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Calabrese A, Weeks SC. Testing a behavioral model for the maintenance of androdioecy as a result of sexual conflict in the clam shrimp
Eulimnadia dahli. Ethology 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eth.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mongue AJ, Michaelides S, Coombe O, Tena A, Kim DS, Normark BB, Gardner A, Hoddle MS, Ross L. Sex, males, and hermaphrodites in the scale insect Icerya purchasi. Evolution 2021; 75:2972-2983. [PMID: 33844310 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Androdioecy (the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites) is a rare mating system for which the evolutionary dynamics are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi, one of only three reported cases of androdioecy in insects. In this species, female-like hermaphrodites have been shown to produce sperm and self-fertilize. However, males are ocassionally observed as well. In a large genetic analysis, we show for the first time that, although self-fertilization appears to be the primary mode of reproduction, rare outbreeding events do occur in natural populations, supporting the hypothesis that hermaphrodites mate with males and hence androdioecy is the mating system of I. purchasi. Thus, this globally invasive pest insect appears to enjoy the colonization advantages of a selfing organism while also benefitting from periodic reintroduction of genetic variation through outbreeding with males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Mongue
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, United Kingdom
| | - Sozos Michaelides
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.,Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Oliver Coombe
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Tena
- Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agràries (IVIA), Centre de Protecció Vegetal i Biotecnologia, Unitat d'Entomologia, Moncada, 46113, Spain
| | - Dong-Soon Kim
- Majors in Plant Resource Sciences and Environment, College of Applied Life Science, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Benjamin B Normark
- Department of Biology and Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003
| | - Andy Gardner
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.,School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TH, United Kingdom
| | - Mark S Hoddle
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California, 92521
| | - Laura Ross
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, United Kingdom.,Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.,Department of Biology and Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003
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Mioduchowska M, Czyż MJ, Gołdyn B, Kilikowska A, Namiotko T, Pinceel T, Łaciak M, Sell J. Detection of bacterial endosymbionts in freshwater crustaceans: the applicability of non-degenerate primers to amplify the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. PeerJ 2018; 6:e6039. [PMID: 30581663 PMCID: PMC6296333 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endosymbionts of aquatic invertebrates remain poorly studied. This is at least partly due to a lack of suitable techniques and primers for their identification. We designed a pair of non-degenerate primers which enabled us to amplify a fragment of ca. 500 bp of the 16S rRNA gene from various known bacterial endosymbiont species. By using this approach, we identified four bacterial endosymbionts, two endoparasites and one uncultured bacterium in seven, taxonomically diverse, freshwater crustacean hosts from temporary waters across a wide geographical area. The overall efficiency of our new WOLBSL and WOLBSR primers for amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was 100%. However, if different bacterial species from one sample were amplified simultaneously, sequences were illegible, despite a good quality of PCR products. Therefore, we suggest using our primers at the first stage of bacterial endosymbiont identification. Subsequently, genus specific primers are recommended. Overall, in the era of next-generation sequencing our method can be used as a first simple and low-cost approach to identify potential microbial symbionts associated with freshwater crustaceans using simple Sanger sequencing. The potential to detected bacterial symbionts in various invertebrate hosts in such a way will facilitate studies on host-symbiont interactions and coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mioduchowska
- Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Jan Czyż
- Research Centre of Quarantine, Invasive and Genetically Modified Organisms, Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Gołdyn
- Department of General Zoology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrianna Kilikowska
- Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Namiotko
- Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Tom Pinceel
- Animal Ecology, Global Change and Sustainable Development, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Małgorzata Łaciak
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sell
- Department of Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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