1
|
Mørk E, Mjønes P, Foss OA, Bachmann IM, Christensen E. Expression of β-Catenin, E-Cadherin, and α-Smooth Muscle Actin in Basal Cell Carcinoma Before Photodynamic Therapy in Non-recurrent and Recurrent Tumors: Exploring the Ability of Predicting Photodynamic Therapy Outcome. J Histochem Cytochem 2023; 71:111-120. [PMID: 36961748 PMCID: PMC10084567 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231161396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective and cosmetically beneficial treatment of low-risk basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). To optimize PDT response, it is important to correctly select tumors. We sought to find markers that could identify such tumors beyond contributions from clinical and histological examination. Studies have shown that β-catenin, E-cadherin, and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) expression can indicate BCC aggressiveness/BCC invasiveness. We wanted to use these markers in an explorative study to investigate whether they were differently expressed among non-recurring compared with recurring BCCs, to evaluate their ability of predicting PDT outcome. Fifty-two BCCs were stained with antibodies against β-catenin, E-cadherin, and α-SMA, and evaluated using immunoreactive score (IRS), subcellular localization, and stromal protein expression. Results showed that IRS of E-cadherin was significantly different among recurring compared with non-recurring BCCs and with area under a receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.71 (95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.86, p=0.025). Stromal β-catenin expression significantly increased among recurring BCCs. Some recurring BCCs had intense expression in the deep invading tumor edge. In conclusion, E-cadherin, and stromal and deep edge β-catenin expression were most prominent in BCCs that recurred post-PDT, suggesting they could potentially predict PDT outcome. Further studies are needed to investigate whether these results are of clinical value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Mørk
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Patricia Mjønes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pathology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav A. Foss
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinic of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Dermatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingeborg M. Bachmann
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eidi Christensen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mpourazanis G, Konschake W, Vogiatzis R, Papalexis P, Georgakopoulou VE, Ntritsos G, Sklapani P, Trakas N. The Role and Effectiveness of Photodynamic Therapy on Patients With Actinic Keratosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e26390. [PMID: 35911353 PMCID: PMC9332024 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinic keratoses (AKs) are the most common neoplastic lesions and are recognized as a precursor to squamous cell skin cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic option for multiple AKs in line with field cancerization. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of PDT on patients with AKs using a meta-analysis, in order to evaluate the possible superiority of one treatment over the others. For this purpose, the PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, OVID, Science Direct, British Journal of Dermatology, Research Gate, and Embase databases were searched in March 2022. The search terms used were 'photodynamic therapy' and 'actinic keratosis'. We utilized the random-effects meta-analysis model to compare methyl aminolevulinate PDT (MAL-PDT) and the combination of a nanoscale-lipid vesicle formulation with the prodrug 5-aminolevulinic acid (BF-200 ALA) on a complete response (CR) of the lesions. Our meta-analysis indicated that the comparison of BF-200 ALA versus MAL-PDT showed marginally higher CRs than MAL-PDT.
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang W, Liu L, Yang W, Wang D. Surgery combined with photodynamic therapy vs. surgery alone for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis: a retrospective cohort study. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15652. [PMID: 35716107 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for some non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and actinic keratosis. OBJECTIVES To compare recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates between surgery alone and surgery with postoperative PDT in patients with NMSC in China. METHODS & MATERIALS This retrospective cohort study included patients with pathologically confirmed NMSC or actinic keratosis treated by surgical excision with/without PDT. A total of 125 patients were included, including 72 patients (43 females) aged 57-75 years in the surgery alone group and 53 patients (32 females) aged 61-76 years in the surgery+PDT group. RESULTS The most common NMSC types were squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, the most common lesion site was the head and neck, and the vast majority of patients had a primary disease and solitary lesions. There were no significant differences between groups in baseline characteristics. RFS rates in the surgery alone and surgery+PDT groups were, respectively, 100.0% and 98.1% at 1 week, 98.6% and 98.1% at 4 weeks, 97.2% and 98.1% at 8 weeks, 97.2% and 98.1% at 12 weeks, and 90.3% and 90.4% at 24 weeks, with no significant differences between groups. CONCLUSION Adjuvant PDT after surgical excision of NMSC or actinic keratosis does not provide short-term improvement in RFS, but the results need to be confirmed by a formal randomized controlled trial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Yang
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenfeng Yang
- Department of Dermatology and STD, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Daiwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Efendiev KT, Alekseeva PM, Shiryaev AA, Skobeltsin AS, Solonina IL, Fatyanova AS, Reshetov IV, Loschenov VB. Preliminary low-dose photodynamic exposure to the skin cancer with chlorin e6 photosensitizer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102894. [PMID: 35490962 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was aimed to investigate the chlorin e6 photosensitizer distribution in the tumor and tumor border (5 mm) during low-dose photodynamic treatment and to increase the effectiveness of the therapy for skin neoplasms. METHODS Sensitized boundaries of neoplasms were evaluated by video fluorescence imaging. The study of changes in the chlorin e6 distribution before/after photodynamic therapy and in the process of low-dose photodynamic exposure was carried out by the method of spectral fluorescence diagnostics. RESULTS All 19 patients with basal-cell skin cancer had a contrast of chlorin e6 accumulation compared to normal tissues. 3 hours after intravenous administration of the photosensitizer at a dose of 1 mg/kg, the chlorin e6 concentration was: in normal tissues - 0.18 mg/kg, in the tumor - 1.26 mg/kg, in the tumor border - 0.63 mg/kg. In most cases, the fluorescence indices of chlorin e6 in tumor tissues after low-dose photodynamic therapy increased and exceeded the values before light exposure. CONCLUSION Low-dose photodynamic therapy seems to be the optimal method for treating neoplasms, which does not cause severe pain in patients during the light exposure and allows locally increasing of the photosensitizer concentration in tumor tissues. This method of photodynamic therapy can improve the effectiveness of thе treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K T Efendiev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", 115409 Moscow, Russia.
| | - P M Alekseeva
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Shiryaev
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Skobeltsin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", 115409 Moscow, Russia
| | - I L Solonina
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Fatyanova
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - I V Reshetov
- University Clinical Hospital No. 1, Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - V B Loschenov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI", 115409 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zotov AK, Gavdush AA, Katyba GM, Safonova LP, Chernomyrdin NV, Dolganova IN. In situ terahertz monitoring of an ice ball formation during tissue cryosurgery: a feasibility test. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2021; 26:JBO-200372SSR. [PMID: 33506657 PMCID: PMC7839928 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.26.4.043003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Uncontrolled cryoablation of tissues is a strong reason limiting the wide application of cryosurgery and cryotherapy due to the certain risks of unpredicted damaging of healthy tissues. The existing guiding techniques are unable to be applied in situ or provide insufficient spatial resolution. Terahertz (THz) pulsed spectroscopy (TPS) based on sensitivity of THz time-domain signal to changes of tissue properties caused by freezing could form the basis of an instrument for observation of the ice ball formation. AIM The ability of TPS for in situ monitoring of tissue freezing depth is studied experimentally. APPROACH A THz pulsed spectrometer operated in reflection mode and equipped with a cooled sample holder and ex vivo samples of bovine visceral adipose tissue is applied. Signal spectrograms are used to analyze the changes of THz time-domain signals caused by the interface between frozen and unfrozen tissue parts. RESULTS Experimental observation of TPS signals reflected from freezing tissue demonstrates the feasibility of TPS to detect ice ball formation up to 657-μm depth. CONCLUSIONS TPS could become the promising instrument for in situ control of cryoablation, enabling observation of the freezing front propagation, which could find applications in various fields of oncology, regenerative medicine, and THz biophotonics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arsen K. Zotov
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Arsenii A. Gavdush
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gleb M. Katyba
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Nikita V. Chernomyrdin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina N. Dolganova
- Institute of Solid State Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Moscow, Russia
- Address all correpsondence to Irina N. Dolganova,
| |
Collapse
|