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Cardenas T, Naoki K, Landivar CM, Struelens Q, Gómez MI, Meneses RI, Cauvy‐Fraunié S, Anthelme F, Dangles O. Glacier influence on bird assemblages in habitat islands of the high Bolivian Andes. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Cardenas
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Kazuya Naoki
- Instituto de Ecología Universidad Mayor de San Andrés La Paz Bolivia
| | | | - Quentin Struelens
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Paris France
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Olivier Dangles
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
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A global synthesis of biodiversity responses to glacier retreat. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:1675-1685. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-1042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Struelens Q, Gonzales Pomar K, Loza Herrera S, Nina Huanca G, Dangles O, Rebaudo F. Market access and community size influence pastoral management of native and exotic livestock species: A case study in communities of the Cordillera Real in Bolivia's high Andean wetlands. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189409. [PMID: 29228062 PMCID: PMC5724826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Grazing areas management is of utmost importance in the Andean region. In the valleys of the Bolivian Cordillera Real near La Paz, pastoralism constitutes the traditional way for people to insure food security and economical sustainability. In these harsh mountains, unique and productive wetlands sustained by glacial water streams are of utmost importance for feeding cattle herds during the dry season. After the colonization by the Spanish, a shift in livestock species has been observed, with the introduction of exotic species such as cows and sheep, resulting in a different impact on pastures compared to native camelid species-llamas and alpacas. Here we explored some of the social-economical and environmental drivers that motivate Bolivian pastoralists to prefer exotic over native livestock species, based on 36 household surveys in the Cordillera Real. We constructed a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model in order to assess the relationships between these drivers. Our results suggest that the access to market influenced pastoralists to reshape their herd composition, by increasing the number of sheep. They also suggest that community size increased daily grazing time in pastures, therefore intensifying the grazing pressure. At a broader scale, this study highlights the effects of some social-economical and environmental drivers on mountain herding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Struelens
- UMR EGCE, UnivParisSud, CNRS, IRD, ParisSaclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Centro de Análisis Espacial, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Karina Gonzales Pomar
- Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Centro de Postgrado en Ecología y Conservación, Instituto de Ecologia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Susi Loza Herrera
- Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Centro de Postgrado en Ecología y Conservación, Instituto de Ecologia, La Paz, Bolivia
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Convenio IE-MNHN, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Gaby Nina Huanca
- Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, Centro de Postgrado en Ecología y Conservación, Instituto de Ecologia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Olivier Dangles
- UMR EGCE, UnivParisSud, CNRS, IRD, ParisSaclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - François Rebaudo
- UMR EGCE, UnivParisSud, CNRS, IRD, ParisSaclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Centro de Análisis Espacial, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
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Dangles O, Rabatel A, Kraemer M, Zeballos G, Soruco A, Jacobsen D, Anthelme F. Ecosystem sentinels for climate change? Evidence of wetland cover changes over the last 30 years in the tropical Andes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175814. [PMID: 28542172 PMCID: PMC5443494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the impacts of climate change on individual species and communities have been well documented there is little evidence on climate-mediated changes for entire ecosystems. Pristine alpine environments can provide unique insights into natural, physical and ecological response to climate change yet broad scale and long-term studies on these potential 'ecosystem sentinels' are scarce. We addressed this issue by examining cover changes of 1689 high-elevation wetlands (temporarily or perennial water-saturated grounds) in the Bolivian Cordillera Real, a region that has experienced significant warming and glacier melting over the last 30 years. We combined high spatial resolution satellite images from PLEIADES with the long-term images archive from LANDSAT to 1) examine environmental factors (e.g., glacier cover, wetland and watershed size) that affected wetland cover changes, and 2) identify wetlands' features that affect their vulnerability (using habitat drying as a proxy) in the face of climate change. Over the (1984-2011) period, our data showed an increasing trend in the mean wetland total area and number, mainly related to the appearance of wet grassland patches during the wetter years. Wetland cover also showed high inter-annual variability and their area for a given year was positively correlated to precipitation intensities in the three months prior to the image date. Also, round wetlands located in highly glacierized catchments were less prone to drying, while relatively small wetlands with irregularly shaped contours suffered the highest rates of drying over the last three decades. High Andean wetlands can therefore be considered as ecosystem sentinels for climate change, as they seem sensitive to glacier melting. Beyond the specific focus of this study, our work illustrates how satellite-based monitoring of ecosystem sentinels can help filling the lack of information on the ecological consequences of current and changing climate conditions, a common and crucial issue especially in less-developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Dangles
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EGCE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Quito, Ecuador
- Unidad de Limnología, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- * E-mail:
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Grenoble, France
| | - Martin Kraemer
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EGCE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Gabriel Zeballos
- Escuela Militar de Ingeniería, Carrera de Ingeniería Geográfica, Bajo Irpavi, La Paz, Bolivia
- Department of Geography, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Soruco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas y del Medio Ambiente (IGEMA), Campus Universitario UMSA
| | - Dean Jacobsen
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Biology Department, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université Montpellier, France
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Seimon TA, Seimon A, Yager K, Reider K, Delgado A, Sowell P, Tupayachi A, Konecky B, McAloose D, Halloy S. Long-term monitoring of tropical alpine habitat change, Andean anurans, and chytrid fungus in the Cordillera Vilcanota, Peru: Results from a decade of study. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:1527-1540. [PMID: 28261462 PMCID: PMC5330894 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cordillera Vilcanota in southern Peru is the second largest glacierized range in the tropics and home to one of the largest high‐alpine lakes, Sibinacocha (4,860 m). Here, Telmatobius marmoratus (marbled water frog), Rhinella spinulosa (Andean toad), and Pleurodema marmoratum (marbled four‐eyed frog) have expanded their range vertically within the past century to inhabit newly formed ponds created by ongoing deglaciation. These anuran populations, geographically among the highest (5,200–5,400 m) recorded globally, are being impacted by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), and the disease it causes, chytridiomycosis. In this study, we report results from over a decade of monitoring these three anuran species, their habitat, and Bd infection status. Our observations reveal dynamic changes in habitat including ongoing rapid deglaciation (18.4 m/year widening of a corridor between retreating glaciers from 2005 to 2015), new pond formation, changes in vegetation in amphibian habitat, and widespread occurrence of Bd in amphibians in seven sites. Three of these sites have tested positive for Bd over a 9‐ to 12‐year period. In addition, we observed a widespread reduction in T. marmoratus encounters in the Vilcanota in 2008, 2009, and 2012, while encounters increased in 2013 and 2015. Despite the rapid and dynamic changes in habitat under a warming climate, continued presence of Bd in the environment for over a decade, and a reduction in one of three anuran species, we document that these anurans continue to breed and survive in this high Andean environment. High variability in anuran encounters across sites and plasticity in these populations across habitats, sites, and years are all factors that could favor repopulation postdecline. Preserving the connectivity of wetlands in the Cordillera Vilcanota is therefore essential in ensuring that anurans continue to breed and adapt as climate change continues to reshape the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie A. Seimon
- Wildlife Conservation SocietyZoological Health ProgramBronxNYUSA
| | - Anton Seimon
- Department of Geography and PlanningAppalachian State UniversityBooneNCUSA
| | - Karina Yager
- School of Marine and Atmospheric SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA
| | - Kelsey Reider
- Department of Biological SciencesFlorida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA
| | - Amanda Delgado
- Museo de Historia NaturalUniversidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del CuscoCuscoPeru
| | | | | | - Bronwen Konecky
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - Denise McAloose
- Wildlife Conservation SocietyZoological Health ProgramBronxNYUSA
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