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Diamantino AC, Nascimento BR, Nunes MCP, Sable CA, Oliveira KKB, Rabelo LC, Franco J, Diamantino LC, Barbosa MM, Reese AT, Olivieri L, de Lima EM, Martins LNA, Colosimo EA, Beaton AZ, Ribeiro ALP. Impact of incorporating echocardiographic screening into a clinical prediction model to optimise utilisation of echocardiography in primary care. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13686. [PMID: 32852108 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Access to public subspecialty healthcare is limited in underserved areas of Brazil, including echocardiography (echo). Long waiting lines and lack of a prioritisation system lead to diagnostic lag and may contribute to poor outcomes. We developed a prioritisation tool for use in primary care, aimed at improving resource utilisation, by predicting those at highest risk of having an abnormal echo, and thus in highest need of referral. METHODS All patients in the existing primary care waiting list for echo were invited for participation and underwent a clinical questionnaire, simplified 7-view echo screening by non-physicians with handheld devices, and standard echo by experts. Two derivation models were developed, one including only clinical variables and a second including clinical variables and findings of major heart disease (HD) on echo screening (cut point for high/low-risk). For validation, patients were risk-classified according to the clinical score. High-risk patients and a sample of low-risk underwent standard echo. Intermediate-risk patients first had screening echo, with a standard echo if HD was suspected. Discrimination and calibration of the two models were assessed to predict HD in standard echo. RESULTS In derivation (N = 603), clinical variables associated with HD were female gender, body mass index, Chagas disease, prior cardiac surgery, coronary disease, valve disease, hypertension and heart failure, and this model was well calibrated with C-statistic = 0.781. Performance was improved with the addition of echo screening, with C-statistic = 0.871 after cross-validation. For validation (N = 1526), 227 (14.9%) patients were classified as low risk, 1082 (70.9%) as intermediate risk and 217 (14.2%) as high risk by the clinical model. The final model with two categories had high sensitivity (99%) and negative predictive value (97%) for HD in standard echo. Model performance was good with C-statistic = 0.720. CONCLUSION The addition of screening echo to clinical variables significantly improves the performance of a score to predict major HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana C Diamantino
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Bruno R Nascimento
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmo P Nunes
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Craig A Sable
- Cardiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kaciane K B Oliveira
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lara C Rabelo
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliane Franco
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Diamantino
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcia M Barbosa
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alison T Reese
- Cardiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura Olivieri
- Cardiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Emilly Malveira de Lima
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciência Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa Natany A Martins
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciência Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Enrico Antonio Colosimo
- Department of Statistics, Instituto de Ciência Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Andrea Z Beaton
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Antonio L P Ribeiro
- Serviço de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Centro de Telessaúde do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Winchester DE, Merritt J, Waheed N, Norton H, Manja V, Shah NR, Helfrich CD. Implementation of appropriate use criteria for cardiology tests and procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2021; 7:34-41. [PMID: 32232436 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The American College of Cardiology appropriate use criteria (AUC) provide clinicians with evidence-informed recommendations for cardiac care. Adopting AUC into clinical workflows may present challenges, and there may be specific implementation strategies that are effective in promoting effective use of AUC. We sought to assess the effect of implementing AUC in clinical practice. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a meta-analysis of studies found through a systematic search of the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane, or CINAHL databases. Peer-reviewed manuscripts published after 2005 that reported on the implementation of AUC for a cardiovascular test or procedure were included. The main outcome was to determine if AUC implementation was associated with a reduction in inappropriate/rarely appropriate care. Of the 18 included studies, the majority used pre/post-cohort designs; few (n = 3) were randomized trials. Most studies used multiple strategies (n = 12, 66.7%). Education was the most common individual intervention strategy (n = 13, 72.2%), followed by audit and feedback (n = 8, 44.4%) and computerized physician order entry (n = 6, 33.3%). No studies reported on formal use of stakeholder engagement or 'nudges'. In meta-analysis, AUC implementation was associated with a reduction in inappropriate/rarely appropriate care (odds ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.49-0.78). Funnel plot suggests the possibility of publication bias. CONCLUSION We found most published efforts to implement AUC observed reductions in inappropriate/rarely appropriate care. Studies rarely explored how or why the implementation strategy was effective. Because interventions were infrequently tested in isolation, it is difficult to make observations about their effectiveness as stand-alone strategies. STUDY REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018091602. Available from https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018091602.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Winchester
- Cardiology Section, Malcom Randall VAMC, 1601 SW Archer Rd 111-D, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Justin Merritt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Nida Waheed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Hannah Norton
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Health Science Center Library, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Veena Manja
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, 2315 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,VA Northern California Health Care System, 10535 Hospital Way, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Nishant R Shah
- Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Center, Brown University Warren Alpert Medical School, 830 Chalkstone Ave, Providence, RI 02908, USA.,Department of Health Services, Policy & Practice, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Christian D Helfrich
- Seattle-Denver Center for Innovation in Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, 1660 S. Columbian Way Mailstop S-152 Seattle, WA 98108, USA
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Anderson JL. Making better use of appropriate use criteria. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2021; 7:3-5. [PMID: 32421803 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Anderson
- Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute, 5121 So. Cottonwood Street, Building 4, 6th floor, Murray, UT 84107, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Fernandes LP, Barreto ATF, Neto MG, Câmara EJN, Durães AR, Roever L, Aras-Júnior R. Prognostic power of conventional echocardiography in individuals without history of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2021; 76:e2754. [PMID: 34190849 PMCID: PMC8221562 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e2754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Echocardiographic abnormalities are associated with a higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether echocardiographic abnormalities are predictors of cardiovascular events in individuals without previous cardiovascular diseases. The PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases were searched for longitudinal studies investigating the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular events among individuals without known cardiovascular diseases. Two independent reviewers analyzed data on the number of participants, age and sex, echocardiographic alterations, follow-up time, and cardiovascular outcomes. The meta-analysis estimated the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 test. Twenty-two longitudinal studies met the eligibility criteria, comprising a total of 55,603 patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was associated with non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 2.16; 95% CI 1.22-3.84), death from cardiovascular disease (RR 2.58; 95% CI 1.83- 3.64), and all-cause mortality (RR 2.02; 95% CI 1.34-3.04). Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and left atrial dilation (LA) were associated with fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.32-3.07) and (RR 1.78; 95% CI 1.16-2.73), respectively. Aortic root dilation was associated with non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09-1.43). In conclusion, LVH, LVDD, dilations of the LA, and of the aortic root were associated with an increased risk of adverse events in individuals without previous cardiovascular diseases. This study suggests that simple data obtained on conventional echocardiography can be an important predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in a low-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Pereira Fernandes
- Programa de Pos Graduacao em Medicina e Saude, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, BR
- Departamento de Ecocardiografia, Hospital Universitario Professor Edgar Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, BR
- *Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Ana Terra Fonseca Barreto
- Departamento de Ecocardiografia, Hospital Universitario Professor Edgar Santos (HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, BR
| | - Mansueto Gomes Neto
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, BR
| | | | | | - Leonardo Roever
- Departamento de Pesquisa Clinica, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, BR
| | - Roque Aras-Júnior
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, BR
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