1
|
Wang L, Zhang J, Li W, Zhang X, Yokoyama T, Sakamoto M, Wang Y. The A-kinase anchoring protein Yotiao decrease the ER calcium content by inhibiting the store operated calcium entry. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102906. [PMID: 38781694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The meticulous regulation of ER calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is indispensable for the proper functioning of numerous cellular processes. Disrupted ER Ca2+ balance is implicated in diverse diseases, underscoring the need for a systematic exploration of its regulatory factors in cells. Our recent genomic-scale screen identified a scaffolding protein A-kinase anchoring protein 9 (AKAP9) as a regulator of ER Ca2+ levels, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we reveal that Yotiao, the smallest splicing variant of AKAP9 decreased ER Ca2+ content in animal cells. Additional testing using a combination of Yotiao truncations, knock-out cells and pharmacological tools revealed that, Yotiao does not require most of its interactors, including type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R1), protein kinase A (PKA), protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), adenylyl cyclase type 2 (AC2) and so on, to reduce ER Ca2+ levels. However, adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9), which is known to increases its cAMP generation upon interaction with Yotiao for the modulation of potassium channels, plays an essential role for Yotiao's ER-Ca2+-lowering effect. Mechanistically, Yotiao may work through AC9 to act on Orai1-C terminus and suppress store operated Ca2+ entry, resulting in reduced ER Ca2+ levels. These findings not only enhance our comprehension of the interplay between Yotiao and AC9 but also contribute to a more intricate understanding of the finely tuned mechanisms governing ER Ca2+ homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanjie Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tatsushi Yokoyama
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sakamoto
- Department of Optical Neural and Molecular Physiology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stutzman MJ, Kim CSJ, Tester DJ, Hamrick SK, Dotzler SM, Giudicessi JR, Miotto MC, Gc JB, Frank J, Marks AR, Ackerman MJ. Characterization of N-terminal RYR2 variants outside CPVT1 hotspot regions using patient iPSCs reveal pathogenesis and therapeutic potential. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:2023-2036. [PMID: 35931078 PMCID: PMC9481874 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a cardiac channelopathy causing ventricular tachycardia following adrenergic stimulation. Pathogenic variants in RYR2-encoded ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) cause CPVT1 and cluster into domains I–IV, with the most N-terminal domain involving residues 77–466. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were generated for RYR2-F13L, -L14P, -R15P, and -R176Q variants. Isogenic control iPSCs were generated using CRISPR-Cas9/PiggyBac. Fluo-4 Ca2+ imaging assessed Ca2+ handling with/without isoproterenol (ISO), nadolol (Nad), and flecainide (Flec) treatment. CPVT1 iPSC-CMs displayed increased Ca2+ sparking and Ca2+ transient amplitude following ISO compared with control. Combined Nad treatment/ISO stimulation reduced Ca2+ amplitude and sparking in variant iPSC-CMs. Molecular dynamic simulations visualized the structural role of these variants. We provide the first functional evidence that these most proximal N-terminal localizing variants alter calcium handling similar to CPVT1. These variants are located at the N-terminal domain and the central domain interface and could destabilize the RYR2 channel promoting Ca2+ leak-triggered arrhythmias. Extreme N-terminal RyR2 variants alter calcium handling similar to classical CPVT1 Abnormal Ca2+ kinetics as well as uncontrolled Ca2+ release underlies CPVT1 In vitro arrhythmia studies with iPSCs show nadolol is an effective treatment In silico 3D modeling of RYR2 revealed pathogenicity of N-terminal variants
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa J Stutzman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - C S John Kim
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - David J Tester
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Samantha K Hamrick
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Steven M Dotzler
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John R Giudicessi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Marco C Miotto
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jeevan B Gc
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA
| | - Joachim Frank
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York 10032, USA
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael J Ackerman
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; Windland Smith Rice Sudden Death Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine/Division of Heart Rhythm Services; Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine/Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Regulation of calcium homeostasis and flux between the endoplasmic reticulum and the cytosol. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102061. [PMID: 35609712 PMCID: PMC9218512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The concentration of Ca2+ in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is critically important for maintaining its oxidizing environment as well as for maintaining luminal ATP levels required for chaperone activity. Therefore, local luminal Ca2+ concentrations and the dynamic Ca2+ flux between the different subcellular compartments are tightly controlled. Influx of Ca2+ into the ER is enabled by a reductive shift, which opens the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase pump, building the Ca2+ gradient across the ER membrane required for ATP import. Meanwhile, Ca2+ leakage from the ER has been reported to occur via the Sec61 translocon following protein translocation. In this review, we provide an overview of the complex regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, Ca2+ flux between subcellular compartments, and the cellular stress response (the unfolded protein response) induced upon dysregulated luminal Ca2+ metabolism. We also provide insight into the structure and gating mechanism at the Sec61 translocon and examine the role of ER-resident cochaperones in assisting the central ER-resident chaperone BiP in the control of luminal Ca2+ concentrations.
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Introduction: Many drugs are known to induce malignant syndromes. The most common malignant syndromes are induced by the use of antipsychotics and anesthetics and the withdrawal of anti-Parkinson drugs. As the clinical manifestations of antipsychotic malignant syndrome, Parkinson's disease hyperpyrexia syndrome and anesthetic-induced malignant syndrome are very similar, they are easily confused in the clinic.Areas covered: We reviewed articles published between 1960 and April 2021 describing malignant syndromes. This paper provides a detailed literature review of malignant syndromes and important guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant syndromes to clinicians.Expert opinion: Although malignant syndromes are rare conditions with a low incidence, these conditions usually progress rapidly and can endanger patients' lives, meriting attention from clinicians. The typical clinical manifestations of malignant syndromes are hyperpyrexia, muscular rigidity, an altered mental status and increased levels of creatine kinase; however, the pathophysiology, treatment and prognosis of different malignant syndromes are quite different. Prompt diagnosis and treatment may significantly improve the prognosis of patients with malignant syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Tao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiyuan Li
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bustos G, Ahumada-Castro U, Silva-Pavez E, Puebla A, Lovy A, Cesar Cardenas J. The ER-mitochondria Ca 2+ signaling in cancer progression: Fueling the monster. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 363:49-121. [PMID: 34392932 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. All major tumor suppressors and oncogenes are now recognized to have fundamental connections with metabolic pathways. A hallmark feature of cancer cells is a reprogramming of their metabolism even when nutrients are available. Increasing evidence indicates that most cancer cells rely on mitochondrial metabolism to sustain their energetic and biosynthetic demands. Mitochondria are functionally and physically coupled to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the major calcium (Ca2+) storage organelle in mammalian cells, through special domains known as mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCS). In this domain, the release of Ca2+ from the ER is mainly regulated by inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs), a family of Ca2+ release channels activated by the ligand IP3. IP3R mediated Ca2+ release is transferred to mitochondria through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU). Once in the mitochondrial matrix, Ca2+ activates several proteins that stimulate mitochondrial performance. The role of IP3R and MCU in cancer, as well as the other proteins that enable the Ca2+ communication between these two organelles is just beginning to be understood. Here, we describe the function of the main players of the ER mitochondrial Ca2+ communication and discuss how this particular signal may contribute to the rise and development of cancer traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Galdo Bustos
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulises Ahumada-Castro
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Silva-Pavez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Puebla
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alenka Lovy
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience Research, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - J Cesar Cardenas
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Center for Integrative Biology, Santiago, Chile; Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile; Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ca 2+ Signaling as the Untact Mode during Signaling in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061473. [PMID: 33806911 PMCID: PMC8004807 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Intracellular Ca2+ signaling is a critical factor in breast cancer metastasis. In the proliferation stage, increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, P2Y2 channels, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs), and IP3 receptors and a decrease in intracellular Ca2+ concentration through plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases and secretory pathway Ca2+ ATPases (SPCA) activate breast cancer cell proliferation. TRPM7, SOCC, inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), ryanodine receptor (RyR), and sarco-/endo-plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) increase the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins; meanwhile, SPCA and the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) control the activation of EMT-related proteins. Increased Ca2+ through TRPC1, TRPM7/8, P2X7, and SOCC enhances breast cancer cell migration. The stromal interaction molecule (STIM)-Orai complex, P2X7, and Ca2+ sensing receptors are involved in invadopodia. Various pharmacological agents for Ca2+ channels have been proposed against breast cancer and have provided potential strategies for treating metastatic processes. Abstract Metastatic features of breast cancer in the brain are considered a common pathology in female patients with late-stage breast cancer. Ca2+ signaling and the overexpression pattern of Ca2+ channels have been regarded as oncogenic markers of breast cancer. In other words, breast tumor development can be mediated by inhibiting Ca2+ channels. Although the therapeutic potential of inhibiting Ca2+ channels against breast cancer has been demonstrated, the relationship between breast cancer metastasis and Ca2+ channels is not yet understood. Thus, we focused on the metastatic features of breast cancer and summarized the basic mechanisms of Ca2+-related proteins and channels during the stages of metastatic breast cancer by evaluating Ca2+ signaling. In particular, we highlighted the metastasis of breast tumors to the brain. Thus, modulating Ca2+ channels with Ca2+ channel inhibitors and combined applications will advance treatment strategies for breast cancer metastasis to the brain.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cheshchevik VT, Krylova NG, Сheshchevik NG, Lapshina EA, Semenkova GN, Zavodnik IB. Role of mitochondrial calcium in hypochlorite induced oxidative damage of cells. Biochimie 2021; 184:104-115. [PMID: 33607241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypochlorite (HOCl) is one of the most important mediators of inflammatory processes. Recent evidence demonstrates that changes in intracellular calcium pool play a significant role in the damaging effects of hypochlorite and other oxidants. Mitochondria are shown to be one of the intracellular targets of hypochlorite. But little is known about the mitochondrial calcium pool changes in HOCl-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Using isolated rat liver mitochondria, we showed the oxidative damage of mitochondria (GSH oxidation and mixed protein-glutathione formation without membrane lipid peroxidation) and alterations in the mitochondrial functional parameters (decrease of respiratory activity and efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, NADH and FADH coenzyme levels, and membrane potential) under hypochlorite action (50-300 μM). Simultaneously, the mitochondrial calcium release and swelling were demonstrated. In the presence of EGTA, the damaging effects of HOCl were less pronounced, reflecting direct involvement of mitochondrial Ca2+ in mechanisms of oxidant-induced injury. Furthermore, exposure of HeLa cells to hypochlorite resulted in a considerable increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentrations and a decrease in mitochondrial ones. Applying specific inhibitors of calcium transfer systems, we demonstrated that mitochondria play a key role in the redistribution of cytoplasmic Ca2+ ions under hypochlorite action and act as mediators of calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitali T Cheshchevik
- Department of Biotechnology, Polessky State University, ulitsa Dnieprovskoy Flotilii, 23, 225710, Pinsk, Belarus.
| | - Nina G Krylova
- Department of Biophysics, Belarusian State University, Prospekt Nezavisimosti 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Nina G Сheshchevik
- Department of Biotechnology, Polessky State University, ulitsa Dnieprovskoy Flotilii, 23, 225710, Pinsk, Belarus
| | - Elena A Lapshina
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Bulvar Leninskogo Komsomola 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Galina N Semenkova
- Department of Biophysics, Belarusian State University, Prospekt Nezavisimosti 4, 220030, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ilya B Zavodnik
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Bulvar Leninskogo Komsomola 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Czeredys M. Dysregulation of Neuronal Calcium Signaling via Store-Operated Channels in Huntington's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:611735. [PMID: 33425919 PMCID: PMC7785827 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.611735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by motor, cognitive, and psychiatric problems. It is caused by a polyglutamine expansion in the huntingtin protein that leads to striatal degeneration via the transcriptional dysregulation of several genes, including genes that are involved in the calcium (Ca2+) signalosome. Recent research has shown that one of the major Ca2+ signaling pathways, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), is significantly elevated in HD. SOCE refers to Ca2+ flow into cells in response to the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores. The dysregulation of Ca2+ homeostasis is postulated to be a cause of HD progression because the SOCE pathway is indirectly and abnormally activated by mutant huntingtin (HTT) in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from the striatum in HD models before the first symptoms of the disease appear. The present review summarizes recent studies that revealed a relationship between HD pathology and elevations of SOCE in different models of HD, including YAC128 mice (a transgenic model of HD), cellular HD models, and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) that are obtained from adult HD patient fibroblasts. SOCE in MSNs was shown to be mediated by currents through at least two different channel groups, Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ current (ICRAC) and store-operated Ca2+ current (ISOC), which are composed of stromal interaction molecule (STIM) proteins and Orai or transient receptor potential channel (TRPC) channels. Their role under physiological and pathological conditions in HD are discussed. The role of Huntingtin-associated protein 1 isoform A in elevations of SOCE in HD MSNs and potential compounds that may stabilize elevations of SOCE in HD are also summarized. Evidence is presented that shows that the dysregulation of molecular components of SOCE or pathways upstream of SOCE in HD MSN neurons is a hallmark of HD, and these changes could lead to HD pathology, making them potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Czeredys
- Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hyperglycemia Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Atrial Cardiomyocytes, and Mitofusin-2 Downregulation Prevents Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Subsequent Cell Death. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6569728. [PMID: 33149811 PMCID: PMC7603626 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6569728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction play an important role of atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF) in diabetes mellitus. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been linked to both physiological and pathological states including diabetes. The aim of this project is to explore the roles of ER stress in hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death of atrial cardiomyocytes. High glucose upregulated ER stress, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM)- enriched proteins (such as glucose-regulated protein 75 (GRP75) and mitofusin-2 (Mfn2)) of primary cardiomyocytes in vitro. Sodium phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) prevented the above changes. Silencing of Mfn2 in HL-1 cells decreased the Ca2+ transfer from ER to mitochondria under ER stress conditions, which were induced by the ER stress agonist, tunicamycin (TM). Electron microscopy data suggested that Mfn2 siRNA significantly disrupted ER-mitochondria tethering in ER stress-injured HL-1 cells. Mfn2 silencing attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress and Ca2+ overload, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial oxygen consumption, and protected cells from TM-induced apoptosis. In summary, Mfn2 plays an important role in high glucose-induced ER stress in atrial cardiomyocytes, and Mfn2 silencing prevents mitochondrial Ca2+ overload-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby decreasing ER stress-mediated cardiomyocyte cell death.
Collapse
|
10
|
Bauerová-Hlinková V, Hajdúchová D, Bauer JA. Structure and Function of the Human Ryanodine Receptors and Their Association with Myopathies-Present State, Challenges, and Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184040. [PMID: 32899693 PMCID: PMC7570887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias are serious, life-threatening diseases associated with the dysregulation of Ca2+ influx into the cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes. This dysregulation often arises from dysfunction of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), the principal Ca2+ release channel. Dysfunction of RyR1, the skeletal muscle isoform, also results in less severe, but also potentially life-threatening syndromes. The RYR2 and RYR1 genes have been found to harbor three main mutation “hot spots”, where mutations change the channel structure, its interdomain interface properties, its interactions with its binding partners, or its dynamics. In all cases, the result is a defective release of Ca2+ ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the myocyte cytoplasm. Here, we provide an overview of the most frequent diseases resulting from mutations to RyR1 and RyR2, briefly review some of the recent experimental structural work on these two molecules, detail some of the computational work describing their dynamics, and summarize the known changes to the structure and function of these receptors with particular emphasis on their N-terminal, central, and channel domains.
Collapse
|
11
|
Papadimas GK, Xirou S, Kararizou E, Papadopoulos C. Update on Congenital Myopathies in Adulthood. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103694. [PMID: 32456280 PMCID: PMC7279481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) constitute a group of heterogenous rare inherited muscle diseases with different incidences. They are traditionally grouped based on characteristic histopathological findings revealed on muscle biopsy. In recent decades, the ever-increasing application of modern genetic technologies has not just improved our understanding of their pathophysiology, but also expanded their phenotypic spectrum and contributed to a more genetically based approach for their classification. Later onset forms of CMs are increasingly recognised. They are often considered milder with slower progression, variable clinical presentations and different modes of inheritance. We reviewed the key features and genetic basis of late onset CMs with a special emphasis on those forms that may first manifest in adulthood.
Collapse
|
12
|
Noble M, Lin QT, Sirko C, Houpt JA, Novello MJ, Stathopulos PB. Structural Mechanisms of Store-Operated and Mitochondrial Calcium Regulation: Initiation Points for Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3642. [PMID: 32455637 PMCID: PMC7279490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal signaling ion that is essential for the life and death processes of all eukaryotes. In humans, numerous cell stimulation pathways lead to the mobilization of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum (S/ER) stored Ca2+, resulting in the propagation of Ca2+ signals through the activation of processes, such as store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). SOCE provides a sustained Ca2+ entry into the cytosol; moreover, the uptake of SOCE-mediated Ca2+ by mitochondria can shape cytosolic Ca2+ signals, function as a feedback signal for the SOCE molecular machinery, and drive numerous mitochondrial processes, including adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and distinct cell death pathways. In recent years, tremendous progress has been made in identifying the proteins mediating these signaling pathways and elucidating molecular structures, invaluable for understanding the underlying mechanisms of function. Nevertheless, there remains a disconnect between using this accumulating protein structural knowledge and the design of new research tools and therapies. In this review, we provide an overview of the Ca2+ signaling pathways that are involved in mediating S/ER stored Ca2+ release, SOCE, and mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake, as well as pinpoint multiple levels of crosstalk between these pathways. Further, we highlight the significant protein structures elucidated in recent years controlling these Ca2+ signaling pathways. Finally, we describe a simple strategy that aimed at applying the protein structural data to initiating drug design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Noble
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.N.); (Q.-T.L.); (C.S.); (M.J.N.)
| | - Qi-Tong Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.N.); (Q.-T.L.); (C.S.); (M.J.N.)
| | - Christian Sirko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.N.); (Q.-T.L.); (C.S.); (M.J.N.)
| | - Jacob A. Houpt
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada;
| | - Matthew J. Novello
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.N.); (Q.-T.L.); (C.S.); (M.J.N.)
| | - Peter B. Stathopulos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A5C1, Canada; (M.N.); (Q.-T.L.); (C.S.); (M.J.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaul Z, Mookherjee D, Das S, Chatterjee D, Chakrabarti S, Chakrabarti O. Loss of tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) perturbs endoplasmic reticulum structure and function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118741. [PMID: 32422153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), an ESCRT-I protein, is implicated in multiple cellular processes and its functional depletion can lead to blocked lysosomal degradation, cell cycle arrest, demyelination and neurodegeneration. Here, we show that loss of TSG101 results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and this causes ER membrane remodelling (EMR). This correlates with an expansion of ER, increased vacuolation, altered relative distribution of the rough and smooth ER and disruption of three-way junctions. Blocked lysosomal degradation due to TSG101 depletion leads to ER stress and Ca2+ leakage from ER stores, causing destabilization of actin cytoskeleton. Inhibiting Ca2+ release from the ER by blocking ryanodine receptors (RYRs) with Dantrolene partially rescues the ER stress phenotypes. Hence, in this study we have identified the involvement of TSG101 in modulating ER stress mediated remodelling by engaging the actin cytoskeleton. This is significant because functional depletion of TSG101 effectuates ER-stress, perturbs the structure, mobility and function of the ER, all aspects closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases. SUMMARY STATEMENT: We show that tumor susceptibility gene (TSG) 101 regulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and its membrane remodelling. Loss of TSG101 perturbs structure, mobility and function of the ER as a consequence of actin destabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenia Kaul
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India; Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA..
| | - Debdatto Mookherjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Subhrangshu Das
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN 6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Debmita Chatterjee
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, CN 6, Sector V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang L, Lei L, Xu T, Wang Y. GSTO1 regulates insulin biosynthesis in pancreatic β cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:936-942. [PMID: 32057363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insulin biosynthesis and secretion by pancreatic β cells are critical for the maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis. Here, we show that the expression of glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO1) is upregulated in the primary islet cells of diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. Knocking out GSTO1 upregulated insulin transcripts and increased the insulin content in both INS-1 cells and primary islet cells. In contrast, overexpression of GSTO1 reduced the insulin content. Furthermore, knocking out GSTO1 increased the expression of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) at both the transcription and protein levels. These results indicate that GSTO1 may be involved in the regulation of insulin biosynthesis by modulating the transcriptional expression of PDX1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lei Lei
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tao Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - You Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee D, Hong JH. Physiological application of nanoparticles in calcium-related proteins and channels. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2479-2486. [PMID: 31456482 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been studied as therapeutic drug-delivery agents for promising clinical trial outcomes. Nanomaterial-based drugs can transfer conventional drugs to target lesions, such as tumors, with increasing efficiency by enhancing drug-cell interaction or drug absorption. Although they are favorable as efficient drug transfer systems, NPs also exhibit cytotoxicity that affects nonpathological regions. Here, we review the basic information behind NP-induced Ca2+ signaling and its participation in channel physiology and pathology. NPs are observed to demonstrate inhibitory or active effects on Ca2+ signaling. Thus, understanding Ca2+ signaling by NPs as a key mechanism in signal transduction will progress the application of nano-drugs in various diseases without deleterious effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongun Lee
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer & Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Hong
- Department of Physiology, Lee Gil Ya Cancer & Diabetes Institute, College of Medicine, Gachon University, 155 Getbeolro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Calcium as a Key Player in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Adhesion Disorder or Intracellular Alteration? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163986. [PMID: 31426283 PMCID: PMC6721231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart disease characterized by sudden death in young people and featured by fibro-adipose myocardium replacement, malignant arrhythmias, and heart failure. To date, no etiological therapies are available. Mutations in desmosomal genes cause abnormal mechanical coupling, trigger pro-apoptotic signaling pathways, and induce fibro-adipose replacement. Here, we discuss the hypothesis that the ACM causative mechanism involves a defect in the expression and/or activity of the cardiac Ca2+ handling machinery, focusing on the available data supporting this hypothesis. The Ca2+ toolkit is heavily remodeled in cardiomyocytes derived from a mouse model of ACM defective of the desmosomal protein plakophilin-2. Furthermore, ACM-related mutations were found in genes encoding for proteins involved in excitation‒contraction coupling, e.g., type 2 ryanodine receptor and phospholamban. As a consequence, the sarcoplasmic reticulum becomes more eager to release Ca2+, thereby inducing delayed afterdepolarizations and impairing cardiac contractility. These data are supported by preliminary observations from patient induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Assessing the involvement of Ca2+ signaling in the pathogenesis of ACM could be beneficial in the treatment of this life-threatening disease.
Collapse
|
17
|
Sun Z, Xu H. Ryanodine Receptors for Drugs and Insecticides: An Overview. Mini Rev Med Chem 2018; 19:22-33. [DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180330112908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are calcium channels located on the endo(sarco)plasmic reticulum
of muscle cells and neurons. They regulate the release of stored intracellular calcium and play a
critical role in muscle contraction. The N-terminal part of these receptors accounts for roughly 80%
and contains the binding sites for diverse RyRs modulators. The C-terminal domain contains the
transmembrane region. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the molecular biology of
insect RyRs, chemicals targeting mammal or insect RyRs, and the reasons for mammal RyR-related
diseases and diamides resistances. It may lay the foundation for effective management of mammal
RyR-related diseases and diamides resistances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Sun
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design & Synthesis, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
He Z, Feng G, Yang B, Yang L, Liu CW, Xu HG, Xu XL, Zheng WJ, Gao YQ. Molecular dynamics simulation, ab initio calculation, and size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy study of initial hydration processes of calcium chloride. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:222839. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5024279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhili He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijiang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Cheng-Wen Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Qin Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Han Q, Zhu H, Chen X, Liu Z. Non-genetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy. Front Med 2017; 11:319-332. [PMID: 28871454 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-017-0569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications in diabetes mellitus patients and is characterized by thickened glomerular basement membrane, increased extracellular matrix formation, and podocyte loss. These phenomena lead to proteinuria and altered glomerular filtration rate, that is, the rate initially increases but progressively decreases. DN has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Its prevalence shows a rapid growth trend and causes heavy social and economic burden in many countries. However, this disease is multifactorial, and its mechanism is poorly understood due to the complex pathogenesis of DN. In this review, we highlight the new molecular insights about the pathogenesis of DN from the aspects of immune inflammation response, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apoptosis and mitochondrial damage, epigenetics, and podocyte-endothelial communication. This work offers groundwork for understanding the initiation and progression of DN, as well as provides ideas for developing new prevention and treatment measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Han
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kania E, Roest G, Vervliet T, Parys JB, Bultynck G. IP 3 Receptor-Mediated Calcium Signaling and Its Role in Autophagy in Cancer. Front Oncol 2017; 7:140. [PMID: 28725634 PMCID: PMC5497685 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a complex role in orchestrating diverse cellular processes, including cell death and survival. To trigger signaling cascades, intracellular Ca2+ is shuffled between the cytoplasm and the major Ca2+ stores, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mitochondria, and the lysosomes. A key role in the control of Ca2+ signals is attributed to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors (IP3Rs), the main Ca2+-release channels in the ER. IP3Rs can transfer Ca2+ to the mitochondria, thereby not only stimulating core metabolic pathways but also increasing apoptosis sensitivity and inhibiting basal autophagy. On the other hand, IP3-induced Ca2+ release enhances autophagy flux by providing cytosolic Ca2+ required to execute autophagy upon various cellular stresses, including nutrient starvation, chemical mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibition, or drug treatment. Similarly, IP3Rs are able to amplify Ca2+ signals from the lysosomes and, therefore, impact autophagic flux in response to lysosomal channels activation. Furthermore, indirect modulation of Ca2+ release through IP3Rs may also be achieved by controlling the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases Ca2+ pumps of the ER. Considering the complex role of autophagy in cancer development and progression as well as in response to anticancer therapies, it becomes clear that it is important to fully understand the role of the IP3R and its cellular context in this disease. In cancer cells addicted to ER–mitochondrial Ca2+ fueling, IP3R inhibition leads to cancer cell death via mechanisms involving enhanced autophagy or mitotic catastrophe. Moreover, IP3Rs are the targets of several oncogenes and tumor suppressors and the functional loss of these genes, as occurring in many cancer types, can result in modified Ca2+ transport to the mitochondria and in modulation of the level of autophagic flux. Similarly, IP3R-mediated upregulation of autophagy can protect some cancer cells against natural killer cells-induced killing. The involvement of IP3Rs in the regulation of both autophagy and apoptosis, therefore, directly impact cancer cell biology and contribute to the molecular basis of tumor pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Kania
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gemma Roest
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vervliet
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Leuven Kankerinstituut, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zheng W, Liu Z. Investigating the inter-subunit/subdomain interactions and motions relevant to disease mutations in the N-terminal domain of ryanodine receptors by molecular dynamics simulation. Proteins 2017; 85:1633-1644. [PMID: 28508509 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The ryanodine receptors (RyR) are essential to calcium signaling in striated muscles, and numerous disease mutations have been identified in two RyR isoforms, RyR1 in skeletal muscle and RyR2 in cardiac muscle. A deep understanding of the activation/regulation mechanisms of RyRs has been hampered by the shortage of high-resolution structures and dynamic information for this giant tetrameric complex in different functional states. Toward elucidating the molecular mechanisms of disease mutations in RyRs, we performed molecular dynamics simulation of the N-terminal domain (NTD) which is not only the best-resolved structural component of RyRs, but also a hotspot of disease mutations. First, we simulated the tetrameric NTD of wild-type RyR1 and three disease mutants (K155E, R157Q, and R164Q) that perturb the inter-subunit interfaces. Our simulations identified a dynamic network of salt bridges involving charged residues at the inter-subunit/subdomain interfaces and disease-mutation sites. By perturbing this key network, the above three mutations result in greater flexibility with the highest inter-subunit opening probability for R157Q. Next, we simulated the monomeric NTD of RyR2 in the presence or absence of a central Cl- anion which is known to stabilize the interfaces between the three NTD subdomains (A, B, and C). We found that the loss of Cl- restructures the salt-bridge network near the Cl- -binding site, leading to rotations of subdomain A/B relative to subdomain C and enhanced mobility between the subdomains. This finding supports a mechanism for disease mutations in the NTD of RyR2 via perturbation of the Cl- binding. The rich structural and dynamic information gained from this study will guide future mutational and functional studies of the NTD of RyRs. Proteins 2017; 85:1633-1644. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital and Pan-Vascular Research Institute, Heart, Lung, and Blood Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis by ER Redox: A Close-Up of the ER/Mitochondria Connection. J Mol Biol 2017; 429:620-632. [PMID: 28137421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calcium signaling plays an important role in cell survival by influencing mitochondria-related processes such as energy production and apoptosis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main storage compartment for cell calcium (Ca2+; ~60-500μM), and the Ca2+ released by the ER has a prompt effect on the homeostasis of the juxtaposed mitochondria. Recent findings have highlighted a close connection between ER redox and Ca2+ signaling that is mediated by Ca2+-handling proteins. This paper describes the redox-regulated mediators and mechanisms that orchestrate Ca2+ signals from the ER to mitochondria.
Collapse
|
23
|
From Stores to Sinks: Structural Mechanisms of Cytosolic Calcium Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 981:215-251. [PMID: 29594864 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
All eukaryotic cells have adapted the use of the calcium ion (Ca2+) as a universal signaling element through the evolution of a toolkit of Ca2+ sensor, buffer and effector proteins. Among these toolkit components, integral and peripheral proteins decorate biomembranes and coordinate the movement of Ca2+ between compartments, sense these concentration changes and elicit physiological signals. These changes in compartmentalized Ca2+ levels are not mutually exclusive as signals propagate between compartments. For example, agonist induced surface receptor stimulation can lead to transient increases in cytosolic Ca2+ sourced from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores; the decrease in ER luminal Ca2+ can subsequently signal the opening surface channels which permit the movement of Ca2+ from the extracellular space to the cytosol. Remarkably, the minuscule compartments of mitochondria can function as significant cytosolic Ca2+ sinks by taking up Ca2+ in a coordinated manner. In non-excitable cells, inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) on the ER respond to surface receptor stimulation; stromal interaction molecules (STIMs) sense the ER luminal Ca2+ depletion and activate surface Orai1 channels; surface Orai1 channels selectively permit the movement of Ca2+ from the extracellular space to the cytosol; uptake of Ca2+ into the matrix through the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) further shapes the cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Recent structural elucidations of these key Ca2+ toolkit components have improved our understanding of how they function to orchestrate precise cytosolic Ca2+ levels for specific physiological responses. This chapter reviews the atomic-resolution structures of IP3R, STIM1, Orai1 and MCU elucidated by X-ray crystallography, electron microscopy and NMR and discusses the mechanisms underlying their biological functions in their respective compartments within the cell.
Collapse
|
24
|
Marchi S, Bittremieux M, Missiroli S, Morganti C, Patergnani S, Sbano L, Rimessi A, Kerkhofs M, Parys JB, Bultynck G, Giorgi C, Pinton P. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Communication Through Ca 2+ Signaling: The Importance of Mitochondria-Associated Membranes (MAMs). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 997:49-67. [PMID: 28815521 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The execution of proper Ca2+ signaling requires close apposition between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Hence, Ca2+ released from the ER is "quasi-synaptically" transferred to mitochondrial matrix, where Ca2+ stimulates mitochondrial ATP synthesis by activating the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. However, when the Ca2+ transfer is excessive and sustained, mitochondrial Ca2+ overload induces apoptosis by opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. A large number of regulatory proteins reside at mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) to maintain the optimal distance between the organelles and to coordinate the functionality of both ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters or channels. In this chapter, we discuss the different pathways involved in the regulation of ER-mitochondria Ca2+ flux and describe the activities of the various Ca2+ players based on their primary intra-organelle localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mart Bittremieux
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N-I box 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sonia Missiroli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudia Morganti
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luigi Sbano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Martijn Kerkhofs
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N-I box 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan B Parys
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N-I box 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Leuven Kanker Instituut, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O&N-I box 802, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ding Z, Peng J, Liang Y, Yang C, Jiang G, Ren J, Zou Y. Evolution of Vertebrate Ryanodine Receptors Family in Relation to Functional Divergence and Conservation. Int Heart J 2017; 58:969-977. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.16-558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Ding
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University
| | - Juan Peng
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Yanyan Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
| | - Chunjie Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
- University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
ER-luminal thiol/selenol-mediated regulation of Ca2+ signalling. Biochem Soc Trans 2016; 44:452-9. [PMID: 27068954 DOI: 10.1042/bst20150233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main cellular Ca(2+)storage unit. Among other signalling outputs, the ER can release Ca(2+)ions, which can, for instance, communicate the status of ER protein folding to the cytosol and to other organelles, in particular the mitochondria. As a consequence, ER Ca(2+)flux can alter the apposition of the ER with mitochondria, influence mitochondrial ATP production or trigger apoptosis. All aspects of ER Ca(2+)flux have emerged as processes that are intimately controlled by intracellular redox conditions. In this review, we focus on ER-luminal redox-driven regulation of Ca(2+)flux. This involves the direct reduction of disulfides within ER Ca(2+)handling proteins themselves, but also the regulated interaction of ER chaperones and oxidoreductases such as calnexin or ERp57 with them. Well-characterized examples are the activating interactions of Ero1α with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) or of selenoprotein N (SEPN1) with sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)transport ATPase 2 (SERCA2). The future discovery of novel ER-luminal modulators of Ca(2+)handling proteins is likely. Based on the currently available information, we describe how the variable ER redox conditions govern Ca(2+)flux from the ER.
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
La Rovere RML, Roest G, Bultynck G, Parys JB. Intracellular Ca(2+) signaling and Ca(2+) microdomains in the control of cell survival, apoptosis and autophagy. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:74-87. [PMID: 27157108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), mitochondria and lysosomes are physically and/or functionally linked, establishing close contact sites between these organelles. As a consequence, Ca(2+) release events from the ER, the major intracellular Ca(2+)-storage organelle, have an immediate effect on the physiological function of mitochondria and lysosomes. Also, the lysosomes can act as a Ca(2+) source for Ca(2+) release into the cytosol, thereby influencing ER-based Ca(2+) signaling. Given the important role for mitochondria and lysosomes in cell survival, cell death and cell adaptation processes, it has become increasingly clear that Ca(2+) signals from or towards these organelles impact these processes. In this review, we discuss the most recent insights in the emerging role of Ca(2+) signaling in cellular survival by controlling basal mitochondrial bioenergetics and by regulating apoptosis, a mitochondrial process, and autophagy, a lysosomal process, in response to cell damage and cell stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita M L La Rovere
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gemma Roest
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, Campus Gasthuisberg O/N-1 B-802, BE-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kiselyov K, Muallem S. ROS and intracellular ion channels. Cell Calcium 2016; 60:108-14. [PMID: 26995054 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a well-known driver of numerous pathological processes involving protein and lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. The resulting increase of pro-apoptotic pressure drives tissue damage in a host of conditions, including ischemic stroke and reperfusion injury, diabetes, death in acute pancreatitis and neurodegenerative diseases. Somewhat less frequently discussed, but arguably as important, is the signaling function of oxidative stress stemming from the ability of oxidative stress to modulate ion channel activity. The evidence for the modulation of the intracellular ion channels and transporters by oxidative stress is constantly emerging and such evidence suggests new regulatory and pathological circuits that can be explored towards new treatments for diseases in which oxidative stress is an issue. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the effects of oxidative stress on the intracellular ion channels and transporters and their role in cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kiselyov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch NIH, NIDCR, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Shmuel Muallem
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch NIH, NIDCR, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nagatomo M, Hagiwara K, Masuda K, Koshimizu M, Kawamata T, Matsui Y, Urabe D, Inoue M. Symmetry-Driven Strategy for the Assembly of the Core Tetracycle of (+)-Ryanodine: Synthetic Utility of a Cobalt-Catalyzed Olefin Oxidation and α-Alkoxy Bridgehead Radical Reaction. Chemistry 2015; 22:222-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
31
|
Masuda K, Koshimizu M, Nagatomo M, Inoue M. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-Ryanodol and (+)-Ryanodine. Chemistry 2015; 22:230-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
32
|
Zheng W. Toward decrypting the allosteric mechanism of the ryanodine receptor based on coarse-grained structural and dynamic modeling. Proteins 2015; 83:2307-18. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.24951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Zheng
- Department of Physics; State University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo New York 14260
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Selenoproteins employ selenium to supplement the chemistry available through the common 20 amino acids. These powerful enzymes are affiliated with redox biology, often in connection with the detection, management, and signaling of oxidative stress. Among them, membrane-bound selenoproteins play prominent roles in signaling pathways, Ca(2+) regulation, membrane complexes integrity, and biosynthesis of lipophilic molecules. RECENT ADVANCES The number of selenoproteins whose physiological roles, protein partners, expression, evolution, and biosynthesis are characterized is steadily increasing, thus offering a more nuanced view of this specialized family. This review focuses on human membrane selenoproteins, particularly the five least characterized ones: selenoproteins I, K, N, S, and T. CRITICAL ISSUES Membrane-bound selenoproteins are the least understood, as it is challenging to provide the membrane-like environment required for their biochemical and biophysical characterization. Hence, their studies rely mostly on biological rather than structural and biochemical assays. Another aspect that has not received much attention is the particular role that their membrane association plays in their physiological function. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Findings cited in this review show that it is possible to infer the structure and the membrane-binding mode of these lesser-studied selenoproteins and design experiments to examine the role of the rare amino acid selenocysteine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| | - Sharon Rozovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware , Newark, Delaware
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Majewski L, Kuznicki J. SOCE in neurons: Signaling or just refilling? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1853:1940-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
35
|
Gillies RL, Bjorksten AR, Du Sart D, Hockey BM. Analysis of the entire ryanodine receptor type 1 and alpha 1 subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (CACNA1S) coding regions for variants associated with malignant hyperthermia in Australian families. Anaesth Intensive Care 2015; 43:157-66. [PMID: 25735680 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1504300204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Defects in the genes coding for the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RYR1) and alpha 1 subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (CACNA1S) have been identified as causative for malignant hyperthermia (MH). Sixty-two MH susceptible individuals presenting to the same diagnostic centre had copy deoxyribonucleic acid, derived from muscle ribonucleic acid, sequenced to identify variants with the potential to be responsible for the MH phenotype in both RYR1 and CACNA1S. These genetic findings were combined with clinical episode details and in vitro contracture test results to improve our understanding of the Australian MH cohort. Twelve novel variants were identified in RYR1 and six in CACNA1S. Known RYR1 causative mutations were identified in six persons and novel variants in RYR1 and CACNA1S in a further 17 persons. Trends indicated higher mutation identification in those with more definitive clinical episodes and stronger in vitro contracture test responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Gillies
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria
| | - A R Bjorksten
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria
| | - D Du Sart
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Parkville, Victoria
| | - B M Hockey
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Plattner H. Molecular aspects of calcium signalling at the crossroads of unikont and bikont eukaryote evolution – The ciliated protozoan Paramecium in focus. Cell Calcium 2015; 57:174-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
37
|
Van Petegem F. Ryanodine Receptors: Allosteric Ion Channel Giants. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:31-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
38
|
Jin X, Shah S, Du X, Zhang H, Gamper N. Activation of Ca(2+) -activated Cl(-) channel ANO1 by localized Ca(2+) signals. J Physiol 2014; 594:19-30. [PMID: 25398532 PMCID: PMC4704509 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.275107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+‐activated chloride channels (CaCCs) regulate numerous physiological processes including epithelial transport, smooth muscle contraction and sensory processing. Anoctamin‐1 (ANO1, TMEM16A) is a principal CaCC subunit in many cell types, yet our understanding of the mechanisms of ANO1 activation and regulation are only beginning to emerge. Ca2+ sensitivity of ANO1 is rather low and at negative membrane potentials the channel requires several micromoles of intracellular Ca2+ for activation. However, global Ca2+ levels in cells rarely reach such levels and, therefore, there must be mechanisms that focus intracellular Ca2+ transients towards the ANO1 channels. Recent findings indeed indicate that ANO1 channels often co‐localize with sources of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Interestingly, it appears that in many cell types ANO1 is particularly tightly coupled to the Ca2+ release sites of the intracellular Ca2+ stores. Such preferential coupling may represent a general mechanism of ANO1 activation in native tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sihab Shah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Xiaona Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nikita Gamper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cai X, Wang X, Patel S, Clapham DE. Insights into the early evolution of animal calcium signaling machinery: a unicellular point of view. Cell Calcium 2014; 57:166-73. [PMID: 25498309 PMCID: PMC4355082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The basic principles of Ca(2+) regulation emerged early in prokaryotes. Ca(2+) signaling acquired more extensive and varied functions when life evolved into multicellular eukaryotes with intracellular organelles. Animals, fungi and plants display differences in the mechanisms that control cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations. The aim of this review is to examine recent findings from comparative genomics of Ca(2+) signaling molecules in close unicellular relatives of animals and in common unicellular ancestors of animals and fungi. Also discussed are the evolution and origins of the sperm-specific CatSper channel complex, cation/Ca(2+) exchangers and four-domain voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. Newly identified evolutionary evidence suggests that the distinct Ca(2+) signaling machineries in animals, plants and fungi likely originated from an ancient Ca(2+) signaling machinery prior to early eukaryotic radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
| | - Xiangbing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - David E Clapham
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu Y, Li C, Gao J, Wang W, Huang L, Guo X, Li B, Wang J. Comparative characterization of two intracellular Ca²⁺-release channels from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6702. [PMID: 25330781 PMCID: PMC4204029 DOI: 10.1038/srep06702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are members of a family of tetrameric intracellular Ca2+-release channels (CRCs). While it is well known in mammals that RyRs and IP3Rs modulate multiple physiological processes, the roles of these two CRCs in the development and physiology of insects remain poorly understood. In this study, we cloned and functionally characterized RyR and IP3R cDNAs (named TcRyR and TcIP3R) from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. The composite TcRyR gene contains an ORF of 15,285 bp encoding a protein of 5,094 amino acid residues. The TcIP3R contains an 8,175 bp ORF encoding a protein of 2,724 amino acids. Expression analysis of TcRyR and TcIP3R revealed significant differences in mRNA expression levels among T. castaneum during different developmental stages. When the transcript levels of TcRyR were suppressed by RNA interference (RNAi), an abnormal folding of the adult hind wings was observed, while the RNAi-mediated knockdown of TcIP3R resulted in defective larval–pupal and pupal–adult metamorphosis. These results suggested that TcRyR is required for muscle excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in T. castaneum, and that calcium release via IP3R might play an important role in regulating ecdysone synthesis and release during molting and metamorphosis in insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingkun Gao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xuezhu Guo
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wu HJ, Fong TH, Chen SL, Wei JC, Wang IJ, Wen CC, Chang CY, Chen XG, Chen WY, Chen HM, Horng JL, Wang YH, Chen YH. Perturbation of cytosolic calcium by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate and caffeine affects zebrafish myofibril alignment. J Appl Toxicol 2014; 35:287-94. [PMID: 25186829 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to investigate the effects of Ca(2+) levels on myofibril alignment during zebrafish embryogenesis. To investigate how altered cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels affect myofibril alignment, we exposed zebrafish embryos to 2-aminothoxyldiphenyl borate (2-APB; an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibitor that reduces cytosolic Ca(2+) levels) and caffeine (a ryanodine receptor activator that enhances cytosolic Ca(2+) levels). The results demonstrated that the most evident changes in zebrafish embryos treated with 2-APB were shorter body length, curved trunk and malformed somite boundary. In contrast, such malformed phenotypes were evident neither in untreated controls nor in caffeine-treated embryos. Subtle morphological changes, including changes in muscle fibers, F-actin and ultrastructures were easily observed by staining with specific monoclonal antibodies (F59 and α-laminin), fluorescent probes (phalloidin) and by transmission electron microscopy. Our data suggested that: (1) the exposure to 2-APB and/or caffeine led to myofibril misalignment; (2) 2-APB-treated embryos displayed split and short myofibril phenotypes, whereas muscle fibers from caffeine-treated embryos were twisted and wavy; and (3) zebrafish embryos co-exposed to 2-APB and caffeine resulted in normal myofibril alignment. In conclusion, we proposed that cytosolic Ca(2+) is important for myogenesis, particularly for myofibril alignment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ju Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, No. 151, Ying-chuan Road, Tamsui, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Cai X, Wang X, Clapham DE. Early evolution of the eukaryotic Ca2+ signaling machinery: conservation of the CatSper channel complex. Mol Biol Evol 2014; 31:2735-40. [PMID: 25063443 PMCID: PMC4169769 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling is one of the most extensively employed signal transduction mechanisms in life. As life evolved into increasingly complex organisms, Ca(2+) acquired more extensive and varied functions. Here, we compare genes encoding proteins that govern Ca(2+) entry and exit across cells or organelles within organisms of early eukaryotic evolution into fungi, plants, and animals. Recent phylogenomics analyses reveal a complex Ca(2+) signaling machinery in the apusozoan protist Thecamonas trahens, a putative unicellular progenitor of Opisthokonta. We compare T. trahens Ca(2+) signaling to that in a marine bikont protist, Aurantiochytrium limacinum, and demonstrate the conservation of key Ca(2+) signaling molecules in the basally diverging alga Cyanophora paradoxa. Particularly, our findings reveal the conservation of the CatSper channel complex in Au. limacinum and C. paradoxa, suggesting that the CatSper complex likely originated from an ancestral Ca(2+) signaling machinery at the root of early eukaryotic evolution prior to the unikont/bikont split.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Cai
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Xiangbing Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - David E Clapham
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Mukherjee S, Thomas NL, Williams AJ. Insights into the gating mechanism of the ryanodine-modified human cardiac Ca2+-release channel (ryanodine receptor 2). Mol Pharmacol 2014; 86:318-29. [PMID: 25002270 DOI: 10.1124/mol.114.093757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are intracellular membrane channels playing key roles in many Ca(2+) signaling pathways and, as such, are emerging novel therapeutic and insecticidal targets. RyRs are so named because they bind the plant alkaloid ryanodine with high affinity and although it is established that ryanodine produces profound changes in all aspects of function, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying altered gating is minimal. We address this issue using detailed single-channel gating analysis, mathematical modeling, and energetic evaluation of state transitions establishing that, with ryanodine bound, the RyR pore adopts an extremely stable open conformation. We demonstrate that stability of this state is influenced by interaction of divalent cations with both activating and inhibitory cytosolic sites and, in the absence of activating Ca(2+), trans-membrane voltage. Comparison of the conformational stability of ryanodine- and Imperatoxin A-modified channels identifies significant differences in the mechanisms of action of these qualitatively similar ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Mukherjee
- Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - N Lowri Thomas
- Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Williams
- Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Physiological and ultrastructural features of human induced pluripotent and embryonic stem cell-derived skeletal myocytes in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:8275-80. [PMID: 24843168 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1322258111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress has recently been made toward the production of human skeletal muscle cells from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. However, the functional and ultrastructural characterization, which is crucial for disease modeling and drug discovery, remains to be documented. We show, for the first time to our knowledge, that the electrophysiological properties of human iPS-derived skeletal myocytes are strictly similar to those of their embryonic stem (ES) cell counterparts, and both are typical of aneural mammalian skeletal muscle. In both cell types, intracellular calcium signaling that links membrane depolarization to contraction occurs in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), a unique feature of skeletal muscle. Detailed analysis of the Ca(2+) signal revealed diverse kinetics of the rising phase, and hence various rates in the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This was mirrored by ultrastructural evidence of Ca(2+) release units, which varied in location, shape, and size. Thus, the excitation-contraction coupling machinery of both iPS- and ES-derived skeletal myocytes was functional and specific, but did not reach full maturity in culture. This is in contrast with the myofibrillar network, which displayed the same organization as in adult skeletal muscle. Overall, the present study validates the human iPS-based skeletal myocyte model in comparison with the embryonic system, and provides the functional and ultrastructural basis for its application to human skeletal muscle diseases.
Collapse
|
45
|
Kohagen M, Mason PE, Jungwirth P. Accurate Description of Calcium Solvation in Concentrated Aqueous Solutions. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:7902-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5005693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kohagen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo
nam. 2, 16610 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Philip E. Mason
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo
nam. 2, 16610 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jungwirth
- Institute of Organic Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo
nam. 2, 16610 Prague
6, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|