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Fujimoto H, Yoshihara M, Rodgers R, Iyoshi S, Mogi K, Miyamoto E, Hayakawa S, Hayashi M, Nomura S, Kitami K, Uno K, Sugiyama M, Koya Y, Yamakita Y, Nawa A, Enomoto A, Ricciardelli C, Kajiyama H. Tumor-associated fibrosis: a unique mechanism promoting ovarian cancer metastasis and peritoneal dissemination. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:1037-1053. [PMID: 38546906 PMCID: PMC11300578 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is often diagnosed in advanced stage with peritoneal dissemination. Recent studies indicate that aberrant accumulation of collagen fibers in tumor stroma has a variety of effects on tumor progression. We refer to remodeled fibrous stroma with altered expression of collagen molecules, increased stiffness, and highly oriented collagen fibers as tumor-associated fibrosis (TAF). TAF contributes to EOC cell invasion and metastasis in the intraperitoneal cavity. However, an understanding of molecular events involved is only just beginning to emerge. Further development in this field will lead to new strategies to treat EOC. In this review, we focus on the recent findings on how the TAF contributes to EOC malignancy. Furthermore, we will review the recent initiatives and future therapeutic strategies for targeting TAF in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Masato Yoshihara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Raymond Rodgers
- School of Biomedicine, Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shohei Iyoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Kazumasa Mogi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Emiri Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sae Hayakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maia Hayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Kitami
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Kaname Uno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Graduate School of Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mai Sugiyama
- Bell Research Center-Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center-Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Yamakita
- Bell Research Center-Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Bell Research Center-Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Enomoto
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Suriyaamporn P, Dechsri K, Charoenying T, Ngawhirunpat T, Rojanarata T, Patrojanasophon P, Opanasopit P, Pamornpathomkul B. Multiple strategies approach: A novel crosslinked hydrogel forming chitosan-based microneedles chemowrap patch loaded with 5-fluorouracil liposomes for chronic wound cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134973. [PMID: 39182897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Untreated or poorly managed chronic wounds can progress to skin cancer. Topically applied 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a nonspecific cytostatic agent, can cause various side effects. Its high polarity also results in low cell membrane affinity and bioavailability. Hydrogel, used for its occlusive effect, is one platform for treating chronic wounds combined with PEGylated liposomes (LPs), developed to increase drug-skin affinity. This research aimed to develop a novel hydrogel forming chitosan-based microneedles (HFM) chemowrap patch containing 5-FU PEGylated LPs, improving 5-FU efficiency for pre-carcinogenic and carcinogenic skin lesions. The results indicated that the 5-FU-PEGylated LPs-loaded HFM chemowrap patch exhibited desirable physical and mechanical characteristics with complete penetration ability. Furthermore, in vivo skin permeation studies demonstrated the highest percentage of 5-FU permeated the skin (42.06 ± 11.82 %) and skin deposition (75.90 ± 1.13 %) compared to the other treatments, with demonstrated superior percentages of complete wound healing in in vivo (47.00 ± 5.77 % wound healing at day 7) and in NHF cells (92.79 ± 7.15 % at 48 h). Furthermore, 5-FU-PEGylated LPs-loaded HFM chemowrap patches exhibit efficient anticancer activity while maintaining safety for normal cells. The results also show that the developed formulation of a 5-FU-PEGylated LPs-loaded HFM chemowrap patch could enhance apoptosis higher than that of the 5-FU solution. Consequently, 5-FU PEGylated LPs-loaded HFM chemowrap patch represented a promising drug delivery approach for treating pre-carcinogenic and carcinogenic skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuvamin Suriyaamporn
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Koranat Dechsri
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Thapakorn Charoenying
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Theerasak Rojanarata
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Prasopchai Patrojanasophon
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Boonnada Pamornpathomkul
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand.
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Mimura K, Fumino S, Yamashi K, Iguchi M, Inoue M, Takayama S, Kim K, Aoi S, Tajiri T, Ono S. Systemic inflammation enhances metastatic growth in a syngeneic neuroblastoma mouse model. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:195. [PMID: 39017743 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05788-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that total tumor resection enhances metastatic growth in a syngeneic metastatic mouse model of neuroblastoma. In this study, we further investigated which surgical factors contributed most to metastatic growth. METHODS Tumor cells derived from MYCN transgenic mice were subcutaneously injected into wild-type mice. Mice were randomly assigned to receive partial resection (PR group), subcutaneous implantation of a sponge (Sp group), or observation (Obs group). The lymph node metastasis volume and the frequency of lung metastasis were compared 14 days after assignment by measuring C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. RESULTS The lymph node metastasis volume in the Sp group was larger than in the Obs group (148.4 [standard deviation {SD}: 209.5] vs. 10.2 [SD 12.8] mm3). The frequency of lung metastasis was greater in the Sp group than in the PR group (11.9 [SD 12.2] vs. 6.6 [SD 4.0] counts/slide). The CRP level in the Sp group was higher than in the PR group (2.3 [SD 0.5] vs. 1.5 [SD 0.4] μg/mL), and the IL-6 level in the Sp group was higher than in the PR or Obs groups (28.4 [SD 34.5] vs. 12.4 [SD 19.0] vs. 5.4 [SD 8.1] pg/mL). CONCLUSION Metastatic growth may be enhanced by systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Mimura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Shigehisa Fumino
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kodai Yamashi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masafumi Iguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Maho Inoue
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital, St. Louis, USA
| | - Shohei Takayama
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Kim
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Aoi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Tajiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ono
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii Cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
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Sanjaya A, Ratnawati H, Adhika OA, Rahmatilah FR. The heterogeneity of breast cancer metastasis: a bioinformatics analysis utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing data. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07428-1. [PMID: 38992286 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is a common malignancy in women, and its metastasis is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can distinguish the molecular characteristics of metastasis and identify predictor genes for patient prognosis. This article explores gene expression in primary breast cancer tumor tissue against metastatic cells in the lymph node and liver using scRNA-seq. METHODS Breast cancer scRNA-seq data from the Gene Expression Omnibus were used. The data were processed using R and the Seurat package. The cells were clustered and identified using Metascape. InferCNV is used to analyze the variation in copy number. Differential expression analysis was conducted for the cancer cells using Seurat and was enriched using Metascape. RESULTS We identified 18 distinct cell clusters, 6 of which were epithelial. CNV analysis identified significant alterations with duplication of chromosomes 1, 8, and 19. Differential gene analysis resulted in 17 upregulated and 171 downregulated genes for the primary tumor in the primary tumor vs. liver metastasis comparison and 43 upregulated and 4 downregulated genes in the primary tumor in the primary tumor vs lymph node metastasis comparison. Several enriched terms include Ribosome biogenesis, NTP synthesis, Epithelial dedifferentiation, Autophagy, and genes associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions. CONCLUSION No single gene or pathway can clearly explain the mechanisms behind tumor metastasis. Several mechanisms contribute to lymph node and liver metastasis, such as the loss of differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and autophagy. These findings necessitate further study of metastatic tissue for effective drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardo Sanjaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Surya Sumantri No. 65, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia.
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia.
| | - Hana Ratnawati
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Oeij Anindita Adhika
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Jl. Surya Sumantri No. 65, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Faiz Rizqy Rahmatilah
- Undergraduate Program in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Maranatha Christian University, Bandung, 40164, West Java, Indonesia
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Bhattacharya R, Brown JS, Gatenby RA, Ibrahim-Hashim A. A gene for all seasons: The evolutionary consequences of HIF-1 in carcinogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 102-103:17-24. [PMID: 38969311 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen played a pivotal role in the evolution of multicellularity during the Cambrian Explosion. Not surprisingly, responses to fluctuating oxygen concentrations are integral to the evolution of cancer-a disease characterized by the breakdown of multicellularity. Poorly organized tumor vasculature results in chaotic patterns of blood flow characterized by large spatial and temporal variations in intra-tumoral oxygen concentrations. Hypoxia-inducible growth factor (HIF-1) plays a pivotal role in enabling cells to adapt, metabolize, and proliferate in low oxygen conditions. HIF-1 is often constitutively activated in cancers, underscoring its importance in cancer progression. Here, we argue that the phenotypic changes mediated by HIF-1, in addition to adapting the cancer cells to their local environment, also "pre-adapt" them for proliferation at distant, metastatic sites. HIF-1-mediated adaptations include a metabolic shift towards anaerobic respiration or glycolysis, activation of cell survival mechanisms like phenotypic plasticity and epigenetic reprogramming, and formation of tumor vasculature through angiogenesis. Hypoxia induced epigenetic reprogramming can trigger epithelial to mesenchymal transition in cancer cells-the first step in the metastatic cascade. Highly glycolytic cells facilitate local invasion by acidifying the tumor microenvironment. New blood vessels, formed due to angiogenesis, provide cancer cells a conduit to the circulatory system. Moreover, survival mechanisms acquired by cancer cells in the primary site allow them to remodel tissue at the metastatic site generating tumor promoting microenvironment. Thus, hypoxia in the primary tumor promoted adaptations conducive to all stages of the metastatic cascade from the initial escape entry into a blood vessel, intravascular survival, extravasation into distant tissues, and establishment of secondary tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjini Bhattacharya
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of South Florida, United States; Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, United States
| | - Joel S Brown
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, United States; Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Illinois, at Chicago, United States
| | - Robert A Gatenby
- Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, United States; Department of Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, United States.
| | - Arig Ibrahim-Hashim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, United States.
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Dicu-Andreescu IG, Marincaș MA, Simionescu AA, Dicu-Andreescu I, Prunoiu VM, Ionescu SO, Neicu ȘA, Radu GM, Brătucu E, Simion L. Abdominal Parietal Metastasis from Cervical Cancer: A Review of One of the Most Uncommon Sites of Recurrence Including a Report of a New Case. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:667. [PMID: 38929651 PMCID: PMC11204997 DOI: 10.3390/life14060667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, the highest mortality being found in low- and middle-income countries. Abdominal parietal metastases in cervical cancer are a very rare entity, with an incidence of 0.1-1.3%, and represent an unfavorable prognostic factor with the survival rate falling to 17%. Here, we present a review of cases of abdominal parietal metastasis in recent decades, including a new case of a 4.5 cm abdominal parietal metastasis at the site of the scar of the former drain tube 28 months after diagnosis of stage IIB cervical cancer (adenosquamous carcinoma), treated by external radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy and subsequent surgery (type B radical hysterectomy). The tumor was resected within oncological limits with the histopathological result of adenosquamous carcinoma. The case study highlights the importance of early detection and appropriate treatment of metastases in patients with cervical cancer. The discussion explores the potential pathways for parietal metastasis and the impact of incomplete surgical procedures on the development of metastases. The conclusion emphasizes the poor prognosis associated with this type of metastasis in cervical cancer patients and the potential benefits of surgical resection associated with systemic therapy in improving survival rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irinel-Gabriel Dicu-Andreescu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian-Augustin Marincaș
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca-Angela Simionescu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 011171 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Dicu-Andreescu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
| | - Virgiliu-Mihail Prunoiu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sânziana-Octavia Ionescu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefania-Ariana Neicu
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriela-Mădălina Radu
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Brătucu
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laurențiu Simion
- Clinical Department No 10, General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-G.D.-A.)
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Oncological Institute “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
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Borst R, Meyaard L, Pascoal Ramos MI. Understanding the matrix: collagen modifications in tumors and their implications for immunotherapy. J Transl Med 2024; 22:382. [PMID: 38659022 PMCID: PMC11040975 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumors are highly complex and heterogenous ecosystems where malignant cells interact with healthy cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Solid tumors contain large ECM deposits that can constitute up to 60% of the tumor mass. This supports the survival and growth of cancerous cells and plays a critical role in the response to immune therapy. There is untapped potential in targeting the ECM and cell-ECM interactions to improve existing immune therapy and explore novel therapeutic strategies. The most abundant proteins in the ECM are the collagen family. There are 28 different collagen subtypes that can undergo several post-translational modifications (PTMs), which alter both their structure and functionality. Here, we review current knowledge on tumor collagen composition and the consequences of collagen PTMs affecting receptor binding, cell migration and tumor stiffness. Furthermore, we discuss how these alterations impact tumor immune responses and how collagen could be targeted to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowie Borst
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linde Meyaard
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Ines Pascoal Ramos
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
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Senguttuvan RN, Hadadianpour S, Ruel N, Chung CP. Increased Rate of Mesh Erosion in Breast Cancer Survivors Taking Antiestrogen Therapy. UROGYNECOLOGY (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2024; 30:174-180. [PMID: 38484229 DOI: 10.1097/spv.0000000000001436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE There are no current data investigating the relationship between mesh-exposure complications after midurethral sling surgery and antiestrogen therapy. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine if there are increased mesh-exposure complications between a breast cancer population versus a noncancer population particularly in conjunction with hormone suppression (HS) therapy. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with a history of breast cancer undergoing tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) surgery at our institution between 2013 and 2021. A group of patients who underwent TVT surgery without a history of cancer served as our control. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of mesh exposure complications. RESULTS One hundred twenty-one patients with breast cancer had TVT surgery. Two hundred ninety-seven patients without cancer had TVT surgery during the same period. Baseline characteristics across all groups were similar. Twenty-nine patients (6.9%) experienced mesh exposure. This occurred at a higher rate in our cancer (15.7%) versus the noncancer population (3.4%). Women with breast cancer taking HS therapy had a higher rate of mesh exposure complications compared with those not taking HS therapy (25.0% versus 6.6%; P = 0.005). The highest rate of mesh exposure complications occurred in the cohort taking estrogen receptor modulators, selective estrogen receptor modulator (10/36 [27.8%]) versus aromatase inhibitors (5/24 [20.8%]) versus no HS therapy (4/61 [6.6%]; P = 0.014). On multivariate analysis, HS therapy use (odds ratio, 1.57; P = 0.007) and diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 4.53; P = 0.018) were associated with increased TVT-related complications. CONCLUSION Women with breast cancer had a higher rate of mesh exposure complications from TVT surgery compared with women without cancer, particularly those taking antiestrogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nora Ruel
- Department of Biostatistics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
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Garralda E, Beaulieu ME, Moreno V, Casacuberta-Serra S, Martínez-Martín S, Foradada L, Alonso G, Massó-Vallés D, López-Estévez S, Jauset T, Corral de la Fuente E, Doger B, Hernández T, Perez-Lopez R, Arqués O, Castillo Cano V, Morales J, Whitfield JR, Niewel M, Soucek L, Calvo E. MYC targeting by OMO-103 in solid tumors: a phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2024; 30:762-771. [PMID: 38321218 PMCID: PMC10957469 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-024-02805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Among the 'most wanted' targets in cancer therapy is the oncogene MYC, which coordinates key transcriptional programs in tumor development and maintenance. It has, however, long been considered undruggable. OMO-103 is a MYC inhibitor consisting of a 91-amino acid miniprotein. Here we present results from a phase 1 study of OMO-103 in advanced solid tumors, established to examine safety and tolerability as primary outcomes and pharmacokinetics, recommended phase 2 dose and preliminary signs of activity as secondary ones. A classical 3 + 3 design was used for dose escalation of weekly intravenous, single-agent OMO-103 administration in 21-day cycles, encompassing six dose levels (DLs). A total of 22 patients were enrolled, with treatment maintained until disease progression. The most common adverse events were grade 1 infusion-related reactions, occurring in ten patients. One dose-limiting toxicity occurred at DL5. Pharmacokinetics showed nonlinearity, with tissue saturation signs at DL5 and a terminal half-life in serum of 40 h. Of the 19 patients evaluable for response, 12 reached the predefined 9-week time point for assessment of drug antitumor activity, eight of those showing stable disease by computed tomography. One patient defined as stable disease by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors showed a 49% reduction in total tumor volume at best response. Transcriptomic analysis supported target engagement in tumor biopsies. In addition, we identified soluble factors that are potential pharmacodynamic and predictive response markers. Based on all these data, the recommended phase 2 dose was determined as DL5 (6.48 mg kg-1).ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04808362 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Víctor Moreno
- START Madrid-FJD-Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Guzman Alonso
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernard Doger
- START Madrid-FJD-Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Oriol Arqués
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Laura Soucek
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain.
- Peptomyc S.L., Barcelona, Spain.
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Emiliano Calvo
- START Madrid-CIOCC-Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
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Levra Levron C, Elettrico L, Duval C, Piacenti G, Proserpio V, Donati G. Bridging tissue repair and epithelial carcinogenesis: epigenetic memory and field cancerization. Cell Death Differ 2024:10.1038/s41418-023-01254-6. [PMID: 38228801 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The epigenome coordinates spatial-temporal specific gene expression during development and in adulthood, for the maintenance of homeostasis and upon tissue repair. The upheaval of the epigenetic landscape is a key event in the onset of many pathologies including tumours, where epigenetic changes cooperate with genetic aberrations to establish the neoplastic phenotype and to drive cell plasticity during its evolution. DNA methylation, histone modifiers and readers or other chromatin components are indeed often altered in cancers, such as carcinomas that develop in epithelia. Lining the surfaces and the cavities of our body and acting as a barrier from the environment, epithelia are frequently subjected to acute or chronic tissue damages, such as mechanical injuries or inflammatory episodes. These events can activate plasticity mechanisms, with a deep impact on cells' epigenome. Despite being very effective, tissue repair mechanisms are closely associated with tumour onset. Here we review the similarities between tissue repair and carcinogenesis, with a special focus on the epigenetic mechanisms activated by cells during repair and opted by carcinoma cells in multiple epithelia. Moreover, we discuss the recent findings on inflammatory and wound memory in epithelia and describe the epigenetic modifications that characterise them. Finally, as wound memory in epithelial cells promotes carcinogenesis, we highlight how it represents an early step for the establishment of field cancerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Levra Levron
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Elettrico
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Carlotta Duval
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Piacenti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Proserpio
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Candiolo (TO), Italy
| | - Giacomo Donati
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
- Molecular Biotechnology Center "Guido Tarone", University of Turin, Torino, Italy.
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11
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Katkat E, Demirci Y, Heger G, Karagulle D, Papatheodorou I, Brazma A, Ozhan G. Canonical Wnt and TGF-β/BMP signaling enhance melanocyte regeneration but suppress invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of melanoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1297910. [PMID: 38020918 PMCID: PMC10679360 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1297910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer and develops from the melanocytes that are responsible for the pigmentation of the skin. The skin is also a highly regenerative organ, harboring a pool of undifferentiated melanocyte stem cells that proliferate and differentiate into mature melanocytes during regenerative processes in the adult. Melanoma and melanocyte regeneration share remarkable cellular features, including activation of cell proliferation and migration. Yet, melanoma considerably differs from the regenerating melanocytes with respect to abnormal proliferation, invasive growth, and metastasis. Thus, it is likely that at the cellular level, melanoma resembles early stages of melanocyte regeneration with increased proliferation but separates from the later melanocyte regeneration stages due to reduced proliferation and enhanced differentiation. Here, by exploiting the zebrafish melanocytes that can efficiently regenerate and be induced to undergo malignant melanoma, we unravel the transcriptome profiles of the regenerating melanocytes during early and late regeneration and the melanocytic nevi and malignant melanoma. Our global comparison of the gene expression profiles of melanocyte regeneration and nevi/melanoma uncovers the opposite regulation of a substantial number of genes related to Wnt signaling and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/(bone morphogenetic protein) BMP signaling pathways between regeneration and cancer. Functional activation of canonical Wnt or TGF-β/BMP pathways during melanocyte regeneration promoted melanocyte regeneration but potently suppressed the invasiveness, migration, and proliferation of human melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the opposite regulation of signaling mechanisms between melanocyte regeneration and melanoma can be exploited to stop tumor growth and develop new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Katkat
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Yeliz Demirci
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | | | - Doga Karagulle
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Irene Papatheodorou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory—European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Türkiye
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12
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Panahipour L, Croci R, Guarnieri S, Gruber R. PRF Lysates Enhance the Proliferation and Migration of Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cell Lines. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:242. [PMID: 37886927 PMCID: PMC10605502 DOI: 10.3390/dj11100242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is an autologous fibrin-rich matrix where activated platelets and leucocytes accumulate. PRF has a wide spectrum of clinical indications with the overall aim of supporting tissue regeneration which in dentistry includes the healing of healthy oral mucosa with epithelial cells. In oral squamous cell carcinoma lesions, however, epithelial cells undergo malignant transformation, indicated by their unrestricted proliferation and migration potential, which should not be further enhanced by a wound-healing formula. Yet, little is known about how oral squamous cell carcinomas respond to PRF lysates. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to test the capacity of PRF lysates to change the transcriptome of HSC2 oral squamous carcinoma cells and perform bioassays to support the findings. Based on the RNAseq analysis, PRF lysates caused an increase in the genes functionally linked to cell replication and migration. In support of this screening approach, PRF lysates enhanced the proliferation of HSC2 oral squamous carcinoma cells, as indicated by 3[H]-thymidine incorporation, cell counting, and the expression of proliferation-related genes. Moreover, PRF lysates sped up cell migration in a scratch assay requiring actin polymerization. Taken together, our data showing that PRF lysates are mitogenic and stimulate motility of oral squamous carcinoma cell lines could be an indication that treatment with PRF in cases of oral carcinoma should be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Panahipour
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (R.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Rebecca Croci
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (R.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Sara Guarnieri
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (R.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Reinhard Gruber
- Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.P.); (R.C.); (S.G.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Kubat Oktem E, Demir U, Yazar M, Arga KY. Three candidate anticancer drugs were repositioned by integrative analysis of the transcriptomes of species with different regenerative abilities after injury. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 106:107934. [PMID: 37487250 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration is a homeostatic process that involves the restoration of cells and body parts. Most of the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways involved in wound healing, such as proliferation, have also been associated with cancer cell growth, suggesting that cancer is an over/unhealed wound. In this study, we examined differentially expressed genes in spinal cord samples from regenerative organisms (axolotl and zebrafish) and nonregenerative organisms (mouse and rat) compared to intact control spinal cord samples using publicly available transcriptomics data and bioinformatics analyses. Based on these gene signatures, we investigated 3 small compounds, namely cucurbitacin I, BMS-754807, and PHA-793887 as potential candidates for the treatment of cancer. The predicted target genes of the repositioned compounds were mainly enriched with the greatest number of genes in cancer pathways. The molecular docking results on the binding affinity between the repositioned compounds and their target genes are also reported. The repositioned 3 small compounds showed anticancer effect both in 2D and 3D cell cultures using the prostate cancer cell line as a model. We propose cucurbitacin I, BMS-754807, and PHA-793887 as potential anticancer drug candidates. Future studies on the mechanisms associated with the revealed gene signatures and anticancer effects of these three small compunds would allow scientists to develop therapeutic approaches to combat cancer. This research contributes to the evaluation of mechanisms and gene signatures that either limit or cause cancer, and to the development of new cancer therapies by establishing a link between regeneration and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Kubat Oktem
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ummuhan Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey; Istanbul Medeniyet University, Science and Advanced Technology Research Center (BILTAM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yazar
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kazim Yalcin Arga
- Department of Bioengineering, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey; Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Labarrade F, Perrin A, Ferreira Y, Botto JM, Imbert I. Modulation of Piezo1 influences human skin architecture and oxytocin expression. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:604-611. [PMID: 37170671 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Throughout our existence, the skin senses and analyses the mechanical forces imposed by the environment. In response to these environmental forces, skin can deform itself and achieve a biological response. The subsequent cutaneous plasticity emerges from mechanical properties arising from the collective action of the skin cells, particularly keratinocytes, that govern the tensile strength via cell-to-cell adhesions and via cell-matrix adhesion structures. In addition to serving as force-bearing entities, keratinocytes respond to forces by activating signalling pathways to control their own fate and function. To detect and adapt to mechanical signals, keratinocytes possess a panel of sensory receptors and junctional intercellular structures. Mechanically activated ion channel Piezo1 has been described as a force sensor and as being involved in pleasant touch perception. In this study, relationships between Piezo1 modulation and oxytocin synthesis were investigated. METHODS The expression of Piezo1 in the skin was studied and compared with the expression of TRPV1. Dooku1 antagonist and Jedi1 agonist were used to modulate Piezo1. The level of E-cadherin and oxytocin was monitored in ex vivo skin biopsies by immunodetection. RESULTS Taken together, our results illustrate the major role of mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 in skin barrier integrity, and in peripheral oxytocin synthesis in the skin. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study highlights the relationships between pleasant touch, soft touch and local oxytocin synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armelle Perrin
- Ashland Global Skin Research Centre, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Yolène Ferreira
- Ashland Global Skin Research Centre, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Isabelle Imbert
- Ashland Global Skin Research Centre, Sophia Antipolis, France
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15
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Bukkuri A, Adler FR. Mathematical Modeling of Field Cancerization through the Lens of Cancer Behavioral Ecology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.07.552382. [PMID: 37609179 PMCID: PMC10441298 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.07.552382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Field cancerization is a process in which a normal tissue is replaced with pre-cancerous but histologically normal tissue. This transformed field can give rise to malignancy and contribute to tumor relapse. In this paper, we create a mathematical model of field cancerization from the perspective of cancer behavioral ecology. In our model, field cancerization arises from a breakdown in signaling integrity and control, and investigate implications for acute wounding, chronic wounding, aging, and therapeutic interventions. We find that restoration of communication networks can lead to cancer regression in the context of acute injury. Conversely, long term loss of controls, such as through chronic wounding or aging, can promote oncogenesis. These results are paralleled in therapeutic interventions: those that simply target cells in cancerous states may be less effective than those that reestablish signaling integrity. Viewing cancer as a corruption of communication systems rather than as a corruption of individual cells may lead to novel approaches for understanding and treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraag Bukkuri
- Cancer Biology and Evolution Program and Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Frederick R Adler
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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16
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Bogen KT. Ultrasensitive dose-response for asbestos cancer risk implied by new inflammation-mutation model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 230:115047. [PMID: 36965808 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in complex cellular phenotype each typically involve multistep activation of an ultrasensitive molecular switch (e.g., to adaptively initiate an apoptosis, inflammasome, Nrf2-ARE anti-oxidant, or heat-shock activation pathway) that triggers expression of a suite of target genes while efficiently limiting false-positive switching from a baseline state. Such switches exhibit nonlinear signal-activation relationships. In contrast, a linear no-threshold (LNT) dose-response relationship is expected for damage that accumulates in proportion to dose, as hypothesized for increased risk of cancer in relation to genotoxic dose according to the multistage somatic mutation/clonal-expansion theory of cancer, e.g., as represented in the Moolgavkar-Venzon-Knudsen (MVK) cancer model by a doubly stochastic nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Mesothelioma and lung cancer induced by exposure to carcinogenic (e.g., certain asbestos) fibers in humans and experimental animals are thought to involve modes of action driven by mutations, cytotoxicity-associated inflammation, or both, rendering ambiguous expectations concerning the nature of model-implied shape of the low-dose response for above-background increase in risk of incurring these endpoints. A recent Inflammation Somatic Mutation (ISM) theory of cancer posits instead that tissue-damage-associated inflammation that epigenetically recruits, activates and orchestrates stem cells to engage in tissue repair does not merely promote cancer, but rather is a requisite co-initiator (acting together with as few as two somatic mutations) of the most efficient pathway to any type of cancer in any reparable tissue (Dose-Response 2019; 17(2):1-12). This theory is reviewed, implications of this theory are discussed in relation to mesothelioma and lung cancer associated with chronic asbestos inhalation, one of the two types of ISM-required mutations is here hypothesized to block or impede inflammation resolution (e.g., by doing so for GPCR-mediated signal transduction by one or more endogenous autacoid specialized pro-resolving mediators or SPMs), and supporting evidence for this hypothesis is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth T Bogen
- 9832 Darcy Forest Drive, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, United States.
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17
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Lee SH, An S, Ryu YC, Seo SH, Park S, Lee MJ, Cho SW, Choi KY. Adhesive Hydrogel Patch-Mediated Combination Drug Therapy Induces Regenerative Wound Healing through Reconstruction of Regenerative Microenvironment. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203094. [PMID: 36854308 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative wound healing involves the scarless wound healing as observed in fetal skin. Multiple features of regenerative wound healing have been well studied; however, the practical application of pro-regenerative materials to recapitulate the regenerative wound healing in adult skins has not yet been achieved. In this study, the authors identified that their novel pro-regenerative material, pyrogallol-functionalized hyaluronic acid (HA-PG) patches in combination with protein transduction domain-fused Dishevelled (Dvl)-binding motif (PTD-DBM), a peptide inhibiting the CXXC-type zinc finger protein 5 (CXXC5)-Dvl interaction, promoted regenerative wound healing in mice. The HA-PG patches loaded with this competitor peptide and valproic acid (VPA), a glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) inhibitor, significantly inhibited scar formation during wound healing. The HA-PG patches with PTD-DBM and/or VPA inhibit the expression of differentiated cell markers such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) while inducing the expression of stem cell markers such as CD105 and Nestin. Moreover, Collagen III, an important factor for regenerative healing, is critically induced by the HA-PG patches with PTD-DBM and/or VPA, as also seen in VPA-treated Cxxc5-/- mouse fibroblasts. Overall, these findings suggest that the novel regeneration-promoting material can be utilized as a potential therapeutic agent to promote both wound healing and scar attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- CK Regeon Inc., Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohwan An
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Chan Ryu
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Hwa Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- CK Regeon Inc., Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Yell Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- CK Regeon Inc., Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
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18
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Jakovija A, Chtanova T. Skin immunity in wound healing and cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1060258. [PMID: 37398649 PMCID: PMC10312005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1060258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the body's largest organ. It serves as a barrier to pathogen entry and the first site of immune defense. In the event of a skin injury, a cascade of events including inflammation, new tissue formation and tissue remodeling contributes to wound repair. Skin-resident and recruited immune cells work together with non-immune cells to clear invading pathogens and debris, and guide the regeneration of damaged host tissues. Disruption to the wound repair process can lead to chronic inflammation and non-healing wounds. This, in turn, can promote skin tumorigenesis. Tumors appropriate the wound healing response as a way of enhancing their survival and growth. Here we review the role of resident and skin-infiltrating immune cells in wound repair and discuss their functions in regulating both inflammation and development of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnolda Jakovija
- Immunity Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St. Vincent’s School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tatyana Chtanova
- Immunity Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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19
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Liao S, Li J, Gao S, Han Y, Han X, Wu Y, Bi J, Xu M, Bi W. Sulfatinib, a novel multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor of FGFR1, CSF1R, and VEGFR1-3, suppresses osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion via dual role in tumor cells and tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1158857. [PMID: 37361567 PMCID: PMC10286821 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1158857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor progression is driven by intrinsic malignant behaviors caused by gene mutation or epigenetic modulation, as well as crosstalk with the components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Considering the current understanding of the tumor microenvironment, targeting the immunomodulatory stromal cells such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) could provide a potential therapeutic strategy. Here, we investigated the effect of sulfatinib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) of FGFR1, CSF1R, and VEGFR1-3, on the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS). Methods In vitro, the antitumor effect was tested by clony formation assay and apoptosis assay.The inhibition of tumor migration and invasion was detected by Transwell assay, and the de-polarization of macrophage was detected by flow cytometry.In vivo, subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor models were established to verify antitumor effect, and the underlying mechanism was verified by immunohistochemistry(IHC), immunofluorescence(IF) and flow cytometry. Results Sulfatinib suppressed OS cell migration and invasion by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by blocking the secretion of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in an autocrine manner. In addition, it regulated immune TME via inhibition of the migration of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) to the TME and the differentiation from SSCs to CAFs. Moreover, sulfatinib can suppress OS by modulation of the TME by inhibiting M2 polarization of macrophages. Systemic treatment of sulfatinib can reduce immunosuppression cells M2-TAMs, Tregs, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and increase cytotoxic T-cell infiltration in tumors, the lungs, and the spleens. Discussion Our preclinical experiments have shown that sulfatinib can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS by playing a dual role on tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment simultaneously and systematically reverse immunosuppression to immune activation status, which could be translated into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Liao
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxiong Li
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Song Gao
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Han
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Han
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyou Bi
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Bi
- Senior Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Ring NAR, Dworak H, Bachmann B, Schädl B, Valdivieso K, Rozmaric T, Heimel P, Fischer I, Klinaki E, Gutasi A, Schuetzenberger K, Leinfellner G, Ferguson J, Drechsler S, Mildner M, Schosserer M, Slezak P, Meyuhas O, Gruber F, Grillari J, Redl H, Ogrodnik M. The p-rpS6-zone delineates wounding responses and the healing process. Dev Cell 2023; 58:981-992.e6. [PMID: 37098351 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The spatial boundaries of tissue response to wounding are unknown. Here, we show that in mammals, the ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6) is phosphorylated in response to skin injury, forming a zone of activation surrounding the region of the initial insult. This p-rpS6-zone forms within minutes after wounding and is present until healing is complete. The zone is a robust marker of healing as it encapsulates features of the healing process, including proliferation, growth, cellular senescence, and angiogenesis. A mouse model that is unable to phosphorylate rpS6 shows an initial acceleration of wound closure, but results in impaired healing, identifying p-rpS6 as a modulator but not a driver of healing. Finally, the p-rpS6-zone accurately reports on the status of dermal vasculature and the effectiveness of healing, visually dividing an otherwise homogeneous tissue into regions with distinct properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Anneliese Ruth Ring
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helene Dworak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Bachmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Schädl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karla Valdivieso
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomaz Rozmaric
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Heimel
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Core Facility Hard Tissue and Biomaterial Research, Karl Donath Laboratory, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Fischer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eirini Klinaki
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aniko Gutasi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kornelia Schuetzenberger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Leinfellner
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - James Ferguson
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Drechsler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria; Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Slezak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oded Meyuhas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Florian Gruber
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heinz Redl
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mikolaj Ogrodnik
- Ludwig Boltzmann Research Group Senescence and Healing of Wounds, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Centre in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria; Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Aleman J, Young CD, Karam SD, Wang XJ. Revisiting laminin and extracellular matrix remodeling in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma: What have we learned after more than four decades of research? Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:5-23. [PMID: 35596706 PMCID: PMC9676410 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) have significantly lower survival upon the development of distant metastases. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a consistent yet dynamic influence on the metastatic capacity of SCCs. The ECM encompasses a milieu of structural proteins, signaling molecules, and enzymes. Just over 40 years ago, the fibrous ECM glycoprotein laminin was identified. Roughly four decades of research have revealed a pivotal role of laminins in metastasis. However, trends in ECM alterations in some cancers have been applied broadly to all metastatic diseases, despite evidence that these characteristics vary by tumor type. We will summarize how laminins influence the SCC metastatic process exclusively. Enhanced laminin protein deposition occurs at the invasive edge of SCC tumors, which correlates with elevated levels of laminin-binding β1 integrins on SCC cells, increased MMP-3 presence, worse prognosis, and lymphatic dissemination. Although these findings are significant, gaps in knowledge of the formation of a premetastatic niche, the processes of intra- and extravasation, and the contributions of the ECM to SCC metastatic cell dormancy persist. Bridging these gaps requires novel in vitro systems and animal models that reproduce tumor-stromal interactions and spontaneous metastasis seen in the clinic. These advances will allow accurate assessment of laminins to predict responders to transforming growth factor-β inhibitors and immunotherapy, as well as potential combinatorial therapies with the standard of care. Such clinical interventions may drastically improve quality of life and patient survival by explicitly targeting SCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Aleman
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christian D. Young
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Sana D. Karam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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22
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Motofei IG. Biology of cancer; from cellular and molecular mechanisms to developmental processes and adaptation. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:600-615. [PMID: 34695580 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer research has been largely focused on the cellular and molecular levels of investigation. Recent data show that not only the cell but also the extracellular matrix plays a major role in the progression of malignancy. In this way, the cells and the extracellular matrix create a specific local microenvironment that supports malignant development. At the same time, cancer implies a systemic evolution which is closely related to developmental processes and adaptation. Consequently, there is currently a real gap between the local investigation of cancer at the microenvironmental level, and the pathophysiological approach to cancer as a systemic disease. In fact, the cells and the matrix are not only complementary structures but also interdependent components that act synergistically. Such relationships lead to cell-matrix integration, a supracellular form of biological organization that supports tissue development. The emergence of this supracellular level of organization, as a structure, leads to the emergence of the supracellular control of proliferation, as a supracellular function. In humans, proliferation is generally involved in developmental processes and adaptation. These processes suppose a specific configuration at the systemic level, which generates high-order guidance for local supracellular control of proliferation. In conclusion, the supracellular control of proliferation act as an interface between the downstream level of cell division and differentiation, and upstream level of developmental processes and adaptation. Understanding these processes and their disorders is useful not only to complete the big picture of malignancy as a systemic disease, but also to open new treatment perspectives in the form of etiopathogenic (supracellular or informational) therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion G Motofei
- Department of Oncology/ Surgery, Carol Davila University, St. Pantelimon Hospital, Dionisie Lupu Street, No. 37, Bucharest, 020021, Romania.
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23
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Xu N, Chen Y, Guo D, Deng Y, Guo W, Liu X, Wang Y, Lu H, Liu A, Zhu J, Li F. Rhein promotes the proliferation of keratinocytes by targeting oestrogen receptors for skin ulcer treatment. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:209. [PMID: 35932049 PMCID: PMC9354312 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Sheng-ji Hua-yu (SJHY) formula is a quite effective Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) in the treatment of delayed diabetic wounds. Previous research has shown that the SJHY formula has significant anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects, but the precise mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of rhein, a compound extracted from SJHY formula, in keratinocytes and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods Microscale thermophoresis (MST) technology was used to confirm that rhein binds directly to oestrogen receptors (ERs). Rhein was then used to treat keratinocytes in vitro. Cell cycle and proliferation analysis, Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western-blot were conducted. Results Rhein increased the proportion of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and promoted keratinocyte proliferation. ICI 182,780, an ER inhibitor, was also used to treat keratinocytes. The expression of c-myc mRNA and protein induced by rhein was antagonized by ICI 182,780, indicating that this induction is ER dependent. Intervention with ICI 182,780 had no effect on the upregulation of FosB and JunD, indicating that activator protein 1 (AP-1) members (FosB and JunD) are involved in rhein-induced c-myc mRNA and protein expression but does not require the ER. Conclusion The present study found that rhein stimulates keratinocyte proliferation by activating the oestrogen signalling pathway via the oestrogen receptor, which induces the expression of c-myc in collaboration with FosB and JunD, thereby accelerating the process of re-epithelialization. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03691-1.
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24
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Naik S, Fuchs E. Inflammatory memory and tissue adaptation in sickness and in health. Nature 2022; 607:249-255. [PMID: 35831602 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Our body has a remarkable ability to remember its past encounters with allergens, pathogens, wounds and irritants, and to react more quickly to the next experience. This accentuated sensitivity also helps us to cope with new threats. Despite maintaining a state of readiness and broadened resistance to subsequent pathogens, memories can also be maladaptive, leading to chronic inflammatory disorders and cancers. With the ever-increasing emergence of new pathogens, allergens and pollutants in our world, the urgency to unravel the molecular underpinnings of these phenomena has risen to new heights. Here we reflect on how the field of inflammatory memory has evolved, since 2007, when researchers realized that non-specific memory is contained in the nucleus and propagated at the epigenetic level. We review the flurry of recent discoveries revealing that memory is not just a privilege of the immune system but also extends to epithelia of the skin, lung, intestine and pancreas, and to neurons. Although still unfolding, epigenetic memories of inflammation have now been linked to possible brain disorders such as Alzheimer disease, and to an elevated risk of cancer. In this Review, we consider the consequences-good and bad-of these epigenetic memories and their implications for human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Naik
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. .,Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. .,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Elaine Fuchs
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Robin Chemers Neustein Laboratory of Mammalian Cell Biology and Development, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Fang PH, Lai YY, Chen CL, Wang HY, Chang YN, Lin YC, Yan YT, Lai CH, Cheng B. Cobalt protoporphyrin promotes human keratinocyte migration under hyperglycemic conditions. Mol Med 2022; 28:71. [PMID: 35739477 PMCID: PMC9219158 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complete healing of diabetic wounds continues to be a clinically unmet need. Although robust therapies such as stem cell therapy and growth factor treatment are clinically applied, these treatments are costly for most diabetic wound patients. Therefore, a cheaper alternative is needed. Cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) has recently been demonstrated to promote tissue regeneration. In this study, the therapeutic benefits of CoPP in diabetic wound healing were examined. Methods An in vitro wound healing model that mimics re-epithelialization was established to examine the effect of CoPP on the migratory capability of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) in either normal glucose (NG) or high glucose (HG) media, as well as in the presence of either H2O2 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). At the end of the migration assays, cells were collected and subjected to Western blotting analysis and immunostaining. Results HaCaT were found to migrate significantly more slowly in the HG media compared to the NG media. CoPP treatment was found to enhance cell migration in HG media, but was found to decrease cell migration and proliferation when HaCaT were cultured in NG media. CoPP treatment induced high levels of expression of Nrf-2/HO-1 and FoxO1 in HaCaT cultured in either glucose concentration, although the FoxO1 expression was found to be significantly higher in HaCaT that underwent the migration assay in NG media compared to those in HG media. The higher level of FoxO1 expression seen in CoPP-treated HaCaT cultured in NG media resulted in upregulation of CCL20 and downregulation of TGFβ1. In contrast, HaCaT migrated in HG media were found to have high levels of expression of TGFβ1, and low levels of expression of CCL20. Interestingly, in the presence of H2O2, CoPP-pretreated HaCaT cultured in either NG or HG media had similar expression level of Nrf-2/HO-1 and FoxO1 to each other. Moreover, the anti-apoptotic effect of CoPP pretreatment was noticed in HaCaT cultured in either glucose concentration. Additionally, CoPP pretreatment was shown to promote tight junction formation in HaCaT suffering from LPS-induced damage. Conclusions CoPP enhances cell migratory capacity under hyperglycemic conditions, and protects cells from oxidative and LPS-induced cellular damage in HG media containing either H2O2 or LPS. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00499-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Hsiang Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, No.145, Xing Da Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Lai
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ling Chen
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Wang
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ning Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, No.145, Xing Da Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Chang Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, No.145, Xing Da Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Yan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Lai
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung-Hsing University, No.145, Xing Da Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Bill Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung-Hsing University, No.145, Xing Da Road, 402, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Sulforaphane Suppresses the Nicotine-Induced Expression of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 via Inhibiting ROS-Mediated AP-1 and NF-κB Signaling in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095172. [PMID: 35563563 PMCID: PMC9099819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulforaphane, a natural phytochemical compound found in various cruciferous vegetables, has been discovered to present anti-cancer properties. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a crucial role in gastric cancer metastasis. However, the role of sulforaphane in MMP-9 expression in gastric cancer is not yet defined. Nicotine, a psychoactive alkaloid found in tobacco, is associated with the development of gastric cancer. Here, we found that sulforaphane suppresses the nicotine-mediated induction of MMP-9 in human gastric cancer cells. We discovered that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MAPKs (p38 MAPK, Erk1/2) are involved in nicotine-induced MMP-9 expression. AP-1 and NF-κB are the critical transcription factors in MMP-9 expression. ROS/MAPK (p38 MAPK, Erk1/2) and ROS functioned as upstream signaling of AP-1 and NF-κB, respectively. Sulforaphane suppresses the nicotine-induced MMP-9 by inhibiting ROS-mediated MAPK (p38 MAPK, Erk1/2)/AP-1 and ROS-mediated NF-κB signaling axes, which in turn inhibit cell invasion in human gastric cancer AGS cells. Therefore, the current study provides valuable evidence for developing sulforaphane as a new anti-invasion strategy for human gastric cancer therapy.
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Dubey S, Jaiswal B, Gupta A. TIP60 acts as a regulator of genes involved in filopodia formation and cell migration during wound healing. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102015. [PMID: 35525269 PMCID: PMC9249863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex phenomenon that requires coordination of numerous molecular and cellular changes to facilitate timely and efficient repair of the damaged tissue. Although many of these molecular pathways have been detailed, others remain to be elucidated. In the present work, we show for the first time, roles for the acetyltransferase TIP60 and nuclear receptor transcription factor PXR in this process, participating in wound healing by altering actin dynamics and cellular motility. We found that in response to wound-injury, TIP60 induces rapid formation of filopodia at the wounded cell front, leading to enhanced cell migration and faster closure of the wound. Further, qPCR analysis revealed heightened expression of Cdc42 and ROCK1 genes, key regulators involved in filopodia formation and actin reorganization, exclusively in TIP60-PXR-expressing cells upon wound-induction. We also performed ChIP assays to confirm the context-specific binding of TIP60 on the ROCK1 promoter and demonstrated that the TIP60 chromodomain is essential for loading of the TIP60–PXR complex onto the chromatin. Results from immunoprecipitation assays revealed that during the wounded condition, TIP60 alters the chromatin microenvironment by specifically acetylating histones H2B and H4, thereby modulating the expression of target genes. Overall, findings of this study show that TIP60 is a novel regulator of the wound healing process by regulating the expression of wound repair-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Dubey
- Epigenetics and Human Disease Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bharti Jaiswal
- Integrative Chemical Biology, Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Epigenetics and Human Disease Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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28
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Detroja TS, Gil-Henn H, Samson AO. Text-Mining Approach to Identify Hub Genes of Cancer Metastasis and Potential Drug Repurposing to Target Them. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082130. [PMID: 35456223 PMCID: PMC9029557 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. Despite decades of research, the prevention and suppression of metastasis remain an elusive goal, and to date, only a few metastasis-related genes have been targeted therapeutically. Thus, there is a strong need to find potential genes involved in key driver traits of metastasis and their available drugs. In this study, we identified genes associated with metastasis and repurposable drugs that potentially target them. First, we use text mining of PubMed citations to identify candidate genes associated with metastatic processes, such as invadopodia, motility, movement, metastasis, invasion, wound healing, EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), and podosome. Next, we annotated the top genes involved in each process as a driver, tumor suppressor, or oncogene. Then, a total of 185 unique cancer genes involved in metastasis-related processes were used for hub gene analysis using bioinformatics tools. Notably, a total of 77 hub genes were identified. Further, we used virtual screening data of druggable candidate hub genes involved in metastasis and identified potential drugs that can be repurposed as anti-metastatic drugs. Remarkably, we found a total of 50 approved drugs that have the potential to be repurposed against 19 hub genes involved in metastasis-related processes. These 50 drugs were also found to be validated in different cancer cell lines, such as dasatinib, captopril, leflunomide, and dextromethorphan targeting SRC, MMP2, PTK2B, and RAC1 hub genes, respectively. These repurposed drugs potentially target metastasis, provide pharmacodynamic insight, and offer a window of opportunity for the development of much-needed antimetastatic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishna Saha Detroja
- Cell Migration and Invasion Lab, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
- Drug Discovery Lab, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel;
- Correspondence: (T.S.D.); (H.G.-H.)
| | - Hava Gil-Henn
- Cell Migration and Invasion Lab, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
- Correspondence: (T.S.D.); (H.G.-H.)
| | - Abraham O. Samson
- Drug Discovery Lab, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel;
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The gut microbial co-metabolism of bile-derived compounds (e.g. bile acids and bile pigments) affects colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here, we review recent findings with focus on selected novel aspects of bile-associated effects with interesting but unclear implications on CRC risk. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous studies demonstrated novel biotransformation of bile acids by gut bacteria (e.g. microbial conjugation of bile acids), resulting in diverse bile acid compounds that show complex interactions with host receptors (e.g. FXR, TGR5). In addition, YAP-associated signalling in intestinal epithelial cells is modulated via bile acid receptor TGR5 and contributes to colonic tumorigenesis. Finally, studies indicate that serum levels of the bile pigment bilirubin are inversely associated with CRC risk or intestinal inflammation and that bilirubin affects gut microbiota composition. SUMMARY Bile acids and bile pigments have multiple effects on intestinal microbe-host interactions, which may collectively modulate long-term CRC risk of the host.
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30
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Acosta S, Canclini L, Galarraga C, Justet C, Alem D. Lab-made 3D printed stoppers as high-throughput cell migration screening tool. SLAS Technol 2022; 27:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.slast.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kouprianov VA, Selmek AA, Ferguson JL, Mo X, Shive HR. brca2-mutant zebrafish exhibit context- and tissue-dependent alterations in cell phenotypes and response to injury. Sci Rep 2022; 12:883. [PMID: 35042909 PMCID: PMC8766490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells frequently co-opt molecular programs that are normally activated in specific contexts, such as embryonic development and the response to injury. Determining the impact of cancer-associated mutations on cellular phenotypes within these discrete contexts can provide new insight into how such mutations lead to dysregulated cell behaviors and subsequent cancer onset. Here we assess the impact of heritable BRCA2 mutation on embryonic development and the injury response using a zebrafish model (Danio rerio). Unlike most mouse models for BRCA2 mutation, brca2-mutant zebrafish are fully viable and thus provide a unique tool for assessing both embryonic and adult phenotypes. We find that maternally provided brca2 is critical for normal oocyte development and embryonic survival in zebrafish, suggesting that embryonic lethality associated with BRCA2 mutation is likely to reflect defects in both meiotic and embryonic developmental programs. On the other hand, we find that adult brca2-mutant zebrafish exhibit aberrant proliferation of several cell types under basal conditions and in response to injury in tissues at high risk for cancer development. These divergent effects exemplify the often-paradoxical outcomes that occur in embryos (embryonic lethality) versus adult animals (cancer predisposition) with mutations in cancer susceptibility genes such as BRCA2. The altered cell behaviors identified in brca2-mutant embryonic and adult tissues, particularly in adult tissues at high risk for cancer, indicate that the effects of BRCA2 mutation on cellular phenotypes are both context- and tissue-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aubrie A Selmek
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordan L Ferguson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heather R Shive
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Chobpenthai T, Poosiripinyo T, Tuntarattanapong P, Thanindratarn P, Trathitephun W. Outcomes of 2-octyl cyanoacrylate skin adhesives following musculoskeletal oncology surgery: A STROBE-compliant observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28326. [PMID: 34918713 PMCID: PMC8678018 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (2OCA) is a high-viscosity medical-grade tissue adhesive that is routinely used. However, no studies have evaluated its use in musculoskeletal surgery.We enrolled 99 patients who underwent musculoskeletal surgery. 2OCA was chosen for wound closure and was performed by a specific surgeon for all patients. The drying times for the adhesive were recorded, and photographs were obtained intra-operatively. Posttreatment follow-up consisted of queries regarding pain level and recording incisional dehiscence, wound infection, hematoma, and incisional bleeding. Data collection was performed postoperatively at 48 hours, 5 to 10 days, 14 days, and 30 days. Other adverse events were documented.2OCA was applied to 110 incisions in 99 patients, comprising 62 female and 37 male patients. The mean age of patients was 50.41 (±16.83) years; mean incision length was 10.24 (±5.7) cm, and the mean pain score using a visual analogue scale was 2.37 on a postoperative day 7. The mean drying time was 1.81 (±0.59) minutes; 91 (91%) patients reported excellent and superior satisfaction, and the remaining patients reported "good" (6%) and "fair" (2%) satisfaction. The percentages of dehiscence, hematoma and keloid formation were considerably low.In this study, 2OCA was safe for musculoskeletal oncology surgical incisions. The incidence of postoperative adverse events was low. However, some patients develop hematomas. Postoperative pain was low, and patient satisfaction was high. 2OCA can be a practical alternative to traditional suture closure for skin incisions after musculoskeletal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanapon Chobpenthai
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chulabhorn Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Pakjai Tuntarattanapong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Zhang M, Zhang J, Ran S, Sun W, Zhu Z. Polydopamine-assisted decoration of Se nanoparticles on curcumin-incorporated nanofiber matrices for localized synergistic tumor-wound therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:536-548. [PMID: 34904972 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01607e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The management of surgical wounds incurred during tumor removal procedures has become a non-negligible issue. Herein, for the first time, an implantable polymer-based nanofiber matrix is developed for postoperative tumor management by promoting wound healing and preventing cancer recurrence. The multifunctional matrix is successfully prepared by assembling chitosan-stabilized Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) at the surface of polydopamine (PDA) modified poly(ε-caprolactone)/curcumin fibres (PCL/CUR), denoted as PCL/CUR/PDA@Se. In this system, PDA as functionalized layers coated onto the PCL/CUR surface favors the effective immobilization of SeNPs through a covalent bond, as well as acts as a gatekeeper guaranteeing the sustained release of CUR. The CUR/SeNPs present excellent antitumor efficacy, respectively, which supports the nanocomposite matrix to efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction caused by the ROS overproduction, and significantly suppressing the tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, due to the synergistic antioxidant activity of CUR and SeNPs, the nanofibrous matrix distinctly facilitates the adhesion and proliferation of normal fibroblast cells, and simultaneously accelerates wound healing during tumor treatments in tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest that the PCL/CUR/PDA@Se matrix with bifunctional properties is a promising candidate for local tumor-wound therapy. This work offers an innovative strategy to develop new improved post-surgery therapies for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Jiting Zhang
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Siyi Ran
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China
| | - Zhihong Zhu
- Institute of Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Li C, Teixeira AF, Zhu HJ, Ten Dijke P. Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:154. [PMID: 34852849 PMCID: PMC8638446 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Adilson Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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She W, Shao J, Jia R. Targeting Splicing Factor SRSF6 for Cancer Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:780023. [PMID: 34917618 PMCID: PMC8669609 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.780023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant alternative splicing of pre-mRNA is an emerging cancer hallmark. Many cancer-associated genes undergo alternative splicing to produce multiple isoforms with diverse or even antagonistic functions. Oncogenic isoforms are often up-regulated, whereas tumor suppressive isoforms are down-regulated during tumorigenesis. Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 6 (SRSF6) is an important splicing factor that regulates the alternative splicing of hundreds of target genes, including many cancer-associated genes. The potential roles of SRSF6 in cancers have attracted increasing attentions in the past decade. Accumulated pieces of evidence have shown that SRSF6 is a potential oncogenic gene that promotes oncogenic splicing when overexpressed. Targeting SRSF6 may suppress tumorigenesis. In this review, we describe the gene, mRNA, and protein structure of SRSF6; summarize the current understanding of the expression, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of SRSF6 during tumorigenesis; and discuss the potential application of targeting SRSF6 in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Herrera-Calderón O, Calero-Armijos LL, Cardona-G W, Herrera-R A, Moreno G, Algarni MA, Alqarni M, El-Saber Batiha G. Phytochemical Screening of Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce) Woodson (Apocynaceae) Latex, In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Incision Wound Repair in Mice. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102197. [PMID: 34686006 PMCID: PMC8541601 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Himatanthus sucuuba, also known as "Bellaco caspi", is a medicinal plant whose latex, stem bark, and leaves possess phenolic acids, lupeol, β-dihydro-plumbericinic acid, plumericin, and plumeride, among other components. Some of these have been linked to such biological activities as antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical compounds of H. sucuuba latex, as well as its in vitro cytotoxicity and wound healing effect in mice. Latex was collected in the province of Iquitos, Peru. Phytochemical analysis was carried out with UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The cytotoxicity was evaluated on two colon tumor cell lines (SW480 and SW620) and non-malignant cells (human keratinocytes, HaCaT, and Chinese hamster ovary, CHO-K1). The mice were distributed into two groups, as follows: Group I-control (n = 10; without treatment); II-(n = 10) H. sucuuba latex; wounds were induced with a scalpel in the dorsal-cervical area and treatments were applied topically twice a day on the incision for 10 days. Molecular docking was carried out on the glycogen synthase kinase 3β protein. Twenty-four chemical compounds were determined, mainly flavonoid-type compounds. Latex did not have a cytotoxic effect on tumor cells with IC50 values of more than 500 µg/mL. The latex had a regenerative effect on wounds in mice. Acacetin-7-O-neohesperidoside had the best docking score of -9.9 kcal/mol. In conclusion, H. sucuuba latex had a wound healing effect in mice, as confirmed by histological study. However, a non-cytotoxic effect was observed on colon tumor cells SW480 and SW620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Herrera-Calderón
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology, Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. Puno 1002, Lima 15001, Peru;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-956-550-510
| | - Lisbeth Lucia Calero-Armijos
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology, Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jr. Puno 1002, Lima 15001, Peru;
| | - Wilson Cardona-G
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Calle 70 No. 52–21, Medellín 1226, Colombia; (W.C.-G.); (A.H.-R.); (G.M.)
| | - Angie Herrera-R
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Calle 70 No. 52–21, Medellín 1226, Colombia; (W.C.-G.); (A.H.-R.); (G.M.)
| | - Gustavo Moreno
- Química de Plantas Colombianas, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Calle 70 No. 52–21, Medellín 1226, Colombia; (W.C.-G.); (A.H.-R.); (G.M.)
| | - Majed A. Algarni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22515, Egypt;
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Pulido T, Velarde MC, Alimirah F. The senescence-associated secretory phenotype: Fueling a wound that never heals. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111561. [PMID: 34411604 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing is impaired with advanced age and certain chronic conditions, such as diabetes and obesity. Moreover, common cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation, can cause unintended tissue damage and impair wound healing. Available wound care treatments are not always effective, as some wounds fail to heal or recur after treatment. Hence, a more thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic, nonhealing wounds may offer new ideas for the development of effective wound care treatments. Cancers are sometimes referred to as wounds that never heal, sharing mechanisms similar to wound healing. We describe in this review how cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) contribute to chronic wounds versus cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Pulido
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, 94945, USA
| | - Michael C Velarde
- Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines.
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Shibuya T, Kamiyama A, Sawada H, Kikuchi K, Maruyama M, Sawado R, Ikeda N, Asano K, Kurotaki D, Tamura T, Yoneda A, Imada K, Satoh T, Akira S, Tanaka M, Yotsumoto S. Immunoregulatory Monocyte Subset Promotes Metastasis Associated With Therapeutic Intervention for Primary Tumor. Front Immunol 2021; 12:663115. [PMID: 34163472 PMCID: PMC8215602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.663115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic and local inflammation associated with therapeutic intervention of primary tumor occasionally promotes metastatic recurrence in mouse and human. However, it remains unclear what types of immune cells are involved in this process. Here, we found that the tissue-repair-promoting Ym1+Ly6Chi monocyte subset expanded as a result of systemic and local inflammation induced by intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide or resection of primary tumor and promoted lung metastasis originating from circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Deletion of this subset suppressed metastasis induced by the inflammation. Furthermore, transfer of Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes into naïve mice promoted lung metastasis in the mice. Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes highly expressed matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and CXCR4. MMP-9 inhibitor and CXCR4 antagonist decreased Ym1+Ly6Chi-monocyte-promoted lung metastasis. These findings indicate that Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes are therapeutic target cells for metastasis originating from CTCs associated with systemic and local inflammation. In addition, these findings provide a novel predictive cellular biomarker for metastatic recurrence after intervention for primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Shibuya
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Asami Kamiyama
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sawada
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Kenta Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Mayu Maruyama
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Rie Sawado
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Naoki Ikeda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yoneda
- Laboratory of Genome and Biosignals, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Keisuke Imada
- Center for Fundamental Laboratory Education, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Takashi Satoh
- Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yotsumoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Japan
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Yadav VK, Kumar A, Tripathi PP, Gupta J. Long noncoding RNAs in intestinal homeostasis, regeneration, and cancer. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7801-7813. [PMID: 33899236 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Signaling pathways that regulate homeostasis and regeneration are found to be deregulated in various human malignancies. Accordingly, attempts have been made to target them at the protein level with little success. However, studies using high-throughput sequencing technologies suggest that only about 2% of the genome translates into proteins, whereas about 75% of the genome is transcribed into noncoding RNAs. Among noncoding RNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have received tremendous attention in recent years as a crucial player in the regulation of almost all cellular processes involved in tissue homeostasis as well as in the development of various malignancies, including intestinal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that lncRNAs play an instrumental role in the regulation of intestinal stem cells, injury-induced regeneration, and initiation and progression of intestinal tumors. Here, we summarize the recently discovered lncRNAs during intestinal homeostasis, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. We further present lncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers in intestinal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin K Yadav
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, India
| | - Prem P Tripathi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), Kolkata, India.,IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence (IICB-TRUE), Kolkata, India
| | - Jalaj Gupta
- Department of Hematology, Stem Cell Research Center, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India
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Curcuma amarissima Extract Activates Growth and Survival Signal Transduction Networks to Stimulate Proliferation of Human Keratinocyte. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040289. [PMID: 33916174 PMCID: PMC8067174 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Like many plants in the family of Zingiberaceae, Curcuma amarissima has been traditionally used to induce healing and tissue regeneration. However, there is no scientific evidence to explain how Curcuma amarissima works to accelerate wound healing. Our data clearly proved that Curcuma amarissima extract could potentially accelerate the closure of scratch wounds of human keratinocytes by stimulating cell proliferation. The potential mechanisms underlying these effects were defined to be associated with the activated signal transduction pathways relevant to cell proliferation and survival. This strongly suggests the ability of Curcuma amarissima to enhance the process of keratinocyte reepithelization during wound healing. Our current study provides convincing evidence that supports the possibility to develop an effective wound-healing promoting agent from this plant. Abstract Many medicinal plants have been used to treat wounds. Here, we revealed the potential wound healing effects of Curcuma amarissima (CA). Our cell viability assay showed that CA extract increased the viability of HaCaT cells that were cultured in the absence of serum. This increase in cell viability was proved to be associated with the pharmacological activities of CA extract in inducing cell proliferation. To further define possible molecular mechanisms of action, we performed Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence study, and our data demonstrated that CA extract rapidly induced ERK1/2 and Akt activation. Consistently, CA extract accelerated cell migration, resulting in rapid healing of wounded human keratinocyte monolayer. Specifically, the CA-induced increase of cell monolayer wound healing was blocked by the MEK inhibitor (U0126) or the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002). Moreover, CA extract induced the expression of Mcl-1, which is an anti-apoptotic protein, supporting that CA extract enhances human keratinocyte survival. Taken together, our study provided convincing evidence that Curcuma amarissima can promote proliferation and survival of human keratinocyte through stimulating the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling cascades. These promising data emphasize the possibility to develop this plant as a wound healing agent for the potential application in regenerative medicine.
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Delacher M, Simon M, Sanderink L, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Wuttke M, Schambeck K, Schmidleithner L, Bittner S, Pant A, Ritter U, Hehlgans T, Riegel D, Schneider V, Groeber-Becker FK, Eigenberger A, Gebhard C, Strieder N, Fischer A, Rehli M, Hoffmann P, Edinger M, Strowig T, Huehn J, Schmidl C, Werner JM, Prantl L, Brors B, Imbusch CD, Feuerer M. Single-cell chromatin accessibility landscape identifies tissue repair program in human regulatory T cells. Immunity 2021; 54:702-720.e17. [PMID: 33789089 PMCID: PMC8050210 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Murine regulatory T (Treg) cells in tissues promote tissue homeostasis and regeneration. We sought to identify features that characterize human Treg cells with these functions in healthy tissues. Single-cell chromatin accessibility profiles of murine and human tissue Treg cells defined a conserved, microbiota-independent tissue-repair Treg signature with a prevailing footprint of the transcription factor BATF. This signature, combined with gene expression profiling and TCR fate mapping, identified a population of tissue-like Treg cells in human peripheral blood that expressed BATF, chemokine receptor CCR8 and HLA-DR. Human BATF+CCR8+ Treg cells from normal skin and adipose tissue shared features with nonlymphoid T follicular helper-like (Tfh-like) cells, and induction of a Tfh-like differentiation program in naive human Treg cells partially recapitulated tissue Treg regenerative characteristics, including wound healing potential. Human BATF+CCR8+ Treg cells from healthy tissue share features with tumor-resident Treg cells, highlighting the importance of understanding the context-specific functions of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Delacher
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany; Research Centre for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Malte Simon
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lieke Sanderink
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Core Facility Omics IT and Data management (ODCF), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marina Wuttke
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schambeck
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmidleithner
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bittner
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Asmita Pant
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Ritter
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hehlgans
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dania Riegel
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI)
| | - Verena Schneider
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine TERM, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLZ-RT, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kai Groeber-Becker
- University Hospital Würzburg, Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine TERM, 97070 Würzburg, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies TLZ-RT, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Eigenberger
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Alexander Fischer
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rehli
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Edinger
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jochen Huehn
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany; RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jens M Werner
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Brors
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles D Imbusch
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Feuerer
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI); Chair for Immunology, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Synthesis and evaluation of an alginate-methacrylate xerogel for insulin delivery towards wound healing applications. Ther Deliv 2021; 12:215-234. [PMID: 33715405 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2020-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alginate is one of the most widely used biopolymer for wound healing. But poor mechanical strength and degradability limits its application especially as a drug-delivery matrix. The aim of this study was to develop stable alginate based scaffold for insulin delivery toward wound care. Materials & methods: The xerogel alginate-g-poly (methacrylic acid; AGM2S) was characterized by various analytical techniques. Results: AGM2S xerogel showed improved physical stability, low degradation, good swelling and water vapour transmission rate (WVTR). About 70% of insulin was released from loaded xerogel over a period of 48 h and favorably modulated the healing response in in vitro scratch wound assay. Conclusion: Grafting improved the strength and stability of alginate xerogel and the results suggest the application of insulin loaded AGM2S xerogels as a potential wound healing material.
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Hegde A, Ananthan ASHP, Kashyap C, Ghosh S. Wound Healing by Keratinocytes: A Cytoskeletal Perspective. J Indian Inst Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Moreno R. Mesenchymal stem cells and oncolytic viruses: joining forces against cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e001684. [PMID: 33558278 PMCID: PMC7871674 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of oncolytic viruses (OVs) has increased significantly in the past 20 years, with many candidates entering clinical trials and three of them receiving approval for some indications. Recently, OVs have also gathered interest as candidates to use in combination with immunotherapies for cancer due to their immunogenic properties, which include immunogenic cell death and the possibility to carry therapeutic transgenes in their genomes. OVs transform non-immunogenic 'cold' tumors into inflamed immunogenic 'hot' tumors, where immunotherapies show the highest efficacy. However, in monotherapy or in combination with immunotherapy, OVs face numerous challenges that limit their successful application, in particular upon systemic administration, such as liver sequestration, neutralizing interactions in blood, physical barriers to infection, and fast clearance by the immune system. In this regard, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as cells carrier for OV delivery addresses many of these obstacles acting as virus carriers and factories, expressing additional transgenes, and modulating the immune system. Here, I review the current progress of OVs-loaded MSCs in cancer, focusing on their interaction with the immune system, and discuss new strategies to improve their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Moreno
- Virotherapy and immunotherapy group, ProCURE Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Cancer Virotherapy group, Oncobell Program, Institutd'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge - IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
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Differential Effects of Gold Nanoparticles and Ionizing Radiation on Cell Motility between Primary Human Colonic and Melanocytic Cells and Their Cancerous Counterparts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031418. [PMID: 33572551 PMCID: PMC7866826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and/or ionizing radiation (IR) on the viability and motility of human primary colon epithelial (CCD841) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (SW48) cells as well as human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEM) and melanoma (MM418-C1) cells. AuNPs up to 4 mM had no effect on the viability of these cell lines. The viability of the cancer cells was ~60% following exposure to 5 Gy. Exposure to 5 Gy X-rays or 1 mM AuNPs showed the migration of the cancer cells ~85% that of untreated controls, while co-treatment with AuNPs and IR decreased migration to ~60%. In the non-cancerous cell lines gap closure was enhanced by ~15% following 1 mM AuNPs or 5 Gy treatment, while for co-treatment it was ~22% greater than that for the untreated controls. AuNPs had no effect on cell re-adhesion, while IR enhanced only the re-adhesion of the cancer cell lines but not their non-cancerous counterparts. The addition of AuNPs did not enhance cell adherence. This different reaction to AuNPs and IR in the cancer and normal cells can be attributed to radiation-induced adhesiveness and metabolic differences between tumour cells and their non-cancerous counterparts.
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Goonoo N, Boodhun A, Ziman M, Gray E, Bhaw-Luximon A. Repurposing nano-enabled polymeric scaffolds for tumor-wound management and 3D tumor engineering. Regen Med 2020; 15:2229-2247. [PMID: 33284640 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The main challenges of cancer drugs are toxicity, effect on wound healing/patient outcome and in vivo instability. Polymeric scaffolds have been used separately for tissue regeneration in wound healing and as anticancer drug releasing devices. Bringing these two together in bifunctional scaffolds can provide a tool for postoperative local tumor management by promoting healthy tissue regrowth and to deliver anticancer drugs. Another addition to the versatility of polymeric scaffold is its recently discovered ability to act as 3D cell culture models for in vitro isolation and amplification of cancer cells for personalized drug screening and to recapitulate the tumor microenvironment. This review focuses on the repurposing of 3D polymeric scaffolds for local tumor-wound management and development of in vitro cell culture models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nowsheen Goonoo
- Biomaterials Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Ajmal Boodhun
- Biomaterials Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - Melanie Ziman
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Elin Gray
- School of Medical & Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Archana Bhaw-Luximon
- Biomaterials Drug Delivery & Nanotechnology Unit, Centre for Biomedical & Biomaterials Research, MSIRI Building, University of Mauritius, 80837 Réduit, Mauritius
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NÚÑez JG, Pinheiro JS, Padilha GL, Garcia HO, Porta V, Apel MA, Bruno AN. Antineoplastic potential and chemical evaluation of essential oils from leaves and flowers of Tagetes ostenii Hicken. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20191143. [PMID: 33174913 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020191143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast and cervical cancer represent a major problem of women's global public health. Here, we investigated the chemical composition of essential oils from leaves and flowers of T. ostenii and the antineoplastic potential in a cervical cancer and breast cancer cell line, SiHa and MCF-7; and non-tumoral cells, HaCat. The chemical analysis revealed a predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes in both essential oils. The IC50 after 24 h of treatment was 72 ng/mL for EO 1 and 83 ng/mL for EO 2 in SiHa cells. For MCF-7 the IC50 was 174.3 ng/mL for EO 1. For HaCat cells it was 54.45 ng/mL for EO 1 and 20.83 ng/mL for EO 2. A synergistic effect with both essential oils and cisplatin was also verified. SiHa cells had their wound healing capacity reduced after 48 h of treatment with EO 2 and both essential oils were able to significantly inhibit the adhesion process and clonogenic ability after 24 h of treatment. Our results suggest a long-lasting inhibitory activity in SiHa cells because of the low recovery capacity of cells after treatment withdrawal. Flow cytometer with annexin V/propidium iodide demonstrated a majority cell death through late apoptosis after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisette G NÚÑez
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Coronel Vicente, 281, Centro, 90030-041 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - JordÂnia S Pinheiro
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Coronel Vicente, 281, Centro, 90030-041 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo L Padilha
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Santana, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helana O Garcia
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Coronel Vicente, 281, Centro, 90030-041 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - VitÓria Porta
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Coronel Vicente, 281, Centro, 90030-041 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Miriam A Apel
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Centro Histórico, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra N Bruno
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Campus Porto Alegre, Coronel Vicente, 281, Centro, 90030-041 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Lee CH, Liu KS, Cheng CW, Chan EC, Hung KC, Hsieh MJ, Chang SH, Fu X, Juang JH, Hsieh IC, Wen MS, Liu SJ. Codelivery of Sustainable Antimicrobial Agents and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor via Biodegradable Nanofibers for Repair of Diabetic Infectious Wounds. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:2688-2697. [PMID: 32902952 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
More than half of diabetic wounds demonstrate clinical signs of infection at presentation and lead to poor outcomes. This work develops coaxial sheath-core nanofibrous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffolds that are loaded with bioactive antibiotics and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) for the repair of diabetic infectious wounds. PDGF and PLGA/antibiotic solutions were pumped, respectively, into two independent capillary tubings for coaxial electrospinning to prepare biodegradable sheath-core nanofibers. Spun nanofibrous scaffolds sustainably released PDGF, vancomycin, and gentamicin for 3 weeks. The scaffolds also reduced the phosphatase and tensin homologue content, enhanced the amount of angiogenesis marker (CD31) around the wound area, and accelerated healing in the early stage of infected diabetic wound repair. Antibiotic/biomolecule-loaded PLGA nanofibers may provide a very effective way to aid tissue regeneration at the sites of infected diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Sheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Err-Cheng Chan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Hsieh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Xuebin Fu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jyuhn-Huarng Juang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Hsieh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jung Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Tao-Yuan 33305, Taiwan
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Macpherson AM, Barry SC, Ricciardelli C, Oehler MK. Epithelial Ovarian Cancer and the Immune System: Biology, Interactions, Challenges and Potential Advances for Immunotherapy. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2967. [PMID: 32937961 PMCID: PMC7564553 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the understanding of immune function and the interactions with tumour cells have led to the development of various cancer immunotherapies and strategies for specific cancer types. However, despite some stunning successes with some malignancies such as melanomas and lung cancer, most patients receive little or no benefit from immunotherapy, which has been attributed to the tumour microenvironment and immune evasion. Although the US Food and Drug Administration have approved immunotherapies for some cancers, to date, only the anti-angiogenic antibody bevacizumab is approved for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer. Immunotherapeutic strategies for ovarian cancer are still under development and being tested in numerous clinical trials. A detailed understanding of the interactions between cancer and the immune system is vital for optimisation of immunotherapies either alone or when combined with chemotherapy and other therapies. This article, in two main parts, provides an overview of: (1) components of the normal immune system and current knowledge regarding tumour immunology, biology and their interactions; (2) strategies, and targets, together with challenges and potential innovative approaches for cancer immunotherapy, with attention given to epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M. Macpherson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (A.M.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Simon C. Barry
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia;
| | - Carmela Ricciardelli
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (A.M.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Martin K. Oehler
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (A.M.M.); (C.R.)
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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50
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Sorrentino G, Perino A, Yildiz E, El Alam G, Bou Sleiman M, Gioiello A, Pellicciari R, Schoonjans K. Bile Acids Signal via TGR5 to Activate Intestinal Stem Cells and Epithelial Regeneration. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:956-968.e8. [PMID: 32485177 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Renewal and patterning of the intestinal epithelium is coordinated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs); dietary and metabolic factors provide signals to the niche that control ISC activity. Bile acids (BAs), metabolites in the gut, signal nutrient availability by activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1, also called TGR5). TGR5 is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, but it is not clear how its activation affects ISCs and regeneration of the intestinal epithelium. We studied the role of BAs and TGR5 in intestinal renewal, and regulation of ISC function in mice and intestinal organoids. METHODS We derived intestinal organoids from wild-type mice and Tgr5-/- mice, incubated them with BAs or the TGR5 agonist INT-777, and monitored ISC function by morphologic analyses and colony-forming assays. We disrupted Tgr5 specifically in Lgr5-positive ISCs in mice (Tgr5ISC-/- mice) and analyzed ISC number, proliferation, and differentiation by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and organoid assays. Tgr5ISC-/- mice were given cholecystokinin; we measured the effects of BA release into the intestinal lumen and on cell renewal. We induced colitis in Tgr5ISC-/- mice by administration of dextran sulfate sodium; disease severity was determined based on body weight, colon length, and histopathology analysis of colon biopsies. RESULTS BAs and TGR5 agonists promoted growth of intestinal organoids. Administration of cholecystokinin to mice resulted in acute release of BAs into the intestinal lumen and increased proliferation of the intestinal epithelium. BAs and Tgr5 expression in ISCs were required for homeostatic intestinal epithelial renewal and fate specification, and for regeneration after colitis induction. Tgr5ISC-/- mice developed more severe colitis than mice without Tgr5 disruption in ISCs. ISCs incubated with INT-777 increased activation of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and of its upstream regulator SRC. Inhibitors of YAP1 and SRC prevented organoid growth induced by TGR5 activation. CONCLUSIONS BAs promote regeneration of the intestinal epithelium via activation of TGR5 in ISCs, resulting in activation of SRC and YAP and activation of their target genes. Release of endogenous BAs in the intestinal lumen is sufficient to promote ISC renewal and drives regeneration in response to injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sorrentino
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Perino
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ece Yildiz
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gaby El Alam
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Antimo Gioiello
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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