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Xu P, Xiao W, Xu K, He Y, Miao X, Dong Y, Sun L. Potential strategy of microneedle-based transdermal drug delivery system for effective management of skin-related immune disorders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 195:114148. [PMID: 37995878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Skin-related immune disorders are a category of diseases that lead to the dysregulation of the body's immune response due to imbalanced immune regulation. These disorders exhibit diverse clinical manifestations and complicated pathogenesis. The long-term use of corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunosuppressants as traditional treatment methods for skin-related immune disorders frequently leads to adverse reactions in patients. In addition, the effect of external preparations is not ideal in some cases due to the compacted barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC). Microneedles (MNs) are novel transdermal drug delivery systems that have theapparent advantages ofpenetrating the skin barrier, such as long-term and controlled drug delivery, less systemic exposure, and painless and minimally invasive targeted delivery. These advantages make it a good candidate formulation for the treatment of skin-related immune disorders and a hotspot for research in this field. This paper updates the classification, preparation, evaluation strategies, materials, and related applications of five types of MNs. Specific information, including the mechanical properties, dimensions, stability, and in vitro and in vivo evaluations of MNs in the treatment of skin-related immune disorders, is also discussed. This review provides an overview of the advances and applications of MNs in the effective treatment of skin-related immune disorders and their emerging trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China.
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Cintoni M, Palombaro M, Maramao FS, Raoul P, Egidi G, Leonardi E, Bianchi L, Campione E, Rinninella E, Gasbarrini A, Mele MC. Metabolic Disorders and Psoriasis: Exploring the Role of Nutritional Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:3876. [PMID: 37764660 PMCID: PMC10535393 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease with a close relationship with metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. The aim of this review was to identify the relationship between psoriasis, metabolic diseases, and dietetic therapies. According to recent findings, there is a strong association between psoriasis and obesity as well as vitamin D and micronutrient deficiencies. (2) Methods: This review was conducted via PubMed, aiming to search for studies involving psoriasis linked with metabolic disorders or with nutritional treatments. (3) Results: Our review shows that a healthy lifestyle can positively influence the course of the disease. The maintaining of a proper body weight together with physical activity and good nutritional choices are associated with an improvement in psoriasis severity. A Mediterranean diet rich in fiber, vitamins, and polyphenols may indeed be a strategy for controlling psoriasis symptoms. The effectiveness of this diet lies not only in its anti-inflammatory power, but also in its ability to favorably influence the intestinal microbiota and counteract dysbiosis, which is a risk factor for many autoimmune diseases. (4) Conclusions: In synergy with standard therapy, the adoption of an appropriate diet can be recommended to improve the clinical expression of psoriasis and reduce the incidence of comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cintoni
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
- Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Palombaro
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Fabio Stefano Maramao
- UOSD di Dermatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.S.M.); (L.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Pauline Raoul
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Gabriele Egidi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Elena Leonardi
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
| | - Luca Bianchi
- UOSD di Dermatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.S.M.); (L.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Elena Campione
- UOSD di Dermatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (F.S.M.); (L.B.); (E.C.)
| | - Emanuele Rinninella
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
- Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- UOC di Medicina Interna e Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mele
- UOC di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche Endocrino-Metaboliche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (M.P.); (G.E.); (E.L.); (E.R.); (M.C.M.)
- Centro di Ricerca e Formazione in Nutrizione Umana, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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3
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Elgarhy LH, Eltatawy RA, Rizk O, Ismail M. Vitamin D Receptor Expression in Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Before and After Narrowband Ultraviolet B Phototherapy. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2023; 16:128-133. [PMID: 37554687 PMCID: PMC10405538 DOI: 10.4103/jcas.jcas_122_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease. It is a combination of genetic, immunological, and environmental factors. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear receptor that regulates epidermal cell growth through the inhibition of proliferation and induction of keratinocytes terminal differentiation. Aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Narrow-band UVB (NB-UVB) therapy on VDR expression in the skin of psoriasis patients. Materials and Methods Forty patients with different severities of psoriasis were assessed using the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score. Lesional and non-lesional skin biopsies were obtained from each patient before NB-UVB therapy, and then a third lesional biopsy was performed after completing 24 sessions of NB-UVB. Immunohistochemistry for VDR was performed on all specimens. Results There was a significant decrease in VDR expression in psoriatic lesions compared to that in non-lesional skin before treatment. A statistically negative correlation was detected between the degree of VDR expression before treatment and PASI score, family history, and duration of psoriasis. There was a significant increase in VDR expression at the sites of psoriasis lesions post-NB-UVB therapy compared to pretreatment lesional skin. Conclusion VDR expression was down-regulated in psoriatic lesions compared to non-lesional skin, and NB-UVB therapy improved VDR expression in psoriasis skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamia H Elgarhy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rania A Eltatawy
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omnia Rizk
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mayada Ismail
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Bahaj SS, AbdElneam A. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism ApaI as a Predisposing Factor for Psoriasis and Its Relation With Serum Vitamin D Levels and Psoriasis Severity. Cureus 2022; 14:e32715. [PMID: 36686134 PMCID: PMC9849829 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Psoriasis is a chronic, relapsing and inflammatory multisystemic disease with both genetic predisposition and autoimmune pathogenic traits. Several types of vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been investigated as a predisposing factor for psoriasis susceptibility with controversial results. However, the exact pathophysiological effect of the VDR gene on psoriasis susceptibility remains poorly understood. We aimed to determine whether VDR gene polymorphisms, specifically rs7975232 (ApaI), afford psoriasis susceptibility in a given community in Saudi Arabia. Also, to assess its possible relation with disease severity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In a comparative case-control study comprising 53 psoriatic patients and 41 matched healthy controls, we measured serum ApaI levels, and the PCR-RFLEP technique detected ApaI genetic polymorphism (rs7975232) for both groups. Serum vitamin D level was measured in both groups. RESULT Our results revealed that A/A genotype of ApaI was significantly more predominant in patients than controls, while A/a genotype was more common in healthy subjects. Furthermore, A allele was significantly over-represented in the patients' group compared to the controls (P≤0.001). Serum vitamin D levels were significantly higher in mild psoriatic patients than in those with moderate and severe types (P=0.002). Mild psoriatic patients with a/a genotypes have higher vitamin D levels than severe patients with A/A genotypes and A/a moderate patients (P≤0.001). CONCLUSION Our data indicated clearly that VDR gene polymorphism, namely ApaI, is associated with psoriasis susceptibility. Furthermore, serum vitamin D level in psoriatic patients varies among different ApaI genotypes, where it is lowest in AA genotype.
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5
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An Update on the Effects of Vitamin D on the Immune System and Autoimmune Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179784. [PMID: 36077185 PMCID: PMC9456003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D intervenes in calcium and phosphate metabolism and bone homeostasis. Experimental studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) generates immunologic activities on the innate and adaptive immune system and endothelial membrane stability. Low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of developing immune-related diseases such as psoriasis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and autoimmune diseases. Various clinical trials describe the efficacy of supplementation of vitamin D and its metabolites for treating these diseases that result in variable outcomes. Different disease outcomes are observed in treatment with vitamin D as high inter-individual difference is present with complex gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, it is still not fully known what level of serum 25(OH)D is needed. The current recommendation is to increase vitamin D intake and have enough sunlight exposure to have serum 25(OH)D at a level of 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L) and better at 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L) to obtain the optimal health benefits of vitamin D.
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Brożyna AA, Slominski RM, Nedoszytko B, Zmijewski MA, Slominski AT. Vitamin D Signaling in Psoriasis: Pathogenesis and Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158575. [PMID: 35955731 PMCID: PMC9369120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic, chronic, immune-mediated disease that affects approximately 2–3% of the world’s population. The etiology and pathophysiology of psoriasis are still unknown, but the activation of the adaptive immune system with the main role of T-cells is key in psoriasis pathogenesis. The modulation of the local neuroendocrine system with the downregulation of pro-inflammatory and the upregulation of anti-inflammatory messengers represent a promising adjuvant treatment in psoriasis therapies. Vitamin D receptors and vitamin D-mediated signaling pathways function in the skin and are essential in maintaining the skin homeostasis. The active forms of vitamin D act as powerful immunomodulators of clinical response in psoriatic patients and represent the effective and safe adjuvant treatments for psoriasis, even when high doses of vitamin D are administered. The phototherapy of psoriasis, especially UVB-based, changes the serum level of 25(OH)D, but the correlation of 25(OH)D changes and psoriasis improvement need more clinical trials, since contradictory data have been published. Vitamin D derivatives can improve the efficacy of psoriasis phototherapy without inducing adverse side effects. The anti-psoriatic treatment could include non-calcemic CYP11A1-derived vitamin D hydroxyderivatives that would act on the VDR or as inverse agonists on RORs or activate alternative nuclear receptors including AhR and LXRs. In conclusion, vitamin D signaling can play an important role in the natural history of psoriasis. Selective targeting of proper nuclear receptors could represent potential treatment options in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Bogusław Nedoszytko
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venerology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
- Cytogeneticr Laboratory, Invicta Fertility and Reproductive Centre, 80-850 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michal A. Zmijewski
- Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Laboratory Service, VA Medical Center at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); (A.T.S.)
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7
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Mohamed AA, Elhussain E, Fawzy N, Sakr Y, Salah El-Dien M, Abbas AM, Hussein MS, Nassar N, Ezzat O, El-Amir RY, Ibrahim S, Bedair NI. Association of rs1544410 and rs7975232 Polymorphisms and Serum Vitamin D Levels with Psoriasis Susceptibility and Severity: A Case-Control Study in Egyptian Patients. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1271-1281. [PMID: 35832487 PMCID: PMC9272842 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s364267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D is a regulatory factor for skin immune functions through vitamin D receptor, which is expressed on many immune cells. Vitamin D receptor is located on chromosome 12q 13.11 and has many single nucleotide polymorphisms. Some of them were hypothesized to be associated with psoriasis. Psoriasis is a genetic disease that is greatly affected by environmental factors. Methods A total of 135 psoriasis patients and 114 healthy controls were recruited. Both had a measurement of serum vitamin D and two vitamin D receptor variants:, rs1544410: G > A (HGVS:NC_000012.12:g.47846052) and rs7975232: C > A (HGVS: NC_000012.12:g.47845054). We assessed the relationship between vitamin deficiency as well as the two gene polymorphisms with psoriasis susceptibility and severity. Results Serum vitamin D levels were not significantly different between cases and controls. However, a significant association between vitamin D levels and severity was observed. We attributed this to our finding that rs7975232 was more significantly polymorphic among cases than controls, while rs1544410 polymorphism did not show a significant difference among the 2 groups. Conclusion We did not find a significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between cases and controls. Yet, psoriasis severity was significantly associated with serum vitamin D levels. We attributed this to other findings that the vitamin D receptor rs7975232 gene is polymorphic in psoriasis patients. At the same time, rs1544410 was not significantly more polymorphic in psoriasis patients. Both genes’ polymorphisms were associated with severe psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research institute, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Elhussain
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Fawzy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Diabetics and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser Sakr
- Department of Clinical Pathology, National Institute of Diabetics and Endocrinology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah El-Dien
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Benha university, Banha, Egypt
| | | | - Maha S Hussein
- Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nourelhuda Nassar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Elsahel Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omnia Ezzat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sarah Ibrahim
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo university, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen Ibrahim Bedair
- Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Dermatology and Andrology, Armed Forces College of medicine, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Fletcher J, Bishop EL, Harrison SR, Swift A, Cooper SC, Dimeloe SK, Raza K, Hewison M. Autoimmune disease and interconnections with vitamin D. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0554. [PMID: 35196255 PMCID: PMC9010814 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D has well-documented effects on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism but recent studies suggest a much broader role for this secosteroid in human health. Key components of the vitamin D system, notably the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-activating enzyme (1α-hydroxylase), are present in a wide array of tissues, notably macrophages, dendritic cells and T lymphocytes (T cells) from the immune system. Thus, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) can be converted to hormonal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) within immune cells, and then interact with VDR and promote transcriptional and epigenomic responses in the same or neighbouring cells. These intracrine and paracrine effects of 1,25D have been shown to drive antibacterial or antiviral innate responses, as well as to attenuate inflammatory T cell adaptive immunity. Beyond these mechanistic observations, association studies have reported the correlation between low serum 25D levels and the risk and severity of human immune disorders including autoimmune diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The proposed explanation for this is that decreased availability of 25D compromises immune cell synthesis of 1,25D leading to impaired innate immunity and over-exuberant inflammatory adaptive immunity. The aim of the current review is to explore the mechanistic basis for immunomodulatory effects of 25D and 1,25D in greater detail with specific emphasis on how vitamin D-deficiency (low serum levels of 25D) may lead to dysregulation of macrophage, dendritic cell and T cell function and increase the risk of inflammatory autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Fletcher
- Nutrition Nurses, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- School of Nursing, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emma L Bishop
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stephanie R Harrison
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Amelia Swift
- School of Nursing, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sheldon C Cooper
- Gastroenterology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah K Dimeloe
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karim Raza
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to M Hewison:
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9
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Brożyna AA, Żmijewski MA, Linowiecka K, Kim TK, Slominski RM, Slominski AT. Disturbed expression of vitamin D and retinoic acid-related orphan receptors α and γ and of megalin in inflammatory skin diseases. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:781-788. [PMID: 34995387 PMCID: PMC9064941 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases is associated with the abnormal activity of keratinocytes and immune cells infiltrate. Vitamin D3 deficiency can correlate with the increased incidence, severity and duration of inflammatory skin disorders. The exact mechanism on how vitamin D3 influences inflammatory skin diseases still requires clarification. However, it can be associated with the disturbances in transmembrane glycoprotein-LRP2/megalin, which is implicated in vitamin D3 transport to the cell, and defects in vitamin D-signalling through the nuclear receptors. Therefore, by using immunohistochemistry, we analysed the expression of LRP2/megalin, VDR, RORα and RORγ in allergic contact dermatitis, lichen simplex chronicus, sarcoidosis and psoriasis in comparison with the normal skin. We observed decreased expression of LRP2/megalin in all inflammatory lesions in comparison with the normal skin. Significant differences were also noticed in VDR, RORα and RORγ levels between inflammatory lesions and normal skin. Our research indicates disturbed expression of LRP2/megalin, VDR, RORα and RORγ in inflammatory skin lesions in comparison with normal skin. Therefore, we suggest that changes in the activity of these proteins may play role in pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disorders. Furthermore, we suggest that LRP2/megalin, VDR, RORα and RORy may serve as targets in therapy of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Michał A Żmijewski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kinga Linowiecka
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Departments of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Radomir M Slominski
- Departments of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Graduate Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Departments of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Laboratory Service, VA Medical Center at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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10
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Böhm M. In search of the needle in a haystack: Finding a suitable serum biomarker for monitoring disease activity of systemic sclerosis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:880-886. [PMID: 34121239 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Böhm
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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11
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Zhang LJ. Recent progress at the psoriasis and atopic dermatitis research front: An experimental dermatology perspective. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:756-764. [PMID: 34057758 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Petit RG, Cano A, Ortiz A, Espina M, Prat J, Muñoz M, Severino P, Souto EB, García ML, Pujol M, Sánchez-López E. Psoriasis: From Pathogenesis to Pharmacological and Nano-Technological-Based Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4983. [PMID: 34067151 PMCID: PMC8125586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases, such as skin dermatitis and psoriasis, has experienced some relevant breakthroughs in recent years. The understanding of age-related factors, gender, and genetic predisposition of these multifactorial diseases has been instrumental for the development of new pharmacological and technological treatment approaches. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms behind the pathological features of psoriasis, also addressing the currently available treatments and novel therapies that are under clinical trials. Innovative therapies developed over the last 10 years have been researched. In this area, advantages of nanotechnological approaches to provide an effective drug concentration in the disease site are highlighted, together with microneedles as innovative candidates for drug delivery systems in psoriasis and other inflammatory chronic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Gironés Petit
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
| | - Amanda Cano
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network, Carlos III Health Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Ortiz
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Espina
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Prat
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Muñoz
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrícia Severino
- University of Tiradentes (Unit) Av. Murilo Dantas, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil;
- Institute of Technology and Research (ITP) Av. Murilo Dantas, Aracaju 49010-390, Brazil
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria L. García
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network, Carlos III Health Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Pujol
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (R.G.P.); (A.C.); (A.O.); (M.E.); (J.P.); (M.M.); (M.L.G.)
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network, Carlos III Health Institute, 28031 Madrid, Spain
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Easty DJ, Farr CJ, Hennessy BT. New Roles for Vitamin D Superagonists: From COVID to Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:644298. [PMID: 33868174 PMCID: PMC8045760 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.644298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a potent steroid hormone that induces widespread changes in gene expression and controls key biological pathways. Here we review pathophysiology of vitamin D with particular reference to COVID-19 and pancreatic cancer. Utility as a therapeutic agent is limited by hypercalcemic effects and attempts to circumvent this problem have used vitamin D superagonists, with increased efficacy and reduced calcemic effect. A further caveat is that vitamin D mediates multiple diverse effects. Some of these (anti-fibrosis) are likely beneficial in patients with COVID-19 and pancreatic cancer, whereas others (reduced immunity), may be beneficial through attenuation of the cytokine storm in patients with advanced COVID-19, but detrimental in pancreatic cancer. Vitamin D superagonists represent an untapped resource for development of effective therapeutic agents. However, to be successful this approach will require agonists with high cell-tissue specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Easty
- Department of Medical Oncology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - Christine J. Farr
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan T. Hennessy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Oncology, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland
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