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Saquib Abullais S, Wykole Y, Abdul Khader M, Mohamed Shamsudeen S, Alanazi S, Ullah Khateeb S, Saleem Bhat MY, Shamsuddin S. Estimation of serum C-reactive protein activity in periodontal health and disease and response to treatment: a clinico-biochemical study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16495. [PMID: 38077410 PMCID: PMC10702329 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease affecting periodontium having multifactorial etiology, can cause significant systemic challengein addition to localized inflammation, tissue damage, and bone resorption. A serological marker of systemic inflammation known as C-reactive protein has been linked to an increased risk for a number of pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. Aim To estimate levels of serum C-reactive protein in healthy individuals and subjects with periodontal diseases and to compare serum C-reactive protein levels in subjects having periodontal disease pre-operatively & post-operatively. Materials and methods The study was conducted on 60 subjects age ranging from 35 to 60 years. 30 individuals with healthy periodontium were in group 1 (control group) and the remaining 30 were diagnosed as adult periodontitis were in group 2 (experimental group). Periodontal examination done using gingival index, plaque index, periodontal pocket depth, and Russel's index. CRP levels were examined between group 1 and group 2 and in group 2 between baseline visit before treatment and 2 months after treatment. Results The findings of this study show a significant connection between periodontal disease and the inflammatory marker CRP in the body, as well as a tendency for a significant decrease in serumCRP levels following periodontitis therapy. At baseline, there was a positive correlation among C-reactive protein, probing pocket depth, and Russell's index. Conclusion As CRP is a key mediator for cardiovascular disease, an increase in C- reactive protein levels in periodontal diseases suggests a significant connection between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases. Early periodontal treatment might decrease the severity of cardiovascular disease that already exists. This suggests that periodontal examination should be part of routine practicealong with cardiovascular examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohasin Abdul Khader
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaik Mohamed Shamsudeen
- Department of Diagnostic Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alanazi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafait Ullah Khateeb
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shaheen Shamsuddin
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Tricio JA, Vicuña DP, Vicuña FP, Aravena JE, Naranjo CA, Orsini CA. Dental students' perceptions and educational impact of preclinical interactive videos compared and in combination with live demonstrations. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:1449-1457. [PMID: 37400108 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the utility of simulation videos with embedded quiz items compared and in combination with live hands-on demonstrations of dental procedures. METHODS Thirty-three videos with embedded items were developed to help students understand the procedures they had to practice in the simulation laboratory. Videos were uploaded to the university LMS platform for students to watch and complete the embedded items as many times as they liked. All 76 students from 2021 and 73 from 2022 Integrated Dentistry III courses were invited to participate in the study. Practical (OSCE) and theoretical (MCQ) exam grades of the 2021 academic year, when interactive videos replaced live demonstrations, were collected and compared to those of the previous years (2017-2020) when only live demonstrations were performed, as were those from the 2022 academic year, when videos were complemented with hands-on live demonstrations. At the end of each year, a perception questionnaire was voluntarily completed by the students. RESULTS Assessment grades were significantly higher in the 2021 academic year when interactive videos were incorporated versus the 2017-2020 period when only live demonstrations were performed. However, the combination of interactive videos with live demonstrations performed during 2022 showed the highest exam grades. Seventy-nine percent of students answered the questionnaire, highly valued the utility of the interactive videos and liked the embedded items. Overall, they stated that they learned from the videos. CONCLUSIONS Interactive videos of preclinical procedures with embedded items combined with live demonstrations can significantly enhance students' learning and are valued by students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Tricio
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela P Vicuña
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Félix P Vicuña
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime E Aravena
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A Naranjo
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - César A Orsini
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Shankar S, Manjunath S, Alqahtani SM, Ganji KK, Nagate RR, Ghokale ST, Nagarajappa AK, Javali MA, Tikare S, Khader MA. Variations of Serum CRP Levels in Periodontal Health and Diseases: A Clinico-Biochemical Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2483. [PMID: 37568846 PMCID: PMC10417054 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to quantify serum C-reactive protein (CRP) values in periodontally healthy people and explore the relationship between serum CRP levels and chronic periodontitis, and the influence of scaling as well as root planing (SRP) on serum CRP levels. The study included 100 systemically healthy adults (n = 100; 50 males and 50 females) who were separated into two groups: Group A (control) n = 50; periodontally healthy subjects and Group B (test) n = 50; subjects with chronic periodontitis. The test group (group B) was further separated randomly into two groups: B1 (n = 25) and B2 (n = 25). The clinical parameters and serum CRP levels were measured only once in Group A and before SRP in Group B1 subjects. In Group B2 subjects the clinical parameters and serum CRP levels were measured only after two months following SRP. For group A, B1, and B2 (the readings recorded after SRP) the mean gingival index scores were 0.146, 2.437, and 1.052, respectively, while the plaque index was 0.414, 2.499, and 0.954, respectively. Probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) showed statistically significant differences between three groups, with higher values in patients with periodontitis before intervention (2.196 ± 0.49; 1.490 ± 0.23), respectively. Healthy controls (Group A) had a C-reactive protein level of 0.04820 mg/dL, while group B1 (test) had 1.678 mg/dL and 0.8892 mg/dL (group B2). C-reactive protein levels were observed to be greater in the test group (groups B1 and B2), and these differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Chronic periodontitis enhances blood levels of systemic inflammatory markers like CRP, which has been reduced by periodontal treatment with SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva Manjunath
- Department of Periodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly 243006, India;
| | - Saad Mohammad Alqahtani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Kiran Kumar Ganji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha 442107, India
| | - Raghavendra Reddy Nagate
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Shankar T. Ghokale
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Anil Kumar Nagarajappa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka 72345, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mukhatar Ahmed Javali
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Shreyas Tikare
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Mohasin Abdul Khader
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.A.); (R.R.N.); (M.A.J.); (S.T.); (M.A.K.)
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Content Analysis of YouTube Videos That Demonstrate Panoramic Radiography. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061093. [PMID: 35742144 PMCID: PMC9222663 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this digital era, dental students often search for online resources for self-directed learning. YouTube is one of the most commonly sought online platforms for educational or instructional videos. No prior study has examined the validity of panoramic radiography videos available on YouTube. This study provides a content analysis of these YouTube videos. A search for relevant YouTube videos was conducted in April 2022. The search string was: (panoramic OR pan OR OPG) AND (dental OR dentistry OR X-ray). The first 100 videos that resulted from the search and their related videos were screened. Exclusion criteria included irrelevance (e.g., no demonstration of panoramic radiography procedures) and non-English videos. For each included video, the following parameters were recorded: image receptor type, patient age, patient type (real patient, animation, or phantom head), patient preparation procedures, machine preparation, patient positioning, and operator safety. The number of views, comments, likes, and channel subscribers were recorded, as well as the video duration and the age of the video. Forty videos were included and analyzed. Most of the videos demonstrated digital panoramic radiography with an adult patient. Procedures on the patient and machine preparations as well as patient positioning were generally explained well. However, most videos did not well-demonstrate operator safety details concerning the use of adequate personal protective equipment. View count, comment count, and channel subscriber count positively correlated with the like count. Clinicians and students should carefully critique the content of such instructional videos and refer to the contents from other sources such as user manuals and latest recommendations from local authorities.
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Gallardo NE, Caleya AM, Sánchez ME, Feijóo G. Learning of paediatric dentistry with the flipped classroom model. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:302-309. [PMID: 34143520 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The flipped classroom (FC) is a pedagogical model that can be very useful in obtaining a dentistry degree. The main objective of this study was to compare learning between student groups introducing FC in the area of paediatric dentistry at the Complutense University of Madrid in 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 76 students enrolled for the first time in the Pediatric Dentistry programme and completed a questionnaire (pre-Q) regarding specific theoretical knowledge about pulpotomies. Subsequently, they were divided into two groups: group A, which had free access before the class to an explanatory video about the indications and techniques of pulpotomy and group B, which viewed the same video only one time in class. After that, all students completed the same questionnaire (post-Q) again and a survey on the degree of satisfaction about the teaching method. RESULTS The differences in score between the post-Q and pre-Q in group A had a mean (SD) value of 3.5 (2.4) and in group B, a mean (SD) of 2.5 (2.2), with a p value of .07. In questions 3, 5 and 8, learning was greater in the experimental group (p = .007, p = .02 and p = .001, respectively). For 74.4% of the students in group A, accessing the video previous to the class was a very useful tool. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that implementing FC in paediatric dentistry classes help students to acquire more theoretical knowledge, which is necessary before practical teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria E Gallardo
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia M Caleya
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Esperanza Sánchez
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Feijóo
- Department of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Janesarvatan F, Hassanabadi H, Mokhtari S, Van Rosmalen P. Critical aspects of educating clinical management and clinical reasoning in primary teeth pulpotomy: A qualitative study based on the perspectives of experts and novices. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:354-360. [PMID: 34402144 PMCID: PMC9291460 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In dental education, students must learn to integrate and coordinate complex knowledge, skills and attitudes and to transfer this learning to clinical practice. One major issue of concern in education in general and dental education, in particular, is to fill the gap between knowledge and practice. METHODS The purpose of this study was to explore the problems that dental students have in transferring knowledge from the classroom to the real clinical setting. More specifically, we investigated the factors that complicate clinical management and clinical reasoning for these novices, including their common errors, in order to design an educational simulation programme in primary teeth pulpotomy. To this end, we conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with experts and novices, performing a thematic analysis of the data obtained. All interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. RESULTS For each major skill-clinical management and clinical reasoning-we identified complicating factors and common errors that related to the child (the patient), parents and dental student (the three main themes). For each theme, we identified further sub-themes. CONCLUSION The data obtained provided valuable insights into the factors that affect dental students' performance on clinical management and clinical reasoning in primary teeth pulpotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Janesarvatan
- Department of Educational Development and ResearchSHEMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
- Department of Educational PsychologyFaculty of Psychology and Educational ScienceKharazmi UniversityTehranIran
| | - Hamidreza Hassanabadi
- Department of Educational PsychologyFaculty of Psychology and Educational ScienceKharazmi UniversityTehranIran
| | - Saeedeh Mokhtari
- Department of Pediatric DentistrySchool of DentistryTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Peter Van Rosmalen
- Department of Educational Development and ResearchSHEMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands
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Enhancement of Skill Competencies in Operative Dentistry Using Procedure-Specific Educational Videos (E-Learning Tools) Post-COVID-19 Era-A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074135. [PMID: 35409816 PMCID: PMC8999006 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
E-learning has completely transformed how people teach and learn, particularly in the last three pandemic years. This study evaluated the effectiveness of additional procedure-specific video demonstrations through E-learning in improving the knowledge and practical preclinical skills acquisition of undergraduate dental students in comparison with live demonstration only. A randomized controlled trial was conducted for the second-year dental students in the College of Dentistry, Jouf University, to evaluate the impact of E-learning-assisted videos on preclinical skill competency levels in operative dentistry. After a brief introduction to this study, the second-year male and female students voluntarily participated in the survey through an official college email. Fifty participants were enrolled in the study after obtaining informed consent. The participants were randomly divided into two groups, twenty-five each. The control group (Group A) was taught using traditional methods, and the intervention group (Group B) used E-learning-assisted educational videos and traditional techniques. An objective structured practical examination (OSPE) was used to assess both groups. The faculty members prepared a structured, standardized form to evaluate students. After OSPE, statistical analysis was done to compare the grades of OSPE between Group A and Group B. Logistic regression analysis was done to express the effect of components of the OSPE on gender, cumulative gross point average (CGPA), Group A and Group B. The results showed a significant difference in the experimental groups after the intervention (p < 0.000). The simulator position parameter demonstrated that the participants had a significant competence level after the intervention by procedure-specific videos (p < 0.000) and an exponential value of 6.494. The participants taught by E-learning-assisted procedure-specific videos and traditional teaching strategies demonstrated an enhanced learning and skill competency level than participants who used only traditional teaching strategies.
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Botelho MG, Chan AKM. A microanalysis of expert-student dialogue videos: Supporting preparation and learning for clinical competence assessment. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2022; 26:147-156. [PMID: 33728765 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this qualitative study was to analyse students' perceptions and impact of using a novel video genre designed to support their learning and preparation for a clinical competence assessment. The videos demonstrate expert-student dialogue (ESD) of authentic, one-on-one discourse between the teacher and student, relating to the case presentation and self-evaluation of the assessment. METHODS Students who were about to perform a competence assessment were invited to participate in the study. Students were asked to watch a relevant ESD video they had not previously had access to, which showed the examiner-examinee dialogue relating to a peer's tooth preparation for the competence assessment. Immediately after watching the video, a video simulated recall approach was performed to analyse students' perceptions. Thematic analysis was performed to induce relevant themes. RESULTS Five themes were identified: analysis and judgement, observational learning from expert dialogue, observational learning from student dialogue, self-efficacy and empathy. Positive responses from interviews suggested high cognitive engagement with this video genre with an affective component that was also valued as an informative learning resource. Students reported the video could stimulate them to think, make it easier to remember knowledge, avoid errors observed, and gain insights into assessment process and examiner's expectations. Empathy was also reported towards the examinee in the video. CONCLUSIONS The ESD videos facilitated students' active and analytical thinking as well as improved their assessment preparedness. This video genre has shown how observing ESD can support students' learning and preparation for a clinical competence assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Botelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert K M Chan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Restorative Dental Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Chan AKM, Botelho MG, Lam OLT. An exploration of student access to a learning management system-challenges and recommendations for educators and researchers. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2021; 25:846-855. [PMID: 33470506 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined student access to online resources of a faculty's learning management system (LMS). Issues relating to current e-learning resources usage were identified and formed the basis for recommendations to help assist stakeholders in teaching, learning and research. METHODS Learning analytics from four cohorts of undergraduate dental students were extracted from the database of a LMS spanning between 2012 and 2016. Individual datasets were combined into one master file, re-categorised, filtered and analysed based on cohort, year of study, course and nature of online resource. RESULTS A total of 157,293 access events were documented. The proportion of administrative to learning data varied across cohorts, with oldest cohort having the highest ratio (82:18) in their final year and most recent cohort having a ratio of 33:67 in their 4th year demonstrating a higher proportion to learning. Seven Learning domains were identified in the access data: access to problem-based learning resources was the highest and next was fixed prosthodontics videos. The prosthodontics discipline had the highest access across the curriculum while some others had very limited or even no learning access events. CONCLUSION A number of limitations have been identified with the analytics and learning resources in this LMS and engagement with learning resource provision. More detailed data capture of access use and unique identifiers to resources as well as keyword tagging of the resources are required to allow accurate mapping and support of students learning. Moreover, motivation or nudging of students behaviour to more actively engage with learning content needs exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert K M Chan
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael G Botelho
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Otto L T Lam
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Abd-Shukor SN, Yahaya N, Tamil AM, Botelho MG, Ho TK. Effectiveness of enhanced video-based learning on removable partial denture module. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2021; 25:744-752. [PMID: 33368978 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of video-based learning in dentistry has been widely investigated; however, the nature of on-screen video enhancements of the video has been minimally explored in the literature. This study investigated the effectiveness of an in-class and on-demand enhanced video to support learning on removable partial dentures in terms of knowledge acquisition, perception and clinical skill performance. METHODS Fifty-four dental students enrolled in 2018 were recruited as participants and assigned to two groups. Both groups were given the same lecture and asked to watch the same video in either the enhanced or non-enhanced version. The enhanced video was modified with the contemporaneous subtitle of the presenters' dialogue, text bullet points and summary text pages. The knowledge acquisition from the two types of video was subjected to pre- and post-tests one month after the students watched the video. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the students' perceptions of the learning experience and a performance test on practical skills was performed after six weeks. All the students responded to the test (100%). RESULTS The enhanced video demonstration improved the students' short-term knowledge acquisition after they watched the video, with an average score of 1.59 points higher in the enhanced group than in the non-enhanced group (p < .05). The practical performance did not differ between the two groups. The students were more likely accepted the enhanced video as a replacement of the existing teaching method rather than a teaching supplement (70.3%). CONCLUSION The application of the enhanced video demonstration resulted in a better theoretical knowledge retention but not practical performance. Students also preferred watching video to using conventional learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti N Abd-Shukor
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norziha Yahaya
- Faculty of Dentisty, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azmi M Tamil
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Micheal G Botelho
- Restorative Dental Sciences of the Faculty of Dentistry, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ting K Ho
- Faculty of Dentisty, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Chan AKM, Botelho MG, Lam OLT. The relation of online learning analytics, approaches to learning and academic achievement in a clinical skills course. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2021; 25:442-450. [PMID: 33185309 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined relationships of students' access of e-learning (learning analytics) for a healthcare psychomotor skills course, approaches to learning (R-SPQ-2F psychometric) and academic achievement (summative examination results). An understanding of the relationships may help in supporting students learning. METHODS Two consecutive cohorts of 5th year dental students were asked to complete the R-SPQ-2F questionnaire and permission to access data of online videos and associated quizzes and two summative written examination results were examined. The summative assessments were an OSCA and a written-paper question both in prosthodontics. Multiple linear regression and correlation analysis were performed. RESULTS Students (n=98) performed a total of 10470 video access events and 7714 attempts in online quizzes. Deep learning approach was the strongest predictor variable (β=0.270; P=.004) on written-paper question result. While video and quiz access were moderately correlated (r=0.600; P<.001) to each other, video access was not a significant predictor to either of the examination results. Quiz access was negatively associated with academic achievement for the written-paper question results (β=-0.349; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Only deep approach to learning appeared to be relevant for the written-paper question examination grades. Conversely, the number of video and quiz access did not relate to either examination results. This suggests e-learning access and examinations do not appear to relate under the conditions explored. Other attributes of learning management access may need to be explored to determine if access to learning management systems may be useful in offering remedial support to students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert K M Chan
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael G Botelho
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Otto L T Lam
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Cho A, Lee J, Kim Y, Cho BM, Lee SY, Kong E, Kim M, Kim J, Jung DS, Han S. Effects of education methods on self-efficacy of smoking cessation counseling among medical students. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11408. [PMID: 34012731 PMCID: PMC8109004 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical students need to receive training in providing smoking cessation counseling to provide effective smoking cessation interventions to smokers when they become doctors. This study examined the smoking cessation education curricula and factors affecting counseling self-efficacy (CSE) in smoking cessation treatment among medical students. Methods In a multicenter cross-sectional study, we obtained demographic information, personal history of tobacco use and intention to quit smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke in the school premises during the past week, the experience of learning about tobacco in each medical school, tobacco-related medical knowledge, and self-efficacy in smoking cessation counseling on medical students of four Korean medical schools. Results Among 1,416 medical students eligible, 313 (22.1%) students completed a self-administered questionnaire. Only 20.3% of the students reported positive CSE on smoking cessation. The factors affecting positive CSE were scores of ≥ 60 on tobacco-related medical knowledge, smoking experience, and blended learning (p = 0.014, 0.005, and 0.015, respectively). Conclusion This study shows that high scores in tobacco-related medical knowledge and blended learning are correlated with positive CSE for smoking cessation counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jeonggyu Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - YunJin Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Byung Mann Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Sang Yeoup Lee
- Department of Medical Education, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, South Korea.,Department of Family Medicine and Research Institute of Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Eunhee Kong
- Department of Family Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Department of Medical Education, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jinseung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong Sik Jung
- Department of Infective Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seongho Han
- Department of Family Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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Horne SM, Carr EO, Brent BK, Blackshear CT. Hybridized dental hygiene psychomotor skills instruction: The COVID-19 challenge. J Dent Educ 2021; 85 Suppl 3:1930-1932. [PMID: 33580882 PMCID: PMC8013574 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Horne
- Department of Dental HygieneSchool of DentistryUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Elizabeth O. Carr
- Department of Dental HygieneSchool of DentistryUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Barbara K. Brent
- Department of Dental HygieneSchool of DentistryUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Chad T. Blackshear
- Department of Data ScienceUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
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Peng NL, Ling EKY. The Role of Video-Assisted E-Learning in Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Insertion Training. PRIMER : PEER-REVIEW REPORTS IN MEDICAL EDUCATION RESEARCH 2021; 5:5. [PMID: 33860160 DOI: 10.22454/primer.2021.298435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) insertion is an important procedural skill for primary care physicians. Procedural skill training can be challenging. E-learning has been rapidly employed in medical education. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of a video-assisted e-learning module in knowledge and skill transfer for IUCD insertion training. Methods We used a quasi-experimental, one-group, pre/posttest study design. Thirty-one primary care doctors (family medicine residents and new medial officers) at a primary care training center participated in the study. All participants assessed the e-learning module at the training center. We performed on-site pre/posttests of knowledge and procedural steps (posttest only). We obtained satisfaction with e-learning and perceived confidence level with an anonymous questionnaire survey. Results There was a significant increase in the knowledge test scores from a median interquartile range score of 12 (10-15) to 18 (17-19) post-e-learning (P<.01). All participants attained the minimum passing score of 15 of 20 (75%) post-e-learning. However, only 20 of 31 (64.5%) participants met the minimum passing standard for procedural step test post-e-learning. Ninety-three percent of the participants reported satisfaction with the e-learning course. The median score for confidence level in performing the procedure increased significantly after e-learning. Conclusion The e-learning module may be an effective way of delivering instructional content in procedural training. It provides time and location flexibility and is useful for pretraining. Psychomotor skills for clinical procedures, however, may be difficult to acquire by e-learning alone. It must be supplemented with deliberate practice and hands-on learning in simulation workshops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ng Lai Peng
- SingHealth-Duke NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Singapore
- Singhealth Polyclinics, Singapore
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15
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Botelho M, Gao X, Bhuyan SY. Mixed-methods analysis of videoed expert-student dialogue supporting clinical competence assessments. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2020; 24:398-406. [PMID: 32072733 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This mixed methods study evaluates the use and perceptions of a novel video genre of authentic, in-the-moment expert-student dialogue to support student preparation for a summative clinical competence assessment. METHODS Expert-student dialogue videos were available on the university learning management system (Moodle) for self-directed access for a fixed prosthodontics course. These comprised 3 categories of video relating to dialogic episodes of previous student's performance relating to a clinical competence assessment. These were as follows: case suitability, case discussion and self-evaluation. Fourteen students who were taking the competence test and had watched the supporting videos were invited for focus group interviews. Twelve students participated in three focus groups within 24 hours of the assessment and the audio recordings were analysed. A thematic analysis was performed using an inductive approach. Video access data were also retrieved and analysed based on when the videos were watched. RESULTS Three key themes were identified: assessment preparation, enhanced learning and affordance phenomena. By accessing the videos, students gained insights into the case suitability, assessment process and criteria, and the examiners' expectations. They reported reduced uncertainty and stress, improved confidence and better preparedness for the assessment. Students also reported this video genre stimulated higher-order thinking and provided a broader clinical experience. A diverse array of viewing patterns was observed immediately before the assessment and across the year. For the focus group of students, they watched 65% of all their videos for the prosthodontics course one week before their competency testing periods. CONCLUSION The expert-student dialogue videos that captured peers clinical competence tests improved students' assessment literacy, increased their assessment preparedness, reduced stress and enriched their learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Botelho
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore city, Singapore
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Botelho MG. Evaluation of student use of videos to support learning in a simulation laboratory course: A perception and analytics approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 10:e12453. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Botelho
- Faculty of Dentistry The Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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Suner A, Yilmaz Y, Pişkin B. Mobile learning in dentistry: usage habits, attitudes and perceptions of undergraduate students. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7391. [PMID: 31392099 PMCID: PMC6673424 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate usage habits, attitudes and perceptions towards mobile learning (m-learning), as well as to identify variables related to those attitudes amongst undergraduate dental students. Materials and Methods The study consists of 81 dental undergraduate students who who volunteered to participate. The data collection tool consists of an m-learning attitude scale, a questionnaire, and open-ended questions. To compare the total scores and factors of m-learning attitude scale for demographic information and mobile technology usage habits of the students; the Mann-Whitney U test was used for two independent groups such as gender, presence of electronic devices, and places of Internet usage. The Kruskal-Wallis test was also used to compare the total scores and factors of m-learning attitude scale for more than two independent groups including internet usage purposes and opinions. Spearman's correlation coefficient was performed, and linear regression analysis was used to predict the change in total score according to the purposes of Internet usage. Results The majority of students thought that the use of mobile devices in dentistry courses was useful and their attitudes towards m-learning were high. The students generally use the Internet for online shopping, connecting to social networks, and communication. They tend to use mobile technologies for personal use, followed by educational purposes. There were significant differences found in the m-learning attitudes for gender, having a portable power supply and use of mobile devices in dentistry courses. Communication was found significant in predicting the change in total score for the m-learning attitude scale according to the purpose of Internet usage. Conclusion Dental students have generally positive attitudes towards m-learning. Students raise awareness towards the promise of m-learning in order to apply their individual technology use and learning behaviours. Designing learning materials and applications for mobile devices may increase students' performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Suner
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics/Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Education/Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Beyser Pişkin
- Division of Endodontology/School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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