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Pretelli G, Mati K, Motta L, Stathis A. Antibody-drug conjugates combinations in cancer treatment. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:714-741. [PMID: 38966169 PMCID: PMC11222717 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a promising class of anticancer agents. Currently, the Food and Drug Administration has granted approval to 12 compounds, with 2 later undergoing withdrawal. Moreover, several other compounds are currently under clinical development at different stages. Despite substantial antitumoral activity observed among different tumor types, adverse events and the development of resistance represent significant challenges in their use. Over the last years, an increasing number of clinical trials have been testing these drugs in different combinations with other anticancer agents, such as traditional chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and small targeted agents, reporting promising results based on possible synergistic effects and a potential for improved treatment outcomes among different tumor types. Here we will review combinations of ADCs with other antitumor agents aiming at describing the current state of the art and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Pretelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kleida Mati
- Oncology Unit, SALUS Hospital, 1000 Tirana, Albania
| | - Lucia Motta
- Medical Oncology Unit, Humanitas Istituto Clinico Catanese, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anastasios Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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Zhong L, Yang B, Zhang Z, Wang J, Wang X, Guo Y, Huang W, Wang Q, Cai G, Xia F, Zhou S, Ma S, Nie Y, Lei J, Li M, Liu P, Deng W, Liu Y, Han F, Wang J. Targeting autophagy peptidase ATG4B with a novel natural product inhibitor Azalomycin F4a for advanced gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:161. [PMID: 35184132 PMCID: PMC8858318 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Advanced gastric cancer (GCa) remains highly lethal due to the lack of effective therapies. Identifying promising therapeutic targets and developing effective treatment against GCa are urgently needed. Through mRNA and protein analysis of GCa clinical tumor samples, we found that autophagy-related gene 4B (ATG4B) was overexpressed in GCa tumors and that its high expression was associated with patients’ poor prognosis. Knockdown of ATG4B significantly inhibited GCa cell survival and tumor growth. To further probe the role of ATG4B in GCa by pharmacological means, we screened an in-house marine natural compound library against ATG4B and identified Azalomycin F4a (Am-F4a) as a novel and potent ATG4B inhibitor. Am-F4a directly bound to ATG4B with high affinity and effectively suppressed GCa cell autophagy via inhibition of ATG4B both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Am-F4a or ATG4B knockdown significantly suppressed tumor growth as well as GCa cell migration and invasion. Am-F4a effectively blocked the metastatic progression of primary GCa and sensitized tumors to chemotherapy. Taken together, our findings indicate that ATG4B is a potential therapeutic target against GCa and the natural product Am-F4a is a novel ATG4B inhibitor that can be further developed for the treatment of GCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junfeng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510301, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, No.168, Litang Road, Changping District, 102218, Beijing, China
| | - Yinfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodi Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Xia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengning Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yichu Nie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510301, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanghai Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Junjian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, 510006, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Millul J, Krudewig C, Zana A, Dakhel Plaza S, Puca E, Villa A, Neri D, Cazzamalli S. Immunotherapy with Immunocytokines and PD-1 Blockade Enhances the Anticancer Activity of Small Molecule-Drug Conjugates Targeting Carbonic Anhydrase IX. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 20:512-522. [PMID: 33443104 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs) represent an alternative to conventional antitumor chemotherapeutic agents, with the potential to improve the therapeutic window of cytotoxic payloads through active delivery at the site of the disease. In this article, we describe novel combination therapies consisting of anti-carbonic anhydrase IX SMDCs combined with different immunomodulatory products. The therapeutic effect of the SMDCs was potentiated by combination with PD-1 blockade and with tumor-homing antibody-cytokine fusions in mouse models of renal cell carcinoma and colorectal cancer. The combination with L19-IL12, a fusion protein specific to the alternatively spliced EDB domain of fibronectin containing the murine IL12 moiety, was also active against large established tumors. Analysis of the microscopic structures of healthy organs performed 3 months after tumor eradication confirmed absence of pathologic abnormalities in the healthy kidney, liver, lung, stomach, and intestine. Our findings may be of clinical significance as they provide motivation for the development of combinations based on SMDCs and immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christiane Krudewig
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
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Jeong HY, Kim H, Lee M, Hong J, Lee JH, Kim J, Choi MJ, Park YS, Kim SC. Development of HER2-Specific Aptamer-Drug Conjugate for Breast Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249764. [PMID: 33371333 PMCID: PMC7767363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, HER2 RNA aptamers were conjugated to mertansine (DM1) and the anti-cancer effectiveness of the conjugate was evaluated in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer models. The conjugate of HER2 aptamer and anticancer drug DM1 (aptamer-drug conjugate, ApDC) was prepared and analyzed using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The cell-binding affinity and cytotoxicity of the conjugate were determined using confocal microscopy and WST-1 assay. The in vivo anti-tumoral efficacy of ApDC was also evaluated in mice carrying BT-474 breast tumors overexpressing HER2. The synthesized HER2-specific RNA aptamers were able to specifically and efficiently bind to HER-positive BT-474 breast cancer cells, but not to HER2-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Also, the HER2-specific ApDC showed strong toxicity to the target cells, BT-474, but not to MDA-MB-231 cells. According to the in vivo analyses drawn from the mouse xenografts of BT-747 tumor, the ApDC was able to more effectively inhibit the tumor growth. Compared to the control group, the mice treated with the ApDC showed a significant reduction of tumor growth. Besides, any significant body weight losses or hepatic toxicities were monitored in the ApDC-treated mice. This research suggests the HER2 aptamer-DM1 conjugate as a target-specific anti-cancer modality and provides experimental evidence supporting its enhanced effectiveness for HER2-overexpressing target tumors. This type of aptamer-conjugated anticancer drug would be utilized as a platform structure for the development of versatile targeted high-performance anticancer drugs by adopting the easy deformability and high affinity of aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Yeon Jeong
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Hyeri Kim
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Myunghwa Lee
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Jinju Hong
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Joo Han Lee
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Jeonghyeon Kim
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
| | - Moon Jung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Korea;
| | - Yong Serk Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Korea;
- Correspondence: (Y.S.P.); (S.-C.K.); Tel.: +82-33-760-2448 (Y.S.P.); +82-2-6959-0363 (S.-C.K.)
| | - Sung-Chun Kim
- Biois Co., Ltd., Seoul 08390, Korea; (H.Y.J.); (H.K.); (M.L.); (J.H.); (J.H.L.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.S.P.); (S.-C.K.); Tel.: +82-33-760-2448 (Y.S.P.); +82-2-6959-0363 (S.-C.K.)
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