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Kabalan BA, Reisinger AJ, Pintor LM, Scarasso MA, Reisinger LS. Intraspecific variation in crayfish behavioral traits affects leaf litter breakdown in streams. Oecologia 2024:10.1007/s00442-024-05593-0. [PMID: 38995365 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Although intraspecific trait variation is increasingly recognized as affecting ecosystem processes, few studies have examined the ecological significance of among-population variation in behavioral traits in natural ecosystems. In freshwater habitats, crayfish are consumers that can influence ecosystem structure (e.g., macroinvertebrate communities) and function (e.g., leaf litter breakdown). To test whether crayfish behavioral traits (activity, boldness, and foraging voracity) are major contributors of leaf litter breakdown rates in the field, we collected rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) from eight streams across the midwestern USA and measured behaviors using laboratory assays. At the same streams, we measured breakdown rates of leaf packs that were accessible or inaccessible to crayfish. Our results provide evidence that among-population variation in crayfish boldness and foraging voracity was a strong predictor of leaf litter breakdown rates, even after accounting for commonly appreciated environmental drivers (water temperature and human land use). Our results suggest that less bold rusty populations (i.e., emerged from shelter more slowly) had greater direct impacts on leaf litter breakdown than bold populations (P = 0.001, r2 = 0.85), potentially because leaf packs can be both a shelter and food resource to crayfish. Additionally, we found that foraging voracity was negatively related to breakdown rates in leaf packs that were inaccessible to crayfish (P = 0.025, r2 = 0.60), potentially due to a trophic cascade from crayfish preying on other invertebrates that consume leaf litter. Overall, our results add to the growing evidence that trait variation in animals may be important for understanding freshwater ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bana A Kabalan
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA.
| | - Alexander J Reisinger
- Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Lauren M Pintor
- Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Marco A Scarasso
- Environment and Natural Resources, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Lindsey S Reisinger
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32653, USA
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2
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Dragičević P, Rosado D, Bielen A, Hudina S. Host-related traits influence the microbial diversity of the invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 202:108039. [PMID: 38097037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2023.108039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome influences a variety of host-environment interactions, and there is mounting evidence of its significant role in biological invasions. During invasion, shifts in microbial diversity and function can occur due to both changing characteristics of the novel environment and physiological condition of the host. The signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is one of the most successful crayfish invaders in Europe. During range expansion, its populations often exhibit differences in many traits along the invasion range, including sex-composition, size-structure and aggressiveness, but to date it was not studied whether crayfish traits can also drive changes in the host microbiome. Thus, we used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to examine the effects of host-related traits, namely total length (TL), body condition index (FCF), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and sex on the microbial diversity of the signal crayfish. We examined both external (exoskeletal) and internal (intestinal, hepatopancreatic, hemolymph) microbiomes of 110 signal crayfish individuals from four sites along its invasion range in the Korana River, Croatia. While sex did not exhibit a significant effect on the microbial diversity in any of the examined tissues, exoskeletal, intestinal and hemolymph microbial diversity significantly decreased with increasing crayfish size. Additionally, significant effects of signal crayfish condition (FCF, HSI) on microbial diversity were recorded in the hepatopancreas, a main energy storage organ in crayfish that supports reproduction and growth and also regulates immune response. Our findings provide a baseline for evaluating the contribution of microbiome to an invader's overall health, fitness and subsequent invasion success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Dragičević
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniela Rosado
- S2AQUA - Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Avenida Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Ana Bielen
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Kršnjavoga 25, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Hudina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, Zagreb, Croatia.
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3
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Bensky MK, Bell AM. A Behavioral Syndrome Linking Boldness and Flexibility Facilitates Invasion Success in Sticklebacks. Am Nat 2022; 200:846-856. [PMID: 36409977 PMCID: PMC9756172 DOI: 10.1086/721765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
AbstractFor a species to expand its range, it needs to be good at dispersing and also capable of exploiting resources and adapting to different environments. Therefore, behavioral and cognitive traits could play key roles in facilitating invasion success. Marine threespined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) have repeatedly colonized freshwater environments and rapidly adapted to them. Here, by comparing the behavior of hundreds of lab-reared sticklebacks from six different populations, we show that marine sticklebacks are bold, while sticklebacks that have become established in freshwater lakes are flexible. Moreover, boldness and flexibility are negatively correlated with one another at the individual, family, and population levels. These results support the hypothesis that boldness is favored in invaders during the initial dispersal stage, while flexibility is favored in recent immigrants during the establishment stage, and they suggest that the link between boldness and flexibility facilitates success during both the dispersal stage and the establishment stage. This study adds to the growing body of work showing the importance of behavioral correlations in facilitating colonization success in sticklebacks and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles K. Bensky
- Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Alison M. Bell
- Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology and Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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4
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Mühlenhaupt M, Baxter-Gilbert J, Makhubo BG, Riley JL, Measey J. No evidence for innate differences in tadpole behavior between natural, urbanized, and invasive populations. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022; 76:11. [PMID: 35002046 PMCID: PMC8727469 DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Animals are increasingly challenged to respond to novel or rapidly changing habitats due to urbanization and/or displacement outside their native range by humans. Behavioral differences, such as increased boldness (i.e., propensity for risk-taking), are often observed in animals persisting in novel environments; however, in many cases, it is unclear how these differences arise (e.g., through developmental plasticity or evolution) or when they arise (i.e., at what age or developmental stage). In the Guttural Toad (Sclerophrys gutturalis), adult urban toads from both native and invasive ranges are bolder than conspecifics in natural habitats. Here, we reared Guttural Toad tadpoles in a common garden experiment, and tested for innate differences in boldness across their development and between individuals whose parents and lineage came from rural-native, urban-native, and urban-invasive localities (i.e., origin populations). Tadpoles did not differ in their boldness or in how their boldness changed over ontogeny based on their origin populations. In general, tadpoles typically became less bold as they aged, irrespective of origin population. Our findings indicate that differences in boldness in free-living adult Guttural Toads are not innate in the tadpole stage and we discuss three possible mechanisms driving phenotypic divergence in adult boldness for the focus of future research: habitat-dependent developmental effects on tadpole behavior, decoupled evolution between the tadpole and adult stage, and/or behavioral flexibility, learning, or acclimatization during the adult stage. Significance statement To determine if animals can persist in urban areas or become invasive outside their native ranges, it is important to understand how they adapt to life in the city. Our study investigates if differences in boldness that have been found in adult Guttural Toads (Sclerophrys gutturalis) represent heritable differences that can also be found in early life stages by rearing tadpoles from eggs in a common garden experiment. We did not find any differences in boldness among tadpoles from rural-native, urban-native, and urban-invasive origin populations. Our findings suggest that differences in boldness are not innate and/or that boldness is a behavioral trait that is decoupled between the tadpole and the adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Mühlenhaupt
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 1-3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape 7600 South Africa
| | - James Baxter-Gilbert
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape 7600 South Africa
| | - Buyisile G Makhubo
- College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 91 Ridge Rd, Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville 3201 South Africa
| | - Julia L Riley
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape 7600 South Africa.,Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada.,Department of Biology, Mount Allison University, Sackville, New Brunswick E4L 1E2 Canada
| | - John Measey
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape 7600 South Africa
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5
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Mühlenhaupt M, Baxter-Gilbert J, Makhubo BG, Riley JL, Measey J. Growing up in a new world: trait divergence between rural, urban, and invasive populations of an amphibian urban invader. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.69.67995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cities are focal points of introduction for invasive species. Urban evolution might facilitate the success of invasive species in recipient urban habitats. Here we test this hypothesis by rearing tadpoles of a successful amphibian urban coloniser and invader in a common garden environment. We compared growth rate, morphological traits, swimming performance, and developmental rate of guttural toad tadpoles (Sclerophrys gutturalis) from native rural, native urban, and non-native urban habitats. By measuring these traits across ontogeny, we were also able to compare divergence across different origins as the tadpoles develop. The tadpoles of non-native urban origin showed significantly slower developmental rate (e.g., the proportion of tadpoles reaching Gosner stage 31 or higher was lower at age 40 days) than tadpoles of native urban origin. Yet, tadpoles did not differ in growth rate or any morphological or performance trait examined, and none of these traits showed divergent ontogenetic changes between tadpoles of different origin. These findings suggest that prior adaptation to urban habitats in larval traits likely does not play an important role in facilitating the invasion success of guttural toads into other urban habitats. Instead, we suggest that evolutionary changes in larval traits after colonization (e.g., developmental rate), together with decoupling of other traits and phenotypic plasticity might explain how this species succeeded in colonising extra-limital urban habitats.
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Kojima W, Nakakura T, Fukuda A, Lin C, Harada M, Hashimoto Y, Kawachi A, Suhama S, Yamamoto R. Latitudinal cline of larval growth rate and its proximate mechanisms in a rhinoceros beetle. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kojima
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Tatsunori Nakakura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Ayumi Fukuda
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Chung‐Ping Lin
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Masahiro Harada
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Yuki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Aika Kawachi
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Shiho Suhama
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan
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7
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Grimm J, Dick JT, Verreycken H, Jeschke JM, Linzmaier S, Ricciardi A. Context-dependent differences in the functional responses of conspecific native and non-native crayfishes. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.54.38668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species are proliferating globally and cause a range of impacts, necessitating risk assessment and prioritization prior to management action. Experimentally derived estimates of per capita effects (e.g. functional responses) have been advocated as predictors of field impacts of potential invaders. However, risk assessments based on estimates from single populations can be misleading if per capita effects vary greatly across space and time. Here, we present a large-scale, multi-population comparison of per capita effects of the American spinycheek crayfish, Faxonius (formerly Orconectes) limosus—a species with an extensive invasion history in eastern North America and Europe. Functional responses were measured on individuals from six geographically disparate populations of F. limosus in its native and invaded ranges on two continents. These revealed inter-population differences in both the maximum feeding rate and functional response type that could not be explained by the biogeographic origin of the population nor by time since the invasion. We propose that other differences in source communities (including the presence of competitors) impose selective pressures for phenotypic traits that result in dissimilar per capita effects. We also compared functional responses of the congeners F. limosus and F. virilis in the presence and absence of potential competitors to examine indirect competitive effects on feeding behaviour. The maximum feeding rate of F. limosus, but not F. virilis, was suppressed in the presence of heterospecific and conspecific competitors, demonstrating how the per capita effects of these species can differ across biotic contexts. In the competitor-presence experiments, individuals from the invasive population of F. limosus consistently had a higher maximum feeding rate than those of the native F. virilis, regardless of treatment. Our results caution against invasion risk assessments that use information from only one (or a few) populations or that do not consider the biotic context of target habitats. We conclude that comparative functional responses offer a rapid assessment tool for invader ecological impacts under context dependencies when multiple populations are analyzed.
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8
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Fryxell DC, Wood ZT, Robinson R, Kinnison MT, Palkovacs EP. Eco-evolutionary feedbacks link prey adaptation to predator performance. Biol Lett 2019; 15:20190626. [PMID: 31744415 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eco-evolutionary feedbacks may determine the outcome of predator-prey interactions in nature, but little work has been done to quantify the feedback effect of short-term prey adaptation on predator performance. We tested the effects of prey availability and recent (less than 100 years) prey adaptation on the feeding and growth rate of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), foraging on western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis). Field surveys showed higher densities and larger average body sizes of mosquitofish in recently introduced populations without bass. Over a six-week mesocosm experiment, bass were presented with either a high or low availability of mosquitofish prey from recently established populations either naive or experienced with bass. Naive mosquitofish were larger, less cryptic and more vulnerable to bass predation compared to their experienced counterparts. Bass consumed more naive prey, grew more quickly with naive prey, and grew more quickly per unit biomass of naive prey consumed. The effect of mosquitofish history with the bass on bass growth was similar in magnitude to the effect of mosquitofish availability. In showing that recently derived predation-related prey phenotypes strongly affect predator performance, this study supports the presence of reciprocal predator-prey trait feedbacks in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Fryxell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA.,School of Environment, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Zachary T Wood
- School of Biology and Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Rebecca Robinson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Michael T Kinnison
- School of Biology and Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences Program, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Eric P Palkovacs
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
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9
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Imeh-Nathaniel A, Orfanakos V, Wormack L, Huber R, Nathaniel TI. The crayfish model (Orconectes rusticus), epigenetics and drug addiction research. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 183:38-45. [PMID: 31202808 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental signs of epigenetic effects are variations in the expression of genes or phenotypic traits among isogenic mates. Therefore, genetically identical animals are in high demand for epigenetic research. There are many genetically identical animals, including natural parthenogens and inbred laboratory lineages or clones. However, most parthenogenetic animal taxa are very small in combined epigenetic and drug addiction research. Orconectes rusticus has a unique phylogenetic position, with 2-3 years of life span, which undergoes metamorphosis that creates developmental stages with distinctly different morphologies, unique lifestyles, and broad behavioral traits, even among isogenic mates reared in the same environment offer novel inroads for epigenetics studies. Moreover, the establishment of crayfish as a novel system for drug addiction with evidence of an automated, operant self-administration and conditioned-reward, withdrawal, reinstatement of the conditioned drug-induced reward sets the stage to investigate epigenetic mechanisms of drug addiction. We discuss behavioral, pharmacological and molecular findings from laboratory studies that document a broad spectrum of molecular and, behavioral evidence including potential hypotheses that can be tested with the crayfish model for epigenetic study in drug addiction research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leah Wormack
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, SC, USA
| | - Robert Huber
- J.P Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, USA
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10
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Biogeographic differences between native and non-native populations of crayfish alter species coexistence and trophic interactions in mesocosms. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Forsström T, Vesakoski O, Riipinen K, Fowler AE. Post-invasion demography and persistence of a novel functional species in an estuarine system. Biol Invasions 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-018-1777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Jaspers C, Marty L, Kiørboe T. Selection for life-history traits to maximize population growth in an invasive marine species. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:1164-1174. [PMID: 29135067 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Species establishing outside their natural range, negatively impacting local ecosystems, are of increasing global concern. They often display life-history features characteristic for r-selected populations with fast growth and high reproduction rates to achieve positive population growth rates (r) in invaded habitats. Here, we demonstrate substantially earlier maturation at a 2 orders of magnitude lower body mass at first reproduction in invasive compared to native populations of the comb jelly Mnemiopsis leidyi. Empirical results are corroborated by a theoretical model for competing life-history traits that predicts maturation at the smallest possible size to optimize r, while individual lifetime reproductive success (R0 ), optimized in native populations, is near constant over a large range of intermediate maturation sizes. We suggest that high variability in reproductive tactics in native populations is an underappreciated determinant of invasiveness, acting as substrate upon which selection can act during the invasion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Jaspers
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Fishes, GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lise Marty
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kiørboe
- Centre for Ocean Life, DTU Aqua, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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13
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Introgressive replacement of natives by invading Arion pest slugs. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14908. [PMID: 29097725 PMCID: PMC5668256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization with invasive species is one of the major threats to the phenotypic and genetic persistence of native organisms worldwide. Arion vulgaris (syn. lusitanicus) is a major agricultural pest slug that successfully invaded many European countries in recent decades, but its impact on closely related native species remains unclear. Here, we hypothesized that the regional decline of native A. rufus is connected with the spread of invasive A. vulgaris, and tested whether this can be linked to hybridization between the two species by analyzing 625 Arion sp. along altitudinal transects in three regions in Switzerland. In each region, we observed clear evidence of different degrees of genetic admixture, suggesting recurrent hybridization beyond the first generation. We found spatial differences in admixture patterns that might reflect distinct invasion histories among the regions. Our analyses provide a landscape level perspective for the genetic interactions between invasive and native animals during the invasion. We predict that without specific management action, A. vulgaris will further expand its range, which might lead to local extinction of A. rufus and other native slugs in the near future. Similar processes are likely occurring in other regions currently invaded by A. vulgaris.
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15
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Dudeque Zenni R, Lacerda da Cunha W, Sena G. Rapid increase in growth and productivity can aid invasions by a non-native tree. AOB PLANTS 2016; 8:plw048. [PMID: 27339051 PMCID: PMC4972472 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Research on biological invasions has produced detailed theories describing range expansions of introduced populations. However, current knowledge of evolutionary factors associated with invasive range expansions, especially those related to rapid evolution of long-lived organisms, is still rudimentary. Here, we used a system of six 40-year-old invasive pine populations that originated from replicated introduction events to study evolution in productivity, growth, and chemical defence traits. We tested the hypotheses that invasive populations were undergoing rapid phenotypic change as populations spread, that populations exhibit trade-offs between evolution in growth and chemical defences, and that rates of rapid evolution in plant growth and productivity effect rates of invasion. Although all invasions started from replicated pools of genetic material and equal propagule pressure, we found divergence in mean values for the six invasive populations in the six traits measured. Not only were there between-population variations but also invasive populations were also rapidly changing along each invasive population expansion. Two populations displayed greater leaf areas (LAs) and smaller specific LAs (SLAs) during range expansion. Four populations had faster growth rates at the leading edge of the invasion front in comparison with plants at the rear edge. In terms of total plant defences, non-volatile resin increased in plants along one invasion gradient and decreased in a second, total needle phenolics increased in plants along one invasion gradient and total wood phenolics increased in plants along the one invasion gradient and decreased in a second. We found no trade-offs between investments in growth and chemical defence. Also, faster rates of change in growth rate and LA were positively associated with greater dispersal distances of invasive populations, suggesting rapid evolution may increase invasiveness. Understanding the roles of both natural and human-mediated ecological and evolutionary processes in population-level dynamics is key to understanding the ability of non-native species to invade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dudeque Zenni
- Department of Ecology, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Lacerda da Cunha
- Department of Ecology, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Sena
- Department of Ecology, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília CEP 70910-900, Brazil
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16
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Farias NE, Wood SA, Obenat S, Schwindt E. Genetic barcoding confirms the presence of the neurotoxic sea slug Pleurobranchaea maculata in southwestern Atlantic coast. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2016.1159582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NE Farias
- Laboratorio de Invertebrados, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - SA Wood
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
- Environmental Research Institute, Waikato University, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - S Obenat
- Laboratorio de Invertebrados, FCEyN, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - E Schwindt
- Grupo de Ecología en Ambientes Costeros (GEAC- IBIOMAR-CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Argentina
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17
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Usio N, Azuma N, Larson ER, Abbott CL, Olden JD, Akanuma H, Takamura K, Takamura N. Phylogeographic insights into the invasion history and secondary spread of the signal crayfish in Japan. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:5366-82. [PMID: 27551389 PMCID: PMC4984510 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful invasion by nonindigenous species is often attributed to high propagule pressure, yet some foreign species become widespread despite showing reduced genetic variation due to founder effects. The signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is one such example, where rapid spread across Japan in recent decades is believed to be the result of only three founding populations. To infer the history and explore the success of this remarkable crayfish invasion, we combined detailed phylogeographical and morphological analyses conducted in both the introduced and native ranges. We sequenced 16S mitochondrial DNA of signal crayfish from across the introduced range in Japan (537 samples, 20 sites) and the native range in western North America (700 samples, 50 sites). Because chela size is often related to aggressive behavior in crayfish, and hence, their invasion success, we also measured chela size of a subset of specimens in both introduced and native ranges. Genetic diversity of introduced signal crayfish populations was as high as that of the dominant phylogeographic group in the native range, suggesting high propagule pressure during invasion. More recently established crayfish populations in Japan that originated through secondary spread from one of the founding populations exhibit reduced genetic diversity relative to older populations, probably as a result of founder effects. However, these newer populations also show larger chela size, consistent with expectations of rapid adaptations or phenotypic responses during the invasion process. Introduced signal crayfish populations in Japan originate from multiple source populations from a wide geographic range in the native range of western North America. A combination of high genetic diversity, especially for older populations in the invasive range, and rapid adaptation to colonization, manifested as larger chela in recent invasions, likely contribute to invasion success of signal crayfish in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisikawa Usio
- Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Noriko Azuma
- Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences Hokkaido University Hakodate 041-8611 Japan
| | - Eric R Larson
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801; School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195
| | - Cathryn L Abbott
- Pacific Biological Station Fisheries and Oceans Canada Nanaimo British Columbia V9T 6N7 Canada
| | - Julian D Olden
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195
| | - Hiromi Akanuma
- Center for Toki and Ecological Restoration Niigata University Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - Kenzi Takamura
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba 305-8506 Japan
| | - Noriko Takamura
- Center for Environmental Biology and Ecosystem Studies National Institute for Environmental Studies Tsukuba 305-8506 Japan
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