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Celebioglu B, Hart JP, Porch T, Griffiths P, Myers JR. Genome-Wide Association Study to Identify Possible Candidate Genes of Snap Bean Leaf and Pod Color. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2234. [PMID: 38137056 PMCID: PMC10742591 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Color can be an indicator of plant health, quality, and productivity, and is useful to researchers to understand plant nutritional content in their studies. Color may be related to chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity and provides information for those studying diseases and mineral nutrition because every nutrient deficiency and many diseases produce symptoms that affect color. In order to identify significant loci related to both leaf and pod color in a snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) diversity panel, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was carried out. Leaf color in one and pod traits in multiple environments were characterized using a colorimeter. L*a*b* color data were recorded and used to calculate chroma (C*) and hue angle (H°). Leaves were evaluated at three positions (lower, middle, and upper) in the canopy and both pod exterior and interior colors were obtained. GWAS was conducted using two reference genomes that represent the Andean (G19833) and Middle American (5-593) domestication centers. Narrow sense heritabilities were calculated using the mixed linear model (MLM) method in genome association and prediction integrated tool (GAPIT), and significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each color parameter were obtained using the Bayesian-information and linkage-disequilibrium iteratively nested keyway (BLINK) GWAS model with two principal components (PCAs). In comparison to pod color traits, narrow sense heritabilities of leaf traits were low and similar for both reference genomes. Generally, narrow sense heritability for all traits was highest in the lower, followed by middle, and then upper leaf positions. Heritability for both pod interior and exterior color traits was higher using the G19833 reference genome compared to 5-593 when evaluated by year and means across years. Forty-five significant SNPs associated with leaf traits and 872 associated with pods, totaling 917 significant SNPs were identified. Only one SNP was found in common for both leaf and pod traits on Pv03 in the 5-593 reference genome. One-hundred thirteen significant SNPs, 30 in leaves and 83 in pods had phenotypic variation explained (PVE) of 10% or greater. Fourteen SNPs (four from G19833 and ten from 5-593) with ≥10 PVE%, large SNP effect, and largest p-value for L* and H° pod exterior was identified on Pv01, Pv02, Pv03, and Pv08. More SNPs were associated with pod traits than with leaf traits. The pod interior did not exhibit colors produced by anthocyanins or flavonols which allowed the differentiation of potential candidate genes associated with chloroplast and photosynthetic activity compared to the pod exterior where candidate genes related to both flavonoids and photosynthesis affected color. Several SNPs were associated with known qualitative genes including the wax pod locus (y), persistent color (pc), purple pods (V), and two genes expressed in seeds but not previously reported to affect other plant tissues (B and J). An evaluation of significant SNPs within annotated genes found a number, within a 200 kb window, involved in both flavonoid and photosynthetic biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Celebioglu
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag & Life Science Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - John P. Hart
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS), 2200 P. A. Campos Ave., Suite 201, Mayagüez, PR 00680, USA; (J.P.H.); (T.P.)
| | - Timothy Porch
- USDA-ARS, Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS), 2200 P. A. Campos Ave., Suite 201, Mayagüez, PR 00680, USA; (J.P.H.); (T.P.)
| | - Phillip Griffiths
- School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Horticulture Section, Cornell Agritech, 635 W. North St., Geneva, NY 14456, USA;
| | - James R. Myers
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Ag & Life Science Bldg., Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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Zhang Y, Fernie AR. The Role of TCA Cycle Enzymes in Plants. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200238. [PMID: 37341441 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
As one of the iconic pathways in plant metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is commonly thought to not only be responsible for the oxidization of respiratory substrate to drive ATP synthesis but also provide carbon skeletons to anabolic processes and contribute to carbon-nitrogen interaction and biotic stress responses. The functions of the TCA cycle enzymes are characterized by a saturation transgenesis approach, whereby the constituent expression of proteins is knocked out or reduced in order to investigate their function in vivo. The alteration of TCA cycle enzyme expression results in changed plant growth and photosynthesis under controlled conditions. Moreover, improvements in plant performance and postharvest properties are reported by overexpression of either endogenous forms or heterologous genes of a number of the enzymes. Given the importance of the TCA cycle in plant metabolism regulation, here, the function of each enzyme and its roles in different tissues are discussed. This article additionally highlights the recent finding that the plant TCA cycle, like that of mammals and microbes, dynamically assembles functional substrate channels or metabolons and discusses the implications of this finding to the current understanding of the metabolic regulation of the plant TCA cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjun Zhang
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant System Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
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Shi X, Cao S, Wang X, Huang S, Wang Y, Liu Z, Liu W, Leng X, Peng Y, Wang N, Wang Y, Ma Z, Xu X, Zhang F, Xue H, Zhong H, Wang Y, Zhang K, Velt A, Avia K, Holtgräwe D, Grimplet J, Matus JT, Ware D, Wu X, Wang H, Liu C, Fang Y, Rustenholz C, Cheng Z, Xiao H, Zhou Y. The complete reference genome for grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) genetics and breeding. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad061. [PMID: 37213686 PMCID: PMC10199708 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. However, the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome tipically consist of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres, limiting the accessibility of the repetitive sequences, the centromeric and telomeric regions, and the study of inheritance of important agronomic traits in these regions. Here, we assembled a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free reference genome for the cultivar PN40024 using PacBio HiFi long reads. The T2T reference genome (PN_T2T) is 69 Mb longer with 9018 more genes identified than the 12X.v0 version. We annotated 67% repetitive sequences, 19 centromeres and 36 telomeres, and incorporated gene annotations of previous versions into the PN_T2T assembly. We detected a total of 377 gene clusters, which showed associations with complex traits, such as aroma and disease resistance. Even though PN40024 derives from nine generations of selfing, we still found nine genomic hotspots of heterozygous sites associated with biological processes, such as the oxidation-reduction process and protein phosphorylation. The fully annotated complete reference genome therefore constitutes an important resource for grapevine genetic studies and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Siyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiangpeng Leng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yanling Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Zhiyao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Hui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Haixia Zhong
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Kekun Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Amandine Velt
- SVQV, INRAE - University of Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Komlan Avia
- SVQV, INRAE - University of Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Daniela Holtgräwe
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, CeBiTec & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jérôme Grimplet
- Unidad de Hortofruticultura, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Systems Biotech Program, Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, 46908, Valencia, Spain
| | - Doreen Ware
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- USDA ARS NEA Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Agricultural Research Service, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Germplasm Resources Utilization), Ministry of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Fertilizers Efficient Utilization of Deciduous Fruit Tree, Liaoning Province, Xingcheng 125100, China
| | - Chonghuai Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450004, China
| | - Yuling Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | | | | | - Hua Xiao
- Corresponding authors: E-mail: ; ; ;
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Jiang Y, Qi Y, Chen X, Yan Q, Chen J, Liu H, Shi F, Wen Y, Cai C, Ou L. Combined Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Unveil the Molecular Mechanisms of Fruit Acidity Variation in Litchi ( Litchi chinensis Sonn.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031871. [PMID: 36768192 PMCID: PMC9916176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit acidity determines the organoleptic quality and nutritive value of most fruits. In litchi, although the organic acid composition of pulps is known, the molecular mechanisms and genes underlying variation in fruit acidity remain elusive. Herein, developing pulps of two contrasting litchi varieties, Huaizhi (HZ, low-acidity) and Boye_No.8 (B8, high-acidity), were subjected to metabolomics and transcriptomics, and the dynamic metabolome and transcriptional changes were determined. Measurements revealed that the dominant acidity-related organic acid in litchi pulps is malate, followed in low levels by citrate and tartrate. Variation in litchi pulps' acidity is mainly associated with significant differences in malate and citrate metabolisms during fruit development. Malic acid content decreased by 91.43% and 72.28% during fruit ripening in HZ and B8, respectively. The content of citric acid increased significantly in B8, while in HZ it was reduced considerably. Differentially accumulated metabolites and differentially expressed genes analyses unveiled fumarate, succinate, 2-oxoglutarate, GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), phosphoenolpyruvate, and citrate metabolisms as the key driving pathways of litchi fruits' acidity variation. The drastic malate and citrate degradation in HZ was linked to higher induction of fumarate and GABA biosynthesis, respectively. Thirty candidate genes, including three key genes (LITCHI026501.m2, fumarase; LITCHI020148.m5, glutamate decarboxylase; and LITCHI003343.m3, glutamate dehydrogenase), were identified for functional studies toward genetic modulation of litchi fruit acidity. Our findings provide insights into the molecular basis of acidity variation in litchi and provide valuable resources for fruit quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Jiang
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yingwei Qi
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China
| | - Xilong Chen
- Quantitative Genetics and Evolution Laboratory, Paris-Saclay University/INRAE/CNRS/AgroParisTech/GQE–Le Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Qian Yan
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiezhen Chen
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hailun Liu
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Fachao Shi
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yingjie Wen
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Changhe Cai
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (L.O.)
| | - Liangxi Ou
- Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (C.C.); (L.O.)
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Saunders HA, Calzadilla PI, Schwartz JM, Johnson GN. Cytosolic fumarase acts as a metabolic fail-safe for both high and low temperature acclimation of Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2112-2124. [PMID: 34951633 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants acclimate their photosynthetic capacity (Pmax) in response to changing environmental conditions. In Arabidopsis thaliana, photosynthetic acclimation to cold requires the accumulation of the organic acid fumarate, catalysed by a cytosolically localized fumarase, FUM2. However, the role of this accumulation is currently unknown. Here, we use an integrated experimental and modelling approach to examine the role of FUM2 and fumarate across the physiological temperature range. We have studied three genotypes: Col-0; a fum2 mutant in a Col-0 background; and C24, an accession with reduced FUM2 expression. While low temperature causes an increase in Pmax in the Col-0 plants, this parameter decreases following exposure of plants to 30 °C for 7 d. Plants in which fumarate accumulation is partially (C24) or completely (fum2) abolished show a reduced acclimation of Pmax across the physiological temperature range (i.e. Pmax changes less in response to changing temperature). To understand the role of fumarate accumulation, we have adapted a reliability engineering technique, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), to formalize a rigorous approach for ranking metabolites according to the potential risk that they pose to the metabolic system. FMEA identifies fumarate as a low-risk metabolite, while its precursor, malate, is shown to be high risk and liable to cause system instability. We propose that the role of FUM2 is to provide a fail-safe in order to control malate concentration, maintaining system stability in a changing environment. We suggest that FMEA is a technique that is not only useful in understanding plant metabolism but can also be used to study reliability in other systems and synthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena A Saunders
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Pablo I Calzadilla
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Giles N Johnson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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da Fonseca-Pereira P, Souza PVL, Fernie AR, Timm S, Daloso DM, Araújo WL. Thioredoxin-mediated regulation of (photo)respiration and central metabolism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:5987-6002. [PMID: 33649770 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are ubiquitous proteins engaged in the redox regulation of plant metabolism. Whilst the light-dependent TRX-mediated activation of Calvin-Benson cycle enzymes is well documented, the role of extraplastidial TRXs in the control of the mitochondrial (photo)respiratory metabolism has been revealed relatively recently. Mitochondrially located TRX o1 has been identified as a regulator of alternative oxidase, enzymes of, or associated with, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and the mitochondrial dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (mtLPD) involved in photorespiration, the TCA cycle, and the degradation of branched chain amino acids. TRXs are seemingly a major point of metabolic regulation responsible for activating photosynthesis and adjusting mitochondrial photorespiratory metabolism according to the prevailing cellular redox status. Furthermore, TRX-mediated (de)activation of TCA cycle enzymes contributes to explain the non-cyclic flux mode of operation of this cycle in illuminated leaves. Here we provide an overview on the decisive role of TRXs in the coordination of mitochondrial metabolism in the light and provide in silico evidence for other redox-regulated photorespiratory enzymes. We further discuss the consequences of mtLPD regulation beyond photorespiration and provide outstanding questions that should be addressed in future studies to improve our understanding of the role of TRXs in the regulation of central metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo V L Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Stefan Timm
- University of Rostock, Plant Physiology Department, Albert- Einstein-Str. 3, Rostock, Germany
| | - Danilo M Daloso
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Wagner L Araújo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Flütsch S, Santelia D. Mesophyll-derived sugars are positive regulators of light-driven stomatal opening. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1754-1760. [PMID: 33666260 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Guard cell membrane ion transport and metabolism are deeply interconnected, and their coordinated regulation is integral to stomatal opening. Whereas ion transport is exceptionally well understood, how guard cell metabolism influences stomatal movements is less well known. Organic metabolites, such as malate and sugars, fulfill several functions in guard cells during stomatal opening as allosteric activators, counter-ions, energy source and osmolytes. However, their origin and exact fate remain debated. Recent work revealed that the guard cell carbon pool regulating stomatal function and plant growth is mostly of mesophyll origin, highlighting a tight correlation between mesophyll and guard cell metabolism. This review discusses latest research into guard cell carbon metabolism and its impact on stomatal function and whole plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Flütsch
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Diana Santelia
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zürich, 8092, Switzerland
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Garcia-Molina A, Lehmann M, Schneider K, Klingl A, Leister D. Inactivation of cytosolic FUMARASE2 enhances growth and photosynthesis under simultaneous copper and iron deprivation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:766-784. [PMID: 33583065 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are essential for plant growth and are often in short supply under natural conditions. Molecular responses to simultaneous lack of both metals (-Cu-Fe) differ from those seen in the absence of either alone. Metabolome profiling of plant leaves previously revealed that fumarate levels fall under -Cu-Fe conditions. We employed lines lacking cytosolic FUMARASE2 (FUM2) activity to study the impact of constitutive suppression of cytosolic fumarate synthesis on plant growth under Cu and/or Fe deficiency. In fum2 mutants, photosynthesis and growth were less impaired under -Cu-Fe conditions than in wild-type (WT) seedlings. In particular, levels of photosynthetic proteins, chloroplast ultrastructure, amino acid profiles and redox state were less perturbed by simultaneous Cu-Fe deficiency in lines that cannot produce fumarate in the cytosol. Although cytosolic fumarate has been reported to promote acclimation of photosynthesis to low temperatures when metal supplies are adequate, the photosynthetic efficiency of fum2 lines grown under Cu-Fe deficiency in the cold was higher than in WT. Uptake and contents of Cu and Fe are similar in WT and fum2 plants under control and -Cu-Fe conditions, and lack of FUM2 does not alter the ability to sense metal deficiency, as indicated by marker gene expression. Collectively, we propose that reduced levels of cytosolic fumarate synthesis ultimately increase the availability of Fe for incorporation into metalloproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Garcia-Molina
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Katja Schneider
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Faculty of Biology, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstr. 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, D-82152, Germany
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Jiang J, Peng L, Wang K, Huang C. Moonlighting Metabolic Enzymes in Cancer: New Perspectives on the Redox Code. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 34:979-1003. [PMID: 32631077 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Metabolic reprogramming is considered to be a critical adaptive biological event that fulfills the energy and biomass demands for cancer cells. One hallmark of metabolic reprogramming is reduced oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced aerobic glycolysis. Such metabolic abnormalities contribute to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the by-products of metabolic pathways. Emerging evidence suggests that ROS can in turn directly or indirectly affect the expression, activity, or subcellular localization of metabolic enzymes, contributing to the moonlighting functions outside of their primary roles. This review summarizes the multifunctions of metabolic enzymes and the involved redox modification patterns, which further reveal the inherent connection between metabolism and cellular redox state. Recent Advances: These noncanonical functions of metabolic enzymes involve the regulation of epigenetic modifications, gene transcription, post-translational modification, cellular antioxidant capacity, and many other fundamental cellular events. The multifunctional properties of metabolic enzymes further expand the metabolic dependencies of cancer cells, and confer cancer cells with a means of adapting to diverse environmental stimuli. Critical Issues: Deciphering the redox-manipulated mechanisms with specific emphasis on the moonlighting function of metabolic enzymes is important for clarifying the pertinence between metabolism and redox processes. Future Directions: Investigation of the redox-regulated moonlighting functions of metabolic enzymes will shed new lights into the mechanism by which metabolic enzymes gain noncanonical functions, and yield new insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment by targeting metabolic-redox abnormalities. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 34, 979-1003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Canhua Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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10
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Cardoso IA, de Souza AKL, Burgess AMG, Chalmers IW, Hoffmann KF, Nonato MC. Characterization of class II fumarase from Schistosoma mansoni provides the molecular basis for selective inhibition. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:406-421. [PMID: 33549669 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects more than 250 million people worldwide. The only drug available for its treatment undergoes first-pass hepatic metabolism and is not capable of preventing reinfection, which makes the search of new therapies urgently needed. Due to the essential role of fumarases in metabolism, these enzymes represent potential targets for developing novel schistosomiasis treatments. Here, we evaluate the expression profiles for class I and class II fumarases from Schistosoma mansoni (SmFHI and SmFHII, respectively), and report the complete characterization of SmFHII. The first SmFHII structure in complex with L-malate was determined at 1.85 Å resolution. The significant thermoshift observed for SmFHII in the presence of identified ligands makes the differential scanning fluorimetry an adequate technique for ligand screening. A complete kinetic characterization of SmFHII was performed, and comparison with the human fumarase (HsFH) revealed differences regarding the turnover number (kcat). Structural characterization allowed us to identify differences between SmFHII and HsFH that could be explored to design new selective inhibitors. This work represents the very first step towards validate the fumarases as drug targets to treat schistosomiasis. Our results provide the structural basis to rational search for selective ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Aimê Cardoso
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Kusumota Luiz de Souza
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adam Muslem George Burgess
- The Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Iain Wyllie Chalmers
- The Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Francis Hoffmann
- The Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Cristina Nonato
- Laboratório de Cristalografia de Proteínas, Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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11
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Ito S, Iwazumi K, Sukigara H, Osanai T. Fumarase From Cyanidioschyzon merolae Stably Shows High Catalytic Activity for Fumarate Hydration Under High Temperature Conditions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2190. [PMID: 33042040 PMCID: PMC7525151 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.560894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fumarases (Fums) catalyze the reversible reaction converting fumarate to l-malate. There are two kinds of Fums: Class І and ІІ. Thermostable Class ІІ Fums, from mesophilic microorganisms, are utilized for industrial l-malate production. However, the low thermostability of these Fums is a limitation in industrial l-malate production. Therefore, an alternative Class ІІ Fum that shows high activity and thermostability is required to overcome this drawback. Thermophilic microalgae and cyanobacteria can use carbon dioxide as a carbon source and are easy to cultivate. Among them, Cyanidioschyzon merolae and Thermosynechococcus elongatus are model organisms to study cell biology and structural biology, respectively. We biochemically analyzed Class ІІ Fums from C. merolae (CmFUM) and T. elongatus (TeFum). Both CmFUM and TeFum preferentially catalyzed fumarate hydration. The catalytic activity of CmFUM for fumarate hydration in the optimum conditions (52°C and pH 7.5) is higher compared to those of Class ІІ Fums from other organisms and TeFum. Thermostability tests of CmFUM revealed that CmFUM showed higher thermostability than those of Class ІІ Fums from other microorganisms. The yield of l-malate obtained from fumarate hydration catalyzed by CmFUM was 75-81%. In summary, CmFum has suitable properties for efficient l-malate production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoki Ito
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kaori Iwazumi
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Osanai
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
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12
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Liu JY, Li P, Zhang YW, Zuo JF, Li G, Han X, Dunwell JM, Zhang YM. Three-dimensional genetic networks among seed oil-related traits, metabolites and genes reveal the genetic foundations of oil synthesis in soybean. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1103-1124. [PMID: 32344462 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the biochemical and genetic basis of lipid metabolism is clear in Arabidopsis, there is limited information concerning the relevant genes in Glycine max (soybean). To address this issue, we constructed three-dimensional genetic networks using six seed oil-related traits, 52 lipid metabolism-related metabolites and 54 294 SNPs in 286 soybean accessions in total. As a result, 284 and 279 candidate genes were found to be significantly associated with seed oil-related traits and metabolites by phenotypic and metabolic genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses, respectively. Using minimax concave penalty (MCP) and smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) analyses, six seed oil-related traits were found to be significantly related to 31 metabolites. Among the above candidate genes, 36 genes were found to be associated with oil synthesis (27 genes), amino acid synthesis (four genes) and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (five genes), and four genes (GmFATB1a, GmPDAT, GmPLDα1 and GmDAGAT1) are already known to be related to oil synthesis. Using this information, 133 three-dimensional genetic networks were constructed, 24 of which are known, e.g. pyruvate-GmPDAT-GmFATA2-oil content. Using these networks, GmPDAT, GmAGT and GmACP4 reveal the genetic relationships between pyruvate and the three major nutrients, and GmPDAT, GmZF351 and GmPgs1 reveal the genetic relationships between amino acids and seed oil content. In addition, GmCds1, along with average temperature in July and the rainfall from June to September, influence seed oil content across years. This study provides a new approach for the construction of three-dimensional genetic networks and reveals new information for soybean seed oil improvement and the identification of gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pei Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zhang
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian-Fang Zuo
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guo Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Han
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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13
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Katayama N, Takeya M, Osanai T. Biochemical characterisation of fumarase C from a unicellular cyanobacterium demonstrating its substrate affinity, altered by an amino acid substitution. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10629. [PMID: 31337820 PMCID: PMC6650407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47025-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The tricarboxylic acid cycle produces NADH for oxidative phosphorylation and fumarase [EC 4.2.1.2] is a critical enzyme in this cycle, catalysing the reversible conversion of fumarate and L-malate. Fumarase is applied to industrial L-malate production as a biocatalyst. L-malate is used in a wide range of industries such as food and beverage, pharmacy chemistry. Although the biochemical properties of fumarases have been studied in many organisms, they have not been investigated in cyanobacteria. In this study, the optimum pH and temperature of Synechocystis 6803 fumarase C (SyFumC) were 7.5 and 30 °C, respectively. The Km of SyFumC for L-malate was higher than for fumarate. Furthermore, SyFumC activity was strongly inhibited by citrate and succinate, consistent with fumarases in other organisms. Substitution of alanine by glutamate at position 314 of SyFumC changed the kcat for fumarate and L-malate. In addition, the inhibitory effects of citrate and succinate on SyFumC activity were alleviated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed cyanobacterial fumarase clades divided in non-nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. SyFumC was thus biochemically characterised, including identification of an amino acid residue important for substrate affinity and enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Katayama
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takeya
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Takashi Osanai
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.
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14
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Dumont S, Rivoal J. Consequences of Oxidative Stress on Plant Glycolytic and Respiratory Metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:166. [PMID: 30833954 PMCID: PMC6387960 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are present at low and controlled levels under normal conditions. These reactive molecules can increase to high levels under various biotic and abiotic conditions, resulting in perturbation of the cellular redox state that can ultimately lead to oxidative or nitrosative stress. In this review, we analyze the various effects that result from alterations of redox homeostasis on plant glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Most documented modifications caused by ROS or RNS are due to the presence of redox-sensitive cysteine thiol groups in proteins. Redox modifications include Cys oxidation, disulfide bond formation, S-glutathionylation, S-nitrosylation, and S-sulfhydration. A growing number of proteomic surveys and biochemical studies document the occurrence of ROS- or RNS-mediated modification in enzymes of glycolysis and the TCA cycle. In a few cases, these modifications have been shown to affect enzyme activity, suggesting an operational regulatory mechanism in vivo. Further changes induced by oxidative stress conditions include the proposed redox-dependent modifications in the subcellular distribution of a putative redox sensor, NAD-glyceraldehyde-3P dehydrogenase and the micro-compartmentation of cytosolic glycolytic enzymes. Data from the literature indicate that oxidative stress may induce complex changes in metabolite pools in central carbon metabolism. This information is discussed in the context of our understanding of plant metabolic response to oxidative stress.
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15
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Eprintsev AT, Fedorin DN, Sazonova OV, Igamberdiev AU. Expression and properties of the mitochondrial and cytosolic forms of fumarase in sunflower cotyledons. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 129:305-309. [PMID: 29920456 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fumarase (EC 4.2.1.2) is encoded in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by two genes (FUM1 and FUM2) expressing correspondingly the mitochondrial and the cytosolic form. Both forms have been purified from sunflower cotyledons and characterized. Three quarters of fumarase activity is located in the mitochondrial and one quarter in the cytosolic fraction. The cytosolic form has lower pH optimum than the mitochondrial form, it possesses higher affinity to malate, activated by Mn2+ and less efficiently by Mg2+ while the mitochondrial form is activated only by Mg2+. It is proposed that the mitochondrial form is involved in the respiratory processes linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the cytosolic form participates in the utilization of succinate produced in the glyoxylate cycle providing the flux to gluconeogenesis in germinating sunflower seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Eprintsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394006, Russia
| | - Dmitry N Fedorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394006, Russia
| | - Oksana V Sazonova
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394006, Russia
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada.
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16
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Lima VF, Medeiros DB, Dos Anjos L, Gago J, Fernie AR, Daloso DM. Toward multifaceted roles of sucrose in the regulation of stomatal movement. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1494468. [PMID: 30067434 PMCID: PMC6149408 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1494468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant atmospheric CO2 fixation depends on the aperture of stomatal pores at the leaf epidermis. Stomatal aperture or closure is regulated by changes in the metabolism of the two surrounding guard cells, which respond directly to environmental and internal cues such as mesophyll-derived metabolites. Sucrose has been shown to play a dual role during stomatal movements. The sucrose produced in the mesophyll cells can be transported to the vicinity of the guard cells via the transpiration stream, inducing closure in periods of high photosynthetic rate. By contrast, sucrose breakdown within guard cells sustains glycolysis and glutamine biosynthesis during light-induced stomatal opening. Here, we provide an update regarding the role of sucrose in the regulation of stomatal movement highlighting recent findings from metabolic and systems biology studies. We further explore how sucrose-mediated mechanisms of stomatal movement regulation could be useful to understand evolution of stomatal physiology among different plant groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. F. Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil
- CONTACT Danilo M. Daloso Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil
| | - D. B. Medeiros
- Central metabolism group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - L. Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras-MG, Brasil
| | - J. Gago
- Research Group on Plant Biology under Mediterranean Conditions. Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears)/Instituto de investigaciones Agroambientales y de la Economía del Agua (INAGEA), Illes Balears, Spain
| | - A. R. Fernie
- Central metabolism group, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - D. M. Daloso
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brasil
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