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Watanabe S, Omagari A, Yamada R, Matsumoto A, Kimura Y, Makita N, Hiyama E, Okamoto Y, Okabe R, Sano T, Sato T, Suzuki M, Saito S, Anai T. Mutations in the genes responsible for the synthesis of furan fatty acids resolve the light-induced off-odor in soybean oil. Plant J 2024; 117:1239-1249. [PMID: 38016933 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Soybean oil is the second most produced edible vegetable oil and is used for many edible and industrial materials. Unfortunately, it has the disadvantage of 'reversion flavor' under photooxidative conditions, which produces an off-odor and decreases the quality of edible oil. Reversion flavor and off-odor are caused by minor fatty acids in the triacylglycerol of soybean oil known as furan fatty acids, which produce 3-methyl-2,4-nonanedione (3-MND) upon photooxidation. As a solution to this problem, a reduction in furan fatty acids leads to a decrease in 3-MND, resulting in a reduction in the off-odor induced by light exposure. However, there are no reports on the genes related to the biosynthesis of furan fatty acids in soybean oil. In this study, four mutant lines showing low or no furan fatty acid levels in soybean seeds were isolated from a soybean mutant library. Positional cloning experiments and homology search analysis identified two genes responsible for furan fatty acid biosynthesis in soybean: Glyma.20G201400 and Glyma.04G054100. Ectopic expression of both genes produced furan fatty acids in transgenic soybean hairy roots. The structure of these genes is different from that of the furan fatty acid biosynthetic genes in photosynthetic bacteria. Homologs of these two group of genes are widely conserved in the plant kingdom. The purified oil from the furan fatty acid mutant lines had lower amounts of 3-MND and reduced off-odor after light exposure, compared with oil from the wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Watanabe
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Ayako Omagari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Risa Yamada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Akane Matsumoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Yuta Kimura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1 Honjo-machi, Saga, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Naruto Makita
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Erina Hiyama
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Yuki Okamoto
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Ryo Okabe
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Takashi Sano
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Mototaka Suzuki
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Sanshiro Saito
- Research & Development Center, J-Oil Mills, Inc., 7-41 Daikoku-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0053, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Anai
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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Xue Y, Gao H, Liu X, Tang X, Cao D, Luan X, Zhao L, Qiu L. QTL Mapping of Palmitic Acid Content Using Specific-Locus Amplified Fragment Sequencing (SLAF-Seq) Genotyping in Soybeans (Glycine max L.). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911273. [PMID: 36232577 PMCID: PMC9569734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybeans are essential crops that supply protein and oil. The composition and contents of soybean fatty acids are relevant to human health and have a significant relationship with soybean oil processing and applications. Identifying quantitative trait locus (QTL) genes related to palmitic acid could facilitate the development of a range of nutritive soybean cultivars using molecular marker-assisted selection. In this study, we used a cultivar with higher palmitic acid content, ‘Dongnong42’, and a lower palmitic acid content cultivar, ‘Hobbit’, to establish F2:6 recombinant inbred lines. A high-density genetic map containing 9980 SLAF markers was constructed and distributed across 20 soybean chromosomes. The genetic map contained a total genetic distance of 2602.58 cM and an average genetic distance of 0.39 cM between adjacent markers. Two QTLs related to palmitic acid content were mapped using inclusive composite interval mapping, explaining 4.2–10.1% of the phenotypic variance in three different years and environments, including the QTL included in seed palmitic 7-3, which was validated by developing SSR markers. Based on the SNP/Indel and significant differential expression analyses of Dongnong42 and Hobbit, two genes, Glyma.15g119700 and Glyma.15g119800, were selected as candidate genes. The high-density genetic map, QTLs, and molecular markers will be helpful for the map-based cloning of palmitic acid content genes. These could be used to accelerate breeding for high nutritive value cultivars via molecular marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Xue
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huawei Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvemen, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinlei Liu
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luan
- Institute of Soybean Research, Heilongjiang Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.Q.)
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvemen, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (L.Q.)
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Shang P, Yang C, Yang M, Huang J, Ren B, Zuo Z, Zhang Q, Li W, Song B. Overexpression of Soybean GmWRI1a Stably Increases the Seed Oil Content in Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5084. [PMID: 35563472 PMCID: PMC9102168 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
WRINKLED1 (WRI1), an APETALA2/ethylene-responsive-element-binding protein (AP2/EREBP) subfamily transcription factor, plays a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of plant fatty acid biosynthesis. In this study, GmWRI1a was overexpressed in the soybean cultivar 'Dongnong 50' using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation to generate three transgenic lines with high seed oil contents. PCR and Southern blotting analysis showed that the T-DNA was inserted into the genome at precise insertion sites and was stably inherited by the progeny. Expression analysis using qRT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that GmWRI1a and bar driven by the CaMV 35S promoter were significantly upregulated in the transgenic plants at different developmental stages. Transcriptome sequencing results showed there were obvious differences in gene expression between transgenic line and transgenic receptor during seed developmental stages. KEGG analysis found that the differentially expressed genes mainly annotated to metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrated metabolism and lipid metabolism. A 2-year single-location field trial revealed that three transgenic lines overexpressing GmWRI1a (GmWRI1a-OE) showed a stable increase in seed oil content of 4.97-10.35%. Importantly, no significant effect on protein content and yield was observed. Overexpression of GmWRI1a changed the fatty acid composition by increasing the linoleic acid (C18:2) content and decreasing the palmitic acid (C16:0) content in the seed. The three GmWRI1a-OE lines showed no significant changes in agronomic traits. The results demonstrated that the three GmWRI1a overexpression lines exhibited consistent increases in seed oil content compared with that of the wild type and did not significantly affect the seed yield and agronomic traits. The genetic engineering of GmWRI1a will be an effective strategy for the improvement of seed oil content and value in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding (Genetics) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.W.); (Y.W.); (P.S.); (C.Y.); (M.Y.); (J.H.); (B.R.); (Z.Z.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of Ministry of Education China, Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding (Genetics) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Z.W.); (Y.W.); (P.S.); (C.Y.); (M.Y.); (J.H.); (B.R.); (Z.Z.); (Q.Z.)
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Turquetti-Moraes DK, Moharana KC, Almeida-Silva F, Pedrosa-Silva F, Venancio TM. Integrating omics approaches to discover and prioritize candidate genes involved in oil biosynthesis in soybean. Gene 2022; 808:145976. [PMID: 34592351 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Soybean is a major source of edible protein and oil. Oil content is a quantitative trait that is significantly determined by genetic and environmental factors. Over the past 30 years, a large volume of soybean genetic, genomic, and transcriptomic data have been accumulated. Nevertheless, integrative analyses of such data remain scarce, in spite of their importance for crop improvement. We hypothesized that the co-occurrence of genomic regions for oil-related traits in different studies may reveal more stable regions encompassing important genetic determinants of oil content and quality in soybean. We integrated publicly available data, obtained with distinct techniques, to discover and prioritize candidate genes involved in oil biosynthesis and regulation in soybean. We detected key fatty acid biosynthesis genes (e.g., BCCP2 and ACCase, FADs, KAS family proteins) and several transcription factors, which are likely regulators of oil biosynthesis. In addition, we identified new candidates for seed oil accumulation and quality, such as Glyma.03G213300 and Glyma.19G160700, which encode a translocator protein homolog and a histone acetyltransferase, respectively. Further, oil and protein genomic hotspots are strongly associated with breeding and not with domestication, suggesting that soybean domestication prioritized other traits. The genes identified here are promising targets for breeding programs and for the development of soybean lines with increased oil content and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayana K Turquetti-Moraes
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kanhu C Moharana
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Almeida-Silva
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Francisnei Pedrosa-Silva
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Venancio
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil.
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Xu Y, Yan F, Liu Y, Wang Y, Gao H, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Li J. Quantitative proteomic and lipidomics analyses of high oil content GmDGAT1-2 transgenic soybean illustrate the regulatory mechanism of lipoxygenase and oleosin. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:2303-2323. [PMID: 34427748 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Proteomic and lipidomics analyses of WT and GmDGAT1-2 transgenic soybeans showed that GmDGAT1-2 over-expression induced lipoxygenase down-regulatation and oleoin up-regulatation, which significantly changed the compositions and total fatty acid. The main goal of soybean breeding is to increase the oil content. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is a key rate-limiting enzyme in fatty acid metabolism and may regulate oil content. Herein, 10 GmDGAT genes were isolated from soybean and transferred into wild-type (WT) Arabidopsis. The total fatty acid was 1.2 times higher in T3 GmDGAT1-2 transgenic Arabidopsis seeds than in WT. Therefore, GmDGAT1-2 was transferred into WT soybean (JACK), and four T3 transgenic soybean lines were obtained. The results of high-performance gas chromatography and Soxhlet extractor showed that, compared with those of JACK, oleic acid (18:1), and total fatty acid levels in transgenic soybean plants were much higher, but linoleic acid (18:2) was lower than WT. Palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), and linolenic acid (18:3) were not significantly different. For mechanistic studies, 436 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 180 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified between WT (JACK) and transgenic soybean pods using proteomic and lipidomics analyses. Four lipoxygenase proteins were down-regulated in linoleic acid metabolism while four oleosin proteins were up-regulated in the final oil formation. The results showed an increase in the total fatty acid and 18:1 composition, and a decrease in the 18:2 composition of fatty acid. Our study brings new insights into soybean genetic transformation and the deep study of molecular mechanism that changes the total fatty acid, 18:1, and 18:2 compositions in GmDGAT1-2 transgenic soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Fan Yan
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Han Gao
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Shihui Zhao
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Youcheng Zhu
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
| | - Jingwen Li
- Jilin Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Engineering, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
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Ma B, Liu Z, Yan W, Wang L, He H, Zhang A, Li Z, Zhao Q, Liu M, Guan S, Liu S, Qu J, Yao D, Zhang J. Circular RNAs acting as ceRNAs mediated by miRNAs may be involved in the synthesis of soybean fatty acids. Funct Integr Genomics 2021; 21:435-450. [PMID: 34148135 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-021-00791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Soybean oil is composed of fatty acids and glycerol. The content and composition of fatty acids partly determine the quality of soybean seeds. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs that competitively bind to microRNAs (miRNAs) through miRNA recognition elements, thereby acting as sponges to regulate the expression of target genes. Although circRNAs have been identified previously in soybean, only their expression has been investigated without exploration of the competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network of circRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs. In this study, circRNAs in immature pods of a low linolenic acid soybean Mutant 72' (MT72) and the wild-type control 'Jinong 18' (JN18) were systematically identified and analyzed at 30 and 40 days after flowering using high-throughput sequencing technology. We identified 6377 circRNAs, of which 114 were differentially expressed. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analyses of targeted mRNAs in the ceRNAs network indicated that the differentially expressed circRNAs may be involved in fatty acid transport, suggesting that circRNAs may play a post-transcriptional regulatory role in soybean oil synthesis. This study provides a foundation for future exploration of the function of circRNAs in soybean and presents novel insights to guide further studies of plant circRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhanzhu Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Haobo He
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Aijing Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zeyuan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Qiuzhu Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Mingming Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Shuyan Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Siyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jing Qu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Dan Yao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Ma J, Sun S, Whelan J, Shou H. CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of GmFATB1 Significantly Reduced the Amount of Saturated Fatty Acids in Soybean Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3877. [PMID: 33918544 PMCID: PMC8069101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) oil is one of the most widely used vegetable oils across the world. Breeding of soybean to reduce the saturated fatty acid (FA) content, which is linked to cardiovascular disease, would be of great significance for nutritional improvement. Acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (FATs) can release free FAs and acyl-ACP, which ultimately affects the FA profile. In this study, we identified a pair of soybean FATB coding genes, GmFATB1a and GmFATB1b. Mutants that knock out either or both of the GmFATB1 genes were obtained via CRISPR/Cas9. Single mutants, fatb1a and fatb1b, showed a decrease in leaf palmitic and stearic acid contents, ranging from 11% to 21%. The double mutant, fatb1a:1b, had a 42% and 35% decrease in palmitic and stearic acid content, displayed growth defects, and were male sterility. Analysis of the seed oil profile revealed that fatb1a and fatb1b had significant lower palmitic and stearic acid contents, 39-53% and 17-37%, respectively, while that of the unsaturated FAs were the same. The relative content of the beneficial FA, linoleic acid, was increased by 1.3-3.6%. The oil profile changes in these mutants were confirmed for four generations. Overall, our data illustrate that GmFATB1 knockout mutants have great potential in improving the soybean oil quality for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.M.); (S.S.); (J.W.)
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.M.); (S.S.); (J.W.)
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - James Whelan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.M.); (S.S.); (J.W.)
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Life Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Huixia Shou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (J.M.); (S.S.); (J.W.)
- The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
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8
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Segura Munoz RR, Quach T, Gomes-Neto JC, Xian Y, Pena PA, Weier S, Pellizzon MA, Kittana H, Cody LA, Geis AL, Heck K, Schmaltz RJ, Bindels LB, Cahoon EB, Benson AK, Clemente TE, Ramer-Tait AE. Stearidonic-Enriched Soybean Oil Modulates Obesity, Glucose Metabolism, and Fatty Acid Profiles Independently of Akkermansia muciniphila. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000162. [PMID: 32656952 PMCID: PMC8606245 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Previous studies have suggested that diets rich in omega-3 and low in omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can limit the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Transgenic soybeans yielding oils enriched for omega-3 PUFAs represent a new and readily-available option for incorporating omega-3 PUFAs into diets to provide health benefits. METHODS AND RESULTS Transgenic soybean oils, enriched for either stearidonic acid (SDA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are incorporated into diets to test their effects on limiting the development of MetS in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Supplementation with SDA- but not EPA-enriched oils improved features of MetS compared to feeding a control wild-type oil. Because previous studies have linked the gut microorganism Akkermansia muciniphila to the metabolic effects of feeding omega-3 PUFAs, the causal contribution of A. muciniphila to mediating the metabolic benefits provided by SDA-enriched diets is investigated. Although A. muciniphila is not required for SDA-induced metabolic improvements, this microorganism does modulate levels of saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids in host adipose tissues. CONCLUSION Together, these findings support the utilization of SDA-enriched diets to modulate weight gain, glucose metabolism, and fatty acid profiles of liver and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael R Segura Munoz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Truyen Quach
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - João C Gomes-Neto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Yibo Xian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Pamela A Pena
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Steven Weier
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | | | - Hatem Kittana
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Liz A Cody
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Abby L Geis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, 72916, USA
| | - Kari Heck
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Robert J Schmaltz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Laure B Bindels
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Edgar B Cahoon
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Andrew K Benson
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Tom Elmo Clemente
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Amanda E Ramer-Tait
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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9
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Liu X, Qin D, Piersanti A, Zhang Q, Miceli C, Wang P. Genome-wide association study identifies candidate genes related to oleic acid content in soybean seeds. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:399. [PMID: 32859172 PMCID: PMC7456086 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean oil is a complex mixture of five fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic). Soybean oil with a high oleic acid content is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the oxidative stability of the oil. To investigate the genetic architecture of oleic acid in soybean seeds, 260 soybean germplasms from Northeast China were collected as natural populations. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on a panel of 260 germplasm resources. RESULTS Phenotypic identification results showed that the oleic acid content varied from 8.2 to 35.0%. A total of 2,311,337 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were obtained. GWAS analysis showed that there were many genes related to oleic acid content with a contribution rate of 7%. The candidate genes Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 and Glyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 were detected in a 2-year-long GWAS. The candidate gene Glyma.11G229600.1 showed a positive correlation with the oleic acid content, and the correlation coefficient was 0.980, while Glyma.04G102900.1 showed a negative correlation, with a coefficient of - 0.964. CONCLUSIONS Glyma.04G102900.1 on chromosome 4 and Glyma.11G229600.1 on chromosome 11 were detected in both analyses (2018 and 2019). Glyma.04G102900.1 and Glyma.11G229600.1 are new key candidate genes related to oleic acid in soybean seeds. These results will be useful for high-oleic soybean breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Research Center of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, PR China
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Di Qin
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China.
| | - Angela Piersanti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Qi Zhang
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China
| | - Cristina Miceli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Piwu Wang
- Biotechnology Center of Jilin Agricultural University, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, PR China.
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10
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Liu JY, Li P, Zhang YW, Zuo JF, Li G, Han X, Dunwell JM, Zhang YM. Three-dimensional genetic networks among seed oil-related traits, metabolites and genes reveal the genetic foundations of oil synthesis in soybean. Plant J 2020; 103:1103-1124. [PMID: 32344462 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the biochemical and genetic basis of lipid metabolism is clear in Arabidopsis, there is limited information concerning the relevant genes in Glycine max (soybean). To address this issue, we constructed three-dimensional genetic networks using six seed oil-related traits, 52 lipid metabolism-related metabolites and 54 294 SNPs in 286 soybean accessions in total. As a result, 284 and 279 candidate genes were found to be significantly associated with seed oil-related traits and metabolites by phenotypic and metabolic genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses, respectively. Using minimax concave penalty (MCP) and smoothly clipped absolute deviation (SCAD) analyses, six seed oil-related traits were found to be significantly related to 31 metabolites. Among the above candidate genes, 36 genes were found to be associated with oil synthesis (27 genes), amino acid synthesis (four genes) and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (five genes), and four genes (GmFATB1a, GmPDAT, GmPLDα1 and GmDAGAT1) are already known to be related to oil synthesis. Using this information, 133 three-dimensional genetic networks were constructed, 24 of which are known, e.g. pyruvate-GmPDAT-GmFATA2-oil content. Using these networks, GmPDAT, GmAGT and GmACP4 reveal the genetic relationships between pyruvate and the three major nutrients, and GmPDAT, GmZF351 and GmPgs1 reveal the genetic relationships between amino acids and seed oil content. In addition, GmCds1, along with average temperature in July and the rainfall from June to September, influence seed oil content across years. This study provides a new approach for the construction of three-dimensional genetic networks and reveals new information for soybean seed oil improvement and the identification of gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pei Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ya-Wen Zhang
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jian-Fang Zuo
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guo Li
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu Han
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jim M Dunwell
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK
| | - Yuan-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Crop Information Center, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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11
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Yao Y, You Q, Duan G, Ren J, Chu S, Zhao J, Li X, Zhou X, Jiao Y. Quantitative trait loci analysis of seed oil content and composition of wild and cultivated soybean. BMC Plant Biol 2020; 20:51. [PMID: 32005156 PMCID: PMC6995124 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean oil is a major source of edible oil, and the domestication of wild soybean has resulted in significant changes in oil content and composition. Extensive efforts have been made to identify genetic loci that are related to soybean oil traits. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related to soybean seed oil and compare the fatty acid composition between wild and cultivated soybean. RESULTS Using the specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) method, a total of 181 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between wild soybean ZYD00463 (Glycine soja) and cultivated soybean WDD01514 (Glycine max) were genotyped. Finally, a high-density genetic linkage map comprising 11,398 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers on 20 linkage groups (LGs) was constructed. Twenty-four stable QTLs for seed oil content and composition were identified by model-based composite interval mapping (CIM) across multiple environments. Among these QTLs, 23 overlapped with or were adjacent to previously reported QTLs. One QTL, qPA10_1 (5.94-9.98 Mb) on Chr. Ten is a novel locus for palmitic acid. In the intervals of stable QTLs, some interesting genes involved in lipid metabolism were detected. CONCLUSIONS We developed 181 RILs from a cross between wild soybean ZYD00463 and cultivated soybean WDD01514 and constructed a high-density genetic map using the SLAF-seq method. We identified 24 stable QTLs for seed oil content and compositions, which includes qPA10_1 on Chr. 10, a novel locus for palmitic acid. Some interesting genes in the QTL regions were also detected. Our study will provide useful information for scientists to learn about genetic variations in lipid metabolism between wild and cultivated soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Yao
- Key laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qingbo You
- Key laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Guozhan Duan
- Soybean Research Laboratory, Xuchang Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuchang, 461000, China
| | - Jianjun Ren
- Soybean Research Laboratory, Xuchang Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuchang, 461000, China
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops /College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Junqing Zhao
- Soybean Research Laboratory, Xuchang Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuchang, 461000, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Xinan Zhou
- Key laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
| | - Yongqing Jiao
- Key laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops /College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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12
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Konda AR, Nazarenus TJ, Nguyen H, Yang J, Gelli M, Swenson S, Shipp JM, Schmidt MA, Cahoon RE, Ciftci ON, Zhang C, Clemente TE, Cahoon EB. Metabolic engineering of soybean seeds for enhanced vitamin E tocochromanol content and effects on oil antioxidant properties in polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich germplasm. Metab Eng 2020; 57:63-73. [PMID: 31654815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Soybean seeds produce oil enriched in oxidatively unstable polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and are also a potential biotechnological platform for synthesis of oils with nutritional omega-3 PUFAs. In this study, we engineered soybeans for seed-specific expression of a barley homogentisate geranylgeranyl transferase (HGGT) transgene alone and with a soybean γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) transgene. Seeds for HGGT-expressing lines had 8- to 10-fold increases in total vitamin E tocochromanols, principally as tocotrienols, with little effect on seed oil or protein concentrations. Tocochromanols were primarily in δ- and γ-forms, which were shifted largely to α- and β-tocochromanols with γ-TMT co-expression. We tested whether oxidative stability of conventional or PUFA-enhanced soybean oil could be improved by metabolic engineering for increased vitamin E antioxidants. Selected lines were crossed with a stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4Δ6,9,12,15)-producing line, resulting in progeny with oil enriched in SDA and α- or γ-linoleic acid (ALA, 18:3Δ9,12,15 or GLA, 18:3Δ6,9,12), from transgene segregation. Oil extracted from HGGT-expressing lines had ≥6-fold increase in free radical scavenging activity compared to controls. However, the oxidative stability index of oil from vitamin E-enhanced lines was ~15% lower than that of oil from non-engineered seeds and nearly the same or modestly increased in oil from the GLA, ALA and SDA backgrounds relative to controls. These findings show that soybean is an effective platform for producing high levels of free-radical scavenging vitamin E antioxidants, but this trait may have negative effects on oxidative stability of conventional oil or only modest improvement of the oxidative stability of PUFA-enhanced oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anji Reddy Konda
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Tara J Nazarenus
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Hanh Nguyen
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Junsi Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Malleswari Gelli
- Systems and Innovations for Breeding and Seed Products, Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Samantha Swenson
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Jamie M Shipp
- USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, Missouri, 63132, USA
| | - Monica A Schmidt
- USDA-ARS Plant Genetics Research Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, Missouri, 63132, USA
| | - Rebecca E Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Ozan N Ciftci
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tom Elmo Clemente
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Edgar B Cahoon
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
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13
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Li D, Zhao X, Han Y, Li W, Xie F. Genome-wide association mapping for seed protein and oil contents using a large panel of soybean accessions. Genomics 2019; 111:90-95. [PMID: 29325965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Soybean is globally cultivated primarily for its protein and oil. The protein and oil contents of the seeds are quantitatively inherited traits determined by the interaction of numerous genes. In order to gain a better understanding of the molecular foundation of soybean protein and oil content for the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of high quality traits, a population of 185 soybean germplasms was evaluated to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with the seed protein and oil contents. Using specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technology, a total of 12,072 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with a minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥ 0.05 were detected across the 20 chromosomes (Chr), with a marker density of 78.7 kbp. A total of 31 SNPs located on 12 of the 20 soybean chromosomes were correlated with seed protein and oil content. Of the 31 SNPs that were associated with the two target traits, 31 beneficial alleles were identified. Two SNP markers, namely rs15774585 and rs15783346 on Chr 07, were determined to be related to seed oil content both in 2015 and 2016. Three SNP markers, rs53140888 on Chr 01, rs19485676 on Chr 13, and rs24787338 on Chr 20 were correlated with seed protein content both in 2015 and 2016. These beneficial alleles may potentially contribute towards the MAS of favorable soybean protein and oil characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Li
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Northeast Agricultural University, Northeastern Key Lab Soybean Biol & Genet & Breed, Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Key Lab Soybean Biology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingpeng Han
- Northeast Agricultural University, Northeastern Key Lab Soybean Biol & Genet & Breed, Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Key Lab Soybean Biology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Northeast Agricultural University, Northeastern Key Lab Soybean Biol & Genet & Breed, Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Key Lab Soybean Biology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Futi Xie
- Shenyang Agricultural University, Soybean Research Institute, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
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14
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Qi Z, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Yu J, Qin H, Mao X, Jiang H, Xin D, Yin Z, Zhu R, Liu C, Yu W, Hu Z, Wu X, Liu J, Chen Q. Meta-analysis and transcriptome profiling reveal hub genes for soybean seed storage composition during seed development. Plant Cell Environ 2018; 41:2109-2127. [PMID: 29486529 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is an important crop providing edible oil and protein source. Soybean oil and protein contents are quantitatively inherited and significantly affected by environmental factors. In this study, meta-analysis was conducted based on soybean physical maps to integrate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from multiple experiments in different environments. Meta-QTLs for seed oil, fatty acid composition, and protein were identified. Of them, 11 meta-QTLs were located on hot regions for both seed oil and protein. Next, we selected 4 chromosome segment substitution lines with different seed oil and protein contents to characterize their 3 years of phenotype selection in the field. Using strand-specific RNA-sequencing analysis, we profile the time-course transcriptome patterns of soybean seeds at early maturity, middle maturity, and dry seed stages. Pairwise comparison and K-means clustering analysis revealed 7,482 differentially expressed genes and 45 expression patterns clusters. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis uncovered 46 modules of gene expression patterns. The 2 most significant coexpression networks were visualized, and 7 hub genes were identified that were involved in soybean oil and seed storage protein accumulation processes. Our results provided a transcriptome dataset for soybean seed development, and the candidate hub genes represent a foundation for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoming Qi
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanguo Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Yu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Qin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinrui Mao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawei Xin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengong Yin
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongsheng Zhu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenbang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
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15
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Yang J, Xing G, Niu L, He H, Guo D, Du Q, Qian X, Yao Y, Li H, Zhong X, Yang X. Improved oil quality in transgenic soybean seeds by RNAi-mediated knockdown of GmFAD2-1B. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:155-166. [PMID: 29476327 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Soybean oil contains approximately 20% oleic acid and 63% polyunsaturated fatty acids, which limits its uses in food products and industrial applications because of its poor oxidative stability. Increasing the oleic acid content in soybean seeds provides improved oxidative stability and is also beneficial to human health. Endoplasmic reticulum-associated delta-12 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is the key enzyme responsible for converting oleic acid (18:1) precursors to linoleic acid (18:2) in the lipid biosynthetic pathway. In this study, a 390-bp conserved sequence of GmFAD2-1B was used to trigger a fragment of RNAi-mediated gene knockdown, and a seed-specific promoter of the β-conglycinin alpha subunit gene was employed to downregulate the expression of this gene in soybean seeds to increase the oleic acid content. PCR and Southern blot analysis showed that the T-DNA had inserted into the soybean genome and was stably inherited by the progeny. In addition, the expression analysis indicated that GmFAD2-1B was significantly downregulated in the seeds by RNAi-mediated post-transcription gene knockdown driven by the seed-specific promoter. The oleic acid content significantly increased from 20 to ~ 80% in the transgenic seeds, and the linoleic and linolenic acid content decreased concomitantly in the transgenic lines compared with that in the wild types. The fatty acid profiles also exhibited steady changes in three consecutive generations. However, the total protein and oil contents and agronomic traits of the transgenic lines did not show a significant difference compared with the wild types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Guojie Xing
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Lu Niu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongli He
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Dongquan Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qian Du
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xueyan Qian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China.
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16
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Heim CB, Gillman JD. Genotyping-by-Sequencing-Based Investigation of the Genetic Architecture Responsible for a ∼Sevenfold Increase in Soybean Seed Stearic Acid. G3 (Bethesda) 2017; 7:299-308. [PMID: 27866151 PMCID: PMC5217118 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.035741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Soybean oil is highly unsaturated but oxidatively unstable, rendering it nonideal for food applications. Until recently, the majority of soybean oil underwent partial chemical hydrogenation, which produces trans fats as an unavoidable consequence. Dietary intake of trans fats and most saturated fats are conclusively linked to negative impacts on cholesterol levels and cardiovascular health. Two major soybean oil breeding targets are: (1) to reduce or eliminate the need for chemical hydrogenation, and (2) to replace the functional properties of partially hydrogenated soybean oil. One potential solution is the elevation of seed stearic acid, a saturated fat which has no negative impacts on cardiovascular health, from 3 to 4% in typical cultivars to > 20% of the seed oil. We performed QTL analysis of a population developed by crossing two mutant lines, one with a missense mutation affecting a stearoyl-acyl-carrier protein desaturase gene resulting in ∼11% seed stearic acid crossed to another mutant, A6, which has 24-28% seed stearic acid. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-based QTL mapping identified 21 minor and major effect QTL for six seed oil related traits and plant height. The inheritance of a large genomic deletion affecting chromosome 14 is the basis for largest effect QTL, resulting in ∼18% seed stearic acid. This deletion contains SACPD-C and another gene(s); loss of both genes boosts seed stearic acid levels to ≥ 18%. Unfortunately, this genomic deletion has been shown in previous studies to be inextricably correlated with reduced seed yield. Our results will help inform and guide ongoing breeding efforts to improve soybean oil oxidative stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal B Heim
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Jason D Gillman
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
- USDA-ARS, Columbia, Missouri, 65211
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17
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Demorest ZL, Coffman A, Baltes NJ, Stoddard TJ, Clasen BM, Luo S, Retterath A, Yabandith A, Gamo ME, Bissen J, Mathis L, Voytas DF, Zhang F. Direct stacking of sequence-specific nuclease-induced mutations to produce high oleic and low linolenic soybean oil. BMC Plant Biol 2016; 16:225. [PMID: 27733139 PMCID: PMC5062912 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0906-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to modulate levels of individual fatty acids within soybean oil has potential to increase shelf-life and frying stability and to improve nutritional characteristics. Commodity soybean oil contains high levels of polyunsaturated linoleic and linolenic acid, which contribute to oxidative instability - a problem that has been addressed through partial hydrogenation. However, partial hydrogenation increases levels of trans-fatty acids, which have been associated with cardiovascular disease. Previously, we generated soybean lines with knockout mutations within fatty acid desaturase 2-1A (FAD2-1A) and FAD2-1B genes, resulting in oil with increased levels of monounsaturated oleic acid (18:1) and decreased levels of linoleic (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3). Here, we stack mutations within FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B with mutations in fatty acid desaturase 3A (FAD3A) to further decrease levels of linolenic acid. Mutations were introduced into FAD3A by directly delivering TALENs into fad2-1a fad2-1b soybean plants. RESULTS Oil from fad2-1a fad2-1b fad3a plants had significantly lower levels of linolenic acid (2.5 %), as compared to fad2-1a fad2-1b plants (4.7 %). Furthermore, oil had significantly lower levels of linoleic acid (2.7 % compared to 5.1 %) and significantly higher levels of oleic acid (82.2 % compared to 77.5 %). Transgene-free fad2-1a fad2-1b fad3a soybean lines were identified. CONCLUSIONS The methods presented here provide an efficient means for using sequence-specific nucleases to stack quality traits in soybean. The resulting product comprised oleic acid levels above 80 % and linoleic and linolenic acid levels below 3 %.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Coffman
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Nicholas J. Baltes
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Thomas J. Stoddard
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Benjamin M. Clasen
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Song Luo
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Adam Retterath
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Ann Yabandith
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Maria Elena Gamo
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Jeff Bissen
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Luc Mathis
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Daniel F. Voytas
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Calyxt, Inc., 600 County Road D West Suite 8, New Brighton, MN 55112 USA
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18
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Valliyodan B, Dan Qiu, Patil G, Zeng P, Huang J, Dai L, Chen C, Li Y, Joshi T, Song L, Vuong TD, Musket TA, Xu D, Shannon JG, Shifeng C, Liu X, Nguyen HT. Landscape of genomic diversity and trait discovery in soybean. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23598. [PMID: 27029319 PMCID: PMC4814817 DOI: 10.1038/srep23598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a primary source of vegetable oil and protein. We report a landscape analysis of genome-wide genetic variation and an association study of major domestication and agronomic traits in soybean. A total of 106 soybean genomes representing wild, landraces, and elite lines were re-sequenced at an average of 17x depth with a 97.5% coverage. Over 10 million high-quality SNPs were discovered, and 35.34% of these have not been previously reported. Additionally, 159 putative domestication sweeps were identified, which includes 54.34 Mbp (4.9%) and 4,414 genes; 146 regions were involved in artificial selection during domestication. A genome-wide association study of major traits including oil and protein content, salinity, and domestication traits resulted in the discovery of novel alleles. Genomic information from this study provides a valuable resource for understanding soybean genome structure and evolution, and can also facilitate trait dissection leading to sequencing-based molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babu Valliyodan
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Dan Qiu
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Gunvant Patil
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Peng Zeng
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Jiaying Huang
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Lu Dai
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Chengxuan Chen
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Trupti Joshi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Medical Research Office, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65212
- Department of Computer Science, Informatics Institute and Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, USA
| | - Li Song
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Tri D. Vuong
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Theresa A. Musket
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Medical Research Office, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65212
| | - J. Grover Shannon
- Division of Plant Sciences and NCSB, University of Missouri-Fisher Delta Research Center, Portageville, MO, 63873, USA
| | - Cheng Shifeng
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Genomics Institute-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China
| | - Henry T. Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology (NCSB), University of Missouri, Columbia 65211, USA
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19
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Lu S, Yin X, Spollen W, Zhang N, Xu D, Schoelz J, Bilyeu K, Zhang ZJ. Analysis of the siRNA-Mediated Gene Silencing Process Targeting Three Homologous Genes Controlling Soybean Seed Oil Quality. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129010. [PMID: 26061033 PMCID: PMC4465718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, RNA silencing has gained significant attention because of its success in genomic scale research and also in the genetic improvement of crop plants. However, little is known about the molecular basis of siRNA processing in association with its target transcript. To reveal this process for improving hpRNA-mediated gene silencing in crop plants, the soybean GmFAD3 gene family was chosen as a test model. We analyzed RNAi mutant soybean lines in which three members of the GmFAD3 gene family were silenced. The silencing levels of FAD3A, FAD3B and FAD3C were correlated with the degrees of sequence homology between the inverted repeat of hpRNA and the GmFAD3 transcripts in the RNAi lines. Strikingly, transgenes in two of the three RNAi lines were heavily methylated, leading to a dramatic reduction of hpRNA-derived siRNAs. Small RNAs corresponding to the loop portion of the hairpin transcript were detected while much lower levels of siRNAs were found outside of the target region. siRNAs generated from the 318-bp inverted repeat were found to be diced much more frequently at stem sequences close to the loop and associated with the inferred cleavage sites on the target transcripts, manifesting "hot spots". The top candidate hpRNA-derived siRNA share certain sequence features with mature miRNA. This is the first comprehensive and detailed study revealing the siRNA-mediated gene silencing mechanism in crop plants using gene family GmFAD3 as a test model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- Plant Transformation Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyan Yin
- Plant Transformation Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - William Spollen
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Computer Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Computer Sciences and Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - James Schoelz
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Kristin Bilyeu
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
- USDA-ARS, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
| | - Zhanyuan J. Zhang
- Plant Transformation Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America
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20
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Wang X, Jiang GL, Green M, Scott RA, Song Q, Hyten DL, Cregan PB. Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci for seed yield, oil and protein contents in two recombinant inbred line populations of soybean. Mol Genet Genomics 2014; 289:935-49. [PMID: 24861102 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Soybean seeds contain high levels of oil and protein, and are the important sources of vegetable oil and plant protein for human consumption and livestock feed. Increased seed yield, oil and protein contents are the main objectives of soybean breeding. The objectives of this study were to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with seed yield, oil and protein contents in two recombinant inbred line populations, and to evaluate the consistency of QTLs across different environments, studies and genetic backgrounds. Both the mapping population (SD02-4-59 × A02-381100) and validation population (SD02-911 × SD00-1501) were phenotyped for the three traits in multiple environments. Genetic analysis indicated that oil and protein contents showed high heritabilities while yield exhibited a lower heritability in both populations. Based on a linkage map constructed previously with the mapping population and using composite interval mapping and/or interval mapping analysis, 12 QTLs for seed yield, 16 QTLs for oil content and 11 QTLs for protein content were consistently detected in multiple environments and/or the average data over all environments. Of the QTLs detected in the mapping population, five QTLs for seed yield, eight QTLs for oil content and five QTLs for protein content were confirmed in the validation population by single marker analysis in at least one environment and the average data and by ANOVA over all environments. Eight of these validated QTLs were newly identified. Compared with the other studies, seven QTLs for seed yield, eight QTLs for oil content and nine QTLs for protein content further verified the previously reported QTLs. These QTLs will be useful for breeding higher yield and better quality cultivars, and help effectively and efficiently improve yield potential and nutritional quality in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Wang
- Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University, North Plains Biostress Laboratory Building, Box 2140C, Brookings, SD, 57006, USA
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21
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Murad AM, Vianna GR, Machado AM, da Cunha NB, Coelho CM, Lacerda VAM, Coelho MC, Rech EL. Mass spectrometry characterisation of fatty acids from metabolically engineered soybean seeds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:2873-83. [PMID: 24652150 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Improving the quality and performance of soybean oil as biodiesel depends on the chemical composition of its fatty acids and requires an increase in monounsaturated acids and a reduction in polyunsaturated acids. Despite its current use as a source of biofuel, soybean oil contains an average of 25 % oleic acid and 13 % palmitic acid, which negatively impacts its oxidative stability and freezing point, causing a high rate of nitrogen oxide emission. Gas chromatography and ion mobility mass spectrometry were conducted on soybean fatty acids from metabolically engineered seed extracts to determine the nature of the structural oleic and palmitic acids. The soybean genes FAD2-1 and FatB were placed under the control of the 35SCaMV constitutive promoter, introduced to soybean embryonic axes by particle bombardment and down-regulated using RNA interference technology. Results indicate that the metabolically engineered plants exhibited a significant increase in oleic acid (up to 94.58 %) and a reduction in palmitic acid (to <3 %) in their seed oil content. No structural differences were observed between the fatty acids of the transgenic and non-transgenic oil extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M Murad
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB, Av. W5 Norte, 70770-917, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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22
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Li R, Hatanaka T, Yu K, Wu Y, Fukushige H, Hildebrand D. Soybean oil biosynthesis: role of diacylglycerol acyltransferases. Funct Integr Genomics 2013; 13:99-113. [PMID: 23322364 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-012-0306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the acyl-CoA-dependent acylation of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol to form seed oil triacylglycerol (TAG). To understand the features of genes encoding soybean (Glycine max) DGATs and possible roles in soybean seed oil synthesis and accumulation, two full-length cDNAs encoding type 1 diacylglycerol acyltransferases (GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B) were cloned from developing soybean seeds. These coding sequences share identities of 94 % and 95 % in protein and DNA sequences. The genomic architectures of GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B both contain 15 introns and 16 exons. Differences in the lengths of the first exon and most of the introns were found between GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B genomic sequences. Furthermore, detailed in silico analysis revealed a third predicted DGAT1, GmDGAT1C. GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT1B were found to have similar activity levels and substrate specificities. Oleoyl-CoA and sn-1,2-diacylglycerol were preferred substrates over vernoloyl-CoA and sn-1,2-divernoloylglycerol. Both transcripts are much more abundant in developing seeds than in other tissues including leaves, stem, roots, and flowers. Both soybean DGAT1A and DGAT1B are highly expressed at developing seed stages of maximal TAG accumulation with DGAT1B showing highest expression at somewhat later stages than DGAT1A. DGAT1A and DGAT1B show expression profiles consistent with important roles in soybean seed oil biosynthesis and accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Li
- Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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23
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Ruddle P, Whetten R, Cardinal A, Upchurch RG, Miranda L. Effect of a novel mutation in a Δ9-stearoyl-ACP-desaturase on soybean seed oil composition. Theor Appl Genet 2013; 126:241-249. [PMID: 22961205 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-012-1977-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil typically contains 2-4% stearic acid. Seed oil with 20% stearic acid would be useful for solid fat applications, both for its cooking properties and health benefits. Breeding lines with high stearic acid have been developed, but many suffer from agronomic problems. This study identifies a new source of high stearic acid, determines its relationship with another high stearic locus and presents molecular markers for it is use in breeding. TCJWB03-806-7-19, a 'Holladay' mutant with high stearic acid, was crossed to two FAM94-41-derived lines that contained a point mutation in a seed-specific isoform of a Δ9-stearoyl-acyl carrier protein-desaturase (SACPD-C). Fatty acid analysis was performed over two growing seasons with F(2)-derived lines and transgressive segregation for stearic acid content was observed. Sequencing of SACPD isoforms in TCJWB03-806-7-19 revealed the deletion of an 'A' nucleotide in exon 3 of SACPD-B, which results in a protein whose final 28 amino acids are predicted to differ from Williams 82 SACPD-B. Sorting intolerant from tolerant (SIFT) analysis revealed that this frameshift mutation may affect SACPD-B protein function. Allele-specific genotyping for the SACPD-C point mutation and SACPD-B nucleotide deletion was performed in both populations. Additive effects and R(2) for stearic acid were +3.3 and 0.55 for SACPD-C and +1.9 and 0.19 for SACPD-B. Average stearic acid in lines homozygous for both mutations was 14.6%. This SACPD-B mutation represents a novel high stearic allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ruddle
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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24
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Chen H, Wang FW, Dong YY, Wang N, Sun YP, Li XY, Liu L, Fan XD, Yin HL, Jing YY, Zhang XY, Li YL, Chen G, Li HY. Sequence mining and transcript profiling to explore differentially expressed genes associated with lipid biosynthesis during soybean seed development. BMC Plant Biol 2012; 12:122. [PMID: 22849561 PMCID: PMC3490753 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-12-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important oil crops in the world. It is desirable to increase oil yields from soybean, and so this has been a major goal of oilseed engineering. However, it is still uncertain how many genes and which genes are involved in lipid biosynthesis. RESULTS Here, we evaluated changes in gene expression over the course of seed development using Illumina (formerly Solexa) RNA-sequencing. Tissues at 15 days after flowering (DAF) served as the control, and a total of 11592, 16594, and 16255 differentially expressed unigenes were identified at 35, 55, and 65 DAF, respectively. Gene Ontology analyses detected 113 co-expressed unigenes associated with lipid biosynthesis. Of these, 15 showed significant changes in expression levels (log2fold values ≥ 1) during seed development. Pathway analysis revealed 24 co-expressed transcripts involved in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis pathways. We selected 12 differentially expressed genes and analyzed their expressions using qRT-PCR. The results were consistent with those obtained from Solexa sequencing. CONCLUSION These results provide a comprehensive molecular biology background for research on soybean seed development, particularly with respect to the process of oil accumulation. All of the genes identified in our research have significance for breeding soybeans with increased oil contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Fa-Wei Wang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dong
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Ye-Peng Sun
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Liang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiu-Duo Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Hai-Long Yin
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Jing
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xin-Yue Zhang
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Guang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
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25
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Pham AT, Lee JD, Shannon JG, Bilyeu KD. A novel FAD2-1 A allele in a soybean plant introduction offers an alternate means to produce soybean seed oil with 85% oleic acid content. Theor Appl Genet 2011; 123:793-802. [PMID: 21681491 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The alteration of fatty acid profiles in soybean to improve soybean oil quality has been a long-time goal of soybean researchers. Soybean oil with elevated oleic acid is desirable because this monounsaturated fatty acid improves the nutrition and oxidative stability of soybean oil compared to other oils. In the lipid biosynthetic pathway, the enzyme fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) is responsible for the conversion of oleic acid precursors to linoleic acid precursors in developing soybean seeds. Two genes encoding FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B were identified to be expressed specifically in seeds during embryogenesis and have been considered to hold an important role in controlling the seed oleic acid content. A total of 22 soybean plant introduction (PI) lines identified to have an elevated oleic acid content were characterized for sequence mutations in the FAD 2-1A and FAD2-1B genes. PI 603452 was found to contain a deletion of a nucleotide in the second exon of FAD2-1A. These important SNPs were used in developing molecular marker genotyping assays. The assays appear to be a reliable and accurate tool to identify the FAD 2-1A and FAD2-1B genotype of wild-type and mutant plants. PI 603452 was subsequently crossed with PI 283327, a soybean line that has a mutation in FAD2-1B. Interestingly, soybean lines carrying both homozygous insertion/deletion mutation (indel) FAD2-1A alleles and mutant FAD2-1B alleles have an average of 82-86% oleic acid content, compared to 20% in conventional soybean, and low levels of linoleic and linolenic acids. The newly identified indel mutation in the FAD2-1A gene offers a simple method for the development of high oleic acid commercial soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh-Tung Pham
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, 110 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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26
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Clemente TE, Cahoon EB. Soybean oil: genetic approaches for modification of functionality and total content. Plant Physiol 2009; 151:1030-40. [PMID: 19783644 PMCID: PMC2773065 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.146282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tom E Clemente
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA.
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27
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Abstract
The wild type (Wt) and mutant form of yeast (sphingolipid compensation) genes, SLC1 and SLC1-1, have been shown to have lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT) activities (Nageic et al. in J Biol Chem 269:22156-22163, 1993). Expression of these LPAT genes was reported to increase oil content in transgenic Arabidopsis and Brassica napus. It is of interest to determine if the TAG content increase would also be seen in soybeans. Therefore, the wild type SLC1 was expressed in soybean somatic embryos under the control of seed specific phaseolin promoter. Some transgenic somatic embryos and in both T2 and T3 transgenic seeds showed higher oil contents. Compared to controls, the average increase in triglyceride values went up by 1.5% in transgenic somatic embryos. A maximum of 3.2% increase in seed oil content was observed in a T3 line. Expression of the yeast Wt LPAT gene did not alter the fatty acid composition of the seed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryadevara S Rao
- Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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28
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Lichtenstein AH, Matthan NR, Jalbert SM, Resteghini NA, Schaefer EJ, Ausman LM. Novel soybean oils with different fatty acid profiles alter cardiovascular disease risk factors in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84:497-504. [PMID: 16960162 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/84.3.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of soybean oils were developed with improved oxidative stability and functional characteristics for use as alternatives to partially hydrogenated fat. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the effect of selectively bred and genetically modified soybean oils with altered fatty acid profiles, relative to common soybean and partially hydrogenated soybean oils, on cardiovascular disease risk factors. DESIGN Thirty subjects (16 women and 14 men) aged >50 y with LDL-cholesterol concentrations >130 mg/dL at screening consumed 5 experimental diets in random order for 35 d each. Diets contained the same foods and provided 30% of energy as fat, of which two-thirds was either soybean oil (SO), low-saturated fatty acid soybean oil (LoSFA-SO), high-oleic acid soybean oil (HiOleic-SO), low-alpha-linolenic acid soybean oil (LoALA-SO), or partially hydrogenated soybean oil (Hydrog-SO). RESULTS Plasma phospholipid patterns reflected the predominant fat in the diet. LDL-cholesterol concentrations were 3.66 +/- 0.67(b), 3.53 +/- 0.77(b), 3.70 +/- 0.66(b), 3.71 +/- 0.64(a,b), and 3.92 +/- 0.70(a) mol/L; HDL-cholesterol concentrations were 1.32 +/- 0.32(a,b), 1.32 +/- 0.35(b), 1.36 +/- 0.33(a), 1.32 +/- 0.33(b), and 1.32 +/- 0.32(a,b) mol/L for the SO, LoSFA-SO, HiOleic-SO, LoALA-SO, and Hydrog-SO diets, respectively (values with different superscript letters are significantly different, P < 0.05). No significant effects were observed on VLDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, lipoprotein(a), and C-reactive protein concentrations or on ratios of LDL cholesterol to apolipoprotein B (apo B) and HDL cholesterol to apo A-I. Total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol was lower after subjects consumed the unhydrogenated soybean oils than after they consumed the Hydrog-SO diet. CONCLUSIONS All varieties of soybean oils resulted in more favorable lipoprotein profiles than did the partially hydrogenated form. These soybean oils may provide a viable option for reformulation of products to reduce the content of trans fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory and the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Gryson N, Ronsse F, Messens K, De Loose M, Verleyen T, Dewettinck K. Refining of soy bean oil: detection of DNA. Meded Rijksuniv Gent Fak Landbouwkd Toegep Biol Wet 2001; 66:417-24. [PMID: 15954627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Gryson
- AgriFing, Centre for Applied Research and Services, Hogeschool Gent, Voskenslaan 270, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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