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Wu T, Xue H, Gao H, Guo J, Wang X, Yan K, Xu W, Niu B, Zheng M, Wang Y, Sun L. Exploratory research on the multi-life stages mesh-type model of Caenorhabditis elegans in radiation ecology. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2024; 280:107522. [PMID: 39270424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
To address the lack of effective dose quantification methods for the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in radiation ecology research, this study employs remeshing techniques to develop a comprehensive mesh-type model covering multi-life stages, from embryonic to larval (L1, L2, L3, L4) and adulthood. Using these models, Dose Coefficients (DC) for C. elegans in a soil environment under different exposure conditions (external and internal), material settings, and radioactive nuclides (³H, ⁶⁰Co, ⁹⁰Sr, 12⁹I, 1³1I, 1³⁴Cs, 1³⁷Cs) were calculated with the Monte Carlo toolkit Geant4. The results show that the difference in DC, when C. elegans material is set as either biological material or water, is within 5%. Under external exposure conditions, the impact of life stages on the population's average DC is minimal (with a maximum deviation not exceeding 10%). However, the distribution within the population varied significantly across life stages (under external exposure to 137Cs, the dispersion was 12.02% for adults and a considerably higher 60.30% for larvae). The earlier the life stage, the greater the variability in DC distribution within the C. elegans population. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicates a strong relationship between DC and life stages under internal exposure scenarios. The mesh-type model of C. elegans established in this study provides a valuable tool for radiation ecology research and has potential applications in broader research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Huiyuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiahao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kaijin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenxing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Binquan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mingxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yidi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Liang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Quevarec L, Morran LT, Dufourcq-Sekatcheff E, Armant O, Adam-Guillermin C, Bonzom JM, Réale D. Host defense alteration in Caenorhabditis elegans after evolution under ionizing radiation. BMC Ecol Evol 2024; 24:95. [PMID: 38982371 PMCID: PMC11234525 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-024-02282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptation to a stressor can lead to costs on other traits. These costs play an unavoidable role on fitness and influence the evolutionary trajectory of a population. Host defense seems highly subject to these costs, possibly because its maintenance is energetically costly but essential to the survival. When assessing the ecological risk related to pollution, it is therefore relevant to consider these costs to evaluate the evolutionary consequences of stressors on populations. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effects of evolution in irradiate environment on host defense have never been studied. Using an experimental evolution approach, we analyzed fitness across 20 transfers (about 20 generations) in Caenorhabditis elegans populations exposed to 0, 1.4, and 50.0 mGy.h- 1 of 137Cs gamma radiation. Then, populations from transfer 17 were placed in the same environmental conditions without irradiation (i.e., common garden) for about 10 generations before being exposed to the bacterial parasite Serratia marcescens and their survival was estimated to study host defense. Finally, we studied the presence of an evolutionary trade-off between fitness of irradiated populations and host defense. RESULTS We found a lower fitness in both irradiated treatments compared to the control ones, but fitness increased over time in the 50.0 mGy.h- 1, suggesting a local adaptation of the populations. Then, the survival rate of C. elegans to S. marcescens was lower for common garden populations that had previously evolved under both irradiation treatments, indicating that evolution in gamma-irradiated environment had a cost on host defense of C. elegans. Furthermore, we showed a trade-off between standardized fitness at the end of the multigenerational experiment and survival of C. elegans to S. marcescens in the control treatment, but a positive correlation between the two traits for the two irradiated treatments. These results indicate that among irradiated populations, those most sensitive to ionizing radiation are also the most susceptible to the pathogen. On the other hand, other irradiated populations appear to have evolved cross-resistance to both stress factors. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that adaptation to an environmental stressor can be associated with an evolutionary cost when a new stressor appears, even several generations after the end of the first stressor. Among irradiated populations, we observed an evolution of resistance to ionizing radiation, which also appeared to provide an advantage against the pathogen. On the other hand, some of the irradiated populations seemed to accumulate sensitivities to stressors. This work provides a new argument to show the importance of considering evolutionary changes in ecotoxicology and for ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Quevarec
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France.
| | - Levi T Morran
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Elizabeth Dufourcq-Sekatcheff
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Olivier Armant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Jean-Marc Bonzom
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SERPEN/LECO, Cadarache, Saint Paul Lez Durance, 13115, France
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Car C, Quevarec L, Gilles A, Réale D, Bonzom JM. Evolutionary approach for pollution study: The case of ionizing radiation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123692. [PMID: 38462194 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Estimating the consequences of environmental changes, specifically in a global change context, is essential for conservation issues. In the case of pollutants, the interest in using an evolutionary approach to investigate their consequences has been emphasized since the 2000s, but these studies remain rare compared to the characterization of direct effects on individual features. We focused on the study case of anthropogenic ionizing radiation because, despite its potential strong impact on evolution, the scarcity of evolutionary approaches to study the biological consequences of this stressor is particularly true. In this study, by investigating some particular features of the biological effects of this stressor, and by reviewing existing studies on evolution under ionizing radiation, we suggest that evolutionary approach may help provide an integrative view on the biological consequences of ionizing radiation. We focused on three topics: (i) the mutagenic properties of ionizing radiation and its disruption of evolutionary processes, (ii) exposures at different time scales, leading to an interaction between past and contemporary evolution, and (iii) the special features of contaminated areas called exclusion zones and how evolution could match field and laboratory observed effects. This approach can contribute to answering several key issues in radioecology: to explain species differences in the sensitivity to ionizing radiation, to improve our estimation of the impacts of ionizing radiation on populations, and to help identify the environmental features impacting organisms (e.g., interaction with other pollution, migration of populations, anthropogenic environmental changes). Evolutionary approach would benefit from being integrated to the ecological risk assessment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Car
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Effets des Radionucléides sur L'écosystème (LECO), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Saint-Paul Lèz Durance, France
| | - Loïc Quevarec
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Effets des Radionucléides sur L'écosystème (LECO), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Saint-Paul Lèz Durance, France.
| | - André Gilles
- UMR Risques, ECOsystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix-Marseille Université (AMU), Marseille, France
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université Du Québec à Montréal, (UQAM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Bonzom
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur Les Effets des Radionucléides sur L'écosystème (LECO), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Saint-Paul Lèz Durance, France
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Quevarec L, Brasseur G, Aragnol D, Robaglia C. Tracking the early events of photosymbiosis evolution. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:406-412. [PMID: 38016867 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxygenic photosynthesis evolved in cyanobacteria around 3.2 giga-annum (Ga) ago and was acquired by eukaryotes starting around 1.8 Ga ago by endosymbiosis. Photosymbiosis results either from integration of a photosynthetic bacteria by heterotrophic eukaryotes (primary photosymbiosis) or by successive integration of photosymbiotic eukaryotes by heterotrophic eukaryotes (secondary photosymbiosis). Primary endosymbiosis is thought to have been a rare event, whereas secondary and higher-order photosymbiosis evolved multiple times independently in different taxa. Despite its recurrent evolution, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying photosymbiosis are unknown. In this opinion, we discuss the primary events leading to the establishment of photosymbiosis, and we present recent research suggesting that, in some cases, domestication occurred instead of symbiosis, and how oxygen and host immunity can be involved in symbiont maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Quevarec
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Luminy Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009 Marseille, France; Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, IMM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13402 Marseille, France
| | - Gaël Brasseur
- Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne, IMM, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, 13402 Marseille, France
| | - Denise Aragnol
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Luminy Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Robaglia
- Aix Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Luminy Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, 13009 Marseille, France.
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5
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Geras'kin S. Plant adaptation to ionizing radiation: Mechanisms and patterns. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170201. [PMID: 38246389 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Adaptation to environmental stressors is an essential property of plants that allows them, despite an immobile lifestyle, to survive in a changeable environment. The chain of successive events culminating in the final radiobiological reaction begins with the absorption of energy of ionizing radiation in the cell. Starting from stochastic acts of molecular injury formation, radiation damage gradually acquires deterministic features, which are expressed in a limited number of phenomena that complete plant radiation damage. As plants undergo specialization, the differences between plants and animals become more pronounced, leading to distinct responses to radiation. Chronic radiation exposure may activate biological mechanisms resulting in increased radioresistance of the population. The higher the level of radiation exposure and the sensitivity of plants to radiation, the more intensive the selection. Depending on the circumstances, enhanced radioresistance of a population can be achieved in different ways or has not evolved at all. High dose rates of chronic irradiation leаd to selection for the efficiency of repair systems, while low dose rates activate epigenetic mechanisms that lead to the maintenance of oxidative balance, additional synthesis of chaperones, and control of TEs transposition. Due to huge differences in the radiosensitivity of organisms that make up the ecosystem, irradiation can result in disruption of connections between components of ecosystems which may lead to consequences that can differ drastically from those expected at the organismal and population levels. Therefore, the use of ecological knowledge is essential for understanding the responses of populations and ecosystems to radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Geras'kin
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology of NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, Obninsk, Kaluga Region 249032, Russia.
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Tintori SC, Çağlar D, Ortiz P, Chyzhevskyi I, Mousseau TA, Rockman MV. Environmental radiation exposure at Chornobyl has not systematically affected the genomes or chemical mutagen tolerance phenotypes of local worms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314793121. [PMID: 38442158 PMCID: PMC10945782 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314793121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The 1986 disaster at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant transformed the surrounding region into the most radioactive landscape known on the planet. Whether or not this sudden environmental shift selected for species, or even individuals within a species, that are naturally more resistant to mutagen exposure remains an open question. In this study, we collected, cultured, and cryopreserved 298 wild nematode isolates from areas varying in radioactivity within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. We sequenced and assembled genomes de novo for 20 Oscheius tipulae strains, analyzed their genomes for evidence of recent mutation acquisition in the field, and observed no evidence of an association between mutation and radioactivity at the sites of collection. Multigenerational exposure of each of these strains to several chemical mutagens in the lab revealed that strains vary heritably in tolerance to each mutagen, but mutagen tolerance cannot be predicted based on the radiation levels at collection sites, and Chornobyl isolates were not systematically more resistant than strains from undisturbed habitats. In sum, the absence of mutational signatures does not reflect unique capacity for tolerating DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia C. Tintori
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Derin Çağlar
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Patrick Ortiz
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY10003
| | - Ihor Chyzhevskyi
- Department of Coordination of International Projects of the State Specialized Enterprise “Ecocentre”, Kyiv01133, Ukraine
| | - Timothy A. Mousseau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC29208
| | - Matthew V. Rockman
- Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY10003
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Sreetharan S, Frelon S, Horemans N, Laloi P, Salomaa S, Adam-Guillermin C. Ionizing radiation exposure effects across multiple generations: evidence and lessons from non-human biota. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 100:1312-1329. [PMID: 38079349 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2281512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
A Task Group (TG121) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Committee 1 was launched in 2021 to study the effects of ionizing radiation in offspring and next generations. In this report, we summarize the evidence of multi- and trans-generational effects in non-human biota species that was discussed at the ICRP workshop entitled "Effects of Ionizing Radiation Exposure in Offspring and Next Generations" in June 2022. Epigenetic changes, including changes in DNA methylation, have been observed in trans- and multi-generational irradiation studies in both plants and animals. There were also reports of changes in offspring survival and reproduction. The reported evidence for altered reproduction is an area of potential concern, due to possible effects at the population or ecosystem level. Different considerations are also discussed regarding non-human biota data, such as transferability of data between different species or extending knowledge to humans, differences in species radiosensitivity, the presence of adaptive responses, and dose reconstruction for exposures that occur across multiple generations. Overall, there is a diverse range of available data of the effects in non-human biota, and it will require careful consideration when incorporating this evidence into the system of radiological protection of humans and of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayenthiran Sreetharan
- Radiation Safety, London Health Sciences Centre (LHSC), London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine Frelon
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Nele Horemans
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Biosphere Impact Studies (BIS), Mol, Belgium
- Centre of Environmental Sciences, University of Hasselt, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Patrick Laloi
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sisko Salomaa
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), Cadarache, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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8
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Dufourcq Sekatcheff E, Godon C, Bailly A, Quevarec L, Camilleri V, Galas S, Frelon S. Two distinct mechanisms lead to either oocyte or spermatocyte decrease in C. elegans after whole developmental exposure to γ-rays. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294766. [PMID: 38011087 PMCID: PMC10681227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wildlife is subject to various sources of pollution, including ionizing radiation. Adverse effects can impact the survival, growth, or reproduction of organisms, later affecting population dynamics. In invertebrates, reproduction, which directly impacts population dynamics, has been found to be the most radiosensitive endpoint. Understanding the underlying molecular pathways inducing this reproduction decrease can help to comprehend species-specific differences in radiosensitivity. From our previous studies, we found that decrease in reproduction is life stage dependent in the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, possibly resulting from an accumulation of damages during germ cell development and gamete differentiation. To go further, we used the same experimental design to assess more precisely the molecular determinants of reproductive toxicity, primarily decreases in gamete number. As before, worms were chronically exposed to 50 mGy·h-1 external gamma ionizing radiation throughout different developmental periods (namely embryogenesis, gametogenesis, and full development). To enable cross species extrapolation, conserved molecular pathways across invertebrates and vertebrates were analysed: apoptosis and MAP kinase Ras/ERK (MPK-1), both involved in reproduction and stress responses. Our results showed that these pathways are life-stage dependent, resulting from an accumulation of damages upon chronic exposure to IR throughout the life development. The Ras/ERK pathway was activated in our conditions in the pachytene region of the gonad where it regulates cell fate including apoptosis, but not in the ovulation zone, where it controls oocyte maturation and ovulation. Additionally, assessment of germ cell proliferation via Ras/ERK pathway showed no effect. Finally, a functional analysis of apoptosis revealed that while the decrease of the ovulation rate is caused by DNA-damaged induced apoptosis, this process does not occur in spermatocytes. Thus, sperm decrease seems to be mediated via another mechanism, probably a decrease in germ cell proliferation speed that needs further investigation to better characterize sex-specific responses to IR exposure. These results are of main importance to describe radio-induced reprotoxic effects and contribute as weight of evidence for the AOP #396 "Deposition of ionizing energy leads to population decline via impaired meiosis".
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dufourcq Sekatcheff
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, F-13115, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Christian Godon
- Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, CEA Cadarache, 13108, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Aymeric Bailly
- CRBM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, UMR5237, Montpellier, 34090, France
| | - Loïc Quevarec
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, F-13115, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Virginie Camilleri
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, F-13115, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Simon Galas
- CNRS, ENSCM, IBMM Université de Montpellier, 34093, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Frelon
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, F-13115, Saint Paul-Lez-Durance, France
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9
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Misare KR, Ampolini EA, Gonzalez HC, Sullivan KA, Li X, Miller C, Sosseh B, Dunne JB, Voelkel-Johnson C, Gordon KL, Hartman JH. The consequences of tetraploidy on Caenorhabditis elegans physiology and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18125. [PMID: 37872247 PMCID: PMC10593782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyploid cells contain more than two copies of each chromosome. Polyploidy has important roles in development, evolution, and tissue regeneration/repair, and can arise as a programmed polyploidization event or be triggered by stress. Cancer cells are often polyploid. C. elegans nematodes are typically diploid, but stressors such as heat shock and starvation can trigger the production of tetraploid offspring. In this study, we utilized a recently published protocol to generate stable tetraploid strains of C. elegans and compared their physiological traits and sensitivity to two DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin and doxorubicin. As prior studies have shown, tetraploid worms are approximately 30% longer, shorter-lived, and have a smaller brood size than diploids. We investigated the reproductive defect further, determining that tetraploid worms have a shorter overall germline length, a higher rate of germ cell apoptosis, more aneuploidy in oocytes and offspring, and larger oocytes and embryos. We also found that tetraploid worms are modestly protected from growth delay from the chemotherapeutics but are similarly or more sensitive to reproductive toxicity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differentially expressed pathways that may contribute to sensitivity to stress. This study reveals phenotypic consequences of whole-animal tetraploidy that make C. elegans an excellent model for ploidy differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R Misare
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Ampolini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Hyland C Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kaitlan A Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Camille Miller
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Bintou Sosseh
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jaclyn B Dunne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kacy L Gordon
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jessica H Hartman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Sleiman A, Lalanne K, Vianna F, Perrot Y, Richaud M, SenGupta T, Cardot-Martin M, Pedini P, Picard C, Nilsen H, Galas S, Adam-Guillermin C. Targeted Central Nervous System Irradiation with Proton Microbeam Induces Mitochondrial Changes in Caenorhabditis elegans. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:839. [PMID: 37372124 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Fifty percent of all patients with cancer worldwide require radiotherapy. In the case of brain tumors, despite the improvement in the precision of radiation delivery with proton therapy, studies have shown structural and functional changes in the brains of treated patients with protons. The molecular pathways involved in generating these effects are not completely understood. In this context, we analyzed the impact of proton exposure in the central nervous system area of Caenorhabditis elegans with a focus on mitochondrial function, which is potentially implicated in the occurrence of radiation-induced damage. To achieve this objective, the nematode C. elegans were micro-irradiated with 220 Gy of protons (4 MeV) in the nerve ring (head region) using the proton microbeam, MIRCOM. Our results show that protons induce mitochondrial dysfunction, characterized by an immediate dose-dependent loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) associated with oxidative stress 24 h after irradiation, which is itself characterized by the induction of the antioxidant proteins in the targeted region, observed using SOD-1::GFP and SOD-3::GFP strains. Moreover, we demonstrated a two-fold increase in the mtDNA copy number in the targeted region 24 h after irradiation. In addition, using the GFP::LGG-1 strain, an induction of autophagy in the irradiated region was observed 6 h following the irradiation, which is associated with the up-regulation of the gene expression of pink-1 (PTEN-induced kinase) and pdr-1 (C. elegans parkin homolog). Furthermore, our data showed that micro-irradiation of the nerve ring region did not impact the whole-body oxygen consumption 24 h following the irradiation. These results indicate a global mitochondrial dysfunction in the irradiated region following proton exposure. This provides a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in radiation-induced side effects and may help in finding new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Sleiman
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Kévin Lalanne
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - François Vianna
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Yann Perrot
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LDRI, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Myriam Richaud
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Tanima SenGupta
- Section of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Mikaël Cardot-Martin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Pascal Pedini
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, EFS, ADES, 13288 Marseille, France
| | | | - Hilde Nilsen
- Section of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Simon Galas
- IBMM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, IRSN, PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache, 13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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11
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Misare KR, Ampolini EA, Gonzalez HC, Sullivan KA, Li X, Miller C, Sosseh B, Dunne JB, Voelkel-Johnson C, Gordon KL, Hartman JH. The consequences of tetraploidy on Caenorhabditis elegans physiology and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.06.543785. [PMID: 37333126 PMCID: PMC10274754 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.06.543785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Polyploid cells contain more than two copies of each chromosome. Polyploidy has important roles in development, evolution, and tissue regeneration/repair, and can arise as a programmed polyploidization event or be triggered by stress. Cancer cells are often polyploid. C. elegans nematodes are typically diploid, but stressors such as heat shock and starvation can trigger the production of tetraploid offspring. In this study, we utilized a recently published protocol to generate stable tetraploid strains of C. elegans and compared their physiological traits and sensitivity to two DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic drugs, cisplatin and doxorubicin. As prior studies have shown, tetraploid worms are approximately 30% longer, shorter-lived, and have a smaller brood size than diploids. We investigated the reproductive defect further, determining that tetraploid worms have a shorter overall germline length, a higher rate of germ cell apoptosis, more aneuploidy in oocytes and offspring, and larger oocytes and embryos. We also found that tetraploid worms are modestly protected from growth delay from the chemotherapeutics but are similarly or more sensitive to reproductive toxicity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differentially expressed pathways that may contribute to sensitivity to stress. Overall, this study reveals the phenotypic consequences of whole-animal tetraploidy in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. Misare
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Elizabeth A. Ampolini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Hyland C. Gonzalez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Kaitlan A. Sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biology; College of Arts and Sciences; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599; United States of America
| | - Camille Miller
- Department of Biology; College of Arts and Sciences; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599; United States of America
| | - Bintou Sosseh
- Department of Biology; College of Arts and Sciences; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599; United States of America
| | - Jaclyn B. Dunne
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Christina Voelkel-Johnson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
| | - Kacy L. Gordon
- Department of Biology; College of Arts and Sciences; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599; United States of America
| | - Jessica H. Hartman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; College of Medicine; Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425; United States of America
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12
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Quevarec L, Réale D, Dufourcq-Sekatcheff E, Armant O, Adam-Guillermin C, Bonzom JM. Ionizing radiation affects the demography and the evolution of Caenorhabditis elegans populations. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114353. [PMID: 36516628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation can reduce survival, reproduction and affect development, and lead to the extinction of populations if their evolutionary response is insufficient. However, demographic and evolutionary studies on the effects of ionizing radiation are still scarce. Using an experimental evolution approach, we analyzed population growth rate and associated change in life history traits across generations in Caenorhabditis elegans populations exposed to 0, 1.4, and 50.0 mGy.h-1 of ionizing radiation (gamma external irradiation). We found a higher population growth rate in the 1.4 mGy.h-1 treatment and a lower in the 50.0 mGy.h-1 treatment compared to the control. Realized fecundity was lower in both 1.4 and 50.0 mGy.h-1 than control treatment. High irradiation levels decreased brood size from self-fertilized hermaphrodites, specifically early brood size. Finally, high irradiation levels decreased hatching success compared to the control condition. In reciprocal-transplant experiments, we found that life in low irradiation conditions led to the evolution of higher hatching success and late brood size. These changes could provide better tolerance against ionizing radiation, investing more in self-maintenance than in reproduction. These evolutionary changes were with some costs of adaptation. This study shows that ionizing radiation has both demographic and evolutionary consequences on populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Quevarec
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache 13115, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France.
| | - Denis Réale
- Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Dufourcq-Sekatcheff
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache 13115, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Olivier Armant
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache 13115, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Christelle Adam-Guillermin
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-SANTE/SDOS/LMDN, Cadarache 13115, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - Jean-Marc Bonzom
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SRTE/LECO, Cadarache 13115, Saint Paul Lez Durance, France.
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