1
|
Yorca-Ruiz Á, Magdaleno Herrero R, Ortiz García de la Foz V, Murillo-García N, Ayesa-Arriola R. Breaking down processing speed: Motor and cognitive insights in first-episode psychosis and unaffected first-degree relatives. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH 2024:S2950-2853(24)00036-X. [PMID: 38908403 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpmh.2024.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Processing speed (PS) deficits represent a fundamental aspect of cognitive impairment, evident not only in schizophrenia but also in individuals undergoing their first episode of psychosis (FEP) and their unaffected first-degree relatives. Heterogeneity in tests assessing PS reflects the participation of motor and cognitive subcomponents to varying degrees. We aim to explore differences in performance of the subcomponents of PS in FEP patients, parents, siblings, and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Results from tests, including Trail Making Test part A and part B, Digit Symbol Coding Test, Grooved Pegboard Test, and Stroop Word and Stroop Color subtests, were obtained from 133 FEP patients, 146 parents, and 202 controls. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was employed in controls to establish the structure, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to verify if the other groups share this structure. RESULTS EFA revealed a two-factor model: Factor 1 for the motor subcomponent and Factor 2 for the cognitive subcomponent. Subsequently, CFA indicated a good fit for the remaining groups with differences in the relationship between the factors. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the relationships of factors within a common structure suggest the involvement of different compensatory strategies among groups, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of PS deficits in patients and relatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Yorca-Ruiz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| | - Rebeca Magdaleno Herrero
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| | - Víctor Ortiz García de la Foz
- Department of Psychiatry, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Murillo-García
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Luo G, Bai F, Qu X, Jing Y, Wang S, Xuekelaiti Z, Yao C, Li M, Li J. The relationship between serum prolactin levels and cognitive function in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients: a cross-sectional study. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:385-391. [PMID: 38277043 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-024-02748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between serum prolactin levels and psychiatric symptoms and cognitive function in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients. The study recruited 91 drug-naïve schizophrenia patients and 67 healthy controls. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and cognitive function was assessed using the Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (MATRICS) Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Serum prolactin levels were measured, and statistical analyses were performed to examine the relationship between prolactin levels, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function. The study found that drug-naïve schizophrenia patients had severe cognitive deficits compared to healthy controls across all seven domains of the MCCB. However, no correlation was found between these patients' serum prolactin levels and clinical severity or cognitive function. The drug-naïve schizophrenia patients had significant cognitive deficits compared to healthy controls. However, there was no significant relationship between prolactin levels and symptomatology and cognition in drug-naïve schizophrenia patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Fengfeng Bai
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xuehui Qu
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Yifan Jing
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Zaimina Xuekelaiti
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Meijuan Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jie Li
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, 13 Liulin Road, Tianjin, 300222, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kalisova L, Michalec J, Dechterenko F, Silhan P, Hyza M, Chlebovcova M, Brenova M, Bezdicek O. Impact of cognitive performance and negative symptoms on psychosocial functioning in Czech schizophrenia patients. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:43. [PMID: 37460587 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia has a profound influence on the real-life functioning of patients. There are several factors inherent to the disease course affecting the level of psychosocial functioning. Our study focused on the impact of cognitive deficit and severity of negative symptoms (i.e., the experiential domain (avolition, asociality, and anhedonia) and the expressive domain (blunted affect and alogia)) to explore psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia patients (n = 211) were tested for the presence of cognitive impairment using the NIMH-MATRICS: Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Consensus Cognitive Cattery (MCCB; MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) and the extent of negative symptoms using the PANSS (PANSS; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-selected items). The level of psychosocial functioning was measured with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). The path analysis using three regression models was used to analyse variables influencing psychosocial functioning (PSP). One of these models analyzed influence of cognitive functioning (MCCB) and negative schizophrenia symptoms (PANSS selected items reflecting expressive and experiential deficits) as predictors and NART/CRT and disease length as confounders. R2 was 0.54. The direct effect of the MCCB (β = 0.09) on the PSP was suppressed by the strong effect of the negative symptoms (β = -0.64). The presence of cognitive deficits and negative symptoms in our sample of schizophrenia patients significantly influences the level of their psychosocial functioning, a key factor in remission and recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Kalisova
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Michalec
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - F Dechterenko
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Silhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - M Hyza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - M Chlebovcova
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Brenova
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - O Bezdicek
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao N, Wang XH, Kang CY, Zheng Y, Yang LY, Guan TF, Bai YX, Wei R, Hinman HC, Zhang XY. Sex differences in association between cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2021; 20:26. [PMID: 33882965 PMCID: PMC8059310 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-021-00347-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness with significant sex differences. Cognitive impairment is common in patients with schizophrenia, even in remission. This study was designed to examine the sex differences in the relationship between cognitive impairment and clinical correlations with first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) schizophrenia. METHODS 93 FEDN patients (male/female = 45/48) and 160 controls (male/female = 74/86) were enrolled to compare the sex differences in cognitive functions measured by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) were used to evaluate patients' clinical symptoms. We compared cognitive impairment with sociodemographic characteristics and measures of different genders, as well as group-by-sex interactions. RESULTS Our results showed that male patients had significantly lower scores for symbol coding, digital sequence, and verbal learning than female patients, while the healthy controls showed similar sex differences. In female patients, multiple linear regression analysis confirmed that PANSS negative symptoms and general psychopathology scores, HAMD total score, and education level were independent contributors to MCCB total score. In male patients, only education was an independent contributor to MCCB total score. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed significant sex differences in cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms in FEDN, which will be worthy of a follow-up study of schizophrenia in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Hong Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chuan Yi Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li Ying Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tie Feng Guan
- Psychological Clinic, The First Hospital of Yichun, Yichun, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yun Xia Bai
- Psychological Clinic, The First Hospital of Yichun, Yichun, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hunter C Hinman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. .,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|