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Wang R, Zhu L, Gao H, Zhang M, Fan Y, Lin C, Shen P, Gao H. Dorsomedial hypothalamus-raphe pallidus-cardiac sympathetic pathway mediates electroacupuncture intervention of stress-induced tachycardia. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:589-597. [PMID: 38416698 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00036.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Electroacupuncture at Neiguan point (PC6) effectively ameliorates tachycardia. However, very little is known about the neural pathway mechanism underlying the effect of electroacupuncture at PC6 in stress-induced tachycardia. Here, we investigate whether there exists a dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)-raphe pallidus (RP)-heart pathway to mediate the effect of electroacupuncture at PC6. The virus tracing results show that the heart is innervated by the neurons in DMH and RP, and the neurons of DMH project to RP. Chemogenetic inhibition of RP projecting DMH neurons reverses the cardiac autonomic imbalance and tachycardia induced by stress. Of note, immunofluorescence results show that the neural activity of DMH and RP is inhibited by electroacupuncture at PC6 accompanied with improved cardiac autonomic imbalance and tachycardia under stress. Moreover, chemogenetic inhibition of RP projecting DMH neurons cannot affect autonomic nervous activity and heart rate of stress rats after administrating electroacupuncture at PC6.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study suggests that this dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH)-raphe pallidus (RP)-cardiac sympathetic pathway involves in the improvement of cardiac dysfunction associated with stress by administrating electroacupuncture at PC6, thus providing beneficial information for the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent stress-induced cardiovascular diseases, and insight into neural pathway basis for electroacupuncture at PC6 intervention of cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwen Wang
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyuan Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Fan
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbo Lin
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Shen
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Heren Gao
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Meridian Viscera Correlationship, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, and School of Life Sciences, University of Science Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Fontes MAP, Marins FR, Patel TA, de Paula CA, Dos Santos Machado LR, de Sousa Lima ÉB, Ventris-Godoy AC, Viana ACR, Linhares ICS, Xavier CH, Filosa JA, Patel KP. Neurogenic Background for Emotional Stress-Associated Hypertension. Curr Hypertens Rep 2023; 25:107-116. [PMID: 37058193 PMCID: PMC10103037 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01235-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The response to natural stressors involves both cardiac stimulation and vascular changes, primarily triggered by increases in sympathetic activity. These effects lead to immediate flow redistribution that provides metabolic support to priority target organs combined with other key physiological responses and cognitive strategies, against stressor challenges. This extremely well-orchestrated response that was developed over millions of years of evolution is presently being challenged, over a short period of time. In this short review, we discuss the neurogenic background for the origin of emotional stress-induced hypertension, focusing on sympathetic pathways from related findings in humans and animals. RECENT FINDINGS The urban environment offers a variety of psychological stressors. Real or anticipatory, emotional stressors may increase baseline sympathetic activity. From routine day-to-day traffic stress to job-related anxiety, chronic or abnormal increases in sympathetic activity caused by emotional stressors can lead to cardiovascular events, including cardiac arrhythmias, increases in blood pressure and even sudden death. Among the various alterations proposed, chronic stress could modify neuroglial circuits or compromise antioxidant systems that may alter the responsiveness of neurons to stressful stimuli. These phenomena lead to increases in sympathetic activity, hypertension and consequent cardiovascular diseases. The link between anxiety, emotional stress, and hypertension may result from an altered neuronal firing rate in central pathways controlling sympathetic activity. The participation of neuroglial and oxidative mechanisms in altered neuronal function is primarily involved in enhanced sympathetic outflow. The significance of the insular cortex-dorsomedial hypothalamic pathway in the evolution of enhanced overall sympathetic outflow is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antônio Peliky Fontes
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Ribeiro Marins
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Tapan A Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Cristiane Amorim de Paula
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Liliane Ramos Dos Santos Machado
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Érick Bryan de Sousa Lima
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Ventris-Godoy
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Ana Clara Rocha Viana
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | - Isadora Cristina Souza Linhares
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270 901, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kaushik P Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Schaeuble D, Myers B. Cortical–Hypothalamic Integration of Autonomic and Endocrine Stress Responses. Front Physiol 2022; 13:820398. [PMID: 35222086 PMCID: PMC8874315 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.820398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are exacerbated by chronic stress exposure. While stress-induced sympathetic activity and elevated glucocorticoid secretion impair cardiovascular health, the mechanisms by which stress-responsive brain regions integrate autonomic and endocrine stress responses remain unclear. This review covers emerging literature on how specific cortical and hypothalamic nuclei regulate cardiovascular and neuroendocrine stress responses. We will also discuss the current understanding of the cellular and circuit mechanisms mediating physiological stress responses. Altogether, the reviewed literature highlights the current state of stress integration research, as well unanswered questions about the brain basis of CVD risk.
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De Herdt V. From bedside to bench and back. Eur J Neurol 2021; 28:3547. [PMID: 34309146 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veerle De Herdt
- Department of Neurology and 4BRAIN Laboratory, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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