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Postel Z, Van Rossum F, Godé C, Schmitt E, Touzet P. Paternal leakage of plastids rescues inter-lineage hybrids in Silene nutans. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:427-434. [PMID: 38141228 PMCID: PMC11006537 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Organelle genomes are usually maternally inherited in angiosperms. However, biparental inheritance has been observed, especially in hybrids resulting from crosses between divergent genetic lineages. When it concerns the plastid genome, this exceptional mode of inheritance might rescue inter-lineage hybrids suffering from plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. Genetically differentiated lineages of Silene nutans exhibit strong postzygotic isolation owing to plastid-nuclear incompatibilities, highlighted by inter-lineage hybrid chlorosis and mortality. Surviving hybrids can exhibit variegated leaves, which might indicate paternal leakage of the plastid genome. We tested whether the surviving hybrids inherited the paternal plastid genome and survived thanks to paternal leakage. METHODS We characterized the leaf phenotype (fully green, variegated or white) of 504 surviving inter-lineage hybrids obtained from a reciprocal cross experiment among populations of four genetic lineages (W1, W2, W3 and E1) of S. nutans from Western Europe and genotyped 560 leaf samples (both green and white leaves for variegated hybrids) using six lineage-specific plastid single nucleotide polymorphisms. KEY RESULTS A high proportion of the surviving hybrids (≤98 %) inherited the paternal plastid genome, indicating paternal leakage. The level of paternal leakage depended on cross type and cross direction. The E1 and W2 lineages as maternal lineages led to the highest hybrid mortality and to the highest paternal leakage from W1 and W3 lineages in the few surviving hybrids. This was consistent with E1 and W2 lineages, which contained the most divergent plastid genomes. When W3 was the mother, more hybrids survived, and no paternal leakage was detected. CONCLUSIONS By providing a plastid genome potentially more compatible with the hybrid nuclear background, paternal leakage has the potential to rescue inter-lineage hybrids from plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. This phenomenon might slow down the speciation process, provided hybrid survival and reproduction can occur in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Postel
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium
- Service général de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles, rue A. Lavallée 1, BE-1080 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécile Godé
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Touzet
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
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Postel Z, Mauri T, Lensink MF, Touzet P. What is the potential impact of genetic divergence of plastid ribosomal genes between Silene nutans lineages in hybrids? An in silico approach using the 3D structure of the plastid ribosome. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167478. [PMID: 37223795 PMCID: PMC10201985 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Following the integration of cyanobacteria into the eukaryotic cells, many genes were transferred from the plastid to the nucleus. As a result, plastid complexes are encoded both by plastid and nuclear genes. Tight co-adaptation is required between these genes as plastid and nuclear genomes differ in several characteristics, such as mutation rate and inheritance patterns. Among these are complexes from the plastid ribosome, composed of two main subunits: a large and a small one, both composed of nuclear and plastid gene products. This complex has been identified as a potential candidate for sheltering plastid-nuclear incompatibilities in a Caryophyllaceae species, Silene nutans. This species is composed of four genetically differentiated lineages, which exhibit hybrid breakdown when interlineage crosses are conducted. As this complex is composed of numerous interacting plastid-nuclear gene pairs, in the present study, the goal was to reduce the number of gene pairs that could induce such incompatibilities. Method We used the previously published 3D structure of the spinach ribosome to further elucidate which of the potential gene pairs might disrupt plastid-nuclear interactions within this complex. After modeling the impact of the identified mutations on the 3D structure, we further focused on one strongly mutated plastid-nuclear gene pair: rps11-rps21. We used the centrality measure of the mutated residues to further understand if the modified interactions and associated modified centralities might be correlated with hybrid breakdown. Results and discussion This study highlights that lineage-specific mutations in essential plastid and nuclear genes might disrupt plastid-nuclear protein interactions of the plastid ribosome and that reproductive isolation correlates with changes in residue centrality values. Because of this, the plastid ribosome might be involved in hybrid breakdown in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Postel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Lille, France
| | - Théo Mauri
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Marc F. Lensink
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Pascal Touzet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Lille, France
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Cornet C, Noret N, Van Rossum F. Pollinator sharing between reproductively isolated genetic lineages of Silene nutans. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:927498. [PMID: 36340351 PMCID: PMC9634645 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High reciprocal pollination specialization leading to pollinator isolation can prevent interspecific pollen transfer and competition for pollinators. Sharing pollinators may induce mating costs, but it may also increase pollination services and pollen dispersal and offer more resources to pollinators, which may be important in case of habitat fragmentation leading to pollination disruption. We estimated pollen dispersal and pollinator isolation or sharing between two reproductively isolated genetic lineages of Silene nutans (Caryophyllaceae), which are rare and occur in parapatry in southern Belgium, forming two edaphic ecotypes. As inter-ecotypic crosses may lead to pollen wastage and inviable progeny, pollinator isolation might have evolved between ecotypes. Silene nutans is mainly pollinated by nocturnal moths, including nursery pollinators, which pollinate and lay their eggs in flowers, and whose caterpillars feed on flowers and seeds. Pollinator assemblages of the two ecotypes are largely unknown and inter-ecotypic pollen flows have never been investigated. Fluorescent powdered dyes were used as pollen analogues to quantify intra- and inter-ecotypic pollen transfers and seeds were germinated to detect chlorotic seedlings resulting from inter-ecotypic pollination. Nocturnal pollinators were observed using infrared cameras on the field, and seed-eating caterpillars were collected and reared to identify nursery pollinator species. No pollinator isolation was found: we detected long-distance (up to 5 km) inter-ecotypic dye transfers and chlorotic seedlings, indicating inter-ecotypic fertilization events. The rare moth Hadena albimacula, a nursery pollinator specialized on S. nutans, was found on both ecotypes, as well as adults visiting flowers (cameras recordings) as seed-eating caterpillars. However, S. nutans populations harbor different abundance and diversity of seed predator communities, including other rare nursery pollinators, suggesting a need for distinct conservation strategies. Our findings demonstrate the efficiency of moths, especially of nursery pollinators, to disperse pollen over long distances in natural landscapes, so to ensure gene flow and population sustainability of the host plant. Seed-predator specificities between the two reproductively isolated genetic lineages of S. nutans, and pollinator sharing instead of pollinator isolation when plants occur in parapatry, suggest that conservation of the host plant is also essential for sustaining (rare) pollinator and seed predator communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Cornet
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie végétale et Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nausicaa Noret
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie végétale et Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fabienne Van Rossum
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie végétale et Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Research Department, Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium
- Service général de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Do habitat and elevation promote hybridization during secondary contact between three genetically distinct groups of warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus)? Heredity (Edinb) 2022; 128:352-363. [PMID: 35396350 PMCID: PMC9076831 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-022-00529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Following postglacial expansion, secondary contact can occur between genetically distinct lineages. These genetic lineages may be associated with specific habitat or environmental variables and therefore, their distributions in secondary contact could reflect such conditions within these areas. Here we used mtDNA, microsatellite, and morphological data to study three genetically distinct groups of warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus) and investigate the role that elevation and habitat play in their distributions. We studied two main contact zones and within each contact zone, we examined two separate transects. Across the Great Plains contact zone, we found that hybridization between eastern and western groups occurs along a habitat and elevational gradient, whereas hybridization across the Rocky Mountain contact zone was not as closely associated with habitat or elevation. Hybrids in the Great Plains contact zone were more common in transitional areas between deciduous and mixed-wood forests, and at lower elevations (<1000 m). Hybridization patterns were similar along both Great Plains transects indicating that habitat and elevation play a role in hybridization between distinct eastern and western genetic groups. The observed patterns suggest adaptation to different habitats, perhaps originating during isolation in multiple Pleistocene refugia, is facilitating hybridization in areas where habitat types overlap.
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5
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Van Rossum F, Le Pajolec S, Raspé O, Godé C. Assessing Population Genetic Status for Designing Plant Translocations. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.829332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted gene flow interventions such as plant translocations are valuable complementary techniques to habitat restoration. Bringing new genetic variants can contribute to increasing genetic diversity and evolutionary resilience, counteract inbreeding depression and improve plant fitness through heterosis. Large, highly genetically variable populations are usually recommended as sources for translocation. Unfortunately, many critically endangered species only occur as small populations, which are expected to show low genetic variation, high inbreeding level, paucity of compatible mates in self-incompatible species, and increased genetic divergence. Therefore, assessment of population genetic status is required for an appropriate choice of the source populations. In this paper, we exemplify the different analyses relevant for genetic evaluation of populations combining both molecular (plastid and nuclear) markers and fitness-related quantitative traits. We assessed the genetic status of the adult generation and their seed progeny (the potential translocation founders) of small populations of Campanula glomerata (Campanulaceae), a self-incompatible insect-pollinated herbaceous species critically endangered in Belgium. Only a few small populations remain, so that the species has been part of a restoration project of calcareous grasslands implementing plant translocations. In particular, we estimated genetic diversity, inbreeding levels, genetic structure in adults and their seed progeny, recent bottlenecks, clonal extent in adults, contemporary gene flow, effective population size (Ne), and parentage, sibship and seed progeny fitness variation. Small populations of C. glomerata presented high genetic diversity, and extensive contemporary pollen flow within populations, with multiple parentage among seed progenies, and so could be good seed source candidates for translocations. As populations are differentiated from each other, mixing the sources will not only optimize the number of variants and of compatible mates in translocated populations, but also representativeness of species regional genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is no immediate threat to population persistence, but small Ne, restricted among-population gene flow, and evidence of processes leading to genetic erosion, inbreeding and inbreeding depression in the seed progeny require management measures to counteract these trends and stochastic vulnerability. Habitat restoration facilitating recruitment, flowering and pollination, reconnecting populations by biological corridors or stepping stones, and creating new populations through translocations in protected areas are particularly recommended.
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6
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Postel Z, Poux C, Gallina S, Varré JS, Godé C, Schmitt E, Meyer E, Van Rossum F, Touzet P. Reproductive isolation among lineages of Silene nutans (Caryophyllaceae): A potential involvement of plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 169:107436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Märkle H, John S, Cornille A, Fields PD, Tellier A. Novel genomic approaches to study antagonistic coevolution between hosts and parasites. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:3660-3676. [PMID: 34038012 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Host-parasite coevolution is ubiquitous, shaping genetic and phenotypic diversity and the evolutionary trajectory of interacting species. With the advances of high throughput sequencing technologies applicable to model and non-model organisms alike, it is now feasible to study in greater detail (a) the genetic underpinnings of coevolution, (b) the speed and type of dynamics at coevolving loci, and (c) the genomic consequences of coevolution. This review focuses on three recently developed approaches that leverage information from host and parasite full genome data simultaneously to pinpoint coevolving loci and draw inference on the coevolutionary history. First, co-genome-wide association study (co-GWAS) methods allow pinpointing the loci underlying host-parasite interactions. These methods focus on detecting associations between genetic variants and the outcome of experimental infection tests or on correlations between genomes of naturally infected hosts and their infecting parasites. Second, extensions to population genomics methods can detect genes under coevolution and infer the coevolutionary history, such as fitness costs. Third, correlations between host and parasite population size in time are indicative of coevolution, and polymorphism levels across independent spatially distributed populations of hosts and parasites can reveal coevolutionary loci and infer coevolutionary history. We describe the principles of these three approaches and discuss their advantages and limitations based on coevolutionary theory. We present recommendations for their application to various host (prokaryotes, fungi, plants, and animals) and parasite (viruses, bacteria, fungi, and macroparasites) species. We conclude by pointing out methodological and theoretical gaps to be filled to extract maximum information from full genome data and thereby to shed light on the molecular underpinnings of coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Märkle
- Professorship for Population Genetics, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sona John
- Professorship for Population Genetics, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Amandine Cornille
- INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, GQE - Le Moulon, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Peter D Fields
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Zoology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Tellier
- Professorship for Population Genetics, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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8
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Muyle A, Martin H, Zemp N, Mollion M, Gallina S, Tavares R, Silva A, Bataillon T, Widmer A, Glémin S, Touzet P, Marais GAB. Dioecy Is Associated with High Genetic Diversity and Adaptation Rates in the Plant Genus Silene. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:805-818. [PMID: 32926156 PMCID: PMC7947750 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
About 15,000 angiosperm species (∼6%) have separate sexes, a phenomenon known as dioecy. Why dioecious taxa are so rare is still an open question. Early work reported lower species richness in dioecious compared with nondioecious sister clades, raising the hypothesis that dioecy may be an evolutionary dead-end. This hypothesis has been recently challenged by macroevolutionary analyses that detected no or even positive effect of dioecy on diversification. However, the possible genetic consequences of dioecy at the population level, which could drive the long-term fate of dioecious lineages, have not been tested so far. Here, we used a population genomics approach in the Silene genus to look for possible effects of dioecy, especially for potential evidence of evolutionary handicaps of dioecy underlying the dead-end hypothesis. We collected individual-based RNA-seq data from several populations in 13 closely related species with different sexual systems: seven dioecious, three hermaphroditic, and three gynodioecious species. We show that dioecy is associated with increased genetic diversity, as well as higher selection efficacy both against deleterious mutations and for beneficial mutations. The results hold after controlling for phylogenetic inertia, differences in species census population sizes and geographic ranges. We conclude that dioecious Silene species neither show signs of increased mutational load nor genetic evidence for extinction risk. We discuss these observations in the light of the possible demographic differences between dioecious and self-compatible hermaphroditic species and how this could be related to alternatives to the dead-end hypothesis to explain the rarity of dioecy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Muyle
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Hélène Martin
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Integrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Niklaus Zemp
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Genetic Diversity Centre (GDC), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maéva Mollion
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sophie Gallina
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Raquel Tavares
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alexandre Silva
- Centro de Interpretação da Serra da Estrela (CISE), Seia, Portugal
| | - Thomas Bataillon
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Alex Widmer
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Glémin
- CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution)]—UMR 6553, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Center and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pascal Touzet
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198—Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gabriel A B Marais
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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9
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Divergence in flowering time is a major component contributing to reproductive isolation between two wild rice species (Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara). SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2020; 63:1714-1724. [PMID: 32318909 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-1678-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
It is of critical importance for our understanding of speciation process to determine the forms of reproductive isolation and their relative importance in species divergence. Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon are direct ancestors of Asian cultivated rice and a progenitor-daughter species pair. Investigating the reproductive isolation between them provides insights into plant speciation and helps understanding of the rice domestication. Here, we quantitatively measured the major components of reproductive isolation between the two species based on common garden and crossing experiments for three pairs of sympatric populations in Nepal, Cambodia and Laos. We revealed significant differences in the flowering times between species pairs, with O. nivara flowering much earlier than O. rufipogon. A very weak reduction in seed set but no reduction in F1 viability and fertility were detected for the crosses between species relative to those within species. Moreover, we detected asymmetrical compatibility between species and found that emasculation significantly decreased pollination success in O. nivara but not in O. rufipogon. Our study demonstrates that the divergence between O. nivara and O. rufipogon is maintained almost entirely by the difference in flowering times and suggests that differential flowering times contribute to both habitat preferences and reproductive isolation between species.
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10
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Van Rossum F, Hardy OJ, Le Pajolec S, Raspé O. Genetic monitoring of translocated plant populations in practice. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:4040-4058. [PMID: 32654225 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant translocations allow the restoration of genetic diversity in inbred and depauperate populations and help to prevent the extinction of critically endangered species. However, the successes of plant translocations in restoring genetically viable populations and the possible associated key factors are still insufficiently evaluated. To fill this gap, we carried out a thorough genetic monitoring of three populations of Arnica montana that were created or reinforced by the translocation of plants obtained from seeds of two large natural source populations from southern Belgium. We genotyped nine microsatellite markers and measured fitness quantitative traits over two generations (transplants, F1 seed progeny and newly established F1 juveniles). Two years after translocation, the genetic restoration had been effective, with high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation across generations, extensive contemporary pollen flow, admixture between seed sources in the F1 generation and recruitment of new individuals from seeds. We detected site, seed source and maternal plant effects on plant fitness. The results also suggest that phenotypic plasticity may favour short-term individual survival and long-term adaptive capacity and enhance the evolutionary resilience of the populations to changing environmental conditions. We found no sign of heterosis or outbreeding depression at early life stages in the F1 generation. Our findings emphasize the importance of the translocation design (700 transplants of mixed sources, planted at high density) as well as the preparatory site management for the successful outcome of the translocations, which maximized flowering, random mating, and recruitment from seeds in the first years after translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium.,Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service général de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Unit of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Olivier Raspé
- Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium.,Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, Service général de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Brussels, Belgium.,Center of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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11
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Does pollination syndrome reflect pollinator efficiency in Silene nutans? ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2020.103557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Feng C, Yi H, Yang L, Kang M. The genetic basis of hybrid male sterility in sympatric Primulina species. BMC Evol Biol 2020; 20:49. [PMID: 32349663 PMCID: PMC7191819 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-020-01617-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sympatric sister species provide an opportunity to investigate the genetic mechanisms and evolutionary forces that maintain species boundaries. The persistence of morphologically and genetically distinct populations in sympatry can only occur if some degree of reproductive isolation exists. A pair of sympatric sister species of Primulina (P. depressa and P. danxiaensis) was used to explore the genetic architecture of hybrid male sterility. RESULTS We mapped one major- and seven minor-effect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that underlie pollen fertility rate (PFR). These loci jointly explained 55.4% of the phenotypic variation in the F2 population. A Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller (BDM) model involving three loci was observed in this system. We found genotypic correlations between hybrid male sterility and flower morphology, consistent with the weak but significant phenotypic correlations between PFR and floral traits. CONCLUSIONS Hybrid male sterility in Primulina is controlled by a polygenic genetic basis with a complex pattern. The genetic incompatibility involves a three-locus BDM model. Hybrid male sterility is genetically correlated with floral morphology and divergence hitchhiking may occur between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
| | - Huiqin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
| | - Ming Kang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
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13
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Postel Z, Touzet P. Cytonuclear Genetic Incompatibilities in Plant Speciation. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040487. [PMID: 32290056 PMCID: PMC7238192 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the endosymbiotic origin of organelles, a pattern of coevolution and coadaptation between organellar and nuclear genomes is required for proper cell function. In this review, we focus on the impact of cytonuclear interaction on the reproductive isolation of plant species. We give examples of cases where species exhibit barriers to reproduction which involve plastid-nuclear or mito-nuclear genetic incompatibilities, and describe the evolutionary processes at play. We also discuss potential mechanisms of hybrid fitness recovery such as paternal leakage. Finally, we point out the possible interplay between plant mating systems and cytonuclear coevolution, and its consequence on plant speciation.
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14
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Hartmann FE, Snirc A, Cornille A, Godé C, Touzet P, Van Rossum F, Fournier E, Le Prieur S, Shykoff J, Giraud T. Congruent population genetic structures and divergence histories in anther‐smut fungi and their host plants
Silene italica
and the
Silene nutans
species complex. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1154-1172. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny E. Hartmann
- Ecologie Systematique Evolution Batiment 360 AgroParisTech CNRS Universite Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
| | - Alodie Snirc
- Ecologie Systematique Evolution Batiment 360 AgroParisTech CNRS Universite Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
| | - Amandine Cornille
- Genetique Quantitative et Evolution–Le Moulon AgroParisTech CNRS INRAE Universite Paris‐Saclay Gif‐sur‐Yvette France
| | - Cécile Godé
- UMR 8198 ‐ Evo‐Eco‐Paleo CNRS Univ. Lille Lille France
| | - Pascal Touzet
- UMR 8198 ‐ Evo‐Eco‐Paleo CNRS Univ. Lille Lille France
| | - Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden Meise Belgium
- Fédération Wallonie–Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | | | - Stéphanie Le Prieur
- Ecologie Systematique Evolution Batiment 360 AgroParisTech CNRS Universite Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
| | - Jacqui Shykoff
- Ecologie Systematique Evolution Batiment 360 AgroParisTech CNRS Universite Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
| | - Tatiana Giraud
- Ecologie Systematique Evolution Batiment 360 AgroParisTech CNRS Universite Paris‐Saclay Orsay France
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15
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Bogdanova VS. Genetic and Molecular Genetic Basis of Nuclear-Plastid Incompatibilities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E23. [PMID: 31878042 PMCID: PMC7020172 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Genetic analysis of nuclear-cytoplasm incompatibilities is not straightforward and requires an elaborated experimental design. A number of species have been genetically studied, but notable advances in genetic mapping of nuclear loci involved in nuclear-plastid incompatibility have been achieved only in wheat and pea. This review focuses on the study of the genetic background underlying nuclear-plastid incompatibilities, including cases where the molecular genetic basis of such incompatibility has been unveiled, such as in tobacco, Oenothera, pea, and wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera S Bogdanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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16
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Chin TA, Cáceres CE, Cristescu ME. The evolution of reproductive isolation in Daphnia. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:216. [PMID: 31775606 PMCID: PMC6880586 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process by which populations evolve to become new species involves the emergence of various reproductive isolating barriers (RIB). Despite major advancements in understanding this complex process, very little is known about the order in which RIBs evolve or their relative contribution to the total restriction of gene flow during various stages of speciation. This is mainly due to the difficulties of studying reproductive isolation during the early stages of species formation. This study examines ecological and non-ecological RIB within and between Daphnia pulex and Daphnia pulicaria, two recently diverged species that inhabit distinct habitats and exhibit an unusual level of intraspecific genetic subdivision. RESULTS We find that while ecological prezygotic barriers are close to completion, none of the non-ecological barriers can restrict gene flow between D. pulex and D. pulicaria completely when acting alone. Surprisingly, we also identified high levels of postzygotic reproductive isolation in 'conspecific' interpopulation crosses of D. pulex. CONCLUSIONS While the ecological prezygotic barriers are prevalent during the mature stages of speciation, non-ecological barriers likely dominated the early stages of speciation. This finding indicates the importance of studying the very early stages of speciation and suggests the contribution of postzygotic isolation in initiating the process of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Chin
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Carla E Cáceres
- School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Melania E Cristescu
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 1B1, Canada
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17
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Wegener JE, Pita‐Aquino JN, Atutubo J, Moreno A, Kolbe JJ. Hybridization and rapid differentiation after secondary contact between the native green anole ( Anolis carolinensis) and the introduced green anole ( Anolis porcatus). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:4138-4148. [PMID: 31015994 PMCID: PMC6468060 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In allopatric species, reproductive isolation evolves through the accumulation of genetic incompatibilities. The degree of divergence required for complete reproductive isolation is highly variable across taxa, which makes the outcome of secondary contact between allopatric species unpredictable. Since before the Pliocene, two species of Anolis lizards, Anolis carolinensis and Anolis porcatus, have been allopatric, yet this period of independent evolution has not led to substantial species-specific morphological differentiation, and therefore, they might not be reproductively isolated. In this study, we determined the genetic consequences of localized, secondary contact between the native green anole, A. carolinensis, and the introduced Cuban green anole, A. porcatus, in South Miami. Using 18 microsatellite markers, we found that the South Miami population formed a genetic cluster distinct from both parental species. Mitochondrial DNA revealed maternal A. porcatus ancestry for 35% of the individuals sampled from this population, indicating a high degree of cytonuclear discordance. Thus, hybridization with A. porcatus, not just population structure within A. carolinensis, may be responsible for the genetic distinctiveness of this population. Using tree-based maximum-likelihood analysis, we found support for a more recent, secondary introduction of A. porcatus to Florida. Evidence that ~33% of the nuclear DNA resulted from a secondary introduction supports the hybrid origin of the green anole population in South Miami. We used multiple lines of evidence and multiple genetic markers to reconstruct otherwise cryptic patterns of species introduction and hybridization. Genetic evidence for a lack of reproductive isolation, as well as morphological similarities between the two species, supports revising the taxonomy of A. carolinensis to include A. porcatus from western Cuba. Future studies should target the current geographic extent of introgression originating from the past injection of genetic material from Cuban green anoles and determine the consequences for the evolutionary trajectory of green anole populations in southern Florida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna E. Wegener
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island
| | | | - Jessica Atutubo
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island
| | - Adam Moreno
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyBrown UniversityProvidenceRhode Island
- Present address:
College of Veterinary MedicineOhio State UniversityColumbusOhio
| | - Jason J. Kolbe
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRhode Island
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18
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Peccoud J, Pleydell DRJ, Sauvion N. A framework for estimating the effects of sequential reproductive barriers: Implementation using Bayesian models with field data from cryptic species. Evolution 2018; 72:2503-2512. [PMID: 30194777 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determining how reproductive barriers modulate gene flow between populations represents a major step toward understanding the factors shaping the course of speciation. Although many indices quantifying reproductive isolation (RI) have been proposed, they do not permit the quantification of cross-direction-specific RI under varying species frequencies and over arbitrary sequences of barriers. Furthermore, techniques quantifying associated uncertainties are lacking, and statistical methods unrelated to biological process are still preferred for obtaining confidence intervals and P-values. To address these shortcomings, we provide new RI indices that model changes in gene flow for both directions of hybridization, and we implement them in a Bayesian model. We use this model to quantify RI between two species of the psyllid Cacopsylla pruni based on field genotypic data for mating individuals, inseminated spermatophores and progeny. The results showed that preinsemination isolation was strong, mildly asymmetric, and indistinguishably different between study sites despite large differences in species frequencies; that postinsemination isolation strongly affected the more common hybrid type; and that cumulative isolation was close to complete. In the light of these results, we discuss how these developments can strengthen comparative RI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Peccoud
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,Current Address: Laboratoire Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, UMR 7267 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, 86000 Poitiers, France
| | - David R J Pleydell
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.,Current Address: UMR Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Écosystèmes, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Sauvion
- BGPI, Univ Montpellier, INRA, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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19
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Van Rossum F, Raspé O. Contribution of genetics for implementing population translocation of the threatened Arnica montana. CONSERV GENET 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-018-1087-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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Randle AM, Spigler RB, Kalisz S. Shifts to earlier selfing in sympatry may reduce costs of pollinator sharing. Evolution 2018; 72:1587-1599. [PMID: 29917223 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Coexisting plant congeners often experience strong competition for resources. Competition for pollinators can result in direct fitness costs via reduced seed set or indirect costs via heterospecific pollen transfer (HPT), causing subsequent gamete loss and unfit hybrid offspring production. Autonomous selfing may alleviate these costs, but to preempt HPT, selfing should occur early, before opportunities for HPT occur (i.e., "preemptive selfing hypothesis"). We evaluated conditions for this hypothesis in Collinsia sister species, C. linearis and C. rattanii. In field studies, we found virtually identical flowering times and pollinator sharing between congeners in sympatric populations. Compared to allopatric populations, sympatric C. linearis populations enjoyed higher pollinator visitation rates, whereas visitation to C. rattanii did not differ in sympatry. Importantly, the risk of HPT to each species in sympatry was strongly asymmetrical; interspecies visits comprised 40% of all flower-to-flower visits involving C. rattanii compared to just 4% involving C. linearis. Additionally, our greenhouse experiment demonstrated a strong cost of hybridization when C. rattanii was the pollen donor. Together, these results suggest that C. rattanii pays the greatest cost of pollinator sharing. Matching predictions of the preemptive selfing hypothesis, C. rattanii exhibit significantly earlier selfing in sympatric relative to allopatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- April M Randle
- Department of Environmental Science, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94117
| | - Rachel B Spigler
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122
| | - Susan Kalisz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37919
- Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
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21
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Fishman L, Sweigart AL. When Two Rights Make a Wrong: The Evolutionary Genetics of Plant Hybrid Incompatibilities. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 69:707-731. [PMID: 29505737 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042817-040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hybrids between flowering plant species often exhibit reduced fitness, including sterility and inviability. Such hybrid incompatibilities create barriers to genetic exchange that can promote reproductive isolation between diverging populations and, ultimately, speciation. Additionally, hybrid breakdown opens a window into hidden molecular and evolutionary processes occurring within species. Here, we review recent work on the mechanisms and origins of hybrid incompatibility in flowering plants, including both diverse genic interactions and chromosomal incompatibilities. Conflict and coevolution among and within plant genomes contributes to the evolution of some well-characterized genic incompatibilities, but duplication and drift also play important roles. Inversions, while contributing to speciation by suppressing recombination, rarely cause underdominant sterility. Translocations cause severe F1 sterility by disrupting meiosis in heterozygotes, making their fixation in outcrossing sister species a paradox. Evolutionary genomic analyses of both genic and chromosomal incompatibilities, in the context of population genetic theory, can explicitly test alternative scenarios for their origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lila Fishman
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA;
| | - Andrea L Sweigart
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA;
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22
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Barnard‐Kubow KB, Galloway LF. Variation in reproductive isolation across a species range. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:9347-9357. [PMID: 29187973 PMCID: PMC5696433 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive isolation is often variable within species, a phenomenon that while largely ignored by speciation studies, can be leveraged to gain insight into the potential mechanisms driving the evolution of genetic incompatibilities. We used experimental greenhouse crosses to characterize patterns of reproductive isolation among three divergent genetic lineages of Campanulastrum americanum that occur in close geographic proximity in the Appalachian Mountains. Substantial, asymmetrical reproductive isolation for survival due to cytonuclear incompatibility was found among the lineages (up to 94% reduction). Moderate reductions in pollen viability, as well as cytoplasmic male sterility, were also found between some Mountain populations. We then compared these results to previously established patterns of reproductive isolation between these Mountain lineages and a fourth, widespread Western lineage to fully characterize reproductive isolation across the complete geographic and genetic range of C. americanum. Reproductive isolation for survival and pollen viability was consistent across studies, indicating the evolution of the underlying genetic incompatibilities is primarily determined by intrinsic factors. In contrast, reproductive isolation for germination was only found when crossing Mountain populations with the Western lineage, suggesting the underlying genetic incompatibility is likely influenced by environmental or demographic differences between the two lineages. Cytoplasmic male sterility was also limited in occurrence, being restricted to a handful of Mountain populations in a narrow geographic range. These findings illustrate the complexity of speciation by demonstrating multiple, independent genetic incompatibilities that lead to a mosaic of genetic divergence and reproductive isolation across a species range.
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