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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Alleviates Irradiation Induced Salivary Gland Hypofunction through Preserving Endothelial Cells and Resident Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102050. [PMID: 36290773 PMCID: PMC9598384 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy for head-and-neck cancers frequently causes long-term hypofunction of salivary glands that severely compromises quality of life and is difficult to treat. Here, we studied effects and mechanisms of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a versatile signaling sphingolipid, in preventing irreversible dry mouth caused by radiotherapy. Mouse submandibular glands (SMGs) were irradiated with or without intra-SMG S1P pretreatment. The saliva flow rate was measured following pilocarpine stimulation. The expression of genes related to S1P signaling and radiation damage was examined by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, and/or single-cell RNA-sequencing. S1P pretreatment ameliorated irradiation-induced salivary dysfunction in mice through a decrease in irradiation-induced oxidative stress and consequent apoptosis and cellular senescence, which is related to the enhancement of Nrf2-regulated anti-oxidative response. In mouse SMGs, endothelial cells and resident macrophages are the major cells capable of producing S1P and expressing the pro-regenerative S1P receptor S1pr1. Both mouse SMGs and human endothelial cells are protected from irradiation damage by S1P pretreatment, likely through the S1pr1/Akt/eNOS axis. Moreover, intra-SMG-injected S1P did not affect the growth and radiosensitivity of head-and-neck cancer in a mouse model. These data indicate that S1P signaling pathway is a promising target for alleviating irradiation-induced salivary gland hypofunction.
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Cai J, Yang J, Chen X, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Liu Q, Zhang Z. Melatonin ameliorates trimethyltin chloride-induced cardiotoxicity: The role of nuclear xenobiotic metabolism and Keap1-Nrf2/ARE axis-mediated pyroptosis. Biofactors 2022; 48:481-497. [PMID: 34570919 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is a stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride plastics that causes serious health hazards in nontarget organisms. Melatonin (MT) exhibits powerful protective effects in cardiac diseases. As a new environmental pollutant, TMT-induced cardiotoxicity and the protective effects of MT remain unclear. To explore this, the mice were treated with TMT (2.8 mg/kg) and/or MT (10 mg/kg) for 7 days. Firstly, the histopathological and ultrastructural evaluation showed that TMT induced cardiac damage, tumescent rupture and nuclear pyknosis. Moreover, TMT elevated the expressions of pyroptosis genes NLRP3, ASC and Cas1 and inflammation factors IL-6, IL-17 and TNFα. Secondly, TMT reduced antioxidant enzymes (GSH, CAT and T-AOC) via decreasing the expression of genes associated with the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE pathway to increase oxidative stress. Thirdly, TMT decreased the expression of genes associated with the ARE-driven drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), including Akr7a3, Akr1b8, and Akr1b10. Besides, TMT upregulated the mRNA expression of nuclear Xenobiotic metabolism on cytochrome P450s enzymes via increasing the expression of CAR, PXP, and AHR genes. Furthermore, MT treatment mitigated the aforementioned adverse changes induced by TMT. Overall, these results demonstrated that TMT caused pyroptosis and inflammation to aggravate cardiac damage via inducing excessive oxidative stress, imbalance of DMEs homeostasis, and nuclear Xenobiotic metabolism disorder, which could be alleviated by MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzeng Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Harbin, P.R. China
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Comparison of antagonistic effects of nanoparticle-selenium, selenium-enriched yeast and sodium selenite against cadmium-induced cardiotoxicity via AHR/CAR/PXR/Nrf2 pathways activation. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 105:108992. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Atrazine-induced environmental nephrosis was mitigated by lycopene via modulating nuclear xenobiotic receptors-mediated response. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 51:80-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wajda A, Łapczuk J, Grabowska M, Pius-Sadowska E, Słojewski M, Laszczynska M, Urasinska E, Machalinski B, Drozdzik M. Cell and region specificity of Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) system in the testis and the epididymis. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 69:286-296. [PMID: 28341572 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays multiple important functions in adaptive responses. Exposure to AhR ligands may produce an altered metabolic activity controlled by the AhR pathways, and consequently affect drug/toxin responses, hormonal status and cellular homeostasis. This research revealed species-, cell- and region-specific pattern of the AhR system expression in the rat and human testis and epididymis, complementing the existing knowledge, especially within the epididymal segments. The study showed that AhR level in the rat and human epididymis is higher than in the testis. The downregulation of AhR expression after TCDD treatment was revealed in the spermatogenic cells at different stages and the epididymal epithelial cells, but not in the Sertoli and Leydig cells. Hence, this basic research provides information about the AhR function in the testis and epididymis, which may provide an insight into deleterious effects of drugs, hormones and environmental pollutants on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wajda
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - J Łapczuk
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Grabowska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - E Pius-Sadowska
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Poland
| | - M Słojewski
- Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - M Laszczynska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - E Urasinska
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - B Machalinski
- Department of General Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University, Poland
| | - M Drozdzik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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Drozdzik A, Kowalczyk R, Lipski M, Łapczuk J, Urasinska E, Kurzawski M. The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in the pathology of pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 61:53-9. [PMID: 26513682 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) is one of the most common salivary gland tumors. However, molecular mechanisms implicated in its development are not entirely defined. Therefore, the study aimed at definition of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) involvement in pleomorphic adenoma pathology, as the AhR controlled gene system was documented to play a role in development of various human tumors. DESIGN The study was carried out in pleomorphic adenoma and control parotid gland tissues where gene expression of AHR, AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT), AhR repressor (AHRR), as well as AhR controlled genes: CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, at mRNA and protein (immunohistochemistry) levels were studied. Functional evaluation of AhR system was evaluated in HSY cells (human parotid gland adenocarcinoma cells) using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) as AhR specific inducer. RESULTS Pleomorphic adenoma specimens showed cytoplasmic and nuclear AhR expression in epithelial cells as well as in mesenchymal cells. In parotid gland AhR was expressed in cytoplasm of duct cells. Quantitative expression at mRNA level showed significantly higher expression of AHR, ARNT and CYP1B1, and comparable levels of CYP1A1 in pleomorphic adenoma tissue in comparison to healthy parotid gland. The HSY cell study revealed significantly higher expression level of AHRR in HSY as compared with MCF-7 cells (human breast adenocarcinoma cell line used as reference). Upon TCDD stimulation a drop in AHRR level in HSY cells and an increase in MCF-7 cells were observed. The HSY and MCF-7 cell proliferation rate (measured by WST-1 test) was not affected by TCDD. CONCLUSIONS Summarizing both in vitro and in vivo observations it can be stated that AhR system may play a role in the pathology of pleomorphic adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Drozdzik
- Department of General Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Robert Kowalczyk
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wlk 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Lipski
- Department of Preclinical Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry, Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Łapczuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Urasinska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Pomeranian Medical University, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstancow Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Droździk A, Kowalczyk R, Jaworowska E, Urasińska E, Kurzawski M. The role of Nrf2 in pathology of pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1243-8. [PMID: 25928388 PMCID: PMC4427022 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) is one of the most common salivary gland tumors. However, the processes involved in its carcinogenesis are not well defined. This study aimed to define the contribution of Nfr2 (nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) to pleomorphic adenoma pathology. The Nrf2-controlled gene system is one of the most critical cytoprotective mechanisms, providing antioxidant responses. Material/Methods The study was carried out in pleomorphic adenoma and control parotid gland tissues, investigating gene expression of NFE2L2, as well as KEAP1 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1) and NQO1 (quinone oxidoreductase), at mRNA and protein (immunohistochemistry) levels. Functional evaluation of Nrf2 system in the parotid gland was evaluated in HSY cells (human parotid gland adenocarcinoma cells). Results Pleomorphic adenoma specimens showed cytoplasmic and nuclear Nfr2 expression in epithelial cells, as well as more variable lower Nrf2 level in mesenchymal cells. In the parotid gland, Nrf2 was expressed in cytoplasm of serous, mucous, and duct cells. Nuclear Nrf2 expression was predominantly seen in serous cells, whereas mucous and duct cells were mostly negative. Comparable mRNA levels of NFE2L2 and NQO1 genes and significantly higher expression of KEAP1 in pleomorphic adenoma were seen. HSY cell incubation with oltipraz demonstrated significant elevation of NFE2L2 after 24 and 48 hours of stimulation, whereas NQO1 was elevated, but significantly only after 24 hours, and KEAP1 expression remained unchanged. Conclusions Summarizing both in vitro and in vivo observations, it can be stated that Nrf2 may play a role in the pathology of pleomorphic adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Droździk
- Department of General Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Kowalczyk
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Jaworowska
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Urasińska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kurzawski
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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