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Li H, Zhu J, Liu X, Liu L, Huang S, Wu A, Xu Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Ni F, Liu L, Dong J. Glioma stem cell-derived exosomes induce the transformation of astrocytes via the miR-3065-5p/DLG2 signaling axis. Glia 2024; 72:857-871. [PMID: 38234042 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs) in the glioblastoma microenvironment play an important role in tumor development and malignant progression initiated by glioma stem cells (GSCs). In the current study, normal human astrocytes (NHAs) were cultured and continuously treated with GSC-derived exosomes (GSC-EXOs) induction to explore the mechanism by which GSCs affect astrocyte remodeling. This study revealed that GSC-EXOs can induce the transformation of NHAs into TAAs, with relatively swollen cell bodies and multiple extended processes. In addition, high proliferation, elevated resistance to temozolomide (TMZ), and increased expression of TAA-related markers (TGF-β, CD44, and tenascin-C) were observed in the TAAs. Furthermore, GSC-derived exosomal miR-3065-5p could be delivered to NHAs, and miR-3065-5p levels increased significantly in TAAs, as verified by miRNA expression profile sequencing and Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Overexpression of miR-3065-5p also enhanced NHA proliferation, elevated resistance to TMZ, and increased the expression levels of TAA-related markers. In addition, both GSC-EXO-induced and miR-3065-5p-overexpressing NHAs promoted tumorigenesis of GSCs in vivo. Discs Large Homolog 2 (DLG2, downregulated in glioblastoma) is a direct downstream target of miR-3065-5p in TAAs, and DLG2 overexpression could partially reverse the transformation of NHAs into TAAs. Collectively, these data demonstrate that GSC-EXOs induce the transformation of NHAs into TAAs via the miR-3065-5p/DLG2 signaling axis and that TAAs can further promote the tumorigenesis of GSCs. Thus, precisely blocking the interactions between astrocytes and GSCs via exosomes may be a novel strategy to inhibit glioblastoma development, but more in-depth mechanistic studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinglei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shilu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Anyi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengyang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Lin WD, Liu TY, Chen YC, Chou IC, Tsai FJ. Genome-wide association study identifies DRAM1 associated with Tourette syndrome in Taiwan. Biomed J 2024:100725. [PMID: 38608873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2024.100725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. Several susceptibility loci associated with TS have been identified previously in populations of European descent using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, the exact pathogenic mechanism underlying TS is unknown; additionally, the results of previous GWAS for TS were based on Western populations, which may not translate to other populations. Therefore, we conducted a GWAS in Taiwanese patients with TS and chronic tic disorders (CTDs), with an aim to elucidate the genetic basis and potential risk factors for TS in this population. METHODS GWAS was performed on a Taiwanese TS/CTDs cohort with a sample size of 1,007 patients with TS and 25,522 ancestry-matched controls. Additionally, polygenic risk score was calculated and assessed. RESULTS Genome-wide significant locus, rs12313062 (p=1.43 × 10-8) and other 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms, were identified in chromosomes 12q23.2, associated with DRAM1 and was a novel susceptibility locus identified in TS/CTDs group. DRAM1, a lysosomal transmembrane protein regulated by p53, modulates autophagy and apoptosis, with potential implications for neuropsychiatric conditions associated with autophagy disruption. CONCLUSIONS This study conducted the first GWAS for TS in a Taiwanese population, identifying a significant locus on chromosome 12q23.2 associated with DRAM1. These findings provide novel insights into the neurobiology of TS and potential directions for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-De Lin
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yuan Liu
- Million-person precision medicine initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Chen
- Million-person precision medicine initiative, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Ching Chou
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Fuu-Jen Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Genetics and Metabolism, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Chen Y, Karaca E, Robin NH, Goodloe D, Al-Beshri A, Dean SJ, Hurst ACE, Carroll AJ, Mikhail FM. DLG2 intragenic exonic deletions reinforce the link to neurodevelopmental disorders and suggest a potential association with congenital anomalies and dysmorphism. Genet Med 2024; 26:101010. [PMID: 37860969 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Multiple studies suggest an association between DLG2 and neurodevelopmental disorders and indicate the haploinsufficiency of this gene; however, few cases have been thoroughly described. We performed additional studies to confirm this clinical association and DLG2 haploinsufficiency. METHODS Chromosomal microarray analysis was performed on 11,107 patients at the Cytogenetics Laboratory at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. The Database of Genomic Variants-Gold Standard Variants and the Genome Aggregation Database were selected for the association analysis. Fifty-nine patients from the literature and DECIPHER, all having DLG2 intragenic deletions, were included for comprehensive analysis of the distribution of these deletions. RESULTS A total of 13 patients with DLG2 intragenic deletions, from 10 families in our cohort, were identified. Nine of 10 probands presented with clinical features of neurodevelopmental disorders. Congenital anomalies and dysmorphism were common in our cohort of patients. Association analysis showed that the frequency of DLG2 deletions in our cohort is significantly higher than those in the Database of Genomic Variants-Gold Standard Variants and the Genome Aggregation Database. Most of DLG2 intragenic deletions identified in 69 unrelated patients from our cohort, the literature, and DECIPHER map to the 5' region of the gene, with a hotspot centered around HPin7, exon 8, and HPin8. CONCLUSION Our findings reinforce the link between DLG2 intragenic deletions and neurodevelopmental disorders, strongly support the haploinsufficiency of this gene, and indicate that these deletions might also have an association with congenital anomalies and dysmorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Chen
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Pathology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Texas A&M School of Medicine, Dallas, TX
| | - Nathaniel H Robin
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Dana Goodloe
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Ali Al-Beshri
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - S Joy Dean
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Anna C E Hurst
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Andrew J Carroll
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Fady M Mikhail
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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Griesius S, Waldron S, Kamenish KA, Cherbanich N, Wilkinson LS, Thomas KL, Hall J, Mellor JR, Dwyer DM, Robinson ESJ. A mild impairment in reversal learning in a bowl-digging substrate deterministic task but not other cognitive tests in the Dlg2+/- rat model of genetic risk for psychiatric disorder. GENES, BRAIN, AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 22:e12865. [PMID: 37705179 PMCID: PMC10733576 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Variations in the Dlg2 gene have been linked to increased risk for psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and pubertal disorders. Recent studies have reported disrupted brain circuit function and behaviour in models of Dlg2 knockout and haploinsufficiency. Specifically, deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity were found in heterozygous Dlg2+/- rats suggesting impacts on hippocampal dependent learning and cognitive flexibility. Here, we tested these predicted effects with a behavioural characterisation of the heterozygous Dlg2+/- rat model. Dlg2+/- rats exhibited a specific, mild impairment in reversal learning in a substrate deterministic bowl-digging reversal learning task. The performance of Dlg2+/- rats in other bowl digging task, visual discrimination and reversal, novel object preference, novel location preference, spontaneous alternation, modified progressive ratio, and novelty-suppressed feeding test were not impaired. These findings suggest that despite altered brain circuit function, behaviour across different domains is relatively intact in Dlg2+/- rats, with the deficits being specific to only one test of cognitive flexibility. The specific behavioural phenotype seen in this Dlg2+/- model may capture features of the clinical presentation associated with variation in the Dlg2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simonas Griesius
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University WalkBristolUK
| | - Sophie Waldron
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, PsychologyCardiffUK
- Department of PsychologyCardiffUK
| | - Katie A. Kamenish
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University WalkBristolUK
| | - Nick Cherbanich
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University WalkBristolUK
| | - Lawrence S. Wilkinson
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, PsychologyCardiffUK
- Department of PsychologyCardiffUK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Schools of Medicine and Genetics and Genomics, Schools of Medicine and PsychologyCardiffUK
| | - Kerrie L. Thomas
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, PsychologyCardiffUK
- Department of Medicine and PsychologyCardiffUK
| | - Jeremy Hall
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, PsychologyCardiffUK
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Schools of Medicine and Genetics and Genomics, Schools of Medicine and PsychologyCardiffUK
- Department of Medicine and PsychologyCardiffUK
| | - Jack R. Mellor
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University WalkBristolUK
| | - Dominic M. Dwyer
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, PsychologyCardiffUK
- Department of PsychologyCardiffUK
| | - Emma S. J. Robinson
- Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, University WalkBristolUK
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Veneruso I, Ranieri A, Falcone N, Tripodi L, Scarano C, La Monica I, Pastore L, Lombardo B, D’Argenio V. The Potential Usefulness of the Expanded Carrier Screening to Identify Hereditary Genetic Diseases: A Case Report from Real-World Data. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1651. [PMID: 37628702 PMCID: PMC10454493 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Expanded carrier screening (ECS) means a comprehensive genetic analysis to evaluate an individual's carrier status. ECS is becoming more frequently used, thanks to the availability of techniques such as next generation sequencing (NGS) and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH), allowing for extensive genome-scale analyses. Here, we report the case of a couple who underwent ECS for a case of autism spectrum disorder in the male partner family. aCGH and whole-exome sequencing (WES) were performed in the couple. aCGH analysis identified in the female partner two deletions involving genes associated to behavioral and neurodevelopment disorders. No clinically relevant alterations were identified in the husband. Interestingly, WES analysis identified in the male partner a pathogenic variant in the LPL gene that is emerging as a novel candidate gene for autism. This case shows that ECS may be useful in clinical contexts, especially when both the partners are analyzed before conception, thus allowing the estimation of their risk to transmit an inherited condition. On the other side, there are several concerns related to possible incidental findings and difficult-to-interpret results. Once these limits are defined by the establishment of specific guidelines, ECS may have a greater diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda Veneruso
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Falcone
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Tripodi
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Scarano
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria La Monica
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, via G. Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
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Pedigree-based study to identify GOLGB1 as a risk gene for bipolar disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:390. [PMID: 36115840 PMCID: PMC9482626 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex psychiatric disorder with strong heritability. Identification of new BD risk genes will help determine the mechanism underlying disease pathogenesis. In the present study, we carried out whole genome sequencing for a Chinese BD family with three affected members and three unaffected members, and identified multiple candidate causal variations, including a frameshift mutation in the GOLGB1 gene. Since a GOLGB1 missense mutation was also found in another BD pedigree, we carried out functional studies by downregulating Golgb1 expression in the brain of neonatal mice. Golgb1 deficiency had no effect on anxiety, memory, and social behaviors in young adult mice. However, we found that young adult mice with Golgb1 deficiency exhibited elevated locomotor activity and decreased depressive behaviors in the tail suspension test and the sucrose preference test, but increased depressive behaviors in the forced swim test, resembling the dual character of BD patients with both mania and depression. Moreover, Golgb1 downregulation reduced PSD93 levels and Akt phosphorylation in the brain. Together, our results indicate that GOLGB1 is a strong BD risk gene candidate whose deficiency may result in BD phenotypes possibly through affecting PSD93 and PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Bertini V, Milone R, Cristofani P, Cambi F, Bosetti C, Barbieri F, Bertelloni S, Cioni G, Valetto A, Battini R. Enhancing DLG2 Implications in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Analysis of a Cohort of Eight Patients with 11q14.1 Imbalances. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050859. [PMID: 35627244 PMCID: PMC9140951 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are considered synaptopathies, as they are due to anomalies in neuronal connectivity during development. DLG2 is a gene involved insynaptic function; the phenotypic effect of itsalterations in NDDs has been underestimated since few cases have been thoroughly described.We report on eight patients with 11q14.1 imbalances involving DLG2, underlining its potential effects on clinical presentation and its contribution to NDD comorbidity by accurate neuropsychiatric data collection. DLG2 is a very large gene in 11q14.1, extending over 2.172 Mb, with alternative splicing that gives rise to numerous isoforms differentially expressed in brain tissues. A thorough bioinformatic analysis of the altered transcripts was conducted for each patient. The different expression profiles of the isoforms of this gene and their influence on the excitatory–inhibitory balance in crucial brain structures could contribute to the phenotypic variability related to DLG2 alterations. Further studies on patients would be helpful to enrich clinical and neurodevelopmental findings and elucidate the molecular mechanisms subtended to NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bertini
- Cytogenetic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Univeristaria Pisana, Via Roma 57, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Roberta Milone
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Paola Cristofani
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Francesca Cambi
- Cytogenetic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Univeristaria Pisana, Via Roma 57, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Bosetti
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Filippo Barbieri
- Mental Health Department, ASL Toscana Nordovest, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Silvano Bertelloni
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 57, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Cioni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Valetto
- Cytogenetic Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero-Univeristaria Pisana, Via Roma 57, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (V.B.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberta Battini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56125 Pisa, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.); (C.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy
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