1
|
Song Y, Li M, Li Y, Zhang T, Zhang J, Han D, Lian F, Liu X, Fang X. Identification of Isoliensinine as a Ferroptosis Suppressor with Iron-Chelating Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024. [PMID: 39159445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death driven by the iron-dependent accumulation of lipid peroxides. The high involvement of ferroptosis in diverse human diseases highlights the need for the identification of new chemotypes with anti-ferroptotic activity. Here, we performed a natural product library screening in HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and identified licochalcone A (LA), isoeugenyl acetate (ISA), and isoliensinine (ISL) as suppressors of either RSL3- or IKE-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, ferroptosis resistance conferred by these compounds is mainly through GPX4/NRF2-independent mechanisms. Among them, only ISL could effectively rescue ferroptosis induced by FINO2, which is a stable oxidant of ferrous iron, suggesting that ISL may have the properties of an iron chelator. Consistent with the hypothesis, both computational tools and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy supported the binding between ISL and iron ions. And ISL greatly inhibited excessive iron-dependent ferroptotic cell death through limiting intracellular iron accumulation. Furthermore, its iron chelator activity also protected mice from organ injury in an acute iron overload model. In conclusion, this study provided valuable insights for developing effective anti-ferroptosis agents from natural products, which represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating ferroptosis-associated organ damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Song
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - You Li
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dan Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Fuzhi Lian
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xuqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xuexian Fang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Orioli R, Belluti F, Gobbi S, Rampa A, Bisi A. Naturally Inspired Coumarin Derivatives in Alzheimer's Disease Drug Discovery: Latest Advances and Current Challenges. Molecules 2024; 29:3514. [PMID: 39124919 PMCID: PMC11313984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The main feature of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, is the network of complex and not fully recognized neuronal pathways and targets involved in their onset and progression. The therapeutic treatment, at present mainly symptomatic, could benefit from a polypharmacological approach based on the development of a single molecular entity designed to simultaneously modulate different validated biological targets. This strategy is principally based on molecular hybridization, obtained by linking or merging different chemical moieties acting with synergistic and/or complementary mechanisms. The coumarin core, widely found in nature, endowed with a recognized broad spectrum of pharmacological activities, large synthetic accessibility and favourable pharmacokinetic properties, appears as a valuable, privileged scaffold to be properly modified in order to obtain compounds able to engage different selected targets. The scientific literature has long been interested in the multifaceted profiles of coumarin derivatives, and in this review, a survey of the most important results of the last four years, on both natural and synthetic coumarin-based compounds, regarding the development of anti-Alzheimer's compounds is reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Angela Rampa
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.O.); (F.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy; (R.O.); (F.B.); (S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhao D, Wang Y, Wu S, Ji X, Gong K, Zheng H, Zhu M. Research progress on the role of macrophages in acne and regulation by natural plant products. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1383263. [PMID: 38736879 PMCID: PMC11082307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1383263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin diseases. The current understanding of acne primarily revolves around inflammatory responses, sebum metabolism disorders, aberrant hormone and receptor expression, colonization by Cutibacterium acnes, and abnormal keratinization of follicular sebaceous glands. Although the precise mechanism of action remains incompletely understood, it is plausible that macrophages exert an influence on these pathological features. Macrophages, as a constituent of the human innate immune system, typically manifest distinct phenotypes across various diseases. It has been observed that the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acne. In recent years, extensive research on acne has revealed an increasing number of natural remedies exhibiting therapeutic efficacy through the modulation of macrophage polarization. This review investigates the role of cutaneous macrophages, elucidates their potential significance in the pathogenesis of acne, a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disorder, and explores the therapeutic mechanisms of natural plant products targeting macrophages. Despite these insights, the precise role of macrophages in the pathogenesis of acne remains poorly elucidated. Subsequent investigations in this domain will further illuminate the pathogenesis of acne and potentially offer guidance for identifying novel therapeutic targets for this condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhui Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaotian Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Gong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Huie Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xue JC, Yuan S, Meng H, Hou XT, Li J, Zhang HM, Chen LL, Zhang CH, Zhang QG. The role and mechanism of flavonoid herbal natural products in ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114086. [PMID: 36502751 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine that presents clinically with abdominal pain, mucopurulent stools, and posterior urgency. The lesions of UC are mainly concentrated in the rectal and colonic mucosa and submucosa. For patients with mild to moderate UC, the best pharmacological treatment includes glucocorticoids, immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and biologics, but the long-term application can have serious toxic side effects. Currently, nearly 40% of UC patients are treated with herbal natural products in combination with traditional medications to reduce the incidence of toxic side effects. Flavonoid herbal natural products are the most widely distributed polyphenols in plants and fruits, which have certain antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Flavonoid herbal natural products have achieved remarkable efficacy in the treatment of UC. The pharmacological mechanisms are related to anti-inflammation, promotion of mucosal healing, maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis, and regulation of intestinal flora. In this paper, we summarize the flavonoid components of anti-ulcerative colitis and their mechanisms reported in the past 10 years, to provide a basis for rational clinical use and the development of new anti-ulcerative colitis drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Xue
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University College of Basic Medicine, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Huan Meng
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Hou
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China
| | - Hua-Min Zhang
- Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China; Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Jinan People's Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province 271100, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Zhang
- Department of Oral Teaching and Research, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin Province 133000, China.
| | - Qing-Gao Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, Yanbian University College of Basic Medicine, Yanji, Jilin Province 133002, China; Chronic Disease Research Center, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning Province 116622, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Frantz MC, Rozot R, Marrot L. NRF2 in dermo-cosmetic: From scientific knowledge to skin care products. Biofactors 2023; 49:32-61. [PMID: 36258295 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The skin is the organ that is most susceptible to the impact of the exposome. Located at the interface with the external environment, it protects internal organs through the barrier function of the epidermis. It must adapt to the consequences of the harmful effects of solar radiation, the various chemical constituents of atmospheric pollution, and wounds associated with mechanical damage: oxidation, cytotoxicity, inflammation, and so forth. In this biological context, a capacity to adapt to the various stresses caused by the exposome is essential; otherwise, more or less serious conditions may develop accelerated aging, pigmentation disorders, atopy, psoriasis, and skin cancers. Nrf2-controlled pathways play a key role at this level. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that controls genes involved in oxidative stress protection and detoxification of chemicals. Its involvement in UV protection, reduction of inflammation in processes associated with healing, epidermal differentiation for barrier function, and hair regrowth, has been demonstrated. The modulation of Nrf2 in the skin may therefore constitute a skin protection or care strategy for certain dermatological stresses and disorders initiated or aggravated by the exposome. Nrf2 inducers can act through different modes of action. Keap1-dependent mechanisms include modification of the cysteine residues of Keap1 by (pro)electrophiles or prooxidants, and disruption of the Keap1-Nrf2 complex. Indirect mechanisms are suggested for numerous phytochemicals, acting on upstream pathways, or via hormesis. While developing novel and safe Nrf2 modulators for skin care may be challenging, new avenues can arise from natural compounds-based molecular modeling and emerging concepts such as epigenetic regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger Rozot
- Advanced Research, L'OREAL Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Laurent Marrot
- Advanced Research, L'OREAL Research & Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ruvolo E, Boothby-Shoemaker W, Kumar N, Hamzavi IH, Lim HW, Kohli I. Evaluation of efficacy of antioxidant-enriched sunscreen prodcuts against long wavelength ultraviolet A1 and visible light. Int J Cosmet Sci 2022; 44:394-402. [PMID: 35587114 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The synergistic effects of VL and long wavelength UVA1 (VL+UVA1, 370-700 nm) on inducing pigmentation and erythema in skin have been demonstrated and linked to exacerbation of dermatologic conditions including melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. This study aims to compare the photoprotection of organic sunscreens enriched with antioxidant (AO) combinations against VL+UVA1 induced biologic effects. The efficacy was compared to that offered by a commercially available tinted sunscreen. METHODS Ten healthy adult subjects with Fitzpatrick skin phototypes IV-VI were enrolled (nine completed). VL+UVA1 dose of 380 J/cm2 was utilized. Assessment methods were polarized photography, investigator global scoring, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Measurements were obtained at baseline and immediately, 24 hours, and 7 days after irradiation. RESULTS Sites treated with tinted sunscreen product had significantly less pigmentation compared with untreated but irradiated skin at all time points. However, DRS results demonstrated that the 5-AO sunscreen performed comparably or better than all sunscreens tested with relatively lower dyschromia, delayed erythema and pigmentation. CONCLUSION These results highlight the potential of AO enriched sunscreens to be photoprotective against VL+UVA1. The combination of efficacy and the cosmetic appearance of this product may provide wider acceptability which is crucial considering the limited available means of protection against this waveband.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wyatt Boothby-Shoemaker
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Nishant Kumar
- College of Literature, Science and Arts, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Iltefat H Hamzavi
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Indermeet Kohli
- Photomedicine and Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tian M, Li N, Liu R, Li K, Du J, Zou D, Ma Y. The protective effect of licochalcone A against inflammation injury of primary dairy cow claw dermal cells induced by lipopolysaccharide. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1593. [PMID: 35102233 PMCID: PMC8803976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminitis is one of the most important and intractable diseases in dairy cows, which can lead to enormous economic losses. Although many scholars have conducted a large number of studies on laminitis, the therapeutic test of medicinal plants in vitro is really rare. Licochalcone A is proved to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. But the effect of licochalcone A on LPS-induced inflammatory claw dermal cells has not been discovered yet. In this study, the primary dairy cow claw dermal cells were treated with gradient concentrations of licochalcone A (1, 5, 10 µg/mL) in the presence of 10 µg/mL lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The results indicated that licochalcone A reduced the concentrations of inflammation mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), increased the activity of SOD, reduced the levels of MDA and ROS, downregulated the mRNA expressions of TLR4 and MyD88, suppressed the protein levels of p-IκBα and p-p65, and upregulated the protein expression of PPARγ. In summary, licochalcone A protected dairy cow claw dermal cells against LPS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress through the regulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and PPARγ signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Tian
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Li
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Animal Science and Technology, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Li
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongmin Zou
- Shanxi Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuzhong Ma
- Hebei Agricultural University College of Veterinary Medicine, 2596 Lekai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sarkar C, Chaudhary P, Jamaddar S, Janmeda P, Mondal M, Mubarak MS, Islam MT. Redox Activity of Flavonoids: Impact on Human Health, Therapeutics, and Chemical Safety. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:140-162. [PMID: 35045245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The cost-effectiveness of presently used therapies is a problem in overall redox-based management, which is posing a significant financial burden on communities across the world. As a result, sophisticated treatment models that provide notions of predictive diagnoses followed by targeted preventive therapies adapted to individual patient profiles are gaining global acclaim as being beneficial to patients, the healthcare sector, and society as a whole. In this context, natural flavonoids were considered due to their multifaceted antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects as well as their low toxicity and ease of availability. The aim of this review is to focus on the capacity of flavonoids to modulate the responsiveness of various diseases and ailments associated with redox toxicity. The review will also focus on the flavonoids' pathway-based redox activity and the advancement of redox-based therapies as well as flavonoids' antioxidant characteristics and their influence on human health, therapeutics, and chemical safety. Research findings indicated that flavonoids significantly exhibit various redox-based therapeutic responses against several diseases such as inflammatory, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and hepatic diseases and various types of cancer by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 transcription system, suppressing the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/IκB kinase inflammatory pathway, abrogating the function of the Hsp90/Hsf1 complex, inhibiting the PTEN/PI3K/Akt pathway, and preventing mitochondrial dysfunction. Some flavonoids, especially genistein, apigenin, amentoflavone, baicalein, quercetin, licochalcone A, and biochanin A, play a potential role in redox regulation. Conclusions of this review on the antioxidant aspects of flavonoids highlight the medicinal and folk values of these compounds against oxidative stress and various diseases and ailments. In short, treatment with flavonoids could be a novel therapeutic invention in clinical trials, as we hope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandan Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Priya Chaudhary
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Sarmin Jamaddar
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Milon Mondal
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wu Y, Wang Z, Du Q, Zhu Z, Chen T, Xue Y, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Shen C, Jiang C, Liu L, Zhu H, Liu Q. Pharmacological Effects and Underlying Mechanisms of Licorice-Derived Flavonoids. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:9523071. [PMID: 35082907 PMCID: PMC8786487 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9523071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma is the most frequently prescribed natural medicine in China and has been used for more than 2,000 years. The flavonoids of licorice have garnered considerable attention in recent decades due to their structural diversity and myriad pharmacological effects, especially as novel therapeutic agents against inflammation and cancer. Although many articles have been published to summarize different pharmacological activities of licorice in recent years, the systematic summary for flavonoid components is not comprehensive. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the pharmacological and mechanistic data from recent researches on licorice flavonoids and their bioactive components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuxian Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qunqun Du
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yaqi Xue
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Quanfu Zeng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Cuiping Jiang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510315, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Impact of visible light on skin health: The role of antioxidants and free radical quenchers in skin protection. J Am Acad Dermatol 2021; 86:S27-S37. [PMID: 34942294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, the primary focus of photobiology has centered on the impact of UV radiation on skin health, including DNA damage and oncogenesis; however, the significant effects of visible light (VL) on skin remain grossly underreported. VL has been reported to cause erythema in individuals with light skin (Fitzpatrick skin types [FSTs] I-III) and pigmentary changes in individuals with dark skin types (FSTs IV-VI). These effects have importance in dermatologic diseases and potentially play a role in conditions aggravated by sun exposure, including phototoxicity in patients with FSTs I to III and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and melasma in patients with FSTs IV to VI. The induction of free radicals, leading to the generation of reactive species, is one driving mechanism of VL-induced skin pathologies, leading to the induction of melanogenesis and hyperpigmentation. Initial clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of topical sunscreen with antioxidant combinations in inhibiting VL + UV-A1-induced erythema in FSTs I to III and reducing pigmentation in FSTs IV to VI. Antioxidants may help prevent the worsening of pigmentary disorders and can be incorporated into photoprotective strategies. It is essential that dermatologists and the public are aware of the impact of VL on skin, especially in patients with skin of color, and understand the available options for VL protection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Egbujor MC, Saha S, Buttari B, Profumo E, Saso L. Activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway by natural and synthetic chalcones: a therapeutic road map for oxidative stress. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:465-480. [PMID: 33691555 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1901578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction:Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a key role in diverse gene expressions responsible for protection against oxidative stress and xenobiotics. Chalcones with a common chemical scaffold of 1,3-diaryl-2- propen-1-one, are abundantly present in nature with a wide variety of pharmacological properties. This review will discuss the interactions of natural and synthetic chalcones with Nrf2 signaling.Areas covered:Chalcones are reportedly found to activate Nrf2 signaling pathway, expression of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant genes, induce cytoprotective proteins and upregulate multidrug resistance-associated proteins. Chalcones being soft electrophiles are less prone to hostile off-target effects and unlikely to induce carcinogenicity and mutagenicity. Furthermore, their low toxicity, structural diversity, feasibility in structural reorganization and the presence of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group which makes them suitable drug candidates targeting Nrf2-dependent diseases.Expert opinion:Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway plays a central role in redox signaling. However, available therapeutic agents for Nrf2 activation have limited practical applications due to their associated risks, relatively low efficacy and bioavailability. The designing and fabrication of new chemical entities with chalcone scaffold-based Michael acceptor mechanism should be aimed as potential therapeutic Nrf2 activators to target oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases such as atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and many more.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melford Chuka Egbujor
- Department of Industrial Chemistry, Renaissance University, Ugbawka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Synthesis and neuroprotective effects of novel chalcone-triazole hybrids. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
13
|
Natural Nrf2 Modulators for Skin Protection. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090812. [PMID: 32882952 PMCID: PMC7556038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of antioxidant responsive elements (ARE), which are commonly found in the promoter of the Phase II metabolism/antioxidant enzymes, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the transcription factor that binds to ARE, the study conducted in this field has expanded remarkably over the decades, and the Nrf2-mediated pathway is now recognized to occupy a central position in cell defense mechanisms. Induction of the Phase II metabolism/antioxidant enzymes through direct activation of Nrf2 can be a promising strategy for preventing degenerative diseases in general, but a dark side of this strategy should be considered, as Nrf2 activation can enhance the survival of cancer cells. In this review, we discuss the historical discovery of Nrf2 and the regulatory mechanism of the Nrf2-mediated pathway, focusing on the interacting proteins and post-translational modifications. In addition, we discuss the latest studies that examined various natural Nrf2 modulators for the protective roles in the skin, in consideration of their dermatological and cosmetic applications. Studies are reviewed in the order of time of research as much as possible, to help understand how and why such studies were conducted under the circumstances of that time. We hope that this review can serve as a steppingstone in conducting more advanced research by providing a scientific basis for researchers newly entering this field.
Collapse
|
14
|
Lin T, Chiu Y, Lin C, Lin C, Chao C, Chen Y, Yang S, Lin W, Mei Hsieh‐Li H, Wu Y, Chang K, Lee‐Chen G, Chen C. Exploration of multi-target effects of 3-benzoyl-5-hydroxychromen-2-one in Alzheimer's disease cell and mouse models. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13169. [PMID: 32496635 PMCID: PMC7433010 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein Tau, abundant in the central nervous system (CNS), plays crucial roles in microtubule assembly and stabilization. Abnormal Tau phosphorylation and aggregation are a common pathogenic hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hyperphosphorylation of Tau could change its conformation and result in self-aggregation, increased oxidative stress, and neuronal death. In this study, we examined the potential of licochalcone A (a natural chalcone) and five synthetic derivatives (LM compounds) for inhibiting Tau misfolding, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and providing neuroprotection in human cells expressing proaggregant ΔK280 TauRD -DsRed. All test compounds were soluble up to 100 μM in cell culture media and predicted to be orally bioavailable and CNS-active. Among them, licochalcone A and LM-031 markedly reduced Tau misfolding and associated ROS, promoted neurite outgrowth, and inhibited caspase 3 activity in ΔK280 TauRD -DsRed 293 and SH-SY5Y cells. Mechanistic studies showed that LM-031 upregulates HSPB1 chaperone, NRF2/NQO1/GCLC pathway, and CREB-dependent BDNF/AKT/ERK/BCL2 pathway in ΔK280 TauRD -DsRed SH-SY5Y cells. Decreased neurite outgrowth upon induction of ΔK280 TauRD -DsRed was rescued by LM-031, which was counteracted by knockdown of NRF2 or CREB. LM-031 further rescued the downregulated NRF2 and pCREB, reduced Aβ and Tau levels in hippocampus and cortex, and ameliorated cognitive deficits in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemic 3 × Tg-AD mice. Our findings strongly indicate the potential of LM-031 for modifying AD progression by targeting HSPB1 to reduce Tau misfolding and activating NRF2 and CREB pathways to suppress apoptosis and promote neuron survival, thereby offering a new drug development avenue for AD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te‐Hsien Lin
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ya‐Jen Chiu
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chung‐Yin Lin
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Ying Chao
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Chieh Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Shu‐Mei Yang
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh‐Li
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yih‐Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Kuo‐Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Guey‐Jen Lee‐Chen
- Department of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chiung‐Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Natural Chalcones in Chinese Materia Medica: Licorice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3821248. [PMID: 32256642 PMCID: PMC7102474 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3821248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Licorice is an important Chinese materia medica frequently used in clinical practice, which contains more than 20 triterpenoids and 300 flavonoids. Chalcone, one of the major classes of flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities and is widely distributed in nature. To date, about 42 chalcones have been isolated and identified from licorice. These chalcones play a pivotal role when licorice exerts its pharmacological effects. According to the research reports, these compounds have a wide range of biological activities, containing anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidative, antiviral, antidiabetic, antidepressive, hepatoprotective activities, and so on. This review aims to summarize structures and biological activities of chalcones from licorice. We hope that this work can provide a theoretical basis for the further studies of chalcones from licorice.
Collapse
|
16
|
Nguyen JK, Masub N, Jagdeo J. Bioactive ingredients in Korean cosmeceuticals: Trends and research evidence. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:1555-1569. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie K. Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Natasha Masub
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology SUNY Downstate Medical Center Brooklyn NY USA
- Dermatology Service VA New York Harbor Healthcare System – Brooklyn Campus Brooklyn NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
New Herbal Biomedicines for the Topical Treatment of Dermatological Disorders. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8020027. [PMID: 32046246 PMCID: PMC7168306 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal extracts and isolated plant compounds play an increasing role in the treatment of skin disorders and wounds. Several new herbal drugs, medicinal products and cosmetic products for the treatment of various skin conditions have been developed in recent years. In this nonsystematic review, we focus on herbal drugs that were tested in controlled clinical studies or in scientifically sound preclinical studies. The herbal biomedicines are intended to treat atopic dermatitis (St. John's wort, licorice, tormentil, bitter substances, evening primrose), psoriasis (araroba tree, lace flower, barberry bark, indigo, turmeric, olibanum, St. John's wort), actinic keratosis (birch bark, petty spurge), herpes simplex (lemon balm, sage and rhubarb), rosacea (green tea, licorice, tormentil) and acne vulgaris (tea tree oil, green tea, hop), or to improve photo protection (green tea, Dyer's weed, cocoa tree, carotinoids, licorice), aesthetic dermatology (licorice, pine bark, gotu kola) and wound healing (birch bark, onion).
Collapse
|
18
|
Dall'Oglio F, Fabbrocini G, Tedeschi A, Donnarumma M, Chiodini P, Micali G. Licochalcone A in Combination with Salicylic Acid as Fluid Based and Hydroxy-Complex 10% Cream for the Treatment of Mild Acne: A Multicenter Prospective Trial. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2019; 12:961-967. [PMID: 32099436 PMCID: PMC6997230 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s206935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Topical cosmetic agents if correctly prescribed and used may improve outcomes in acne therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a new daily cosmetic regimen in the treatment of mild facial acne. Patients and methods A multicenter, prospective, observational, clinical study was conducted on 91 adult patients with mild acne. Subjects were instructed to apply a fluid containing Licochalcone A/Salicylic acid/L-Carnitine in the morning and a cream with Licochalcone A/Hydroxy-Complex 10% at bedtime for 8 weeks. The efficacy was clinically evaluated by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score and by comedones/papules lesions count and by instrumental assessment (SebutapeTMand Reveal Photo Imager/VISIA-CR™ imaging) at baseline, at 4 and 8 weeks. Results At 4 weeks a statistically significant reduction from baseline of GAGSwas observed. In addition, the mean total count of comedones and papules was significantly reduced by 41% and 45%, respectively, from baseline along with a significant reduction of mean sebum of 47%. At 8 weeks, a further statistically significant reduction from baseline of GAGS, total count of comedones and papules (64% and 71%, respectively), along with an additional sebum reduction of about 52% was also recorded. Conclusion Our results suggest that the daily regimen based on Licochalcone A with Salicylic acid/L-Carnitine as fluid or with Hydroxy-Complex 10% as cream represent an interesting cosmetic approach for treating mild acne.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Donnarumma
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Chiodini
- Medical Statistics Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mann T, Eggers K, Rippke F, Tesch M, Buerger A, Darvin ME, Schanzer S, Meinke MC, Lademann J, Kolbe L. High-energy visible light at ambient doses and intensities induces oxidative stress of skin-Protective effects of the antioxidant and Nrf2 inducer Licochalcone A in vitro and in vivo. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2019; 36:135-144. [PMID: 31661571 PMCID: PMC7078816 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solar radiation causes skin damage through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While UV filters effectively reduce UV-induced ROS, they cannot prevent VIS-induced (400-760 nm) oxidative stress. Therefore, potent antioxidants are needed as additives to sunscreen products. METHODS We investigated VIS-induced ROS formation and the photoprotective effects of the Nrf2 inducer Licochalcone A (LicA). RESULTS Visible spectrum of 400-500 nm dose-dependently induced ROS in cultured human fibroblasts at doses equivalent to 1 hour of sunshine on a sunny summer day (150 J/cm2 ). A pretreatment for 24 hours with 1 µmol/L LicA reduced ROS formation to the level of unirradiated cells while UV filters alone were ineffective, even at SPF50+. In vivo, topical treatment with a LicA-containing SPF50 + formulation significantly prevented the depletion of intradermal carotenoids by VIS irradiation while SPF50 + control did not protect. CONCLUSION LicA may be a useful additive antioxidant for sunscreens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Mann
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Eggers
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Rippke
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mirko Tesch
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anette Buerger
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maxim E Darvin
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Schanzer
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina C Meinke
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lademann
- Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludger Kolbe
- Beiersdorf AG, Research and Development, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maria Pia GD, Sara F, Mario F, Lorenza S. Biological Effects of Licochalcones. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:647-656. [PMID: 30049263 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180601095420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants and their natural bioactive molecules, are evaluated as the foundation for health preservation and care of humanity. The licorice root, known as "Radix Glycyrrhizae", is a perennial plant that comes from Mediterranean countries, central to southern Russia, Asia, Turkey, Iraq and Iran. The licorice root has been used in traditional Chinese medicines for centuries and has been defined as "the progenitor of herbs". The name 'Licorice' is derived from the ancient Greek word Glukurrhiza, meaning 'sweet root'. It consists of approximately 30 species, however, the most common ones consist of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Glycyrrhiza Inflata. In addition, the licorice root contains chalcones, which are a part of an important class of natural products and are precursors of flavonoids. Chemically, chalcones are composed of two aromatic rings associated with α, β-unsaturated α-carbon ketone, representing the prima nucleus of the structure. They have been classified, according to chemical structures, in Licochalcone A, B, C, D, E, F and G. This review aims to highlight all the in vitro and in vivo studies that have been conducted on the licochalcones, extracted from Glycyrrhiza species. The main effects are as follows: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiallergic, antidiabetic, hepatotoxic and osteogenic. It is important to implement the introduction of biologically active natural molecules from the bench (research) to the bedside (clinical practice). However, in the future, it is required to conduct additional studies to validate these biological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gatta Daniela Maria Pia
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Franceschelli Sara
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Felaco Mario
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Speranza Lorenza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang S, Dunlap TL, Huang L, Liu Y, Simmler C, Lantvit DD, Crosby J, Howell CE, Dong H, Chen SN, Pauli GF, van Breemen RB, Dietz BM, Bolton JL. Evidence for Chemopreventive and Resilience Activity of Licorice: Glycyrrhiza Glabra and G. Inflata Extracts Modulate Estrogen Metabolism in ACI Rats. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:819-830. [PMID: 30287522 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Women are increasingly using botanical dietary supplements (BDS) to reduce menopausal hot flashes. Although licorice (Glycyrrhiza sp.) is one of the frequently used ingredients in BDS, the exact plant species is often not identified. We previously showed that in breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A), Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG) and G. inflata (GI), and their compounds differentially modulated P450 1A1 and P450 1B1 gene expression, which are responsible for estrogen detoxification and genotoxicity, respectively. GG and isoliquiritigenin (LigC) increased CYP1A1, whereas GI and its marker compound, licochalcone A (LicA), decreased CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of the bioactive licorice compounds, the metabolism of LicA, and whether GG, GI, and/or pure LicA modulate NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) in an ACI rat model. In addition, the effect of licorice extracts and compounds on biomarkers of estrogen chemoprevention (CYP1A1) as well as carcinogenesis (CYP1B1) was studied. LicA was extensively glucuronidated and formed GSH adducts; however, free LicA as well as LigC were bioavailable in target tissues after oral intake of licorice extracts. GG, GI, and LicA caused induction of NQO1 activity in the liver. In mammary tissue, GI increased CYP1A1 and decreased CYP1B1, whereas GG only increased CYP1A1 LigC may have contributed to the upregulation of CYP1A1 after GG and GI administration. In contrast, LicA was responsible for GI-mediated downregulation of CYP1B1 These studies highlight the polypharmacologic nature of botanicals and the importance of standardization of licorice BDS to specific Glycyrrhiza species and to multiple constituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tareisha L Dunlap
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lingyi Huang
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yang Liu
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel D Lantvit
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jenna Crosby
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Caitlin E Howell
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Huali Dong
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guido F Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard B van Breemen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Birgit M Dietz
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Judy L Bolton
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lee SY, Chiu YJ, Yang SM, Chen CM, Huang CC, Lee-Chen GJ, Lin W, Chang KH. Novel synthetic chalcone-coumarin hybrid for Aβ aggregation reduction, antioxidation, and neuroprotection. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 24:1286-1298. [PMID: 30596401 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggregation of misfolded amyloid β (Aβ) in senile plaques causes oxidative stress and neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compounds possessing antiaggregation and antioxidant properties are promising candidate compounds for AD treatment. METHODS We examined the potential of synthetic derivatives of licochalcone A and coumarin for inhibiting Aβ aggregation, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and providing neuroprotection by using biochemical assays and Tet-On Aβ-GFP 293/SH-SY5Y cell models for AD. RESULTS Among test compounds, LM-031, a novel chalcone-coumarin hybrid, inhibited Aβ aggregation and scavenged free oxygen radicals. LM-031 markedly reduced Aβ misfolding and ROS as well as promoted neurite outgrowth and inhibited acetylcholinesterase in Tet-On Aβ-GFP 293/SH-SY5Y cells. Mechanistic studies showed upregulation of the HSPB1 chaperone, NRF2/NQO1/GCLC pathway, and CREB/BDNF/BCL2 pathway. Decreased neurite outgrowth upon the induction of Aβ-GFP was rescued by LM-031, which was counteracted by knockdown of HSPB1, NRF2, or CREB. CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings demonstrate that LM-031 exhibited antiaggregation, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects against Aβ toxicity by enhancing HSPB1 and the NRF2-related antioxidant pathway as well as by activating the CREB-dependent survival and antiapoptosis pathway. These results imply that LM-031 may be a new therapeutic compound for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ying Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Jen Chiu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Mei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wenwei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu D, Huo X, Gao L, Zhang J, Ni H, Cao L. NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways contribute to the protective effect of Licochalcone A on dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:922-929. [PMID: 29710547 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Licochalcone A (Lico A) is a characteristic chalcone isolated from licorice root which is widely recognized in traditional Chinese medicine for the ability of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-parasitic and anti-cancer. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Lico A on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in a mouse model which was induced by administration of 3% DSS in drinking water. Mice were then treated with Lico A (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg, p.o.) or 0.9% saline (20 ml/kg, p.o.) for 17 days. The results showed that treatment with Lico A significantly reduced the colon length, histological damage scores, and colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in a dose-dependent manner as compared to the UC control group. Besides, Lico A significantly decreased the oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines, downregulated nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and upregulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Collectively, Lico A is effective in alleviating DSS-induced colitis in mice and the mechanism is associated with its inhibition of NF-κB-regulated pro-inflammatory signaling and activation of Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Huo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Li Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hui Ni
- Xinjiang Institute of Chinese and Ethnic Medicine, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Su X, Li T, Liu Z, Huang Q, Liao K, Ren R, Lu L, Qi X, Wang M, Chen J, Zhou H, Leung ELH, Pan H, Liu J, Wang H, Huang L, Liu L. Licochalcone A activates Keap1-Nrf2 signaling to suppress arthritis via phosphorylation of p62 at serine 349. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 115:471-483. [PMID: 29233793 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Licochalcone A (LCA) is derived from glycyrrhizae radix with antimicrobial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the anti-arthritic function of LCA and underlying mechanism has not been yet explored. The current study investigated the anti-arthritic effect of LCA and elucidated the underlying mechanism. The results showed that LCA significantly suppressed arthritis via the activation of SQSTM1 (p62)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling in the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model of DBA mice. In coincided with the results, this anti-arthritic effect of LCA was remarkably diminished in the collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model of Nrf2-/- mice. These findings indicate that p62/Nrf2 signaling is a crucial pathway for the induction and treatment of arthritis. To further validate the effect of LCA on the arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) isolated from the synovium of RA patients were employed in the study. In coincided with in vivo results, LCA inhibited the cell proliferation and arrested the cell cycle, induced apoptosis, suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes via the activation of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling by enhancing p62 phosphorylation and expression, Nrf2 accumulation and Nrf2 nucleus translocation. Findings in the current study provide evidence that p62-Keap1-Nrf2 axis is a pivotal signaling pathway in development of arthritis and therapeutic efficacy of drugs, and LCA activates of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling to suppress arthritis by phosphorylation of p62 at Ser349. Collectively, LCA is valuable to be further investigated as a lead compound for application in anti-arthritis, and interference with the interaction between Nrf2 and Keap1 by phosphorylation of p62 may be a promising strategy for the discovery of anti-arthritic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Qingchun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kangsheng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Rutong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Linlin Lu
- International Institute for Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Qi
- International Institute for Translational Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Maojie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hudan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lufen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The Ethanol Extract of Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) Protects against Triptolide-Induced Oxidative Stress through Activation of Nrf2. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2752389. [PMID: 29234377 PMCID: PMC5634606 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2752389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the potential role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in licorice ethanol extract (LEE) against triptolide- (TP-) induced hepatotoxicity, HepG2 cells were exposed to LEE (30, 60, and 90 mg·L−1) for 12 h and then treated with TP (50 nM) for 24 h. Besides, an acute liver injury model was established in ICR mice by a single dose of TP (1.0 mg·kg−1, i.p.). Relevant oxidant and antioxidant mediators were analyzed. TP led to an obvious oxidative stress as evidenced by increasing levels of ROS and decreasing GSH contents in HepG2 cells. In vitro results were likely to hold true in in vivo experiments. LEE protected against TP-induced oxidative stress in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Furthermore, the decreased level of Nrf2 in the TP-treated group was observed. The mRNA levels of downstream genes decreased as well in ICR mice liver, whereas they increased in HepG2 cells. In contrast, LEE pretreatment significantly increased the level of Nrf2 and its downstream genes. LEE protects against TP-induced oxidative stress partly via the activation of Nrf2 pathway.
Collapse
|
26
|
Li K, Ji S, Song W, Kuang Y, Lin Y, Tang S, Cui Z, Qiao X, Yu S, Ye M. Glycybridins A-K, Bioactive Phenolic Compounds from Glycyrrhiza glabra. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:334-346. [PMID: 28140583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to discover bioactive agents from the herbal medicine Glycyrrhiza glabra (widely known as licorice), 11 new phenolic compounds, glycybridins A-K (1-11), along with 47 known phenolics (12-58) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive NMR and MS analyses as well as experimental and computed ECD data. According to the clinical therapeutic effects of licorice, enzyme or cell-based bioactivity screenings of 1-58 were conducted. A number of compounds significantly activate Nrf2, inhibit tyrosinase or PTP1B, inhibit LPS-induced NO production and NF-κB transcription, and inhibit the proliferation of human cancer cells (HepG2, SW480, A549, MCF7). Glycybridin D (4) showed moderate cytotoxic activities against the four cancer cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 4.6 to 6.6 μM. Further studies indicated that 4 (10 mg/kg, ip) decreased tumor mass by 39.7% on an A549 human lung carcinoma xenograft mice model, but showed little toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Zexu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Siwang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University , 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Haslam IS, Jadkauskaite L, Szabó IL, Staege S, Hesebeck-Brinckmann J, Jenkins G, Bhogal RK, Lim FL, Farjo N, Farjo B, Bíró T, Schäfer M, Paus R. Oxidative Damage Control in a Human (Mini-) Organ: Nrf2 Activation Protects against Oxidative Stress-Induced Hair Growth Inhibition. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:295-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
28
|
Karkanis A, Martins N, Petropoulos S, Ferreira I. Phytochemical composition, health effects, and crop management of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabraL.): Α medicinal plant. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2016.1261300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Karkanis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - N. Martins
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - S.A. Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Nea Ionia, Magnesia, Greece
| | - I.C.F.R. Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), ESA, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schoelermann AM, Weber TM, Arrowitz C, Rizer RL, Qian K, Babcock M. Skin compatibility and efficacy of a cosmetic skin care regimen with licochalcone A and 4-t-butylcyclohexanol in patients with rosacea subtype I. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30 Suppl 1:21-7. [PMID: 26805419 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with rosacea often show facial sensitivity to cosmetics or skin care products that can influence the severity of symptoms and exacerbate erythema and inflammation. Nevertheless, special skin care is necessary to address cosmetic concerns and reduce the potential side-effects of topical or oral treatment of the disease. Appropriate skin care should comprise gentle cleansing, effective moisturization, soothing actives, UV protection and concealing pigments to help neutralize the appearance of redness. OBJECTIVE To determine the compatibility and efficacy of a skin care regimen (consisting of a cleanser, a day care with SPF25 and a night care) containing licochalcone A (Lic A), an anti-irritant from the licorice plant Glycyrrhiza inflata, and 4-t-butylcyclohexanol (SymSitive(®) ), a substance which acts as a sensitivity regulator, in female subjects with clinically determined subtype I rosacea. METHODS Thirty-two test subjects with mild to moderate rosacea used the skin care regimen daily for 8 weeks. Clinical assessment of erythema, subjective irritation and clinical photography were performed at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks. Additionally, a quality-of-life questionnaire was filled out by the test subjects at baseline and week 8. The subjects completed a self-assessment questionnaire on product properties after 4 and 8 weeks of product use. RESULTS Clinical assessments and subject response confirmed very good tolerability of the regimen, a statistically significant improvement in clinical grading for erythema and tactile roughness at weeks 4 and 8 and on telangiectasia at week 8 when compared to baseline scores. A statistically significant improvement in facial redness (a*) values, based on the L*a*b* colorimetric system, was determined at week 4 and 8 in comparison to baseline. No difference in corneometric measurement was detected at week 4 and 8 compared to baseline. CONCLUSION The skin care regimen was found to be highly compatible with the sensitive facial skin of patients with rosacea subtype I and effective in improving signs of rosacea. Therefore, the daily use of skin care products containing LicA and SymSitive(®) in patients with rosacea improves the overall skin appearance and the quality of life of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R L Rizer
- TJ Stephens & Associates, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - K Qian
- TJ Stephens & Associates, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - M Babcock
- TJ Stephens & Associates, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Akram M, Shin I, Kim KA, Noh D, Baek SH, Chang SY, Kim H, Bae ON. A newly synthesized macakurzin C-derivative attenuates acute and chronic skin inflammation: The Nrf2/heme oxygenase signaling as a potential target. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 307:62-71. [PMID: 27450019 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Impaired immune responses in skin play a pivotal role in the development and progression of chemical-associated inflammatory skin disorders. In this study, we synthesized new flavonoid derivatives from macakurzin C, and identified in vitro and in vivo efficacy of a potent anti-inflammatory flavonoid, Compound 14 (CPD 14), with its underlying mechanisms. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages and IFN-γ/TNF-α-stimulated human keratinocytes, CPD 14 significantly inhibited the release of inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandins, and cytokines (IC50 for NO inhibition in macrophages: 4.61μM). Attenuated NF-κB signaling and activated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway were responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of CPD 14. The in vivo relevance was examined in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA)-induced acute skin inflammation and oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis models. Topically applied CPD 14 significantly protected both irritation- and sensitization-associated skin inflammation by suppressing the expression of inflammatory mediators. In summary, we demonstrated that a newly synthesized flavonoid, CPD 14, has potent inhibitory effects on skin inflammation, suggesting it is a potential therapeutic candidate to treat skin disorders associated with excessive inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Iljin Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-A Kim
- College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabi Noh
- College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST), Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- College of Pharmacy Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fu B, Guo S, Yu X, Chang H, Wang W. Astragalus Salvia Granules to Benefit the Qi (Qishen Yiqi Keli) protects H9C2 cardiomyocytes by suppressing oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
32
|
Law BYK, Mok SWF, Wu AG, Lam CWK, Yu MXY, Wong VKW. New Potential Pharmacological Functions of Chinese Herbal Medicines via Regulation of Autophagy. Molecules 2016; 21:359. [PMID: 26999089 PMCID: PMC6274228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a universal catabolic cellular process for quality control of cytoplasm and maintenance of cellular homeostasis upon nutrient deprivation and environmental stimulus. It involves the lysosomal degradation of cellular components such as misfolded proteins or damaged organelles. Defects in autophagy are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases including cancers, myopathy, neurodegenerations, infections and cardiovascular diseases. In the recent decade, traditional drugs with new clinical applications are not only commonly found in Western medicines, but also highlighted in Chinese herbal medicines (CHM). For instance, pharmacological studies have revealed that active components or fractions from Chaihu (Radix bupleuri), Hu Zhang (Rhizoma polygoni cuspidati), Donglingcao (Rabdosia rubesens), Hou po (Cortex magnoliae officinalis) and Chuan xiong (Rhizoma chuanxiong) modulate cancers, neurodegeneration and cardiovascular disease via autophagy. These findings shed light on the potential new applications and formulation of CHM decoctions via regulation of autophagy. This article reviews the roles of autophagy in the pharmacological actions of CHM and discusses their new potential clinical applications in various human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - An Guo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Margaret Xin Yi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sulzberger M, Worthmann AC, Holtzmann U, Buck B, Jung K, Schoelermann A, Rippke F, Stäb F, Wenck H, Neufang G, Grönniger E. Effective treatment for sensitive skin: 4-t-butylcyclohexanol and licochalcone A. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30 Suppl 1:9-17. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sulzberger
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | | | - U. Holtzmann
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - B. Buck
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - K.A. Jung
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | | | - F. Rippke
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - F. Stäb
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - H. Wenck
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - G. Neufang
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| | - E. Grönniger
- Research & Development; Beiersdorf AG; Hamburg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Nrf2–ARE pathway: An emerging target against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 157:84-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
35
|
Dunlap TL, Wang S, Simmler C, Chen SN, Pauli GF, Dietz BM, Bolton JL. Differential Effects of Glycyrrhiza Species on Genotoxic Estrogen Metabolism: Licochalcone A Downregulates P450 1B1, whereas Isoliquiritigenin Stimulates It. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:1584-94. [PMID: 26134484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.5b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen chemical carcinogenesis involves 4-hydroxylation of estrone/estradiol (E1/E2) by P450 1B1, generating catechol and quinone genotoxic metabolites that cause DNA mutations and initiate/promote breast cancer. Inflammation enhances this effect by upregulating P450 1B1. The present study tested the three authenticated medicinal species of licorice [Glycyrrhiza glabra (GG), G. uralensis (GU), and G. inflata (GI)] used by women as dietary supplements for their anti-inflammatory activities and their ability to modulate estrogen metabolism. The pure compounds, liquiritigenin (LigF), its chalcone isomer isoliquiritigenin (LigC), and the GI-specific licochalcone A (LicA) were also tested. The licorice extracts and compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by measuring inhibition of iNOS activity in macrophage cells: GI ≫ GG > GU and LigC ≅ LicA ≫ LigF. The Michael acceptor chalcone, LicA, is likely responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of GI. A sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was employed to quantify estrogen metabolism by measuring 2-MeOE1 as nontoxic and 4-MeOE1 as genotoxic biomarkers in the nontumorigenic human mammary epithelial cell line, MCF-10A. GG, GU, and LigC increased 4-MeOE1, whereas GI and LicA inhibited 2- and 4-MeOE1 levels. GG, GU (5 μg/mL), and LigC (1 μM) also enhanced P450 1B1 expression and activities, which was further increased by inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ). LicA (1, 10 μM) decreased cytokine- and TCDD-induced P450 1B1 gene expression and TCDD-induced xenobiotic response element luciferase reporter (IC50 = 12.3 μM), suggesting an antagonistic effect on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which regulates P450 1B1. Similarly, GI (5 μg/mL) reduced cytokine- and TCDD-induced P450 1B1 gene expression. Collectively, these data suggest that, of the three licorice species that are used in botanical supplements, GI represents the most promising chemopreventive licorice extract for women's health. Additionally, the differential effects of the Glycyrrhiza species on estrogen metabolism emphasize the importance of standardization of botanical supplements to species-specific bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tareisha L Dunlap
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Shuai Wang
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Charlotte Simmler
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Guido F Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Birgit M Dietz
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Judy L Bolton
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| |
Collapse
|