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Bonifay A, Mackman N, Hisada Y, Sachetto ATA, Hau C, Gray E, Hogwood J, Aharon A, Badimon L, Barile L, Baudar J, Beckmann L, Benedikter B, Bolis S, Bouriche T, Brambilla M, Burrello J, Camera M, Campello E, Ettelaie C, Faille D, Featherby S, Franco C, Guldenpfennig M, Hansen JB, Judicone C, Kim Y, Kristensen SR, Laakmann K, Langer F, Latysheva N, Lucien F, de Menezes EM, Mullier F, Norris P, Nybo J, Orbe J, Osterud B, Paramo JA, Radu CM, Roncal C, Samadi N, Snir O, Suades R, Wahlund C, Chareyre C, Abdili E, Martinod K, Thaler J, Dignat-George F, Nieuwland R, Lacroix R. Comparison of assays measuring extracellular vesicle tissue factor in plasma samples: communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Vascular Biology. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:2910-2921. [PMID: 38925490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific and clinical interest in extracellular vesicles (EVs) is growing. EVs that expose tissue factor (TF) bind factor VII/VIIa and can trigger coagulation. Highly procoagulant TF-exposing EVs are detectable in the circulation in various diseases, such as sepsis, COVID-19, or cancer. Many in-house and commercially available assays have been developed to measure EV-TF activity and antigen, but only a few studies have compared some of these assays. OBJECTIVES The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Scientific and Standardization Committee Subcommittee on Vascular Biology initiated a multicenter study to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of these assays. METHODS Platelet-depleted plasma samples were prepared from blood of healthy donors. The plasma samples were spiked either with EVs from human milk or EVs from TF-positive and TF-negative cell lines. Plasma was also prepared from whole human blood with or without lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Twenty-one laboratories measured EV-TF activity and antigen in the prepared samples using their own assays representing 18 functional and 9 antigenic assays. RESULTS There was a large variability in the absolute values for the different EV-TF activity and antigen assays. Activity assays had higher specificity and sensitivity compared with antigen assays. In addition, there was a large intra-assay and interassay variability. Functional assays that used a blocking anti-TF antibody or immunocapture were the most specific and sensitive. Activity assays that used immunocapture had a lower coefficient of variation compared with assays that isolated EVs by high-speed centrifugation. CONCLUSION Based on this multicenter study, we recommend measuring EV-TF using a functional assay in the presence of an anti-TF antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Bonifay
- Aix-Marseille University, C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE1260, Marseille, France; Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Nigel Mackman
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yohei Hisada
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ana Teresa Azevedo Sachetto
- UNC Blood Research Center, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chi Hau
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elaine Gray
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potter's Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - John Hogwood
- National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potter's Bar, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Anat Aharon
- Hematology Research Laboratory, Department of Hematology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel; The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Justine Baudar
- Université Catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL NAMUR, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Lennart Beckmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birke Benedikter
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, Philipps-University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany; University Eye Clinic Maastricht, MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center + (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Bolis
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Tarik Bouriche
- Research and Technology Department, BioCytex, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jacopo Burrello
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Marina Camera
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Campello
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Camille Ettelaie
- Biomedical Science, University of Hull/HYMS, Cottingham Road, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Dorothée Faille
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM, LVTS, Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Featherby
- Biomedical Science, University of Hull/HYMS, Cottingham Road, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Corentin Franco
- Research and Technology Department, BioCytex, Marseille, France
| | - Maite Guldenpfennig
- Université Catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL NAMUR, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - John-Bjarne Hansen
- Thrombosis Research Group (TREC), Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Thrombosis Research Center (TREC), Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Yohan Kim
- epartment of Urology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Soren Risom Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Katrin Laakmann
- Institute for Lung Research, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Centre, Philipps-University Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Langer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), University Medical Center Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nadezhda Latysheva
- Thrombosis Research Group (TREC), Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- epartment of Urology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Erika Marques de Menezes
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - François Mullier
- Université Catholique de Louvain, CHU UCL NAMUR, Namur Thrombosis and Hemostasis Center (NTHC), Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Philip Norris
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jette Nybo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Josune Orbe
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; RICORS-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bjarne Osterud
- Thrombosis Research Group (TREC), Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jose A Paramo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Claudia M Radu
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Carmen Roncal
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cima Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; RICORS-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nazanin Samadi
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Omri Snir
- Thrombosis Research Group (TREC), Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rosa Suades
- Cardiovascular ICCC Program, Research Institute Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cardiovascular (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Casper Wahlund
- Thrombosis Research Group (TREC), Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Corinne Chareyre
- Aix-Marseille University, C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE1260, Marseille, France
| | - Evelyne Abdili
- Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France
| | - Kimberly Martinod
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johannes Thaler
- Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Françoise Dignat-George
- Aix-Marseille University, C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE1260, Marseille, France; Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France.
| | - Rienk Nieuwland
- Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Chemistry, and Amsterdam Vesicle Center, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Romaric Lacroix
- Aix-Marseille University, C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE1260, Marseille, France; Department of Hematology and Vascular Biology, CHU La Conception, APHM, Marseille, France
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Hou Y, Tang Y, Cai S. Advances in the study of microparticles in diabetic retinopathy. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:626-634. [PMID: 38572927 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common diabetic microangiopathies, which severely impairs vision in diabetic population. The underlying mechanisms regarding the development of DR are not fully understood, and there is a lack of biomarkers to guide clinical, assessment of disease progression. Recently researchers have found that microparticles (MP) and its bioactive molecules are involved in the development of DR. MP is widely distributed in the circulation and can exert autocrine and paracrine benefits in intercellular signalling, provide a catalytic platform for the thrombospondin complex to promote coagulation, and promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species to cause endothelial damage. MP interacts with advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) and AGE receptor (RAGE) to activate inflammatory pathways. MP carries a variety of miRNAs that regulate the vascular endothelial growth factor generation pathway. MP has also been applied to the exploration of mesenchymal stromal cell replacement therapy to treat DR. In a word, MP provides new ideas for the study of DR. MP has emerged as a marker to assess the progression of DR. As a potential therapeutic target, MP also has considerable research value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shanjun Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Eye Hospital, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Ocular Diseases of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
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Guan J, Abudouaini H, Lin K, Yang K. Emerging insights into the role of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine for inflammation control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:140. [PMID: 38918878 PMCID: PMC11197348 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder, is closely linked to persistent low-grade inflammation, significantly contributing to its development and progression. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the inflammatory mechanisms underlying T2DM, focusing on the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in mediating inflammatory responses. We discuss the therapeutic potential of IL-1 inhibitors and colchicine, highlighting their mechanisms in inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome and reducing IL-1β production. Recent studies indicate that these agents could effectively mitigate inflammation, offering promising avenues for the prevention and management of T2DM. By exploring the intricate connections between metabolic disturbances and chronic inflammation, this review underscores the need for novel anti-inflammatory strategies to address T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guan
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haimiti Abudouaini
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaiyuan Lin
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kaitan Yang
- Honghui-Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
- Truma Rehabilitation Department, Honghui-Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
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4
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Nooreen Z, Rai AK, Summayya F, Tandon S. An Insight of Naturally Occurring Phytoconstituents and Novel Approaches Towards the Treatment of Diabetes. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e290823220456. [PMID: 37644751 DOI: 10.2174/1573399820666230829094724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising in diabetes incidents has clearly become one main worldwide health problem. Individuals suffering from diabetes are still more susceptible to many long-term and short-term side effects, which most often cause fatalities. Even though chemically synthesized anti-diabetic entities are capable of helping manage and treat, there has been significant risks related with their prolong and repetitive use. Hence, there is a requirement for safer and novel approaches that might be formed and utilized. OBJECTIVE Aim of the present review is to explain the naturally occurring phytochemicals and novel approach as anti-diabetic agents in the treatment of diabetes and its related issues. METHOD A survey of Google scholar, Research Gate, Pubmed, Science Direct, NCBI database was carried out conducted to determine a most hopeful phytochemicals and novel drug delivery systems in the management of diabetes. RESULT The study stressed the significance of phytomolecules and some novel approaches researched or reported in the literature for the management and cure of diabetes. It is suggested that changes in lifestyle can help patients and like nutritional support, assessment and lifestyle guidance must be individualized based on physical and functional capacity. Further evaluations and improved preventative medicine were the result of improving patient outcomes. CONCLUSION Conventional or synthetic drugs provide relief for short time but nanoformulations of phytomolecules offer an improved therapeutic with fewer negative side effects. Herbal medicines are rich in phytoconstituents and possess variety of health benefits. This review is compilation of phytoconstituents and novel drug delivery system of phytomolecules i.e. nanoparticles, niosomes, microsphere, microparticle and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulfa Nooreen
- PSIT - Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy) Bhauti, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 209305, India
| | - Awani Kumar Rai
- PSIT - Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy) Bhauti, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 209305, India
| | - Fariha Summayya
- Integral Informatic and Research Center-1 (IIRC-1) Intergral University Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226026, India
| | - Sudeep Tandon
- CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 223021, India
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Leng Y, Wang MZ, Xie KL, Cai Y. Identification of Potentially Functional Circular RNA/Long Noncoding RNA-MicroRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks Associated with Vascular Injury in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Integrated Microarray Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:3720602. [PMID: 36937538 PMCID: PMC10023230 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3720602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This research is aimed at figuring out the potential circular RNA (circRNA)/long noncoding RNA- (lncRNA-) microRNA- (miRNA-) mRNA regulatory networks associated with a vascular injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screened in T2DM-related expression datasets were intersected with genes associated with vascular injury in T2DM to obtain candidate DEGs, followed by the construction of an interaction network of DEGs. The upstream miRNAs of candidate genes were predicted by mirDIP, miRWalk, and DIANA TOOLS databases, and the upstream lncRNAs/circRNAs of miRNAs by DIANA-LncBase/circBank database, followed by the construction of circRNA/lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. Peripheral blood was attained from T2DM patients with macroangiopathy for clinical validation of expression and correlation of key factors. Differential analysis screened 37 candidate DEGs correlated with vascular injury in T2DM. Besides, MAPK3 was a core gene associated with vascular injury in T2DM. Among the predicted upstream miRNAs of MAPK3, miR-4270, miR-92a-2-5p, miR-423-5p, and miR-613 ranked at the top according to binding scores. The upstream lncRNAs and circRNAs of the 4 miRNAs were further predicted, obtaining 11 candidate lncRNAs and 3 candidate circRNAs. Moreover, KCNQ1OT1, circ_0020316, and MAPK3 were upregulated, but miR-92a-2-5p was downregulated in the peripheral blood of T2DM patients with macroangiopathy. Mechanistically, KCNQ1OT1 and circ_0020316 bound to miR-92a-2-5p that inversely targeted MAPK3. Collectively, KCNQ1OT1/circ_0020316-miR-92a-2-5p-MAPK3 coexpression regulatory networks might promote vascular injury in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Leng
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ming-zhu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Kang-ling Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Ying Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
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Zhang L, Jiang F, Xie Y, Mo Y, Zhang X, Liu C. Diabetic endothelial microangiopathy and pulmonary dysfunction. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1073878. [PMID: 37025413 PMCID: PMC10071002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1073878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic condition with a high global morbidity and mortality rate that affects the whole body. Their primary consequences are mostly caused by the macrovascular and microvascular bed degradation brought on by metabolic, hemodynamic, and inflammatory variables. However, research in recent years has expanded the target organ in T2DM to include the lung. Inflammatory lung diseases also impose a severe financial burden on global healthcare. T2DM has long been recognized as a significant comorbidity that influences the course of various respiratory disorders and their disease progress. The pathogenesis of the glycemic metabolic problem and endothelial microangiopathy of the respiratory disorders have garnered more attention lately, indicating that the two ailments have a shared history. This review aims to outline the connection between T2DM related endothelial cell dysfunction and concomitant respiratory diseases, including Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lanlan Zhang, ; Xin Zhang, ; Chuntao Liu,
| | - Faming Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Mo
- Department of Neurology Medicine, The Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) 363 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lanlan Zhang, ; Xin Zhang, ; Chuntao Liu,
| | - Chuntao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lanlan Zhang, ; Xin Zhang, ; Chuntao Liu,
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MicroRNA Changes Up to 24 h following Induced Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314696. [PMID: 36499023 PMCID: PMC9736413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoglycemia, as a complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D), causes increased morbidity and mortality but the physiological response underlying hypoglycemia has not been fully elucidated. Small noncoding microRNA (miRNA) have multiple downstream biological effects. This pilot exploratory study was undertaken to determine if induced miRNA changes would persist and contribute to effects seen 24 h post-hypoglycemia. A parallel, prospective study design was employed, involving T2D (n = 23) and control (n = 23) subjects. The subjects underwent insulin-induced hypoglycemia (2 mmol/L; 36 mg/dL); blood samples were drawn at baseline, upon the induction of hypoglycemia, and 4 h and 24 h post-hypoglycemia, with a quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of miRNA undertaken. The baseline miRNAs did not differ. In the controls, 15 miRNAs were downregulated and one was upregulated (FDR < 0.05) from the induction of hypoglycemia to 4 h later while, in T2D, only four miRNAs were altered (downregulated), and these were common to both cohorts (miR-191-5p; miR-143-3p; let-7b-5p; let-7g-5p), correlated with elevated glucagon levels, and all were associated with energy balance. From the induction of hypoglycemia to 24 h, 14 miRNAs were downregulated and 5 were upregulated (FDR < 0.05) in the controls; 7 miRNAs were downregulated and 7 upregulated (FDR < 0.05) in T2D; a total of 6 miRNAs were common between cohorts, 5 were downregulated (miR-93-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-191-5p, miR-185-5p, and miR-652-3p), and 1 was upregulated (miR-369-3p). An ingenuity pathway analysis indicated that many of the altered miRNAs were associated with metabolic and coagulation pathways; however, of the inflammatory proteins expressed, only miR-143-3p at 24 h correlated positively with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFa; p < 0.05 and r = 0.46) and negatively with toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4; p < 0.05 and r = 0.43). The MiRNA levels altered by hypoglycemia reflected changes in counter-regulatory glucagon and differed between cohorts, and their expression at 24 h suggests miRNAs may potentiate and prolong the physiological response. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03102801.
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Moin ASM, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. The severity and duration of Hypoglycemia affect platelet-derived protein responses in Caucasians. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:202. [PMID: 36203210 PMCID: PMC9541052 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Severe hypoglycemia is associated with increased cardiovascular death risk, and platelet responses to hypoglycemia (hypo) have been described. However, the impact of deep transient hypo (deep-hypo) versus prolonged milder hypo (mild-hypo) on platelet response is unclear. Research Design and methods Two hypo studies were compared; firstly, mild-hypo in 18-subjects (10 type-2-diabetes (T2D), 8 controls), blood glucose to 2.8mmoL/L (50 mg/dL) for 1-hour; secondly deep-hypo in 46-subjects (23 T2D, 23 controls), blood glucose to < 2.2mmoL/L (< 40 mg/dL) transiently. Platelet-related protein (PRP) responses from baseline to after 1-hour of hypo (mild-hypo) or at deep-hypo were compared, and at 24-hours post-hypo. Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement was used to determine PRP changes for 13 PRPs. Results In controls, from baseline to hypo, differences were seen for four PRPs, three showing increased %change in deep-hypo (Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1), CD40 ligand (CD40LG) and Protein-S), one showing increased %change in mild-hypo (von Willebrand factor (vWF)); at 24-hours in controls, %change for Protein-S remained increased in deep-hypo, whilst % change for vWF and plasminogen were increased in mild-hypo. In T2D, from baseline to hypo, differences were seen for 4 PRPs, three showing increased %change in deep-hypo (PAI-1, platelet glycoprotein VI and Tissue factor), one showing increased %change in mild-hypo (CD40LG); at 24-hours in T2D, %change for CD40LG remained increased, together with vWF, in deep-hypo. Conclusion Both mild-hypo and deep-hypo showed marked PRP changes that continued up to 24-hours, showing that both the severity and duration of hypoglycemia are likely important and that any degree of hypoglycemia may be detrimental for increased cardiovascular risk events through PRP changes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12933-022-01639-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain.
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Nandakumar M, Moin ASM, Ramanjaneya M, Qaissi AA, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Severe iatrogenic hypoglycaemia modulates the fibroblast growth factor protein response. Diabetes Obes Metab 2022; 24:1483-1497. [PMID: 35415885 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is evidence that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) levels may be implicated in hypoglycaemia, with FGF19 being a potential contributor to insulin-independent pathways driving postprandial hypoglycaemia following bariatric surgery and basic FGF (FGF2) being elevated following mild hypoglycaemia occurring after the glucose tolerance test. However, their response following severe iatrogenic hypoglycaemia is unknown and therefore this pilot exploratory study was undertaken. METHODS A case-control study of aged-matched type 2 diabetes (T2D; n = 23) and control (n = 23) subjects who underwent a hyperinsulinaemic clamp, initially to euglycaemia in T2D (5 mmol/L; 90 mg/dl), and then to hypoglycaemia (<2 mmol/L; <36 mg/dl) with subsequent follow-up time course to 24 h. FGF and FGF receptor proteins were determined by Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement. RESULTS At baseline, FGF12 (p = .006) was higher and FGF20 (p = .004) was lower in T2D versus controls. At hypoglycaemia, FGF7 was lower in T2D. Post-hypoglycaemic levels of FGF18, FGF19, FGF20 and FGF23 were lower while FGF12 and FGF16 were higher in T2D versus control at different time points. No differences between T2D and controls were seen for FGF1, FGF2, FGF4, FGF6, FGF8, FGF9, FGF10, FGF21 or any of the FGF receptors. At 24 h post-hypoglycaemia, FGF20 (p = .01) differed between controls and T2D, while the levels for the other proteins measured returned to baseline. None of the FGF proteins altered from baseline to euglycaemia when clamped in T2D subjects. FGF23 negatively correlated with fasting blood glucose, but no FGFs correlated with body mass index in T2D. CONCLUSION Severe transient hypoglycaemia modulated FGF7, 16, 19, 20 and 23 (known to be associated with diabetes), together with FGF18 and 12, not previously reported to be associated with diabetes but that may be important in the pathophysiology of hypoglycaemia; FGF20 remained low at 24 h. Taken together, these data suggest that recurrent hypoglycaemia may contribute to the development of complications through changes in FGF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Nandakumar
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
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Using Convolutional Neural Network as a Statistical Algorithm to Explore the Therapeutic Effect of Insulin Liposomes on Corneal Inflammation. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:1169438. [PMID: 35958780 PMCID: PMC9357760 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1169438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aiming at the disadvantages of easy recurrence of keratitis, difficult eradication by surgery, and easy bacterial resistance, insulin-loaded liposomes were prepared, and convolutional neural network was used as a statistical algorithm to build SD rat corneal inflammation model and study insulin-loaded liposomes, alleviating effect on corneal inflammatory structure in SD rats. The INS/PFOB@LIP was developed by means of thin-film dispersive phacoemulsification, its structure was monitored using a transmission electron microscope, particle size and appearance potential were monitored using a Malvern particle sizer, and ultraviolet consumption spectrum was monitored using a UV spectrophotometer. The encapsulation rate, drug loading, and distribution of insulin liposomes in rat corneal inflammatory model were measured and calculated. The cytotoxicity of liposome materials was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, and the toxic effects of insulin and insulin liposomes on cells were detected. The cornea of SD rats was burned with NaOH solution (1 mol/L), and the SD rat corneal inflammation model was created. The insulin liposome was applied to the corneal inflammation model, and the therapeutic effect of insulin liposome on corneal inflammation was evaluated by slit lamp, corneal immunohistochemistry, corneal HE staining, and corneal Sirius red staining. Insulin-loaded liposomes were successfully constructed with an average particle size of (130.69 ± 3.87) nm and a surface potential of (−38.24 ± 2.57) mV. The encapsulation rate of insulin liposomes was (48.89 ± 1.24)%, and the drug loading rate was (24.45 ± 1.24)%. The SD rat corneal inflammation model was successfully established. After insulin liposome treatment, the staining area of corneal fluorescein sodium was significantly reduced, the corneal epithelium was significantly thickened, the content of corneal collagen was increased, the expression of inflammatory factors was significantly reduced, and new blood vessels (corneal neovascularization, CNV) growth was inhibited.
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Diagnostic and Prognostic Protein Biomarkers of β-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetes and Their Modulation with Glucose Normalization. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030196. [PMID: 35323639 PMCID: PMC8950787 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of type-2 diabetes(T2D) is preceded by β-cell dysfunction and loss. However, accurate measurement of β-cell function remains elusive. Biomarkers have been reported to predict β-cell functional decline but require validation. Therefore, we determined whether reported protein biomarkers could distinguish patients with T2D (onset < 10-years) from controls. A prospective, parallel study in T2D (n = 23) and controls (n = 23) was undertaken. In T2D subjects, insulin-induced blood glucose normalization from baseline 7.6 ± 0.4 mmol/L (136.8 ± 7.2 mg/dL) to 4.5 ± 0.07 mmol/L (81 ± 1.2 mg/dL) was maintained for 1-h. Controls were maintained at 4.9 ± 0.1 mmol/L (88.2 ± 1.8 mg/dL). Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA) -scan plasma protein measurement determined a 43-protein panel reported as diagnostic and/or prognostic for T2D. At baseline, 9 proteins were altered in T2D. Three of 13 prognostic/diagnostic proteins were lower in T2D: Adiponectin (p < 0.0001), Endocan (p < 0.05) and Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor-Kit (KIT) (p < 0.01). Two of 14 prognostic proteins [Cathepsin-D (p < 0.05) and Cadherin-E (p < 0.005)], and four of 16 diagnostic proteins [Kallikrein-4 (p = 0.001), Aminoacylase-1 (p = 0.001), Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 (IGFBP4) (p < 0.05) and Reticulon-4 receptor (RTN4R) (p < 0.001)] were higher in T2D. Protein levels were unchanged following glucose normalization in T2D. Our results suggest that a focused biomarker panel may be useful for assessing β-cell dysfunction and may complement clinical decision-making on insulin therapy. Unchanged post-glucose normalization levels indicate these are not acute-phase proteins or affected by glucose variability.
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Atkin SA, Moin ASM, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Hypoglycemia Impairs the Heat Shock Protein Response: A Risk for Heat Shock in Cattle? Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:822310. [PMID: 35224086 PMCID: PMC8866688 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.822310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHeat stress (HS) in cattle is a major debilitating problem, affecting health and milk yield. Physiologically, HS has been shown to lower blood glucose levels to 2.5 mmol/l (45 mg/dl) and results in upregulation of heat shock proteins (HSPs), eliciting the heat shock response (HSR) of which HSP90, 70 and 27 have been shown to be protective. However, it is unclear if the HSP response is blunted by decreased glucose, thereby preventing adaptive mechanisms. To address this question, this exploratory reverse translational study on the effects of hypoglycemia on the HSP pathway was undertaken.MethodsA human prospective, study in healthy control individuals (n = 23) was undertaken. Subjects underwent hyperinsulinemic-induced hypoglycemia [≤2.0 mmol/L (36 mg/dl)] with blood sampling at baseline, at hypoglycemia and for a 24-h post-hypoglycemia follow-up period. Proteomic analysis of the heat shock-related protein pathway, the pathway associated with HS in cattle, was performed.ResultsIn response to hypoglycemia, HS pathway proteins were significantly decreased (p < 0.05): HSP70 and HSP27 (at hypoglycemia); DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 (DNAJB1), Stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1) and the ubiquitin pathway proteins, Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (UBE2L3) and Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N (UBE2N) (at 30-min post-hypoglycemia); HSP90 (at 2-h post-hypoglycemia). STIP1, UBE2L3, and UBE2N remained suppressed at 24-h.ConclusionHeat stress in cattle reduces blood glucose that, in turn, may blunt the HS pathway protective response, including HSP 90, 70, 27 and the ubiquitin proteins, leading to adverse outcomes. Monitoring of blood glucose in susceptible cattle may allow for earlier intervention and may also identify those animals at greatest risk to ensure that milk yield is not compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A. Atkin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler ;
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Ramanjaneya M, Priyanka R, Bensila M, Jerobin J, Pawar K, Sathyapalan T, Abou-Samra AB, Halabi NM, Moin ASM, Atkin SL, Butler AE. MiRNA and associated inflammatory changes from baseline to hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917041. [PMID: 36017315 PMCID: PMC9395634 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) increases morbidity and mortality but the underlying physiological response is still not fully understood, though physiological changes are still apparent 24 hours after the event. Small noncoding microRNA (miRNA) have multiple downstream biological effects that may respond rapidly to stress. We hypothesized that hypoglycemia would induce rapid miRNA changes; therefore, this pilot exploratory study was undertaken. METHODS A pilot prospective, parallel study in T2D (n=23) and controls (n=23). Insulin-induced hypoglycemia (2mmol/l: 36mg/dl) was induced and blood sampling performed at baseline and hypoglycemia. Initial profiling of miRNA was undertaken on pooled samples identified 96 miRNA that were differentially regulated, followed by validation on a custom designed 112 miRNA panel. RESULTS Nine miRNAs differed from baseline to hypoglycemia in control subjects; eight were upregulated: miR-1303, miR-let-7e-5p, miR-1267, miR-30a-5p, miR-571, miR-661, miR-770-5p, miR-892b and one was downregulated: miR-652-3p. None of the miRNAs differed from baseline in T2D subjects. CONCLUSION A rapid miRNA response reflecting protective pathways was seen in control subjects that appeared to be lost in T2D, suggesting that mitigating responses to hypoglycemia with blunting of the counter-regulatory response in T2D occurs even in patients with short duration of disease. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03102801?term=NCT03102801&draw=2&rank=1, identifier NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ruth Priyanka
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Milin Bensila
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jayakumar Jerobin
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Krunal Pawar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Jaipur, India
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | | | - Najeeb M. Halabi
- Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler,
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Moin ASM, Nandakumar M, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Potential Biomarkers to Predict Acute Ischemic Stroke in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:744459. [PMID: 34926573 PMCID: PMC8671883 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.744459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), encompassing myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. We hypothesized that those biomarkers indicative of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) seen in large vessel occlusion (LVO) may also be elevated in T2D and further enhanced by stress conditions; therefore, these proteins represent potentially predictive biomarkers for those T2D patients at high risk of AIS. Methods: We performed an exploratory proteomic analysis in control subjects (n = 23) versus those with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n = 23) who underwent a hyperinsulinemic clamp study to transient severe hypoglycemia [blood glucose <2.0 mmol/L (36 mg/dl)] in a prospective case-control study. We compared these proteins described as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for AIS due to LVO: lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronic acid receptor-1 (LYVE1), thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), pro-platelet basic protein (PPBP), and cadherin 1 (CDH1). Results: At baseline (BL), PPBP (p < 0.05), THBS1 (p < 0.05), and CDH1 (p < 0.01) were elevated in T2D; LYVE1 was not different between controls and T2D subjects at BL or at subsequent timepoints. PPBP and THBS1 tended to increase at hypoglycemia in both cohorts, though reached significance only in controls (p < 0.05), returning to BL levels post-hypoglycemia. CDH1 levels were higher in T2D at BL, at hypoglycemia and up to 2-h posthypoglycemia, thereafter reverting to BL levels. Conclusion: Elevated levels of PPBP, THBS1, and CDH1, circulatory proteins suggested as biomarkers of AIS due to LVO, may, in T2D patients, be prognostically indicative of a cohort of T2D patients at increased risk of ischaemic stroke. Prospective studies are needed to determine if this reflects future clinical risk. Clinical trial reg. no: NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Manjula Nandakumar
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Heslington, United Kingdom.,Leeds Medical School, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- Department of Research, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Department of Research, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, Al Muharraq, Bahrain
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Majka M, Kleibert M, Wojciechowska M. Impact of the Main Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Plasma Extracellular Vesicles and Their Influence on the Heart's Vulnerability to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:3331. [PMID: 34943838 PMCID: PMC8699798 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of cardiovascular deaths are associated with acute coronary syndrome, especially ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Therapeutic reperfusion alone can contribute up to 40 percent of total infarct size following coronary artery occlusion, which is called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Its size depends on many factors, including the main risk factors of cardiovascular mortality, such as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, smoking, and total cholesterol level as well as obesity, diabetes, and physical effort. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-coated particles released by every type of cell, which can carry content that affects the functioning of other tissues. Their role is essential in the communication between healthy and dysfunctional cells. In this article, data on the variability of the content of EVs in patients with the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factors is presented, and their influence on IRI is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (M.M.); (M.K.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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Hypoglycemia-induced changes in complement pathways in type 2 diabetes. ATHEROSCLEROSIS PLUS 2021; 46:35-45. [PMID: 36643727 PMCID: PMC9833243 DOI: 10.1016/j.athplu.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims An association between hypoglycaemia and adverse cardiovascular events has been suggested from longitudinal and retrospective cohort studies. The complement pathway proteins in hypoglycemia are not well studied. Here, we hypothesized that these circulating proteins would be elevated in response to hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) through the inflammatory response. Methods A prospective, parallel study in T2D (n = 23) and controls (n = 23). Subjects underwent insulin-induced hypoglycemia with blood sampling at baseline, hypoglycemia and post-hypoglycemia; SOMAscan proteomic analysis of complement pathway-related proteins, cytokines and inflammatory proteins was undertaken. Results At baseline: Complement C2 (p < 0.05) and Factor B (p < 0.05) were elevated in T2D. At hypoglycemia: Complement C2 (p < 0.05) and Factor B (p < 0.01) remained elevated, whilst Factor I became elevated (p < 0.05) in T2D; Complement C4b became elevated in controls (p < 0.05). In the post-hypoglycemia follow up period, Complement C2, Factor B and Factor I remained elevated in T2D; in addition, Factor D, Factor H and mannose-binding protein C showed elevations in T2D, whilst properdin, complement C3b, Factor H-related protein 5, complement C1q and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) showed elevations in controls. Granger causality analysis showed that inflammatory proteins appeared to drive complement protein changes in T2D; conversely, in controls, complement proteins drove inflammatory protein changes. Conclusions Baseline elevations in C2 and Factor B indicate upregulation of the complement pathway in T2D. Changes in complement pathway-related protein levels in response to hypoglycemia suggest both intrinsic and alternative pathway activation at 2-h that appears driven by the underlying inflammation in T2D and could contribute to a cardiovascular event.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03102801. Date of registration April 6, 2017, retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03102801?term=NCT03102801&draw=2&rank=1.
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Butler AE, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL. Angiopoietin-1: an early biomarker of diabetic nephropathy? J Transl Med 2021; 19:427. [PMID: 34645474 PMCID: PMC8513175 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Butler
- Department of Research, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain.
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.,Leeds Medical School, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Department of Research, Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland, PO Box 15503, Adliya, Bahrain
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Impact of severe hypoglycemia on the heat shock and related protein response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17057. [PMID: 34426634 PMCID: PMC8382834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96642-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins contribute to diabetes-induced complications and are affected by glycemic control. Our hypothesis was that hypoglycemia-induced heat shock and related protein changes would be amplified in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This prospective, case-control study enrolled 23 T2D patients and 23 control subjects who underwent hyperinsulinemic-induced hypoglycemia (≤ 2.0 mmol/L (36 mg/dl)) with blood sampling at baseline, at hypoglycemia and after a 24-h post-hypoglycemia follow-up period. Proteomic analysis of heat shock-related and pro-inflammatory proteins was performed. At baseline, MAPKAPK5 (p = 0.02) and UBE2G2 (p = 0.003) were elevated and STUB1 decreased (p = 0.007) in T2D. At hypoglycemia: PPP3CA (p < 0.03) was increased and EPHA2 (p = 0.01) reduced in T2D; by contrast, three proteins were reduced in controls [HSPA1A (p = 0.007), HSPB1 (p < 0.02), SMAD3 (p = 0.005)] while only MAPKAPK5 was elevated (p = 0.02). In the post-hypoglycemia follow-up period, most proteins normalized to baseline by 24-h; however, STIP1 (p = 0.003), UBE2N (p = 0.004) and UBE2L3 (p < 0.04) were decreased in controls at 24-h. No protein differed from baseline at 24-h in T2D. Pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 increased at 4-h post-hypoglycemia in controls and T2D (p < 0.05 and p < 0.003, respectively) and correlated with HSPA1A; anti-inflammatory IL-10 decreased 2-h post-hypoglycemia in T2D only. Other pro-inflammatory proteins, IL-1α, IFN-γ and TNF-α, were unchanged. Heat shock and related proteins differed at baseline between T2D and controls, with an exaggerated response of heat shock and related proteins to hypoglycemia that returned to baseline, though with changes at 24-h in controls alone. An increase in pro-inflammatory IL-6, with a decrease in anti-inflammatory IL-10, suggests that the HSP system is overactivated due to underlying inflammation in T2D.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03102801.
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Klimontov VV, Saik OV, Korbut AI. Glucose Variability: How Does It Work? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157783. [PMID: 34360550 PMCID: PMC8346105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence points to the role of glucose variability (GV) in the development of the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. In this review, we summarize data on GV-induced biochemical, cellular and molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Current data indicate that the deteriorating effect of GV on target organs can be realized through oxidative stress, glycation, chronic low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, impaired angiogenesis and renal fibrosis. The effects of GV on oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability could be aggravated by hypoglycemia, associated with high GV. Oscillating hyperglycemia contributes to beta cell dysfunction, which leads to a further increase in GV and completes the vicious circle. In cells, the GV-induced cytotoxic effect includes mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and disturbances in autophagic flux, which are accompanied by reduced viability, activation of apoptosis and abnormalities in cell proliferation. These effects are realized through the up- and down-regulation of a large number of genes and the activity of signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK (ERK), JNK and TGF-β/Smad. Epigenetic modifications mediate the postponed effects of glucose fluctuations. The multiple deteriorative effects of GV provide further support for considering it as a therapeutic target in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V. Klimontov
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (RICEL—Branch of IC&G SB RAS), 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (A.I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Olga V. Saik
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (RICEL—Branch of IC&G SB RAS), 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (A.I.K.)
- Laboratory of Computer Proteomics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IC&G SB RAS), 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anton I. Korbut
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (RICEL—Branch of IC&G SB RAS), 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.V.S.); (A.I.K.)
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Atkin AS, Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Plasma heat shock protein response to euglycemia in type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e002057. [PMID: 33879515 PMCID: PMC8061861 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucose variability is associated with mortality and macrovascular diabetes complications. The mechanisms through which glucose variability mediates tissue damage are not well understood, although cellular oxidative stress is likely involved. As heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) complications and are rapidly responsive, we hypothesized that HSP-related proteins (HSPRPs) would differ in diabetes and may respond to glucose normalization. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A prospective, parallel study in T2D (n=23) and controls (n=23) was undertaken. T2D subjects underwent insulin-induced blood glucose normalization from baseline 7.6±0.4 mmol/L (136.8±7.2 mg/dL) to 4.5±0.07 mmol/L (81±1.2 mg/dL) for 1 hour. Control subjects were maintained at 4.9±0.1 mmol/L (88.2±1.8 mg/dL). Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer-scan plasma protein measurement determined a panel of HSPRPs. RESULTS At baseline, E3-ubiquitin-protein ligase (carboxyl-terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) or HSPABP2) was lower (p=0.03) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G2 higher (p=0.003) in T2D versus controls. Following glucose normalization, DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 (DNAJB1 or HSP40) was reduced (p=0.02) in T2D, with HSP beta-1 (HSPB1) and HSP-70-1A (HSP70-1A) (p=0.07 and p=0.09, respectively) also approaching significance relative to T2D baseline levels. CONCLUSIONS Key HSPRPs involved in critical protein interactions, CHIP and UBE2G2, were altered in diabetes at baseline. DNAJB1 fell in response to euglycemia, suggesting that HSPs are reacting to basal stress that could be mitigated by tight glucose control with reduction of glucose variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Atkin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
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Moin ASM, Kahal H, Al-Qaissi A, Kumar N, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Amyloid-related protein changes associated with dementia differ according to severity of hypoglycemia. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:9/1/e002211. [PMID: 33931404 PMCID: PMC8098766 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2021-002211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes (T2D) may increase risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but no data on changes in AD-related proteins with differing degrees of hypoglycemia exist. We hypothesized that milder prolonged hypoglycemia would cause greater AD-related protein changes versus severe transient hypoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Two prospective case-control induced hypoglycemia studies were compared: study 1, hypoglycemic clamp to 2.8 mmol/L (50 mg/dL) for 1 hour in 17 subjects (T2D (n=10), controls (n=7)); study 2, hypoglycemic clamp to 2.0 mmol/L (36 mg/dL) undertaken transiently and reversed in 46 subjects (T2D (n=23), controls (n=23)). Blood sampling at baseline, hypoglycemia and 24-hour post-hypoglycemia, with proteomic analysis of amyloid-related proteins performed. RESULTS In control subjects, the percentage change from baseline to hypoglycemia differed between study 1 and study 2 for 5 of 11 proteins in the AD-related panel: serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) (p=0.009), pappalysin (PAPPA) (p=0.002), apolipoprotein E2 (p=0.02), apolipoprotein E3 (p=0.03) and apolipoprotein E4 (p=0.02). In controls, the percentage change from baseline to 24 hours differed between studies for two proteins: SAA1 (p=0.003) and PAPPA (p=0.004); however, after Bonferroni correction only SAA1 and PAPPA remain significant. In T2D, there were no differential protein changes between the studies. CONCLUSIONS The differential changes in AD-related proteins were seen only in control subjects in response to iatrogenic induction of hypoglycemic insults of differing length and severity and may reflect a protective response that was absent in subjects with T2D. Milder prolonged hypoglycemia caused greater AD-related protein changes than severe acute hypoglycemia in control subjects. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT02205996, NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Kahal
- Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
- Diabetes and Metabolism, Leeds Medical School, Leeds, UK
| | - Nitya Kumar
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
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Moin ASM, Sathyapalan T, Diboun I, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Identification of macrophage activation-related biomarkers in obese type 2 diabetes that may be indicative of enhanced respiratory risk in COVID-19. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6428. [PMID: 33742062 PMCID: PMC7979696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85760-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the immune system through obesity and diabetes may enhance infection severity complicated by Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The objective was to determine the circulatory biomarkers for macrophage activation at baseline and after serum glucose normalization in obese type 2 diabetes (OT2D) subjects. A case-controlled interventional pilot study in OT2D (n = 23) and control subjects (n = 23). OT2D subjects underwent hyperinsulinemic clamp to normalize serum glucose. Plasma macrophage-related proteins were determined using Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer-scan plasma protein measurement at baseline (control and OT2D subjects) and after 1-h of insulin clamp (OT2D subjects only). Basal M1 macrophage activation was characterized by elevated levels of M1 macrophage-specific surface proteins, CD80 and CD38, and cytokines or chemokines (CXCL1, CXCL5, RANTES) released by activated M1 macrophages. Two potent M1 macrophage activation markers, CXCL9 and CXCL10, were decreased in OT2D. Activated M2 macrophages were characterized by elevated levels of plasma CD163, TFGβ-1, MMP7 and MMP9 in OT2D. Conventional mediators of both M1 and M2 macrophage activation markers (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-13) were not altered. No changes were observed in plasma levels of M1/M2 macrophage activation markers in OT2D in response to acute normalization of glycemia. In the basal state, macrophage activation markers are elevated, and these reflect the expression of circulatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes, that were not changed by glucose normalisation. These differences could potentially predispose diabetic individuals to increased infection severity complicated by ARDS.
Clinical trial reg. no: NCT03102801; registration date April 6, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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Akhan O, Ardahanli I. Hypoglycemia in the emergency, is there any effect on endothelial and diastolic functions? Echocardiography 2021; 38:450-459. [PMID: 33539572 DOI: 10.1111/echo.14988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several homeostatic changes like an increase in sympathoadrenal response and oxidative stress occur in hypoglycemia. As a result of these findings, an increase in inflammation and preatherogenic factors is observed, and these changes may lead to endothelial dysfunction. AIM Our study aims to reveal possible cardiac risks (systolic-diastolic functions and endothelial dysfunctions) in patients who have applied to the emergency department with hypoglycemia. METHODS This cross-sectional, case-control study included 46 hypoglycemia patients who admitted to the emergency with symptoms compatible with hypoglycemia and diagnosed with hypoglycemia and 30 healthy volunteers. All patients were evaluated with baseline echocardiography, tissue-Doppler imaging (carotid and brachial artery). Also, the fasting blood tests of the patients referred to the internal medicine department were examined. RESULTS There were no differences between the groups regarding age, weight, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure. Total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Vitamin B12, TSH, and fasting blood glucose levels were similar in the groups' blood tests (all P values > .05). We observed a statistically significant decrease in diastolic dysfunction parameters: E/A and E/e' ratios (respectively, P = .020 and 0.026). It was shown that insulin resistance was influential in forming these considerable differences. The patient group observed that the carotid intima-media thickness was more remarkable (P = .001), and the brachial flow-mediated dilatation value was smaller (P = .003), giving an idea about endothelial functions. CONCLUSION As a message, we can say that hypoglycemia may affect diastolic functions in addition to endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, even young individuals without any chronic diseases may need follow-up in terms of possible risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Akhan
- Cardiology, Bilecik Training and Research Hospital, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Isa Ardahanli
- Cardiology, Bilecik Training and Research Hospital, Bilecik, Turkey
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Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Hypoglycaemia in type 2 diabetes exacerbates amyloid-related proteins associated with dementia. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23:338-349. [PMID: 33026133 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hypoglycaemia in diabetes (T2D) may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that hypoglycaemia-induced amyloid-related protein changes would be exacerbated in T2D. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective, parallel study in T2D (n = 23) and controls (n = 23). Subjects underwent insulin-induced hypoglycaemia with blood sampling at baseline, hypoglycaemia and post-hypoglycaemia; proteomic analysis of amyloid-related proteins was undertaken. RESULTS At baseline, amyloid-precursor protein (APP) (P < .01) was elevated and alpha-synuclein (SNCA) (P < .01) reduced in T2D. At hypoglycaemia, amyloid P-component (P < .01) was elevated and SNCA (P < .05) reduced in T2D; APP (P < .01) and noggin (P < .05) were elevated and SNCA (P < .01) reduced in controls. In the post-hypoglycaemia follow-up period, APP and microtubule-associated protein tau normalized in controls but showed a below-baseline decrease in T2D; noggin normalized in both; SNCA normalized in T2D, with a below-baseline decrease in controls. CONCLUSION The AD-associated protein pattern found in T2D, with basal elevated APP and reduced SNCA, was exaggerated by hypoglycaemia with increased APP and decreased SNCA. Additional AD-associated protein levels that changed in response to hypoglycaemia, particularly in T2D, included amyloid P-component, microtubule-associated protein tau, apolipoproteins A1 and E3, pappalysin and noggin. These results are in accordance with the reported detrimental effects of hypoglycaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK
- Leeds Medical School, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Do biomarkers of COVID-19 severity simply reflect a stress response in type 2 diabetes: Biomarker response to hypoglycemia. Metabolism 2021; 114:154417. [PMID: 33157081 PMCID: PMC7609242 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK; Leeds Medical School, Leeds, UK
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain.
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), PO Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Platelet Protein-Related Abnormalities in Response to Acute Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:651009. [PMID: 33859620 PMCID: PMC8043308 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.651009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with severe COVID-19 infections have coagulation abnormalities indicative of a hypercoagulable state, with thromboembolic complications and increased mortality. Platelets are recognized as mediators of inflammation, releasing proinflammatory and prothrombotic factors, and are hyperactivated in COVID-19 infected patients. Activated platelets have also been reported in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, putting these patients at higher risk for thromboembolic complications of COVID-19 infection. METHODS A case-control study of T2D (n=33) and control subjects (n=30) who underwent a hyperinsulinemic clamp to induce normoglycemia in T2D subjects: T2D: baseline glucose 7.5 ± 0.3mmol/l (135.1 ± 5.4mg/dl), reduced to 4.5 ± 0.07mmol/l (81 ± 1.2mg/dl) with 1-hour clamp; Controls: maintained at 5.1 ± 0.1mmol/l (91.9 ± 1.8mg/dl). Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement was used to determine a panel of platelet proteins. RESULTS Prothrombotic platelet proteins were elevated in T2D versus controls: platelet factor 4 (PF4, p<0.05); platelet glycoprotein VI (PGVI p<0.05); P-selectin (p<0.01) and plasminogen activator inhibitor I (PAI-1, p<0.01). In addition, the antithrombotic platelet-related proteins, plasmin (p<0.05) and heparin cofactor II (HCFII, p<0.05), were increased in T2D. Normalization of glucose in the T2D cohort had no effect on platelet protein levels. CONCLUSION T2D patients have platelet hyperactivation, placing them at higher risk for thromboembolic events. When infected with COVID-19, this risk may be compounded, and their propensity for a more severe COVID-19 disease course increased. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03102801, identifier NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Academic Endocrinology, Leeds Medical School, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler, ;
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Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Soluble Neuropilin-1 Response to Hypoglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: Increased Risk or Protection in SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:665134. [PMID: 34248841 PMCID: PMC8261232 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.665134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neuropilin-1(NRP1) is a cofactor that enhances SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus cell infectivity when co-expressed with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2). The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is activated in type 2 diabetes (T2D); therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if hypoglycaemia-induced stress in T2D would potentiate serum NRP1(sNRP1) levels, reflecting an increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS A case-control study of aged-matched T2D (n = 23) and control (n = 23) subjects who underwent a hyperinsulinemic clamp over 1-hour to hypoglycemia(<40mg/dl) with subsequent timecourse of 4-hours and 24-hours. Slow Off-rate Modified Aptamer (SOMA)-scan plasma protein measurement determined RAS-related proteins: renin (REN), angiotensinogen (AGT), ACE2, soluble NRP1(sNRP1), NRP1 ligands (Vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF and Class 3 Semaphorins, SEM3A) and NRP1 proteolytic enzyme (A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 9, ADAM9). RESULTS Baseline RAS overactivity was present with REN elevated and AGT decreased in T2D (p<0.05); ACE2 was unchanged. Baseline sNRP1, VEGF and ADAM9 did not differ between T2D and controls and remained unchanged in response to hypoglycaemia. However, 4-hours post-hypoglycemia, sNRP1, VEGF and ADAM9 were elevated in T2D(p<0.05). SEMA3A was not different at baseline; at hypoglycemia, SEMA3A decreased in controls only. Post-hypoglycemia, SEMA3A levels were higher in T2D versus controls. sNRP1 did not correlate with ACE2, REN or AGT. T2D subjects stratified according to ACE inhibitor (ACEi) therapies showed no difference in sNRP1 levels at either glucose normalization or hypoglycaemia. CONCLUSION Hypoglycemia potentiated both plasma sNRP1 level elevation and its ligands VEGF and SEMA3A, likely through an ADAM9-mediated mechanism that was not associated with RAS overactivity or ACEi therapy; however, whether this is protective or promotes increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection in T2D is unclear. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03102801.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
- Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Medical School, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- Department of Research, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E. Butler
- Diabetes Research Center (DRC), Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Alexandra E. Butler, ;
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Franzago M, Lanuti P, Fraticelli F, Marchioni M, Buca D, Di Nicola M, Liberati M, Miscia S, Stuppia L, Vitacolonna E. Biological insight into the extracellular vesicles in women with and without gestational diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:49-61. [PMID: 32335856 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder in pregnancy, with increasing prevalence worldwide and still unclear pathogenic mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as potential biomarkers of disease-specific pathways in metabolic disorders, but their potential role in GDM is not fully understood. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the link between EVs and hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. METHODS We assessed 50 GDM women and 50 controls at the third trimester of pregnancy in whom we collected demographic characteristics and clinical and anthropometric parameters. In addition, the circulating total EVs (tEVs) and their subpopulations were assessed using flow cytometry. RESULTS The levels of tEVs and EVs subtypes, expressed as median and interquartile range, were not significantly different between two groups; however, adipocyte-derived EVs (aEVs) concentration, expressed as percentage, was higher in controls than in GDM women (p = 0.045). In addition, a significant correlation was observed between aEVs (%) and third trimester total cholesterol (p = 0.022) within the GDM group. Furthermore, a significant correlation between endothelial-derived EVs (eEVs) and platelet-derived EVs (pEVs) within both groups was found, as well as a significant relation between aEVs and pEVs. CONCLUSIONS These data, although preliminary, represent the starting point for further studies to determine the role of circulating EVs in GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Franzago
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - P Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Fraticelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Marchioni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - D Buca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, SS. Annunziata Hospital, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Liberati
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - S Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - L Stuppia
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - E Vitacolonna
- Department of Medicine and Aging, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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29
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Moin ASM, Al-Qaissi A, Sathyapalan T, Atkin SL, Butler AE. Renin-Angiotensin System Overactivation in Type 2 Diabetes: A Risk for SARS-CoV-2 Infection? Diabetes Care 2020; 43:e131-e133. [PMID: 32616611 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Saleh Md Moin
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Al-Qaissi
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, U.K.,Leeds Medical School, Leeds, U.K
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, Hull, U.K
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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30
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Siwaponanan P, Keawvichit R, Udompunturak S, Hunnangkul S, Reesukumal K, Sukapirom K, Pattanapanyasat K, Krittayaphong R. Altered profile of circulating microparticles in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol 2019; 42:425-431. [PMID: 30680757 PMCID: PMC6712324 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, and it is associated with the prothrombotic state. Circulating microparticles (cMPs) are membrane vesicles that are shed from many cell types in response to cell activation and cell apoptosis. Several studies reported that cMPs may play a role in the hypercoagulable state that can be observed in patients with AF. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of total cMPs and characterize their cellular origins in AF patients. Methods Atotal of 66 AF patients and 33 healthy controls were enrolled. This study investigated total cMP levels and their cellular origin in AF patients using polychromatic flow cytometry. Results AF patients had significantly higher levels of total cMPs (median 36.38, interquartile range [IQR] 21.16‐68.50 × 105 counts/mL vs median 15.21, IQR 9.91‐30.86 × 105 counts/mL; P = 0.004), platelet‐derived MPs (PMPs) (median 10.61, IQR 6.55‐18.04 × 105 counts/mL vs median 7.83, IQR 4.44‐10.26 × 10/mL; P = 0.009), and endothelial‐derived MPs (EMPs CD31+ CD41−) (median 2.94, IQR 1.78‐0.60 × 105 counts/mL vs median 1.16, IQR 0.71‐2.30 × 105 counts/mL; P = 0.001) than healthy controls after adjusting for potential confounders. Phosphatidylserine positive MP (PS + MP) levels were similar compared between AF patients and healthy controls. Conclusion The results of this study revealed a marked increase in total cMP levels, and evidence of elevated endothelial damage and platelet activation, as demonstrated by increased PMP and EMP levels, in AF patients. Additional study is needed to further elucidate the role of cMPs (PMPs and EMPs) in the pathophysiology of and the complications associated with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjaree Siwaponanan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rassamon Keawvichit
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suthipol Udompunturak
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Saowalak Hunnangkul
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kanit Reesukumal
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kasama Sukapirom
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence in Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungroj Krittayaphong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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