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Postel Z, Van Rossum F, Godé C, Schmitt E, Touzet P. Paternal leakage of plastids rescues inter-lineage hybrids in Silene nutans. Ann Bot 2024; 133:427-434. [PMID: 38141228 PMCID: PMC11006537 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Organelle genomes are usually maternally inherited in angiosperms. However, biparental inheritance has been observed, especially in hybrids resulting from crosses between divergent genetic lineages. When it concerns the plastid genome, this exceptional mode of inheritance might rescue inter-lineage hybrids suffering from plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. Genetically differentiated lineages of Silene nutans exhibit strong postzygotic isolation owing to plastid-nuclear incompatibilities, highlighted by inter-lineage hybrid chlorosis and mortality. Surviving hybrids can exhibit variegated leaves, which might indicate paternal leakage of the plastid genome. We tested whether the surviving hybrids inherited the paternal plastid genome and survived thanks to paternal leakage. METHODS We characterized the leaf phenotype (fully green, variegated or white) of 504 surviving inter-lineage hybrids obtained from a reciprocal cross experiment among populations of four genetic lineages (W1, W2, W3 and E1) of S. nutans from Western Europe and genotyped 560 leaf samples (both green and white leaves for variegated hybrids) using six lineage-specific plastid single nucleotide polymorphisms. KEY RESULTS A high proportion of the surviving hybrids (≤98 %) inherited the paternal plastid genome, indicating paternal leakage. The level of paternal leakage depended on cross type and cross direction. The E1 and W2 lineages as maternal lineages led to the highest hybrid mortality and to the highest paternal leakage from W1 and W3 lineages in the few surviving hybrids. This was consistent with E1 and W2 lineages, which contained the most divergent plastid genomes. When W3 was the mother, more hybrids survived, and no paternal leakage was detected. CONCLUSIONS By providing a plastid genome potentially more compatible with the hybrid nuclear background, paternal leakage has the potential to rescue inter-lineage hybrids from plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. This phenomenon might slow down the speciation process, provided hybrid survival and reproduction can occur in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Postel
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabienne Van Rossum
- Meise Botanic Garden, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium
- Service général de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique, Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles, rue A. Lavallée 1, BE-1080 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cécile Godé
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Touzet
- Univ Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo-Eco-Paleo, F-59000 Lille, France
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Renard E, Bonnet C, Di Patrizio M, Schmitt E, Madkaud AC, Chabot C, Kuchenbuch M, Lambert L. Megalencephaly secondary to a novel germline missense variant p.Asp322Tyr in AKT3 associated with growth hormone deficiency and central hypothyroidism: A case report. Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63585. [PMID: 38459620 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Germline gain of function variations in the AKT3 gene cause brain overgrowth syndrome with megalencephaly and diffuse bilateral cortical malformations. Here we report a child with megalencephaly, who is a carrier of a novel heterozygous missense variant in the AKT3 gene NM_005465.7:c.964G>T,p.Asp322Tyr. The phenotype of this patient is associated with pituitary deficiencies diagnosed at 2 years of age: growth hormone (GH) deficiency responsible for growth delay and central hypothyroidism. After 6 months of GH treatment, intracranial hypertension was noted, confirmed by the observation of papilledema and increased intracranial pressure, requiring the initiation of acetazolamide treatment and the discontinuation of GH treatment. This is the second reported patient described with megalencephaly and AKT3 gene variant associated with GH deficiency . Other endocrine disorders have also been reported in few cases with hypothyroidism and hypoglycemia. Pituitary deficiency may be a part of the of megalencephaly phenotype secondary to germline variant in the AKT3 gene. Special attention should be paid to growth in these patients and search for endocrine deficiency is necessary in case of growth retardation or hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Renard
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
- INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - C Bonnet
- INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Genetics Laboratory, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - M Di Patrizio
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - E Schmitt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - A C Madkaud
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - C Chabot
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - M Kuchenbuch
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
- University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - L Lambert
- INSERM UMR_S 1256, Nutrition, Genetics, and Environmental Risk Exposure (NGERE), Faculty of Medicine of Nancy, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
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Franco A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Pucciarelli V, Borrelli L, Addeo NF, Bovera F, Laginestra A, Schmitt E, Falabella P. Antimicrobial activity of lipids extracted from Hermetia illucens reared on different substrates. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:167. [PMID: 38261012 PMCID: PMC10806025 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
As the problem of antimicrobial resistance is constantly increasing, there is a renewed interest in antimicrobial products derived from natural sources, particularly obtained from innovative and eco-friendly materials. Insect lipids, due to their fatty acid composition, can be classified as natural antimicrobial compounds. In order to assess the antibacterial efficacy of Hermetia illucens lipids, we extracted this component from the larval stage, fed on different substrates and we characterized it. Moreover, we analyzed the fatty acid composition of the feeding substrate, to determine if and how it could affect the antimicrobial activity of the lipid component. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Gram-positive Micrococcus flavus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Analyzing the fatty acid profiles of larval lipids that showed activity against the two bacterial strains, we detected significant differences for C4:0, C10:0, C16:1, C18:3 n3 (ALA), and C20:1. The strongest antimicrobial activity was verified against Micrococcus flavus by lipids extracted from larvae reared on strawberry, tangerine, and fresh manure substrates, with growth inhibition zones ranged from 1.38 to 1.51 mm, while only the rearing on manure showed the effect against Escherichia coli. Notably, the fatty acid profile of H. illucens seems to not be really influenced by the substrate fatty acid profile, except for C18:0 and C18:2 CIS n6 (LA). This implies that other factors, such as the rearing conditions, larval development stages, and other nutrients such as carbohydrates, affect the amount of fatty acids in insects. KEY POINTS: • Feeding substrates influence larval lipids and fatty acids (FA) • Generally, there is no direct correlation between substrate FAs and the same larvae FAs • Specific FAs influence more the antimicrobial effect of BSF lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Franco
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies S.R.L, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies S.R.L, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
- Spinoff XFlies S.R.L, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
| | - Valentina Pucciarelli
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Luca Borrelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Francesco Addeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137, Naples, Italy
| | - Ambrogio Laginestra
- Department of Relations With the Territory, TotalEnergies EP Italia S.P.A, Via Della Tecnica, 4, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Protix B.V., Industriestaat 3, NC, 5107, Dongen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
- Spinoff XFlies S.R.L, University of Basilicata, Via Dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
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Wittek M, Manke-Reimers F, Schmitt E. Implementation behavior of communities regarding relatives caring for people with dementia : A quantitative study among German communities. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2023:10.1007/s00391-023-02232-w. [PMID: 37674060 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-023-02232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actors from the community (CAs) play a fundamental role in the support of caring relatives (CRs) of people with dementia (PWD). As their support is not sufficient, the implementation of support services needs to be optimized; however, little is known about the factors associated with the implementation behavior of CAs. AIM This study aimed to investigate the association of person-related factors with the implementation behavior of CAs. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 205 CAs from 16 German communities were surveyed with the community implementation behaviour questionnaire (CIBQ), which is based on the theoretical domains framework. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify person-related factors associated with the implementation behavior regarding support services for CRs of PWD. RESULTS Implementing support services for CRs of PWD is positively and significantly (p < 0.001) associated with the agreement of CAs with the CIBQ domains. Higher scores in the CIBQ increase the chance that CAs implemented support services for the target group. CONCLUSION The CIBQ is a tool to determine the status of implementation behavior of communities. This enables an analysis of the areas CAs need to work on in order to optimize the implementation of support services for CRs of PWD or other health and care-related topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wittek
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health (CPD), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Alte Brauerei, Röngtenstraße 7, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Fabian Manke-Reimers
- Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health (CPD), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Alte Brauerei, Röngtenstraße 7, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
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Smitherman EA, Chahine RA, Beukelman T, Lewandowski LB, Rahman AKMF, Wenderfer SE, Curtis JR, Hersh AO, Abulaban K, Adams A, Adams M, Agbayani R, Aiello J, Akoghlanian S, Alejandro C, Allenspach E, Alperin R, Alpizar M, Amarilyo G, Ambler W, Anderson E, Ardoin S, Armendariz S, Baker E, Balboni I, Balevic S, Ballenger L, Ballinger S, Balmuri N, Barbar‐Smiley F, Barillas‐Arias L, Basiaga M, Baszis K, Becker M, Bell‐Brunson H, Beltz E, Benham H, Benseler S, Bernal W, Beukelman T, Bigley T, Binstadt B, Black C, Blakley M, Bohnsack J, Boland J, Boneparth A, Bowman S, Bracaglia C, Brooks E, Brothers M, Brown A, Brunner H, Buckley M, Buckley M, Bukulmez H, Bullock D, Cameron B, Canna S, Cannon L, Carper P, Cartwright V, Cassidy E, Cerracchio L, Chalom E, Chang J, Chang‐Hoftman A, Chauhan V, Chira P, Chinn T, Chundru K, Clairman H, Co D, Confair A, Conlon H, Connor R, Cooper A, Cooper J, Cooper S, Correll C, Corvalan R, Costanzo D, Cron R, Curiel‐Duran L, Curington T, Curry M, Dalrymple A, Davis A, Davis C, Davis C, Davis T, De Benedetti F, De Ranieri D, Dean J, Dedeoglu F, DeGuzman M, Delnay N, Dempsey V, DeSantis E, Dickson T, Dingle J, Donaldson B, Dorsey E, Dover S, Dowling J, Drew J, Driest K, Du Q, Duarte K, Durkee D, Duverger E, Dvergsten J, Eberhard A, Eckert M, Ede K, Edelheit B, Edens C, Edens C, Edgerly Y, Elder M, Ervin B, Fadrhonc S, Failing C, Fair D, Falcon M, Favier L, Federici S, Feldman B, Fennell J, Ferguson I, Ferguson P, Ferreira B, Ferrucho R, Fields K, Finkel T, Fitzgerald M, Fleming C, Flynn O, Fogel L, Fox E, Fox M, Franco L, Freeman M, Fritz K, Froese S, Fuhlbrigge R, Fuller J, George N, Gerhold K, Gerstbacher D, Gilbert M, Gillispie‐Taylor M, Giverc E, Godiwala C, Goh I, Goheer H, Goldsmith D, Gotschlich E, Gotte A, Gottlieb B, Gracia C, Graham T, Grevich S, Griffin T, Griswold J, Grom A, Guevara M, Guittar P, Guzman M, Hager M, Hahn T, Halyabar O, Hammelev E, Hance M, Hanson A, Harel L, Haro S, Harris J, Harry O, Hartigan E, Hausmann J, Hay A, Hayward K, Heiart J, Hekl K, Henderson L, Henrickson M, Hersh A, Hickey K, Hill P, Hillyer S, Hiraki L, Hiskey M, Hobday P, Hoffart C, Holland M, Hollander M, Hong S, Horwitz M, Hsu J, Huber A, Huggins J, Hui‐Yuen J, Hung C, Huntington J, Huttenlocher A, Ibarra M, Imundo L, Inman C, Insalaco A, Jackson A, Jackson S, James K, Janow G, Jaquith J, Jared S, Johnson N, Jones J, Jones J, Jones J, Jones K, Jones S, Joshi S, Jung L, Justice C, Justiniano A, Karan N, Kaufman K, Kemp A, Kessler E, Khalsa U, Kienzle B, Kim S, Kimura Y, Kingsbury D, Kitcharoensakkul M, Klausmeier T, Klein K, Klein‐Gitelman M, Kompelien B, Kosikowski A, Kovalick L, Kracker J, Kramer S, Kremer C, Lai J, Lam J, Lang B, Lapidus S, Lapin B, Lasky A, Latham D, Lawson E, Laxer R, Lee P, Lee P, Lee T, Lentini L, Lerman M, Levy D, Li S, Lieberman S, Lim L, Lin C, Ling N, Lingis M, Lo M, Lovell D, Lowman D, Luca N, Lvovich S, Madison C, Madison J, Manzoni SM, Malla B, Maller J, Malloy M, Mannion M, Manos C, Marques L, Martyniuk A, Mason T, Mathus S, McAllister L, McCarthy K, McConnell K, McCormick E, McCurdy D, Stokes PM, McGuire S, McHale I, McMonagle A, McMullen‐Jackson C, Meidan E, Mellins E, Mendoza E, Mercado R, Merritt A, Michalowski L, Miettunen P, Miller M, Milojevic D, Mirizio E, Misajon E, Mitchell M, Modica R, Mohan S, Moore K, Moorthy L, Morgan S, Dewitt EM, Moss C, Moussa T, Mruk V, Murphy A, Muscal E, Nadler R, Nahal B, Nanda K, Nasah N, Nassi L, Nativ S, Natter M, Neely J, Nelson B, Newhall L, Ng L, Nicholas J, Nicolai R, Nigrovic P, Nocton J, Nolan B, Oberle E, Obispo B, O'Brien B, O'Brien T, Okeke O, Oliver M, Olson J, O'Neil K, Onel K, Orandi A, Orlando M, Osei‐Onomah S, Oz R, Pagano E, Paller A, Pan N, Panupattanapong S, Pardeo M, Paredes J, Parsons A, Patel J, Pentakota K, Pepmueller P, Pfeiffer T, Phillippi K, Marafon DP, Phillippi K, Ponder L, Pooni R, Prahalad S, Pratt S, Protopapas S, Puplava B, Quach J, Quinlan‐Waters M, Rabinovich C, Radhakrishna S, Rafko J, Raisian J, Rakestraw A, Ramirez C, Ramsay E, Ramsey S, Randell R, Reed A, Reed A, Reed A, Reid H, Remmel K, Repp A, Reyes A, Richmond A, Riebschleger M, Ringold S, Riordan M, Riskalla M, Ritter M, Rivas‐Chacon R, Robinson A, Rodela E, Rodriquez M, Rojas K, Ronis T, Rosenkranz M, Rosolowski B, Rothermel H, Rothman D, Roth‐Wojcicki E, Rouster – Stevens K, Rubinstein T, Ruth N, Saad N, Sabbagh S, Sacco E, Sadun R, Sandborg C, Sanni A, Santiago L, Sarkissian A, Savani S, Scalzi L, Schanberg L, Scharnhorst S, Schikler K, Schlefman A, Schmeling H, Schmidt K, Schmitt E, Schneider R, Schollaert‐Fitch K, Schulert G, Seay T, Seper C, Shalen J, Sheets R, Shelly A, Shenoi S, Shergill K, Shirley J, Shishov M, Shivers C, Silverman E, Singer N, Sivaraman V, Sletten J, Smith A, Smith C, Smith J, Smith J, Smitherman E, Soep J, Son M, Spence S, Spiegel L, Spitznagle J, Sran R, Srinivasalu H, Stapp H, Steigerwald K, Rakovchik YS, Stern S, Stevens A, Stevens B, Stevenson R, Stewart K, Stingl C, Stokes J, Stoll M, Stringer E, Sule S, Sumner J, Sundel R, Sutter M, Syed R, Syverson G, Szymanski A, Taber S, Tal R, Tambralli A, Taneja A, Tanner T, Tapani S, Tarshish G, Tarvin S, Tate L, Taxter A, Taylor J, Terry M, Tesher M, Thatayatikom A, Thomas B, Tiffany K, Ting T, Tipp A, Toib D, Torok K, Toruner C, Tory H, Toth M, Tse S, Tubwell V, Twilt M, Uriguen S, Valcarcel T, Van Mater H, Vannoy L, Varghese C, Vasquez N, Vazzana K, Vehe R, Veiga K, Velez J, Verbsky J, Vilar G, Volpe N, von Scheven E, Vora S, Wagner J, Wagner‐Weiner L, Wahezi D, Waite H, Walker J, Walters H, Muskardin TW, Waqar L, Waterfield M, Watson M, Watts A, Weiser P, Weiss J, Weiss P, Wershba E, White A, Williams C, Wise A, Woo J, Woolnough L, Wright T, Wu E, Yalcindag A, Yee M, Yen E, Yeung R, Yomogida K, Yu Q, Zapata R, Zartoshti A, Zeft A, Zeft R, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu A, Zic C. Childhood-Onset Lupus Nephritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: Short-Term Kidney Status and Variation in Care. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:1553-1562. [PMID: 36775844 PMCID: PMC10500561 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal was to characterize short-term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis. METHODS We analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded. RESULTS We identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy-proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8-29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21-12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers. CONCLUSION In this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short-term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long-term kidney outcomes.
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Postel Z, Sloan DB, Gallina S, Godé C, Schmitt E, Mangenot S, Drouard L, Varré JS, Touzet P. The decoupled evolution of the organellar genomes of Silene nutans leads to distinct roles in the speciation process. New Phytol 2023. [PMID: 37212044 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that cytonuclear incompatibilities (i.e. disruption of cytonuclear coadaptation) might contribute to the speciation process. In a former study, we described the possible involvement of plastid-nuclear incompatibilities in the reproductive isolation between four lineages of Silene nutans (Caryophyllaceae). Because organellar genomes are usually cotransmitted, we assessed whether the mitochondrial genome could also be involved in the speciation process, knowing that the gynodioecious breeding system of S. nutans is expected to impact the evolutionary dynamics of this genome. Using hybrid capture and high-throughput DNA sequencing, we analyzed diversity patterns in the genic content of the organellar genomes in the four S. nutans lineages. Contrary to the plastid genome, which exhibited a large number of fixed substitutions between lineages, extensive sharing of polymorphisms between lineages was found in the mitochondrial genome. In addition, numerous recombination-like events were detected in the mitochondrial genome, loosening the linkage disequilibrium between the organellar genomes and leading to decoupled evolution. These results suggest that gynodioecy shaped mitochondrial diversity through balancing selection, maintaining ancestral polymorphism and, thus, limiting the involvement of the mitochondrial genome in evolution of hybrid inviability between S. nutans lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoé Postel
- CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Daniel B Sloan
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1062, USA
| | - Sophie Gallina
- CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Cécile Godé
- CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Mangenot
- Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91057, Evry, France
| | - Laurence Drouard
- Institut de biologie moléculaire des plantes - CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Pascal Touzet
- CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
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Rouillon C, Camugli S, Carion O, Echegaray A, Delhomme G, Schmitt E. Antimicrobials in a rabbit semen extender: effects on reproduction. World Rabbit Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2022.17132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics was legally restricted by the European Commission in March 2019. Since the extender for rabbit semen Galap® contained this antibiotic, it became necessary to modify it. The purpose of this study was to search for another molecule, based on its antimicrobial activity and also on the conservation, motility and fertility of semen diluted with the new extender. Several bacterial strains were isolated from 10 poor-quality ejaculates, including Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Proteus spp. They were then tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Out of 15 antibiotics evaluated, gentamicin was the one targeting such bacteria. In vivo tests were then carried out to assess the effects of this antibiotic change on sperm parameters. Up to 26 pools of good quality semen (total motility >70%) were diluted in original Galap® or in this extender with gentamicin. Ejaculates were analysed on the day (D) of collection and up to 6 d of storage at +17°C. After 24 h storage, the motility in the new extender was reduced by 7.7% compared to the original; this decrease did not worsen by storing. After 6 d of storage, no difference between the two media was detected. A total of 360 females were then inseminated with pools of 4 to 5 good quality semen diluted 1:10 in both extenders, following the routine protocol of rabbit semen processing centres. There was no difference in female fertility or prolificacy between both formulations. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that the addition of gentamicin to this extender is useful andalso has no adverse effect on fertility or prolificacy.
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Wittek M, Manke-Reimers F, Schmitt E. Development and Psychometric Properties of the Community Implementation Behaviour Questionnaire (CIBQ) in the Context of Supporting Caring Relatives of People with Dementia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16198. [PMID: 36498271 PMCID: PMC9739227 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) investigates the determinants influencing the implementation behaviour of actors in healthcare. Caring for people with dementia (PWD) can be burdensome. Therefore, caring relatives (CRs) often rely on support of various actors in their community (CAs). However, the support of this target group is not sufficient, and the implementation of support services needs to be optimised. As it stands, there is no German-language questionnaire to investigate the factors that influence the implementation behaviour of CAs. Therefore, based on the TDF, the Community Implementation Behaviour Questionnaire (CIBQ) was developed in this study. A total of 205 CAs from 16 German communities were surveyed. The 34-item CIBQ asked about their implementation behaviour regarding support services for CRs of PWD. To identify the best model fit, the internal consistency and construct validity were computed. After adaptation, the final CIBQ consisted of ten domains and thirty-one items. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire are as follows: CMIN/DF = 1.63; SRMR = 0.05; RMSEA = 0.07; CFI = 0.92; Cronbach's alpha 0.74-0.89; inter-item correlation 0.38-0.88. The initial results show satisfactory internal consistency and construct validity of the CIBQ. Using the CIBQ enables the health and care optimisation of CRs of PWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wittek
- Institute of Gerontology, Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
- Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 7-11, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabian Manke-Reimers
- Center for Preventive Medicine and Digital Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 7-11, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Institute of Gerontology, Faculty of Behavioural and Cultural Studies, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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Scieuzo C, Franco A, Salvia R, Triunfo M, Addeo NF, Vozzo S, Piccolo G, Bovera F, Ritieni A, Francia AD, Laginestra A, Schmitt E, Falabella P. Enhancement of fruit byproducts through bioconversion by Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Insect Sci 2022. [PMID: 36433821 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion is a biological process by which organic materials are converted into products with higher biological and commercial value. During its larval stage the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens is extremely voracious and can feed on a wide variety of organic materials. To study the impact of different fruit byproducts on the insect's growth, final larval biomass, substrate reduction, bioconversion parameters, and larval nutritional composition, 10 000 black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) were reared on 7.0 kg of one of three substrates (strawberry, tangerine, or orange) or on a standard diet as a control. The results highlight that BSFL can successfully feed and grow on each of these diets, though their development time, growth rate, and final biomass were differently impacted by the substrates, with strawberry being the most suitable. The lipid and protein contents of BSFL were similar among larvae fed on different substrates; however, major differences were detected in ash, micronutrient, fiber, fatty acid, and amino acid contents. Overall, the results indicate that fruit waste management through the BSFL bioconversion process represents a commercially promising resource for regional and national agrifood companies. Our study offers new perspectives for sustainable and environmentally friendly industrial development by which fruit byproducts or waste might be disposed of or unconventionally enhanced to create secondary products of high biological and economic value, including BSFL biomass as animal feed or, in perspective, as alternative protein source for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Antonio Franco
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Micaela Triunfo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Nicola Francesco Addeo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Vozzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Ritieni
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Francia
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Ambrogio Laginestra
- Department of Relations with the Territory, TotalEnergies EP Italia S.p.A, Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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Hahn T, Daymont C, Beukelman T, Groh B, Hays K, Bingham CA, Scalzi L, Abel N, Abulaban K, Adams A, Adams M, Agbayani R, Aiello J, Akoghlanian S, Alejandro C, Allenspach E, Alperin R, Alpizar M, Amarilyo G, Ambler W, Anderson E, Ardoin S, Armendariz S, Baker E, Balboni I, Balevic S, Ballenger L, Ballinger S, Balmuri N, Barbar-Smiley F, Barillas-Arias L, Basiaga M, Baszis K, Becker M, Bell-Brunson H, Beltz E, Benham H, Benseler S, Bernal W, Beukelman T, Bigley T, Binstadt B, Black C, Blakley M, Bohnsack J, Boland J, Boneparth A, Bowman S, Bracaglia C, Brooks E, Brothers M, Brown A, Brunner H, Buckley M, Buckley M, Bukulmez H, Bullock D, Cameron B, Canna S, Cannon L, Carper P, Cartwright V, Cassidy E, Cerracchio L, Chalom E, Chang J, Chang-Hoftman A, Chauhan V, Chira P, Chinn T, Chundru K, Clairman H, Co D, Confair A, Conlon H, Connor R, Cooper A, Cooper J, Cooper S, Correll C, Corvalan R, Costanzo D, Cron R, Curiel-Duran L, Curington T, Curry M, Dalrymple A, Davis A, Davis C, Davis C, Davis T, De Benedetti F, De Ranieri D, Dean J, Dedeoglu F, DeGuzman M, Delnay N, Dempsey V, DeSantis E, Dickson T, Dingle J, Donaldson B, Dorsey E, Dover S, Dowling J, Drew J, Driest K, Du Q, Duarte K, Durkee D, Duverger E, Dvergsten J, Eberhard A, Eckert M, Ede K, Edelheit B, Edens C, Edens C, Edgerly Y, Elder M, Ervin B, Fadrhonc S, Failing C, Fair D, Falcon M, Favier L, Federici S, Feldman B, Fennell J, Ferguson I, Ferguson P, Ferreira B, Ferrucho R, Fields K, Finkel T, Fitzgerald M, Fleming C, Flynn O, Fogel L, Fox E, Fox M, Franco L, Freeman M, Fritz K, Froese S, Fuhlbrigge R, Fuller J, George N, Gerhold K, Gerstbacher D, Gilbert M, Gillispie-Taylor M, Giverc E, Godiwala C, Goh I, Goheer H, Goldsmith D, Gotschlich E, Gotte A, Gottlieb B, Gracia C, Graham T, Grevich S, Griffin T, Griswold J, Grom A, Guevara M, Guittar P, Guzman M, Hager M, Hahn T, Halyabar O, Hammelev E, Hance M, Hanson A, Harel L, Haro S, Harris J, Harry O, Hartigan E, Hausmann J, Hay A, Hayward K, Heiart J, Hekl K, Henderson L, Henrickson M, Hersh A, Hickey K, Hill P, Hillyer S, Hiraki L, Hiskey M, Hobday P, Hoffart C, Holland M, Hollander M, Hong S, Horwitz M, Hsu J, Huber A, Huggins J, Hui-Yuen J, Hung C, Huntington J, Huttenlocher A, Ibarra M, Imundo L, Inman C, Insalaco A, Jackson A, Jackson S, James K, Janow G, Jaquith J, Jared S, Johnson N, Jones J, Jones J, Jones J, Jones K, Jones S, Joshi S, Jung L, Justice C, Justiniano A, Karan N, Kaufman K, Kemp A, Kessler E, Khalsa U, Kienzle B, Kim S, Kimura Y, Kingsbury D, Kitcharoensakkul M, Klausmeier T, Klein K, Klein-Gitelman M, Kompelien B, Kosikowski A, Kovalick L, Kracker J, Kramer S, Kremer C, Lai J, Lam J, Lang B, Lapidus S, Lapin B, Lasky A, Latham D, Lawson E, Laxer R, Lee P, Lee P, Lee T, Lentini L, Lerman M, Levy D, Li S, Lieberman S, Lim L, Lin C, Ling N, Lingis M, Lo M, Lovell D, Lowman D, Luca N, Lvovich S, Madison C, Madison J, Manzoni SM, Malla B, Maller J, Malloy M, Mannion M, Manos C, Marques L, Martyniuk A, Mason T, Mathus S, McAllister L, McCarthy K, McConnell K, McCormick E, McCurdy D, Stokes PMC, McGuire S, McHale I, McMonagle A, McMullen-Jackson C, Meidan E, Mellins E, Mendoza E, Mercado R, Merritt A, Michalowski L, Miettunen P, Miller M, Milojevic D, Mirizio E, Misajon E, Mitchell M, Modica R, Mohan S, Moore K, Moorthy L, Morgan S, Dewitt EM, Moss C, Moussa T, Mruk V, Murphy A, Muscal E, Nadler R, Nahal B, Nanda K, Nasah N, Nassi L, Nativ S, Natter M, Neely J, Nelson B, Newhall L, Ng L, Nicholas J, Nicolai R, Nigrovic P, Nocton J, Nolan B, Oberle E, Obispo B, O’Brien B, O’Brien T, Okeke O, Oliver M, Olson J, O’Neil K, Onel K, Orandi A, Orlando M, Osei-Onomah S, Oz R, Pagano E, Paller A, Pan N, Panupattanapong S, Pardeo M, Paredes J, Parsons A, Patel J, Pentakota K, Pepmueller P, Pfeiffer T, Phillippi K, Marafon DP, Phillippi K, Ponder L, Pooni R, Prahalad S, Pratt S, Protopapas S, Puplava B, Quach J, Quinlan-Waters M, Rabinovich C, Radhakrishna S, Rafko J, Raisian J, Rakestraw A, Ramirez C, Ramsay E, Ramsey S, Randell R, Reed A, Reed A, Reed A, Reid H, Remmel K, Repp A, Reyes A, Richmond A, Riebschleger M, Ringold S, Riordan M, Riskalla M, Ritter M, Rivas-Chacon R, Robinson A, Rodela E, Rodriquez M, Rojas K, Ronis T, Rosenkranz M, Rosolowski B, Rothermel H, Rothman D, Roth-Wojcicki E, Rouster-Stevens K, Rubinstein T, Ruth N, Saad N, Sabbagh S, Sacco E, Sadun R, Sandborg C, Sanni A, Santiago L, Sarkissian A, Savani S, Scalzi L, Schanberg L, Scharnhorst S, Schikler K, Schlefman A, Schmeling H, Schmidt K, Schmitt E, Schneider R, Schollaert-Fitch K, Schulert G, Seay T, Seper C, Shalen J, Sheets R, Shelly A, Shenoi S, Shergill K, Shirley J, Shishov M, Shivers C, Silverman E, Singer N, Sivaraman V, Sletten J, Smith A, Smith C, Smith J, Smith J, Smitherman E, Soep J, Son M, Spence S, Spiegel L, Spitznagle J, Sran R, Srinivasalu H, Stapp H, Steigerwald K, Rakovchik YS, Stern S, Stevens A, Stevens B, Stevenson R, Stewart K, Stingl C, Stokes J, Stoll M, Stringer E, Sule S, Sumner J, Sundel R, Sutter M, Syed R, Syverson G, Szymanski A, Taber S, Tal R, Tambralli A, Taneja A, Tanner T, Tapani S, Tarshish G, Tarvin S, Tate L, Taxter A, Taylor J, Terry M, Tesher M, Thatayatikom A, Thomas B, Tiffany K, Ting T, Tipp A, Toib D, Torok K, Toruner C, Tory H, Toth M, Tse S, Tubwell V, Twilt M, Uriguen S, Valcarcel T, Van Mater H, Vannoy L, Varghese C, Vasquez N, Vazzana K, Vehe R, Veiga K, Velez J, Verbsky J, Vilar G, Volpe N, von Scheven E, Vora S, Wagner J, Wagner-Weiner L, Wahezi D, Waite H, Walker J, Walters H, Muskardin TW, Waqar L, Waterfield M, Watson M, Watts A, Weiser P, Weiss J, Weiss P, Wershba E, White A, Williams C, Wise A, Woo J, Woolnough L, Wright T, Wu E, Yalcindag A, Yee M, Yen E, Yeung R, Yomogida K, Yu Q, Zapata R, Zartoshti A, Zeft A, Zeft R, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu A, Zic C. Intraarticular steroids as DMARD-sparing agents for juvenile idiopathic arthritis flares: Analysis of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:107. [PMID: 36434731 PMCID: PMC9701017 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who achieve a drug free remission often experience a flare of their disease requiring either intraarticular steroids (IAS) or systemic treatment with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). IAS offer an opportunity to recapture disease control and avoid exposure to side effects from systemic immunosuppression. We examined a cohort of patients treated with IAS after drug free remission and report the probability of restarting systemic treatment within 12 months. METHODS We analyzed a cohort of patients from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry who received IAS for a flare after a period of drug free remission. Historical factors and clinical characteristics and of the patients including data obtained at the time of treatment were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 46 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Of those with follow up data available 49% had restarted systemic treatment 6 months after IAS injection and 70% had restarted systemic treatment at 12 months. The proportion of patients with prior use of a biologic DMARD was the only factor that differed between patients who restarted systemic treatment those who did not, both at 6 months (79% vs 35%, p < 0.01) and 12 months (81% vs 33%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION While IAS are an option for all patients who flare after drug free remission, it may not prevent the need to restart systemic treatment. Prior use of a biologic DMARD may predict lack of success for IAS. Those who previously received methotrexate only, on the other hand, are excellent candidates for IAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Hahn
- Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children's Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA, 17033-0855, USA.
| | - Carrie Daymont
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | - Timothy Beukelman
- grid.265892.20000000106344187Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, CPPN G10, 1600 7th Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA
| | - Brandt Groh
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | | | - Catherine April Bingham
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
| | - Lisabeth Scalzi
- grid.240473.60000 0004 0543 9901Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Children’s Hospital, 500 University Dr, Hershey, 90 Hope Drive, P.O. Box 855, Hershey, PA 17033-0855 USA
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Latron M, Arnaud J, Schmitt E, Duputié A. Idiosyncratic shifts in life‐history traits at species' geographic range edges. OIKOS 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eric Schmitt
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
| | - Anne Duputié
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 – Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
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Herzl E, Schmitt E, Shearrer G, Keith J. The Transgenerational Effects of a Western vs. High Fiber Traditional Diet on Health Outcomes in Mice Offspring. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.06.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ohl K, Subramanyam SH, Verjans E, Clarner T, Böll S, Costa Filho IG, Li Z, Gan L, Schmitt E, Bopp T, Wagner N, Schulz S, Goodarzi T, Scheld M, Floess S, Huehn J, Lambrecht B, Beyaert R, Look T, Zenke M, Tenbrock K. Foxp3-specific deletion of CREB generates ST-2 positive regulatory
T-cells with shifts towards type 2 immune responses. Klinische Pädiatrie 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Ohl
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - E Verjans
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Clarner
- RWTH Aachen, Anatomy, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Böll
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Z Li
- RWTH Aachen, Computational Genomics, Aachen, Germany
| | - L Gan
- RWTH Aachen, Computational Genomics, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Schmitt
- Institut für Immunologie, Universität Mainz, Mainz,
Germany
| | - T Bopp
- Institut für Immunologie, Universität Mainz, Mainz,
Germany
| | - N Wagner
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Schulz
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | - T Goodarzi
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Scheld
- RWTH Aachen, Anatomy, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - T Look
- RWTH Aachen, Zellbiologie, Aachen, Germany
| | - M Zenke
- RWTH Aachen, Zellbiologie, Aachen, Germany
| | - K Tenbrock
- RWTH Aachen, Pediatrics, Aachen, Germany
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Mechulam Y, Bourgeois G, Kazan R, Coureux P, Schmitt E. Crystallographic structures of aIF5B from Pyrococcus abyssi in its GDP and GTP-bound forms. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322093731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Kazan R, Bourgeois G, Lazennec-Schurdevin C, Mechulam Y, Coureux P, Schmitt E. Role of aIF5B in archaeal translation initiation. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s205327332209372x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Wittek M, Voß H, Kiefer A, Wiloth S, Schmitt E. Community support for caring relatives of people with dementia: qualitative analysis using the Theoretical Domains Framework. Z Gesundh Wiss 2022; 31:1-11. [PMID: 35975189 PMCID: PMC9371957 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-022-01744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim Although caring relatives of people with dementia are a mainstay of many care systems, the availability of support services for them within the municipal community shows deficiencies. Adopting the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) this study aims to investigate 1) which of the TDF domains adapted to gerontology show up in public dialogue, and 2) the results that public dialogues produce in terms of support services for caring relatives. Subject and methods The data consists of town hall meetings and focus groups from 14 municipal communities in Germany. Participants were caring relatives and stakeholders of the communities. A qualitative content analysis was conducted, focusing on the assessment of three TDF domains, namely knowledge, goals, and sociopolitical context as well as outcomes of care optimisation. Results With regard to domain knowledge, it was evident that in every community there were actors aware of the situation and relevance of carers and their relatives. Only some actors mentioned goals for optimising the care of the target group. The sociopolitical context is often addressed through statements about incomplete requirements. Conclusion Overall, a relation between the discussion about the domains in public dialogues and changes in supporting carers of people with dementia can be assumed. The results indicate that an increased discussion about the domains within town hall meetings influences the actors and their statements with regard to the improvement of support services for caring relatives of people with dementia. Since the domains were not developed exclusively for the outlined context, this approach can also be applied to other areas of care. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-022-01744-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wittek
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrike Voß
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Kiefer
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Wiloth
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Institute of Gerontology, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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Facchini E, Shrestha K, van den Boer E, Junes P, Sader G, Peeters K, Schmitt E. Long-Term Artificial Selection for Increased Larval Body Weight of Hermetia illucens in Industrial Settings. Front Genet 2022; 13:865490. [PMID: 35783268 PMCID: PMC9240604 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.865490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) farming has exponentially increased in recent years due to the ability of its larvae to efficiently convert low-grade organic materials into high-value food, feed, and technical products. There is a need to further improve the efficiency of production, to meet the rising demands for proteins in the feed and food industries under limited resources. One means of improvement is artificial selection, which has been widely applied in plants and in other livestock species. In 2019, a genetic improvement program was started with the aim to increase larval body weight in black soldier fly larvae. In this paper, we present the outcomes of this breeding program after 10, 13, and 16 generations of selection. The performance of the selected body weight line was compared to the base population line over six experimental rounds under different environmental conditions. Under automated production settings, an average increase of +39% in larval weight, +34% in wet crate yield, +26% in dry matter crate yield, +32% in crude protein per crate, and +21% crude fat per crate was achieved in the selected line compared to the base population line. This research demonstrates the potential contribution of artificial selection to improve efficiency when farming black soldier flies in industrial settings. Further research is needed to fully unlock that potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Facchini
- Hendrix Genetics Research Technology & Services B.V., Boxmeer, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Gaya Sader
- Protix Biosystems B.V., Dongen, Netherlands
| | - Katrijn Peeters
- Hendrix Genetics Research Technology & Services B.V., Boxmeer, Netherlands
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Protix Biosystems B.V., Dongen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Eric Schmitt,
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Wiloth SS, Kiefer A, Wittek M, Arroyo y Villora T, Obermeier M, Schmitt E, Kruse A. Rethinking a Traditional Method of Participation: “Town-Hall Meetings” to Support Family Carers of People with Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:981-990. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of people with dementia, a simultaneous decline of professional caregivers, and changing family structures clearly illustrate the societal relevance of the question of how dementia care can be arranged and delivered in the future. The demand for innovative solutions especially to support family carers requires a deeper insight into their life situation and a focused perception of their needs. This article presents the main hypothesis that specific forms of social integration and participation based on an equal dialogue between family caregivers, the public, and policymakers is needed to achieve that. Therefore, the main point here is to give family caregivers of people with dementia a voice to learn how to better support them in caring as well as self-care. A learning process triggered by a dialogue might result in a higher level of community readiness to implement new forms of support or social innovations. The hypothesis will be supported by John Dewey’s theory of political and democratic learning and the model of transformative learning according to Jack Mezirow indicating that learning particularly succeeds in interpersonal communication. In this context, the Town-Hall Meeting method and its potential to promote interpersonal communication and reflexive learning is discussed. The article addresses an important debate, namely that of how dementia care and support of family carers can succeed. It also sets the direction for future empirical research as the Town-Hall Meeting method might be applicable for gerontological action and participatory research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Kiefer
- Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Wittek
- Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Monika Obermeier
- Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Philosophical Seminar, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Kruse
- Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hilloulin B, Bekrine I, Schmitt E, Loukili A. Open-source deep learning-based air-voids detection algorithm for concrete microscopic images. J Microsc 2022; 286:179-184. [PMID: 35286722 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Analyzing concrete microscopic images is difficult because of its highly heterogeneous composition and the different scales involved. This article presents an open-source deep learning-based algorithm dedicated to air-void detection in concrete microscopic images. The model, whose strategy is presented alongside concrete compositions information, is built using the Mask R-CNN model. Model performances are then discussed and compared to the manual air-void enhancement technique. Finally, the selected open-source strategy is exposed. Overall, the model shows a good precision (mAP = 0.6452), and the predicted air void percentage agrees with experimental measurements highlighting the model's potential to assess concrete durability in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Hilloulin
- Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), UMR-CNRS 6183, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1 rue de la Noë, Nantes, 44321, France
| | - I Bekrine
- Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), UMR-CNRS 6183, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1 rue de la Noë, Nantes, 44321, France
| | - E Schmitt
- Vicat, 4 rue Aristide Berges - Les trois vallons, L'Isle d'Abeau, 38081, France
| | - A Loukili
- Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), UMR-CNRS 6183, Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 1 rue de la Noë, Nantes, 44321, France
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Soulsby WD, Balmuri N, Cooley V, Gerber LM, Lawson E, Goodman S, Onel K, Mehta B, Abel N, Abulaban K, Adams A, Adams M, Agbayani R, Aiello J, Akoghlanian S, Alejandro C, Allenspach E, Alperin R, Alpizar M, Amarilyo G, Ambler W, Anderson E, Ardoin S, Armendariz S, Baker E, Balboni I, Balevic S, Ballenger L, Ballinger S, Balmuri N, Barbar-Smiley F, Barillas-Arias L, Basiaga M, Baszis K, Becker M, Bell-Brunson H, Beltz E, Benham H, Benseler S, Bernal W, Beukelman T, Bigley T, Binstadt B, Black C, Blakley M, Bohnsack J, Boland J, Boneparth A, Bowman S, Bracaglia C, Brooks E, Brothers M, Brown A, Brunner H, Buckley M, Buckley M, Bukulmez H, Bullock D, Cameron B, Canna S, Cannon L, Carper P, Cartwright V, Cassidy E, Cerracchio L, Chalom E, Chang J, Chang-Hoftman A, Chauhan V, Chira P, Chinn T, Chundru K, Clairman H, Co D, Confair A, Conlon H, Connor R, Cooper A, Cooper J, Cooper S, Correll C, Corvalan R, Costanzo D, Cron R, Curiel-Duran L, Curington T, Curry M, Dalrymple A, Davis A, Davis C, Davis C, Davis T, De Benedetti F, De Ranieri D, Dean J, Dedeoglu F, DeGuzman M, Delnay N, Dempsey V, DeSantis E, Dickson T, Dingle J, Donaldson B, Dorsey E, Dover S, Dowling J, Drew J, Driest K, Du Q, Duarte K, Durkee D, Duverger E, Dvergsten J, Eberhard A, Eckert M, Ede K, Edelheit B, Edens C, Edens C, Edgerly Y, Elder M, Ervin B, Fadrhonc S, Failing C, Fair D, Falcon M, Favier L, Federici S, Feldman B, Fennell J, Ferguson I, Ferguson P, Ferreira B, Ferrucho R, Fields K, Finkel T, Fitzgerald M, Fleming C, Flynn O, Fogel L, Fox E, Fox M, Franco L, Freeman M, Fritz K, Froese S, Fuhlbrigge R, Fuller J, George N, Gerhold K, Gerstbacher D, Gilbert M, Gillispie-Taylor M, Giverc E, Godiwala C, Goh I, Goheer H, Goldsmith D, Gotschlich E, Gotte A, Gottlieb B, Gracia C, Graham T, Grevich S, Griffin T, Griswold J, Grom A, Guevara M, Guittar P, Guzman M, Hager M, Hahn T, Halyabar O, Hammelev E, Hance M, Hanson A, Harel L, Haro S, Harris J, Harry O, Hartigan E, Hausmann J, Hay A, Hayward K, Heiart J, Hekl K, Henderson L, Henrickson M, Hersh A, Hickey K, Hill P, Hillyer S, Hiraki L, Hiskey M, Hobday P, Hoffart C, Holland M, Hollander M, Hong S, Horwitz M, Hsu J, Huber A, Huggins J, Hui-Yuen J, Hung C, Huntington J, Huttenlocher A, Ibarra M, Imundo L, Inman C, Insalaco A, Jackson A, Jackson S, James K, Janow G, Jaquith J, Jared S, Johnson N, Jones J, Jones J, Jones J, Jones K, Jones S, Joshi S, Jung L, Justice C, Justiniano A, Karan N, Kaufman K, Kemp A, Kessler E, Khalsa U, Kienzle B, Kim S, Kimura Y, Kingsbury D, Kitcharoensakkul M, Klausmeier T, Klein K, Klein-Gitelman M, Kompelien B, Kosikowski A, Kovalick L, Kracker J, Kramer S, Kremer C, Lai J, Lam J, Lang B, Lapidus S, Lapin B, Lasky A, Latham D, Lawson E, Laxer R, Lee P, Lee P, Lee T, Lentini L, Lerman M, Levy D, Li S, Lieberman S, Lim L, Lin C, Ling N, Lingis M, Lo M, Lovell D, Lowman D, Luca N, Lvovich S, Madison C, Madison J, Manzoni SM, Malla B, Maller J, Malloy M, Mannion M, Manos C, Marques L, Martyniuk A, Mason T, Mathus S, McAllister L, McCarthy K, McConnell K, McCormick E, McCurdy D, Stokes PMC, McGuire S, McHale I, McMonagle A, McMullen-Jackson C, Meidan E, Mellins E, Mendoza E, Mercado R, Merritt A, Michalowski L, Miettunen P, Miller M, Milojevic D, Mirizio E, Misajon E, Mitchell M, Modica R, Mohan S, Moore K, Moorthy L, Morgan S, Dewitt EM, Moss C, Moussa T, Mruk V, Murphy A, Muscal E, Nadler R, Nahal B, Nanda K, Nasah N, Nassi L, Nativ S, Natter M, Neely J, Nelson B, Newhall L, Ng L, Nicholas J, Nicolai R, Nigrovic P, Nocton J, Nolan B, Oberle E, Obispo B, O’Brien B, O’Brien T, Okeke O, Oliver M, Olson J, O’Neil K, Onel K, Orandi A, Orlando M, Osei-Onomah S, Oz R, Pagano E, Paller A, Pan N, Panupattanapong S, Pardeo M, Paredes J, Parsons A, Patel J, Pentakota K, Pepmueller P, Pfeiffer T, Phillippi K, Marafon DP, Phillippi K, Ponder L, Pooni R, Prahalad S, Pratt S, Protopapas S, Puplava B, Quach J, Quinlan-Waters M, Rabinovich C, Radhakrishna S, Rafko J, Raisian J, Rakestraw A, Ramirez C, Ramsay E, Ramsey S, Randell R, Reed A, Reed A, Reed A, Reid H, Remmel K, Repp A, Reyes A, Richmond A, Riebschleger M, Ringold S, Riordan M, Riskalla M, Ritter M, Rivas-Chacon R, Robinson A, Rodela E, Rodriquez M, Rojas K, Ronis T, Rosenkranz M, Rosolowski B, Rothermel H, Rothman D, Roth-Wojcicki E, Rouster-Stevens K, Rubinstein T, Ruth N, Saad N, Sabbagh S, Sacco E, Sadun R, Sandborg C, Sanni A, Santiago L, Sarkissian A, Savani S, Scalzi L, Schanberg L, Scharnhorst S, Schikler K, Schlefman A, Schmeling H, Schmidt K, Schmitt E, Schneider R, Schollaert-Fitch K, Schulert G, Seay T, Seper C, Shalen J, Sheets R, Shelly A, Shenoi S, Shergill K, Shirley J, Shishov M, Shivers C, Silverman E, Singer N, Sivaraman V, Sletten J, Smith A, Smith C, Smith J, Smith J, Smitherman E, Soep J, Son M, Spence S, Spiegel L, Spitznagle J, Sran R, Srinivasalu H, Stapp H, Steigerwald K, Rakovchik YS, Stern S, Stevens A, Stevens B, Stevenson R, Stewart K, Stingl C, Stokes J, Stoll M, Stringer E, Sule S, Sumner J, Sundel R, Sutter M, Syed R, Syverson G, Szymanski A, Taber S, Tal R, Tambralli A, Taneja A, Tanner T, Tapani S, Tarshish G, Tarvin S, Tate L, Taxter A, Taylor J, Terry M, Tesher M, Thatayatikom A, Thomas B, Tiffany K, Ting T, Tipp A, Toib D, Torok K, Toruner C, Tory H, Toth M, Tse S, Tubwell V, Twilt M, Uriguen S, Valcarcel T, Van Mater H, Vannoy L, Varghese C, Vasquez N, Vazzana K, Vehe R, Veiga K, Velez J, Verbsky J, Vilar G, Volpe N, von Scheven E, Vora S, Wagner J, Wagner-Weiner L, Wahezi D, Waite H, Walker J, Walters H, Muskardin TW, Waqar L, Waterfield M, Watson M, Watts A, Weiser P, Weiss J, Weiss P, Wershba E, White A, Williams C, Wise A, Woo J, Woolnough L, Wright T, Wu E, Yalcindag A, Yee M, Yen E, Yeung R, Yomogida K, Yu Q, Zapata R, Zartoshti A, Zeft A, Zeft R, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Zhu A, Zic C. Social determinants of health influence disease activity and functional disability in Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 35255941 PMCID: PMC8903717 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-022-00676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social determinants of health (SDH) greatly influence outcomes during the first year of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis, a disease similar to polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA). We investigated the correlation of community poverty level and other SDH with the persistence of moderate to severe disease activity and functional disability over the first year of treatment in pJIA patients enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry. METHODS In this cohort study, unadjusted and adjusted generalized linear mixed effects models analyzed the effect of community poverty and other SDH on disease activity, using the clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score-10, and disability, using the Child Health Assessment Questionnaire, measured at baseline, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS One thousand six hundred eighty-four patients were identified. High community poverty (≥20% living below the federal poverty level) was associated with increased odds of functional disability (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.28-2.60) but was not statistically significant after adjustment (aOR 1.23, 95% CI 0.81-1.86) and was not associated with increased disease activity. Non-white race/ethnicity was associated with higher disease activity (aOR 2.48, 95% CI: 1.41-4.36). Lower self-reported household income was associated with higher disease activity and persistent functional disability. Public insurance (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.06-2.29) and low family education (aOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.14-3.12) was associated with persistent functional disability. CONCLUSION High community poverty level was associated with persistent functional disability in unadjusted analysis but not with persistent moderate to high disease activity. Race/ethnicity and other SDH were associated with persistent disease activity and functional disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Daniel Soulsby
- University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 4th Floor, Box #0632, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
| | - Nayimisha Balmuri
- grid.239915.50000 0001 2285 8823Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Victoria Cooley
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Linda M. Gerber
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Erica Lawson
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, 4th Floor, Box #0632, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Susan Goodman
- grid.239915.50000 0001 2285 8823Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Karen Onel
- grid.239915.50000 0001 2285 8823Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Bella Mehta
- grid.239915.50000 0001 2285 8823Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
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Postel Z, Poux C, Gallina S, Varré JS, Godé C, Schmitt E, Meyer E, Van Rossum F, Touzet P. Reproductive isolation among lineages of Silene nutans (Caryophyllaceae): A potential involvement of plastid-nuclear incompatibilities. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2022; 169:107436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Caballero E, Gutierrez R, Schmitt E, Castenada J, Torres-Cacho N, Rodriguez RM. Impact of Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric on Latinx Families' Perceptions of Child Safety and Health Care Access. J Emerg Med 2022; 62:264-274. [PMID: 35016793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Political rhetoric from the former U.S. president influences Latinx adults' feelings of safety and their decisions to seek care in the emergency department (ED). OBJECTIVE Our aim was to examine the impact of political rhetoric on feelings of safety and health care access in the pediatric population. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of undocumented Latinx families (ULF), Latinx U.S. citizen families (LCF), and non-Latinx U.S. citizen families (NLF) conducted from November 2018 through February 2020 by means of interviewing a convenience sample of parents and guardians who brought their child to a pediatric clinic and two EDs in California. RESULTS Of 705 parents approached, 449 (63.7%) agreed to participate: 138 ULF, 150 LCF, and 158 NLF. Most ULF (95%), LCF (88%), and NLF (78%) parents and guardians had heard anti-immigrant statements from the former U.S. president and most (94% ULF, 90% LCF, 86% NLF) believed these measures against immigrants were being enacted or will be enacted. More ULF (75%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 67-81%) reported that these statements made them concerned about their child's safety in the United States compared with 36% (95% CI 28-45%) and 34% (95% CI 26-43%) of LCF and NLF, respectively. More ULF 17% (95% CI 11-24%) said that these statements made them afraid to bring their child for medical care, compared with 5% (95% CI 2-10%) and 3% (95% CI 1-7%) of LCF and NLF, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Most parents heard statements against undocumented immigrants by the former U.S. president and most believed measures were being enacted. This rhetoric had a substantial negative impact on ULF parents in terms of safety concerns for their child and fear of accessing health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodia Caballero
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Raul Gutierrez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Children's Health Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, California
| | - Jannet Castenada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, Fresno, California
| | - Natalie Torres-Cacho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Robert M Rodriguez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Franco A, Salvia R, Scieuzo C, Schmitt E, Russo A, Falabella P. Lipids from Insects in Cosmetics and for Personal Care Products. Insects 2021; 13:insects13010041. [PMID: 35055884 PMCID: PMC8779901 DOI: 10.3390/insects13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The use of insects as a new source of lipids is a topic of great interest from both environmental and economic points of view. In addition to use in feed and energy applications, lipids could be used for the formulation of personal care products. The cosmetics industry is always in search of new ingredients to use in novel product formulations. The processes mediated by bioconverter insects, such as Hermetia illucens, are really advantageous because starting from substrates of low economic and biological value (agri-food by-products, zootechnical, catering, and other waste), it is possible to obtain products of high commercial value. The composition of insect lipids depends on the feeding substrate, as well as the insect species, therefore for each personal care application, it is possible to find the most suitable starting conditions. In this review, we display a general outlook on insect lipids, the extraction processes, and their use in cosmetics and personal care fields. Abstract Insects, the most varied group of known organisms on Earth, are arousing great interest also for the possibility to use them as a feed and food source. The mass rearing of some species, defined as “bioconverters”, is spreading worldwide, thanks to their sustainability. At the end of the bioconversion process, breeders obtain eco-friendly biomolecules of high biological and economic value, including proteins and lipids, from larvae of bioconverter insects, in particular Hermetia illucens. Besides the most classical use of insect lipids as food additives, they are also used in the formulation of several products for personal care. The composition of insect lipids depends on the substrate on which the insects are reared but also on the insect species, so the cosmetic producers should consider these features to choose their insect starting point. The most abundant fatty acids detected in H. illucens are lauric, myristic, palmitic, and oleic acids, regardless of feed substrate; its fatty acids composition is favorable for soap composition, while their derivatives are used for detergent and shampoo. Here, we offer an overview of insect lipids, their extraction methods, and their application in cosmetics and personal care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Franco
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.F.); (C.S.)
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.F.); (C.S.)
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.F.); (C.S.)
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Protix B.V., Industriestaat 3, 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands;
| | - Antonella Russo
- Greenswitch s.r.l., Strada Provinciale Ferrandina—Macchia, 75013 Ferrandina, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (A.F.); (C.S.)
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, Via dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (P.F.)
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Manincor N, Andreu B, Buatois B, Lou Chao H, Hautekèete N, Massol F, Piquot Y, Schatz B, Schmitt E, Dufay M. Geographical variation of floral scents in generalist entomophilous species with variable pollinator communities. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Andreu
- CEFE Univ. Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Bruno Buatois
- CEFE Univ. Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | | | | | - François Massol
- Univ. Lille CNRS UMR 8198—Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
- Univ. Lille CNRS Inserm CHU Lille Institut Pasteur de Lille U1019—UMR 9017—CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France
| | - Yves Piquot
- Univ. Lille CNRS UMR 8198—Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
| | - Bertrand Schatz
- CEFE Univ. Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Univ. Lille CNRS UMR 8198—Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
| | - Mathilde Dufay
- Univ. Lille CNRS UMR 8198—Evo‐Eco‐Paleo Lille France
- CEFE Univ. Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD Univ. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
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Greuez C, Argemi X, Giorgiutti S, Goichot B, Hannedouche T, Kaltenbach G, Lefebvre N, Lenormand C, Lescuyer S, Moulin B, Rondeau-Lutz M, Schmitt E, Sibilia J, Imperiale A, Andres E. Fièvre et syndrome inflammatoire inexpliqué chez le sujet âgé, impact thérapeutique de la TEP-TDM au 18F-FDG. Rev Med Interne 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2021.03.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Dressing H, Dölling D, Hermann D, Kruse A, Schmitt E, Bannenberg B, Whittaker K, Hoell A, Voss E, Salize HJ. Child Sexual Abuse by Catholic Priests, Deacons, and Male Members of Religious Orders in the Authority of the German Bishops' Conference 1946-2014. Sex Abuse 2021; 33:274-294. [PMID: 31822196 DOI: 10.1177/1079063219893371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the extent of sexual abuse of minors by members of the Catholic Church in Germany. It is the first comprehensive study to examine this extent in a European country. The goals of this study are as follows: (a) to analyze whether the extent and characteristics of sexual abuse in a European country are comparable to those in the United States and Australia and (b) how discrepancies can be explained. The personnel files of 38,156 Catholic Priests, deacons, and male members of religious orders in the authority of the German Bishops' Conference were analyzed. The study period lasted from 1946 to 2014. All 27 German dioceses took part in this study. A total of 4.4% of all clerics (N = 1,670) from 1946 to 2014 were alleged to have committed sexual abuse, and 3,677 children or adolescents were identified as victims. These results are similar to those from comparable studies in the United States. Sexual abuse of minors within the authority of the Catholic Church seems to be a worldwide phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Hoell
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Elke Voss
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Germany
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Guerzider Regas I, Pluvy I, Tuphe P, Sakek F, Fuchs B, Haight H, Schmitt E, Michel F, Obert L, Lepage D. Long term functional outcomes after minimally invasive surgical decompression in upper limb chronic exertional compartment syndrome in 30 patients. Hand Surgery and Rehabilitation 2021; 40:32-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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28
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Halfen J, Faccio Demarco C, Soares Falson J, Amaral Barbosa A, De Oliveira Feijó J, Rohrig Babassa V, Schmitt E, Nunes M, Cassal Brauner C, Burkert Del Pino F. Suplementação de butirato de sódio e os efeitos nos níveis de glicose e no metabolismo lipídico de vacas leiteiras. ARCH ZOOTEC 2021. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v70i269.5415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com butirato de sódio nos níveis de glicose plasmática e no metabolismo lipídico de vacas no meio da lactação. Para isso, foram utilizadas 10 vacas (4 da raça Holandês e 6 da raça Jersey), multíparas, com 150 dias em lactação (DEL) e aleatoriamente divididas em 2 grupos: Grupo Controle (GC, n = %), que recebeu uma dieta padrão; Grupo Tratamento (GT, n = 5), que recebeu a dieta padrão mais 1,0g/kg de peso vivo por dia de butirato de sódio por um periodo de 8 dias. Amostras individuais de sangue foram coletadas diariamente durante o periodo experimental para análise de β-hidroxibutirato (BHB), ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE), triglicerídeos, colesterol e glicose. Pode ser observado que no GT os níveis de BHB plasmático foi maior (0,64 ± 0,03 mmol/l e 0,91 ± 0,03 mmol/l, para GC e GT, respectivamente, P = 0.001) e os níveis de glicose foram mais baixos que o GC (55,5 ± 0,84 mg/dL e 51,1 ± 0,75 mg/dL, para GT e GC, respectivamente, P < 0.0001). Esses resultados mostram que a suplementação de vacas com butirato de sódio pode regular a taxa de lipólise e as concentrações de AGNE, melhorando o estado de saúde do animal.
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Kumar RD, Burrage LC, Bartos J, Ali S, Schmitt E, Nagamani SCS, LeMons C. A deep intronic variant is a common cause of OTC deficiency in individuals with previously negative genetic testing. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 26:100706. [PMID: 33489762 PMCID: PMC7809430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in non-coding regions of genes encoding enzymes or transporters of the urea cycle can lead to urea cycle disorders (UCDs). However, not all commercially available testing platforms interrogate these regions. Here, we used a gene panel based on massively parallel sequencing (MPS) in 10 individuals with clinical or pedigree-based evidence of a proximal UCD but without a molecular confirmation of the diagnosis. We identified causal variant(s) in 5 of 10 individuals, including in 3 of 7 individuals in whom prior molecular testing was unrevealing. We show that a deep-intronic pathogenic variant in OTC, c.540+265G>A, is an important cause of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runjun D Kumar
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lindsay C Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jan Bartos
- National Urea Cycle Disorders Foundation, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Saima Ali
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Sandesh C S Nagamani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia LeMons
- National Urea Cycle Disorders Foundation, Pasadena, CA, USA
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Kiesmann M, Sauleau E, Perisse J, Jehl C, Konrad S, Karcher P, Fleury MC, Rohmer D, Sauer A, Ehret M, Vogel T, Kaltenbach G, Schmitt E. Parkinsonian gait in elderly people: Significance of the threshold value of two and more falls per year. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2020; 177:385-393. [PMID: 33032799 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Parkinsonism in the elderly presents a major risk factor for recurrent falls (2 and more falls per year), which is associated with increased morbidity. The main objective was to investigate explanatory variables relating to the risk of being recurrent fallers (RF) in persons with parkinsonian gait. METHODS Seventy-nine among 172 eligible persons were enrolled in this prospective study, the findings of which were analyzed at 12 months. Motor and non-motor features, as well as follow-up interviews to identify falls, loss of ability to walk, fluctuating cognition, traumatic falls, all-cause hospitalizations and deaths were collated and results compared between non RF (zero and one fall per year) and RF. Bayesian model averaging was used to predict the probability of patients being RF from their medical history as well as from cognitive assessment, gait velocity, vision and posture. RESULTS N=79, 0.58 men, 50% had Parkinson's disease, 14% other neurodegenerative parkinsonian syndrome, 23% vascular parkinsonism and 13% Lewy body disease, 58% were RF. Median age 81.2 years and median MMSE 25/30. A history of falls and of hallucinations, median odds ratio respectively 9.06 (CI 2.34-38.22), 4.21 (CI 1.04-18.67) were associated with the highest odds ratios along with fluctuating cognition and abnormal posture. Two or more falls a year was a relevant threshold to distinguish a population with a high risk of comorbidity. CONCLUSION The whole history of falls, hallucinations and fluctuating cognition can be considered predictive of recurrent falls in elderly people with parkinsonian gait and provide a tracking tool for patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kiesmann
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - E Sauleau
- Biostatistical Laboratory, iCube - CNRS UMR 7357, Department of Public Health, methods in clinical research, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - J Perisse
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Jehl
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Konrad
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Karcher
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M C Fleury
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Rohmer
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Sauer
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - M Ehret
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - T Vogel
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; EA-3072, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - G Kaltenbach
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - E Schmitt
- Geriatric Department, University Hospitals of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; EA-3072, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Heimes AS, Fries P, Stergiou N, Attariya R, Hasenburg A, Schmidt M, Schmitt E, Brenner W. (TA)MUC1 as a potential new target for breast cancer therapy. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- AS Heimes
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauengesundheit
| | - P Fries
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauengesundheit
| | - N Stergiou
- UMC, VU University, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radionuclide Center
| | - R Attariya
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Immunologie
| | - A Hasenburg
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauengesundheit
| | - M Schmidt
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauengesundheit
| | - E Schmitt
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Immunologie
| | - W Brenner
- Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Klinik und Poliklinik für Geburtshilfe und Frauengesundheit
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Caballero E, Gutierrez R, Castenada J, Schmitt E, Torres-Cacho N, Diaz A, Rodriguez R. 225 Impact of Anti-immigrant Political Climate on Latinx Families and Children’s Utilization of Health Care Services. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rouillon C, Gavin-Plagne L, Schmitt E, Camus A. Where is the true evaluation of semen quality? Anim Reprod Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Halfen J, Rahal N, Barbosa A, Corrêa M, Pino FD, Rabassa V, Brauner C, Schmitt E. Influência da restrição alimentar e do estresse térmico sobre parâmetros fisiológicos em ovinos. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar as alterações fisiológicas de ovinos submetidos à restrição alimentar, expostos à radiação solar e à sombra. Dez borregas mestiças foram divididas igualmente em dois grupos: grupo radiação solar - GRS, animais expostos ao sol durante o dia; e grupo sombra - GS, animais alocados dentro de um galpão à sombra. Nos seis dias iniciais de experimento, os animais foram submetidos à restrição alimentar, com acesso apenas à água, já expostos ao sol ou à sombra. Nos seis dias subsequentes, foi ofertada dieta composta por ração e feno de alfafa (3%PV). Os parâmetros avaliados foram frequência respiratória (FR), temperatura retal (TR), β-hidroxibutirato (BHB), pH urinário, ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) e dados bioclimáticos (temperatura, umidade relativa do ar e índice de temperatura e umidade - ITU). A FR foi o parâmetro em que houve maior diferença significativa entre os grupos (p<0,05). O balanço energético negativo foi constatado em todos os animais (BHB>0,8mmol/L; pH<7,0). Ovelhas que sofrem restrição alimentar durante períodos de alta temperatura e umidade têm menor frequência respiratória e temperatura interna, independentemente de estar na sombra ou pleno sol. Porém, quando normalizado a oferta de alimento as ovelhas em pleno sol têm menor ingestão de matéria seca.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Halfen
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil
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35
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Weiller M, Moreira D, Bragança L, Farias L, Lopes M, Bruhn F, Brauner C, Schmitt E, Corrêa M, Rabassa V, Pino FD. The occurrence of diseases and their relationship with passive immune transfer in Holstein dairy calves submitted to individual management in southern Brazil. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Calves are extremely dependent on colostrum intake for the acquisition of passive immunity. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of diarrhea and respiratory diseases and the impact of Failure of Passive Immune Transfer (FPIT) on the health and zootechnical performance of Holstein dairy calves in individual management. This study has been carried out in five commercial farms in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from March 2017 to January 2018. In this study, 131 calves were followed from birth to 60 days of age. Total Plasmatic Protein (TPP) has been performed to determine passive immune transfer quality in 53 calves (53/131). A daily clinical follow-up has been accomplished aiming at diagnosing diseases and their incidences, and zootechnical measures such as withers height, width of the croup and weight have been evaluated. FPIT rate was 32.07%, diarrhea occurrence and respiratory diseases were 77.9% and 49.6%, respectively. FPIT increased the chances of calves presenting diarrhea and developing respiratory diseases, but no differences on zootechnical performance were found. The frequency of FPIT is still high and is a factor that corroborated the increased risk for diarrhea and respiratory disease but did not influence the performance of calves in the preweaning phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.A.A. Weiller
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Gold M, Egger J, Scheidegger A, Zurbrügg C, Bruno D, Bonelli M, Tettamanti G, Casartelli M, Schmitt E, Kerkaert B, Smet JD, Campenhout LV, Mathys A. Estimating black soldier fly larvae biowaste conversion performance by simulation of midgut digestion. Waste Manag 2020; 112:40-51. [PMID: 32497900 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Black soldier fly larvae treatment is an emerging technology for the conversion of biowaste into potentially more sustainable and marketable high-value products, according to circular economy principles. Unknown or variable performance for different biowastes is currently one challenge that prohibits the global technology up-scaling. This study describes simulated midgut digestion for black soldier fly larvae to estimate biowaste conversion performance. Before simulation, the unknown biowaste residence time in the three midgut regions was determined on three diets varying in protein and non-fiber carbohydrate content. For the static in vitro model, diet residence times of 15 min, 45 min, and 90 min were used for the anterior, middle, and posterior midgut region, respectively. The model was validated by comparing the ranking of diets based on in vitro digestion products to the ranking found in in vivo feeding experiments. Four artificial diets and five biowastes were digested using the model, and diet digestibility and supernatant nutrient contents were determined. This approach was able to distinguish broadly the worst and best performing rearing diets. However, for some of the diets, the performance estimated based on in vitro results did not match with the results of the feeding experiments. Future studies should try to establish a stronger correlation by considering fly larvae nutrient requirements, hemicellulose digestion, and the diet/gut microbiota. In vitro digestion models could be a powerful tool for academia and industry to increase conversion performance of biowastes with black soldier fly larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gold
- ETH Zurich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development (Sandec), Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Julia Egger
- ETH Zurich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland; Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development (Sandec), Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Scheidegger
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Systems Analysis, Integrated Assessment and Modelling, Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Christian Zurbrügg
- Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department Sanitation, Water and Solid Waste for Development (Sandec), Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Bruno
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Bonelli
- University of Milan, Department of Biosciences, via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tettamanti
- University of Insubria, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, via J.H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Morena Casartelli
- University of Milan, Department of Biosciences, via G. Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Napoli Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Protix B.V., Industriestraat 3, 5107 NC, Dongen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Kerkaert
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Lab4Food, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Jeroen De Smet
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Lab4Food, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Leen Van Campenhout
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), Lab4Food, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Alexander Mathys
- ETH Zurich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sustainable Food Processing Laboratory, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Yuan B, Wang L, Liu P, Shaw C, Dai H, Cooper L, Zhu W, Anderson SA, Meng L, Wang X, Wang Y, Xia F, Xiao R, Braxton A, Peacock S, Schmitt E, Ward PA, Vetrini F, He W, Chiang T, Muzny D, Gibbs RA, Beaudet AL, Breman AM, Smith J, Cheung SW, Bacino CA, Eng CM, Yang Y, Lupski JR, Bi W. CNVs cause autosomal recessive genetic diseases with or without involvement of SNV/indels. Genet Med 2020; 22:1633-1641. [PMID: 32576985 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-020-0864-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Improved resolution of molecular diagnostic technologies enabled detection of smaller sized exonic level copy-number variants (CNVs). The contribution of CNVs to autosomal recessive (AR) conditions may be better recognized using a large clinical cohort. METHODS We retrospectively investigated the CNVs' contribution to AR conditions in cases subjected to chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA, N = ~70,000) and/or clinical exome sequencing (ES, N = ~12,000) at Baylor Genetics; most had pediatric onset neurodevelopmental disorders. RESULTS CNVs contributed to biallelic variations in 87 cases, including 81 singletons and three affected sibling pairs. Seventy cases had CNVs affecting both alleles, and 17 had a CNV and a single-nucleotide variant (SNV)/indel in trans. In total, 94.3% of AR-CNVs affected one gene; among these 41.4% were single-exon and 35.0% were multiexon partial-gene events. Sixty-nine percent of homozygous AR-CNVs were embedded in homozygous genomic intervals. Five cases had large deletions unmasking an SNV/indel on the intact allele for a recessive condition, resulting in multiple molecular diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS AR-CNVs are often smaller in size, transmitted through generations, and underrecognized due to limitations in clinical CNV detection methods. Our findings from a large clinical cohort emphasized integrated CNV and SNV/indel analyses for precise clinical and molecular diagnosis especially in the context of genomic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. .,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Lei Wang
- Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chad Shaw
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Wenmiao Zhu
- Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Linyan Meng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alicia Braxton
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sandra Peacock
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patricia A Ward
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesco Vetrini
- Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Weimin He
- Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theodore Chiang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donna Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arthur L Beaudet
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amy M Breman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Janice Smith
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sau Wai Cheung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carlos A Bacino
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Eng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weimin Bi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. .,Baylor Genetics Laboratory, Houston, TX, USA.
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Figueiredo CC, Bisinotto DZ, Chebel RC, Thatcher WW, Arnoult C, Faust MA, Schmitt E, Bisinotto RS. Effects of timing of artificial insemination and treatment of semen with a Slo3 potassium channel blocker on fertility of dairy heifers subjected to the 5-day CIDR-Synch protocol. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7462-7471. [PMID: 32534924 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-18103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the timing of artificial insemination (AI) and incorporation of the Slo3 K+ channel blocker 4-(4-chlorophenyl)butyl-diethyl-heptylammonium to semen extender (CSE) on pregnancy per AI (P/AI) and pregnancy loss in dairy heifers. In experiment 1, Holstein heifers were subjected to the 5-d CIDR-Synch protocol: d -8 GnRH and controlled internal drug-release device (CIDR); d -3 PGF2α and CIDR removal; d -2 PGF2α; d 0 GnRH) and assigned randomly to receive timed AI with control semen on d 0 (72-CON; n = 104), control semen on d -1 (48-CON; n = 100), or CSE-treated semen on d -1 (48-CSE; n = 98). Heifers were fitted with collar-mounted automated estrus detection devices to monitor physical activity and rumination. In experiment 2, Holstein heifers were subjected to the 5-d CIDR-Synch protocol and received a mount detection patch at the first PGF2α injection. Heifers detected in estrus before d 0 were inseminated on the same day, whereas those not detected in estrus received the second GnRH injection and timed AI on d 0. Heifers were assigned randomly to receive AI with control (AI-CON; n = 148) or CSE-treated semen (AI-CSE; n = 110). Four bulls with proven fertility were used in both experiments, and ejaculates from each sire were divided and processed as CON or CSE. Pregnancy was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasonography at 29 and 54 d after AI. Data were analyzed by logistic regression, and statistical models included the fixed effects of treatment and enrollment week. In experiment 1, orthogonal contrasts were built to assess the effects of day of AI (72-CON vs. 48-CON + 48-CSE) and treatment of semen with CSE (48-CON vs. 48-CSE). Pregnancy per AI on d 29 (72-CON = 60.8, 48-CON = 35.2, 48-CSE = 39.8%) and d 54 (72-CON = 58.2, 48-CON = 31.6, 48-CSE = 36.2%) was greater for heifers inseminated on d 0 compared with d -1. However, no effect of semen extender on P/AI was observed in heifers inseminated on d -1. In experiment 2, P/AI tended to be greater for AI-CSE than for AI-CON on d 29 (58.6 vs. 47.3%) and d 54 after AI (55.6 vs. 43.7%). Advancing AI by 24 h decreased the likelihood of pregnancy, and use of CSE was unable to overcome the expected asynchrony between insemination and ovulation. Nevertheless, incorporation of CSE in semen processing tended to improve P/AI when heifers received AI upon detected estrus or timed AI concurrently with the final GnRH of the 5-d CIDR-Synch protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Figueiredo
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
| | - D Z Bisinotto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610
| | - R C Chebel
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610; Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608
| | - W W Thatcher
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608
| | - C Arnoult
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, University of Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche 38700, France
| | | | - E Schmitt
- IMV Technologies, L'Aigle 61300, France
| | - R S Bisinotto
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, D. H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
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Mouithys-Mickalad A, Schmitt E, Dalim M, Franck T, Tome NM, van Spankeren M, Serteyn D, Paul A. Black Soldier Fly ( Hermetia Illucens) Larvae Protein Derivatives: Potential to Promote Animal Health. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E941. [PMID: 32485877 PMCID: PMC7341516 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
European legislation permits the inclusion of insect proteins in pet and aquaculture diets. Black soldier fly larvae (BSF) are one of the most actively produced species due to their low environmental impact and nutritional characteristics. BSF protein derivatives (proteins and protein hydrolysates) contain a substantial amount of low molecular weight peptides that are known to possess antioxidant potential. In this study, the in vitro antioxidant potential of commercial BSF proteins and protein hydrolysates was investigated for (1) radical scavenging activity, (2) myeloperoxidase activity modulation, and (3) neutrophil response modulation. Chickenmeal and fishmeal are commonly used in pet food and aquaculture formulations. Hence, both were used as industrial benchmarks during this study. The results indicate that fishmeal and chickenmeal are ineffective at suppressing the oxidative damage caused by neutrophil response and myeloperoxidase activity. Fishmeal and chickenmeal even exhibit pro-oxidant behavior in some of the models used during this study. On the other hand, it was found that BSF protein derivatives could be effective in protecting against the cellular damage resulting from neutrophil and myeloperoxidase activities. The outcomes of this study indicate that BSF protein derivatives could be potentially included in pet food and aquaculture feed formulations as health-promoting ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange Mouithys-Mickalad
- Centre of Oxygen, Research and Development—University of Liege, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.M.-M.); (T.F.); (D.S.)
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Protix B.V., 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (M.D.); (N.M.T.); (M.v.S.)
| | - Monika Dalim
- Protix B.V., 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (M.D.); (N.M.T.); (M.v.S.)
| | - Thierry Franck
- Centre of Oxygen, Research and Development—University of Liege, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.M.-M.); (T.F.); (D.S.)
| | - Nuria Martin Tome
- Protix B.V., 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (M.D.); (N.M.T.); (M.v.S.)
| | - Michel van Spankeren
- Protix B.V., 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (M.D.); (N.M.T.); (M.v.S.)
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Centre of Oxygen, Research and Development—University of Liege, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.M.-M.); (T.F.); (D.S.)
| | - Aman Paul
- Protix B.V., 5107 NC Dongen, The Netherlands; (E.S.); (M.D.); (N.M.T.); (M.v.S.)
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de Manincor N, Hautekèete N, Mazoyer C, Moreau P, Piquot Y, Schatz B, Schmitt E, Zélazny M, Massol F. How biased is our perception of plant-pollinator networks? A comparison of visit- and pollen-based representations of the same networks. Acta Oecologica 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2020.103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Hahn T, Roth A, Ji R, Schmitt E, Zibek S. Chitosan production with larval exoskeletons derived from the insect protein production. J Biotechnol 2020; 310:62-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Grazziotin RCB, Halfen J, Rosa F, Schmitt E, Anderson JL, Ballard V, Osorio JS. Altered rumen fermentation patterns in lactating dairy cows supplemented with phytochemicals improve milk production and efficiency. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:301-312. [PMID: 31733851 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tannins and other phytochemicals are known to improve RUP in the diet by binding protein and then limiting ruminal degradation, which may improve milk yield and milk protein synthesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary phytochemicals (tannins and Capsicum species) as rumen modifiers on production parameters and milk efficiency in dairy cows. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein cows (96 ± 16 d in milk; mean ± standard deviation) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design balanced to measure carryover effects. Cows were blocked according to days in milk, milk production, and body weight and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups (n = 8/group). Each group was assigned to a unique treatment sequence across the 3 periods in the Latin square. The experiment consisted of a 14-d covariate period and three 30-d treatment periods. Cows received a basal diet supplemented with soybean meal pellets (SB) as the control diet, phytochemicals (RUM; Rumiviv, CCPA, Janzé, France) pelleted with soybean meal, or expeller soybean meal (ESBM; SoyPlus, West Central Soy, Ralston, IA). Milk production and dry matter intake during the last 4 d of each period were used for statistical analysis. Blood and rumen fluid samples were collected on d 27 of each period. Rumen fluid was analyzed for ammonia N and volatile fatty acids as well as ruminal bacteria via quantitative PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal DNA genes. Greater milk yield (37.9 vs. 36 kg/d), energy-corrected milk (39.7 vs 37.1 kg/d), and protein yield (1.15 vs. 1.08 kg/d) were observed in RUM compared with SB, but these parameters were similar between RUM and ESBM. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (118.1 vs. 101.5 mM) were greater in RUM in comparison to SB and ESBM diets. Cows fed RUM had greater β-hydroxybutyrate (0.49 vs. 0.42 mmol/L) than SB and ESBM. Selenomonas ruminantium, Succinimonas amylolytica, and Streptococcus bovis in rumen fluid were lower in RUM fed cows in comparison to SB and ESBM. Increased total volatile fatty acids and lower ruminal abundance of bacteria associated with low feed efficiency in RUM cows can partially explain the improvements observed in milk yield and milk efficiency. Overall, these data suggest that feeding a combination of tannin mixture and Capsicum can significantly affect rumen fermentation characteristics via partial manipulation of rumen microbiota, and these effects were reflected in improved milk production and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C B Grazziotin
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - J Halfen
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007; Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Pecuaria, Departamento de Clínica Veterinaria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96160-000 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - F Rosa
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - E Schmitt
- Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Pecuaria, Departamento de Clínica Veterinaria, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96160-000 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - J L Anderson
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007
| | - V Ballard
- Groupe CCPA (Conseils et Compétences en Productions Animales), ZA Nord Est du Bois de Teillay, 35150 Janzé, France
| | - J S Osorio
- Department of Dairy and Food Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
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Sarigu M, Porceddu M, Schmitt E, Camarda I, Bacchetta G. Taxonomic discrimination of the Paeonia mascula group in the Tyrrhenian Islands by seed image analysis. SYST BIODIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2019.1685607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sarigu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Unité Evolution, Ecologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paléo), UMR 8198, Sciences et Technologies, SERRES, University of Lille, Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | | | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
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Naiman J, Zellner E, Riegel T, Petrovsky B, Schmitt E, Kraus K. Percutaneous Fluoroscopically Guided Lag Screw Fixation for Sacroiliac Luxation. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Naiman
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - E.M. Zellner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - T. Riegel
- Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - B. Petrovsky
- Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - E. Schmitt
- Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
| | - K. Kraus
- Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, Iowa, United States
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Dreßing H, Dölling D, Hermann D, Kruse A, Schmitt E, Bannenberg B, Hoell A, Voss E, Salize HJ. Sexual Abuse at the Hands of Catholic Clergy. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2019; 116:389-396. [PMID: 31366429 PMCID: PMC6676731 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND When cases of sexual abuse within the Catholic Church became known, the German Bishops' Conference (Deutsche Bischofskonferenz, DBK) commissioned a study by an interdisciplinary consortium to determine the frequency of sexual abuse by Catholic clergy in Germany (the MHG study). METHODS Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used and the subject matter of the study was analyzed in seven component projects. To determine the frequency of sexual abuse, 38 156 personnel files of Catholic clergy from the period 1946 to 2014 were studied, and the epidemiologic findings of these evaluations are presented. RESULTS 1670 persons belonging to the Catholic clergy who were accused of sexual abuse of minors were identified from their personnel files, corresponding to 4.4% of the clergy overall. 3677 victims of sexual abuse could be linked to the accused persons; 62.8% of them were male, and 66.7% were under 14 years old when the abuse took place. The mean duration of the abuse in individual cases was 1.3 years. "Hands-on" abuses (i.e., abuses involving bodily contact) occurred in more than 80% of cases. Many of the affected persons suffered serious consequences for their health and social functioning. The ones most commonly reported were anxiety, depression, mistrust, sexual problems, and difficulties with interpersonal contact. CONCLUSION The figures reported here should be considered a lower bound to the actual frequency of sexual abuse. Asymmetrical power relationships in a closed system such as the Catholic Church can facilitate sexual abuse. Physicians play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of the victims of sexual abuse, in the diagnosis and treatment of persons inclined to commit abuses and actual abusers, and in the development and implementation of preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Dreßing
- Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University; Institute of Criminology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg; Institute of Gerontology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg; University of Gießen, Gießen
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Friedland W, Kundrát P, Schmitt E, Becker J, Li W. MODELING DNA DAMAGE BY PHOTONS AND LIGHT IONS OVER ENERGY RANGES USED IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 183:84-88. [PMID: 30535036 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive track structure-based simulations of DNA damage induced in human cells by photons (5 keV-1.3 MeV) and light ions (0.25-512 MeV/u) were performed with PARTRAC. DNA strand breaks, double-strand breaks and their clustering were scored. Effective LET values were established for photons that provide LET-dependent damage yields in agreement with the data for ions. The resulting database captures the variations of biological effectiveness with radiation quality. In particular, it can help compare the effectiveness of conventional radiotherapy using photon beams with techniques relying on proton or ion beams.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Friedland
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - P Kundrát
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Schmitt
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Becker
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - W Li
- Institute of Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
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Friedland W, Kundrát P, Schmitt E, Becker J, Ilicic K, Greubel C, Reindl J, Siebenwirth C, Schmid TE, Dollinger G. MODELING STUDIES ON DICENTRICS INDUCTION AFTER SUB-MICROMETER FOCUSED ION BEAM GRID IRRADIATION. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2019; 183:40-44. [PMID: 30726972 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncy266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The biophysical simulation tool PARTRAC contains modules for DNA damage response representing non-homologous end joining of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and the formation of chromosomal aberrations. Individual DNA ends from the induced DSB are followed regarding both their enzymatic processing and spatial mobility, as is needed for chromosome aberrations to arise via ligating broken ends from different chromosomes. In particular, by tracking the genomic locations of the ligated fragments and the positions of centromeres, the induction of dicentrics can be modeled. In recent experiments, the impact of spatial clustering of DNA damage on dicentric yields has been assessed in AL human-hamster hybrid cells: Defined numbers of 20 MeV protons (linear energy transfer, LET 2.6 keV/μm), 45 MeV Li ions (60 keV/μm) and 55 MeV C ions (310 keV/μm) focused to sub-μm spot sizes were applied with the ion microbeam SNAKE in diverse grid modes, keeping the absorbed dose constant. The impact of the μm-scaled spatial distribution of DSB (focusing effect) has thus been separated from nm-scaled DSB complexity (LET effect). The data provide a unique benchmark for the model calculations. Model and parameter refinements are described that enabled the simulations to largely reproduce both the LET-dependence and the focusing effect as well as the usual biphasic rejoining kinetics. The predictive power of the refined model has been benchmarked against dicentric yields for photon irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Friedland
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - P Kundrát
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - E Schmitt
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - J Becker
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - K Ilicic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
| | - C Greubel
- Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - J Reindl
- Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - C Siebenwirth
- Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - T E Schmid
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Innovative Radiation Therapy, Department of Radiation Sciences, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - G Dollinger
- Institute for Applied Physics and Metrology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, Neubiberg, Germany
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Martinez G, Hograindleur JP, Jeammet L, Le Blévec E, Coutton C, Mermillod P, Lambeau G, Schmitt E, Ray PF, Arnoult C. Enzymatic activity of mouse group X-sPLA2 improves in vitro production of preimplantation bovine embryos. Theriogenology 2019; 131:113-122. [PMID: 30959437 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely used for both humans and domestic animals. In bovine species, in vitro embryo production is increasingly used and significant efforts are being made to optimize media and culture conditions. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) are lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyze glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids that have been found to be critical for many biological processes. Mouse group X secreted PLA2 (mGX) is abundant in the male reproductive tract and its use during sperm capacitation has been shown to improve in vitro production of viable embryos in a mouse model. Here, we examined its effect in the bovine species, testing the impact of mGX on the three steps involved in vitro production of preimplantation embryos: oocyte maturation, fertilization and preimplantation development. We found that incubating cumulus oocyte complexes (COC) or gametes with mGX resulted in increased blastocyst hatching and blastocyst production, respectively. The increases of embryo production induced by the phospholipase mGX were not observed for the catalytically inactive mutant H48Q-mGX, suggesting that these effects require the enzymatic activity of mGX. We also tested bGIB, a bovine homolog of mGX. bGIB failed to improve blastocyst production, underlining the high specificity of mGX. In conclusion, the results presented show that the effects of mGX are not restricted to the mouse model and that it is potent in the bovine species as well. This result strengthens the potential of mGX as a "pro-fertility drug" for mammalian reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Martinez
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France; IMV Technologies, ZI N 1 Est, F-61300, L'Aigle, France
| | - Jean-Pascal Hograindleur
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Louise Jeammet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, F-06560, Valbonne, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Emilie Le Blévec
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Charles Coutton
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- Laboratoire Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA UMR 7247, Inra-Cnrs-Université de Tours-Haras Nationaux, F-37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, F-06560, Valbonne, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- IMV Technologies, ZI N 1 Est, F-61300, L'Aigle, France
| | - Pierre F Ray
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France; CHU de Grenoble, UM GI-DPI, Grenoble, F-38000, France
| | - Christophe Arnoult
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, F-38000, France; Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, F-38000, France.
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Martin H, Carpentier F, Gallina S, Godé C, Schmitt E, Muyle A, Marais GAB, Touzet P. Evolution of Young Sex Chromosomes in Two Dioecious Sister Plant Species with Distinct Sex Determination Systems. Genome Biol Evol 2019; 11:350-361. [PMID: 30649306 PMCID: PMC6364797 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, progress has been made in methods to identify the sex determination system in plants. This gives the opportunity to study sex chromosomes that arose independently at different phylogenetic scales, and thus allows the discovery and the understanding of early stages of sex chromosome evolution. In the genus Silene, sex chromosomes have evolved independently in at least two clades from a nondioecious ancestor, the Melandrium and Otites sections. In the latter, sex chromosomes could be younger than in the section Melandrium, based on phylogenetic studies and as no heteromorphic sex chromosomes have been detected. This section might also exhibit lability in sex determination, because male heterogamy and female heterogamy have been suggested to occur. In this study, we investigated the sex determination system of two dioecious species in the section Otites (Silene otites and its close relative Silene pseudotites). Applying the new probabilistic method SEX-DETector on RNA-seq data from cross-controlled progenies, we inferred their most likely sex determination system and a list of putative autosomal and sex-linked contigs. We showed that the two phylogenetically close species differed in their sex determination system (XY versus ZW) with sex chromosomes that derived from two different pairs of autosomes. We built a genetic map of the sex chromosomes and showed that both pairs exhibited a large region with lack of recombination. However, the sex-limited chromosomes exhibited no strong degeneration. Finally, using the “ancestral” autosomal expression of sex-linked orthologs of nondioecious S. nutans, we found a slight signature of dosage compensation in the heterogametic females of S. otites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Martin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, France.,Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Fantin Carpentier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, France.,Ecologie Systématique Evolution, Université Paris Sud, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | | | - Cécile Godé
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, France
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 - Evo-Eco-Paleo, France
| | - Aline Muyle
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine
| | - Gabriel A B Marais
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive (UMR 5558), CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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CAO YE, Jiang Y, Clinger A, Peacock S, Schmitt E, Van den Veyver I, Eng C, Zhang J. 930: Clinical utility of non-invasive prenatal screening for common dominant monogenic disorders. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2018.11.954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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