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Lai WT, Ko HK, Chou WR, Lee PY, Hsu MT. Clinical application of mindfulness in end-of-life care from the perspective of palliative care professionals: A phenomenological study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 57:101891. [PMID: 39128423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and Purpose: With mindfulness being increasingly recognized for its potential to address psychological challenges related to advanced or terminal illnesses, palliative care professionals are incorporating mindfulness-based interventions into their practice. However, there is limited understanding of the practical applications of mindfulness in clinical settings, particularly for end-of-life patients. This study explored palliative care professionals' experiences in delivering mindfulness-based therapy to end-of-life patients, thereby aiming to inform the development of effective interventions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 palliative care professionals. Participants were asked to describe their memorable experiences in applying mindfulness in a clinical setting. Data were analyzed following Moustakas's transcendental phenomenology approach. RESULTS The interviews produced three themes: clinicians' mindfulness experiences form the cornerstone of their clinical application of mindfulness; creating an optimal healing environment is essential for mindfulness practice; and patient-centric mindfulness guidance should be implemented. CONCLUSION This study underscores the critical role of mindfulness in end-of-life care, highlighting its integration into daily life by palliative care professionals. By drawing upon their own mindfulness experiences, palliative care professionals facilitated a therapeutic environment tailored to the unique needs of end-of-life patients. This patient-centered approach not only enhanced the quality of care but also fostered a healing connection rooted in compassion and empathy. The findings advocate for further education and development of mindfulness-based interventions, including group therapies, to support the holistic well-being of patients in collectivist cultures. Future research should further explore the practical applications and benefits of mindfulness in end-of-life care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lai
- Department of Nursing, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung Country, Taiwan; School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Hsun-Kuei Ko
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Lee
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chi Mei Medical Center Liou-Ying, Tainan Country, Taiwan
| | - Min-Tao Hsu
- School of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
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Berna F, Mengin AC, Huguelet P, Urbach M, Evrard R, Fond G. Is mindfulness practice "at risk" of increasing spirituality? Systematic review and critical analysis of a claimed effect. L'ENCEPHALE 2024; 50:427-435. [PMID: 38311475 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mindfulness meditation has gained prominence in somatic and psychiatric care in several countries including France. Studies have shown its effectiveness in various conditions, in particular the prevention of depressive relapses. However, there are criticisms and concerns about its potential links to Buddhism and spirituality, raising issues of secularism and sectarianism. This issue is particularly conflicting in France with regard its historical and political relationship with secularism. OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess quantitative data regarding the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity using quantitative validated scales. METHODS A systematic review was conducted. PubMed was searched for relevant studies using keywords related to mindfulness and spirituality/religiosity scales. Four scales assessing spirituality were identified: FACIT-sp, INSPIRIT, DSES, and DUREL. Qualitative analysis determined if scale items pertained to spirituality or other topics considered by opponents to mindfulness as "at risk" for deviances or sectarian aberrations. Quantitative analysis assessed the effect size of changes in scale scores before and after mindfulness meditation interventions. RESULTS Eighteen studies were analyzed, with varying scales and program durations including 1272 participants. Qualitative analysis showed that most scales contained items related to spirituality as well as "at risk" elements like religion and mysticism. Quantitative analysis revealed that a few studies reported significant increases in spirituality scores following mindfulness meditation, but the clinical relevance of these changes was questioned. In general, control groups had smaller score changes. INTERPRETATION While some studies suggest a potential increase in spirituality due to mindfulness meditation, the clinical significance of these findings remains uncertain. Moreover, mindfulness meditation's ties to Buddhism are disputed, and its roots are intertwined with various psychotherapy traditions that incorporate spirituality. The role of secularism in psychotherapy is also debated in France, emphasizing the need for proper use and regulation policy rather than prohibition of mindfulness-based approaches. This study highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity. It suggests that a pragmatic approach focusing on risk and harm reduction may be more suitable than labeling the practice as "at risk". Further research is needed to clarify these issues in the specific cultural context of France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Berna
- Psychiatry, Inserm U1329, université de Strasbourg, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France.
| | - Amaury C Mengin
- Psychiatry, Inserm U1329, université de Strasbourg, hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | | | - Mathieu Urbach
- Service universitaire de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, centre hospitalier de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - Renaud Evrard
- Laboratories Inters (EA 4432), université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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Stadnyk A, Casimiro HJ, Reis-Pina P. Mindfulness on Symptom Control and Quality of Life in Patients in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2024; 41:706-714. [PMID: 37468131 PMCID: PMC11032623 DOI: 10.1177/10499091231190879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Palliative care is a medical and humanitarian approach that improves the quality of life of patients, and their families, who are facing problems associated with chronic and life-threatening illnesses. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions for terminally ill or incurable patients. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature on the effect of mindfulness-based interventions on symptom control and quality of life in patients in palliative care. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched for articles, published between January 2017 and December 2022, in English, including randomized controlled and clinical trials. Participants: terminally ill or incurable patients. Interventions: any mindfulness-based intervention. Comparators: any. Outcomes: symptom control and quality of life. The risk of bias was analysed through Cochrane's ROB-2 tool. RESULTS Eight studies were included involving 609 patients and 75 dyads patients-spousal caregivers. The overall risk of bias was low to moderate. Mindfulness-based interventions are helpful in managing suffering, anxiety and depressive symptoms, fatigue, insomnia, drowsiness, appetite, and spiritual well-being. CONCLUSION Mindfulness-based interventions control several symptoms and improve spiritual quality of life in patients in palliative care. Additionally, their informal caregivers also benefit from these interventions. Future trials are crucial to investigate other effects of mindfulness-based interventions, and their long-term benefits, in patients in palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hugo Jorge Casimiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Hospital Palliative Care Team, Setúbal Hospital Centre, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Paulo Reis-Pina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Bento Menni’s Palliative Care Unit, Casa de Saúde da Idanha, Sintra, Portugal
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Tan SB, Chee CH, Ngai CF, Hii SL, Tan YW, Ng CG, Capelle DP, Zainuddin SI, Loh EC, Lam CL, Chai CS, Ng DLC. Mindfulness-based supportive therapy on reducing suffering in patients with advanced cancer: randomised controlled trial. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e1117-e1125. [PMID: 35459688 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suffering is common among patients with advanced cancer. The practice of mindfulness during patient care can potentially reduce suffering. We aimed to examine the efficacy of mindfulness-based supportive therapy (MBST) on reducing suffering in patients with advanced cancer. METHODS We conducted a parallel-group, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial at the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Malaysia. Seventy-three patients with advanced cancer with an overall suffering score ≥4/10 based on the Suffering Pictogram were recruited and randomly assigned into either the MBST group (n=34) or the control group (n=39). RESULTS There was a statistically significant reduction in the overall suffering score in the MBST group compared with the control group (U=432.5, median1=-2.0, median2=-1.0, z=-2.645, p=0.008). There was also significant improvement in the total Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale score (U=483.5, median1=-4.0, median2=-3.0, z=-1.994, p=0.046), and the total Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being score (U=252.0, median1=+14.5, median2=+5.0, z=-4.549, p=0.000) in the MBST group compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS The results provided evidence that the practice of MBST during patient care could promote positive psychosocial outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seng Beng Tan
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chin Fei Ngai
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siew Lin Hii
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi Wen Tan
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chong Guan Ng
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Ee Chin Loh
- Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chee Shee Chai
- Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Martinez-Calderon J, García-Muñoz C, Cano-García FJ, Heredia-Rizo AM. Psychological and spiritual interventions to enhance meaning in adults diagnosed with cancer: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:523. [PMID: 37584817 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07986-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the evidence on the effectiveness that psychological and/or spiritual interventions may have to change the levels of meaning, measured with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp), in adults diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO (via ProQuest), and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to 21st October 2022. Manual searches were conducted. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were included. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach was used to judge the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS Eight RCTs were included (N = 1682). Although some individual studies showed positive effects to enhance meaning using mindfulness or dignity therapy, the overall and individual meta-analyses showed a lack of effect of psychological and spiritual interventions in comparison to comparator interventions (MD (95%CI) = -0.19 (-0.45 to 0.06), p = 0.11, Tau2 = 0.0015, I2 = 2%). Publication bias was undetected (Egger's test = 0.35). Furthermore, no RCTs were judged to have a low risk of bias and the overall certainty of the evidence was judged as low. Meta-regression and subgroups meta-analyses also found possible sources of heterogeneity such as some cancer characteristics, the educational stage, or the religious affiliation. CONCLUSIONS Despite some RCTs may show promising results following mindfulness or dignity therapy, no effects were observed in the meta-analysis. Moreover, important methodological and clinical concerns precluded us to make sound clinical recommendations with the available evidence. OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK DOI REGISTRATION: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4YMTK .
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martinez-Calderon
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad de Sevilla, c/Avicena s/n, Sevilla, Spain
- CTS 1110: Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, and Spirituality (UMMS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Muñoz
- CTS 1110: Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, and Spirituality (UMMS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain.
- Universidad Loyola de Andalucía, Avda. de las Universidades s/n, 41704 Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Cano-García
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo
- CTS 1110: Uncertainty, Mindfulness, Self, and Spirituality (UMMS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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