1
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Carteron A, Cantera I, Guerrieri A, Marta S, Bonin A, Ambrosini R, Anthelme F, Azzoni RS, Almond P, Alviz Gazitúa P, Cauvy-Fraunié S, Ceballos Lievano JL, Chand P, Chand Sharma M, Clague JJ, Cochachín Rapre JA, Compostella C, Cruz Encarnación R, Dangles O, Eger A, Erokhin S, Franzetti A, Gielly L, Gili F, Gobbi M, Hågvar S, Khedim N, Meneses RI, Peyre G, Pittino F, Rabatel A, Urseitova N, Yang Y, Zaginaev V, Zerboni A, Zimmer A, Taberlet P, Diolaiuti GA, Poulenard J, Thuiller W, Caccianiga M, Ficetola GF. Dynamics and drivers of mycorrhizal fungi after glacier retreat. New Phytol 2024; 242:1739-1752. [PMID: 38581206 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The development of terrestrial ecosystems depends greatly on plant mutualists such as mycorrhizal fungi. The global retreat of glaciers exposes nutrient-poor substrates in extreme environments and provides a unique opportunity to study early successions of mycorrhizal fungi by assessing their dynamics and drivers. We combined environmental DNA metabarcoding and measurements of local conditions to assess the succession of mycorrhizal communities during soil development in 46 glacier forelands around the globe, testing whether dynamics and drivers differ between mycorrhizal types. Mycorrhizal fungi colonized deglaciated areas very quickly (< 10 yr), with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi tending to become more diverse through time compared to ectomycorrhizal fungi. Both alpha- and beta-diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were significantly related to time since glacier retreat and plant communities, while microclimate and primary productivity were more important for ectomycorrhizal fungi. The richness and composition of mycorrhizal communities were also significantly explained by soil chemistry, highlighting the importance of microhabitat for community dynamics. The acceleration of ice melt and the modifications of microclimate forecasted by climate change scenarios are expected to impact the diversity of mycorrhizal partners. These changes could alter the interactions underlying biotic colonization and belowground-aboveground linkages, with multifaceted impacts on soil development and associated ecological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Carteron
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Université de Toulouse, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de PURPAN, UMR INRAE-INPT DYNAFOR, Toulouse, 31076, France
| | - Isabel Cantera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia Guerrieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, 354 Voie Magellan, 73800, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Silvio Marta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, CNR, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurélie Bonin
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, 354 Voie Magellan, 73800, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, 34398, France
| | - Roberto Sergio Azzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 34, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Peter Almond
- Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Pablo Alviz Gazitúa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, CW76+76, Osorno, Chile
| | | | | | - Pritam Chand
- Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, VPO-Ghudda, Bathinda, 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Milap Chand Sharma
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development - School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, 110067, New Delhi, India
| | - John J Clague
- Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | | | - Chiara Compostella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 34, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Dangles
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Andre Eger
- Mannaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Soils and Landscapes, 54 Gerald St., Lincoln, 7608, New Zealand
| | - Sergey Erokhin
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Frunze, 533, 720033, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Ludovic Gielly
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrizio Gili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Gobbi
- Research and Museum Collections Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Science Museum, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza, 3, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Sigmund Hågvar
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Universitetstunet 3, 1433, Ås, Norway
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, 9006, Norway
| | - Norine Khedim
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Université Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, F-73000, Chambéry, France
| | - Rosa Isela Meneses
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia: La Paz, FW6J+RP2, La Paz, Bolivia
- Universidad Católica del Norte, 8HCR+94, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Gwendolyn Peyre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Andes, 111711, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Francesca Pittino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milano, Italy
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Nurai Urseitova
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Frunze, 533, 720033, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Vitalii Zaginaev
- Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, Toktogula 125/1, 720001, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Zerboni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 34, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Anaïs Zimmer
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, 9006, Norway
| | - Guglielmina Adele Diolaiuti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Jerome Poulenard
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Université Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, F-73000, Chambéry, France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 10, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, F-38000, Grenoble, France
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Cantera I, Carteron A, Guerrieri A, Marta S, Bonin A, Ambrosini R, Anthelme F, Azzoni RS, Almond P, Alviz Gazitúa P, Cauvy-Fraunié S, Ceballos Lievano JL, Chand P, Chand Sharma M, Clague J, Cochachín Rapre JA, Compostella C, Cruz Encarnación R, Dangles O, Eger A, Erokhin S, Franzetti A, Gielly L, Gili F, Gobbi M, Hågvar S, Khedim N, Meneses RI, Peyre G, Pittino F, Rabatel A, Urseitova N, Yang Y, Zaginaev V, Zerboni A, Zimmer A, Taberlet P, Diolaiuti GA, Poulenard J, Thuiller W, Caccianiga M, Ficetola GF. The importance of species addition 'versus' replacement varies over succession in plant communities after glacier retreat. Nat Plants 2024; 10:256-267. [PMID: 38233559 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying plant succession remain highly debated. Due to the local scope of most studies, we lack a global quantification of the relative importance of species addition 'versus' replacement. We assessed the role of these processes in the variation (β-diversity) of plant communities colonizing the forelands of 46 retreating glaciers worldwide, using both environmental DNA and traditional surveys. Our findings indicate that addition and replacement concur in determining community changes in deglaciated sites, but their relative importance varied over time. Taxa addition dominated immediately after glacier retreat, as expected in harsh environments, while replacement became more important for late-successional communities. These changes were aligned with total β-diversity changes, which were more pronounced between early-successional communities than between late-successional communities (>50 yr since glacier retreat). Despite the complexity of community assembly during plant succession, the observed global pattern suggests a generalized shift from the dominance of facilitation and/or stochastic processes in early-successional communities to a predominance of competition later on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Cantera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Alexis Carteron
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Université de Toulouse, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan, UMR INRAE-INPT DYNAFOR, Toulouse, France
| | - Alessia Guerrieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Silvio Marta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurélie Bonin
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- Laboratory AMAP, IRD, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier, France
| | - Roberto Sergio Azzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Milano, Italy
| | - Peter Almond
- Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Pablo Alviz Gazitúa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | | | | | - Pritam Chand
- Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, VPO- Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Milap Chand Sharma
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development - School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - John Clague
- Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Olivier Dangles
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Andre Eger
- Mannaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Soils and Landscapes, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Sergey Erokhin
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), - University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Ludovic Gielly
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrizio Gili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Gobbi
- Research and Museum Collections Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Science Museum, Trento, Italy
| | - Sigmund Hågvar
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Norine Khedim
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Rosa Isela Meneses
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia: La Paz, La Paz, Bolivia
- Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Gwendolyn Peyre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Francesca Pittino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), - University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), Grenoble, France
| | - Nurai Urseitova
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Vitalii Zaginaev
- Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Zerboni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra 'Ardito Desio', Milano, Italy
| | - Anaïs Zimmer
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Jerome Poulenard
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
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Guerrieri A, Cantera I, Marta S, Bonin A, Carteron A, Ambrosini R, Caccianiga M, Anthelme F, Azzoni RS, Almond P, Alviz Gazitúa P, Cauvy-Fraunié S, Ceballos Lievano JL, Chand P, Chand Sharma M, Clague J, Cochachín Rapre JA, Compostella C, Cruz Encarnación R, Dangles O, Deline P, Eger A, Erokhin S, Franzetti A, Gielly L, Gili F, Gobbi M, Hågvar S, Khedim N, Meneses RI, Peyre G, Pittino F, Proietto A, Rabatel A, Urseitova N, Yang Y, Zaginaev V, Zerboni A, Zimmer A, Taberlet P, Diolaiuti GA, Poulenard J, Fontaneto D, Thuiller W, Ficetola GF. Local climate modulates the development of soil nematode communities after glacier retreat. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17057. [PMID: 38273541 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide retreat of glaciers is causing a faster than ever increase in ice-free areas that are leading to the emergence of new ecosystems. Understanding the dynamics of these environments is critical to predicting the consequences of climate change on mountains and at high latitudes. Climatic differences between regions of the world could modulate the emergence of biodiversity and functionality after glacier retreat, yet global tests of this hypothesis are lacking. Nematodes are the most abundant soil animals, with keystone roles in ecosystem functioning, but the lack of global-scale studies limits our understanding of how the taxonomic and functional diversity of nematodes changes during the colonization of proglacial landscapes. We used environmental DNA metabarcoding to characterize nematode communities of 48 glacier forelands from five continents. We assessed how different facets of biodiversity change with the age of deglaciated terrains and tested the hypothesis that colonization patterns are different across forelands with different climatic conditions. Nematodes colonized ice-free areas almost immediately. Both taxonomic and functional richness quickly increased over time, but the increase in nematode diversity was modulated by climate, so that colonization started earlier in forelands with mild summer temperatures. Colder forelands initially hosted poor communities, but the colonization rate then accelerated, eventually leveling biodiversity differences between climatic regimes in the long term. Immediately after glacier retreat, communities were dominated by colonizer taxa with short generation time and r-ecological strategy but community composition shifted through time, with increased frequency of more persister taxa with K-ecological strategy. These changes mostly occurred through the addition of new traits instead of their replacement during succession. The effects of local climate on nematode colonization led to heterogeneous but predictable patterns around the world that likely affect soil communities and overall ecosystem development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Guerrieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Isabel Cantera
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvio Marta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aurélie Bonin
- Argaly, Bâtiment CleanSpace, Sainte-Hélène-du-Lac, France
| | - Alexis Carteron
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Caccianiga
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- Laboratory AMAP, IRD, University of Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier, France
| | - Roberto Sergio Azzoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "Ardito Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Peter Almond
- Department of Soil and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Pablo Alviz Gazitúa
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile
| | | | | | - Pritam Chand
- Department of Geography, School of Environment and Earth Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Milap Chand Sharma
- Centre for the Study of Regional Development - School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - John Clague
- Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Chiara Compostella
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "Ardito Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Dangles
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Philip Deline
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Andre Eger
- Mannaki Whenua - Landcare Research, Soils and Landscapes, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Sergey Erokhin
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Ludovic Gielly
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrizio Gili
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Gobbi
- Research and Museum Collections Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE-Science Museum, Corso del Lavoro e della Scienza, Trento, Italy
| | - Sigmund Hågvar
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (INA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Norine Khedim
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Rosa Isela Meneses
- Herbario Nacional de Bolivia: La Paz, La Paz, Bolivia
- Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Gwendolyn Peyre
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of the Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Francesca Pittino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Proietto
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "Ardito Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble-INP, Institut des Géosciences de l'Environnement (IGE, UMR 5001), Grenoble, France
| | - Nurai Urseitova
- Institute of Water Problems and Hydro-Energy, Kyrgyz National Academy of Sciences, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Yan Yang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Vitalii Zaginaev
- Mountain Societies Research Institute, University of Central Asia, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Andrea Zerboni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra "Ardito Desio", Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Anaïs Zimmer
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Pierre Taberlet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø Museum, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Jerome Poulenard
- Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, EDYTEM, Chambéry, France
| | - Diego Fontaneto
- CNR - Water Research Institute, Verbania, Italy
- NBFC - National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
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4
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Zimmer A, Beach T, Riva Regalado S, Salcedo Aliaga J, Cruz Encarnación R, Anthelme F. Llamas (Llama glama) enhance proglacial ecosystem development in Cordillera Blanca, Peru. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15936. [PMID: 37743358 PMCID: PMC10518316 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, mountain glaciers are shrinking rapidly. Consequently, large areas are becoming available for the development of novel alpine ecosystems. These harsh environments, however, delay primary succession. In this study with a local community, we conducted an inclusion experiment to investigate whether Llama glama influences soils and vegetation primary succession following glacial retreat. At the foot of the Uruashraju glacier in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru (~ 4680 m.a.s.l.), we established four llama inclusion plots and four control plots that we studied from 2019 to 2022, 24-40 years after deglacierization. After three years, the llama plots had significantly increased soil organic carbon and soil nitrogen. In the llama plots, we found a large, significant increase in vascular plant cover (+ 57%) between the second and third years of experimentation, and we identified four new species that were not present in 2019. Our results suggest that Llama glama, through their latrine behavior and role as a seed disperser, enhances the primary succession and novel ecosystem formation in recently deglacierized landscapes. Our study provides scientific support that rewilding of native Andean camelids may favor adaptation to glacier retreat and inform conservation and management strategies in proglacial landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Zimmer
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Timothy Beach
- Department of Geography and the Environment, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sebastián Riva Regalado
- Laboratorio de Florística, Departamento de Dicotiledóneas, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Jean Salcedo Aliaga
- Departamento de Etnobotánica y Botánica Económica, Museo de Historia Natural. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Rolando Cruz Encarnación
- Área de Evaluación de Glaciares y Lagunas, Autoridad Nacional del Agua, Huaraz, Peru
- Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo, Huaraz, Peru
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier, France
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5
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Weemstra M, Roumet C, Cruz-Maldonado N, Anthelme F, Stokes A, Freschet GT. Environmental variation drives the decoupling of leaf and root traits within species along an elevation gradient. Ann Bot 2022; 130:419-430. [PMID: 35405006 PMCID: PMC9486920 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant performance is enhanced by balancing above- and below-ground resource uptake through the intraspecific adjustment of leaf and root traits. It is assumed that these organ adjustments are at least partly coordinated, so that analogous leaf and root traits broadly covary. Understanding the extent of such intraspecific leaf-root trait covariation would strongly contribute to our understanding of how plants match above- and below-ground resource use strategies as their environment changes, but comprehensive studies are lacking. METHODS We measured analogous leaf and root traits from 11 species, as well as climate, soil and vegetation properties along a 1000-m elevation gradient in the French Alps. We determined how traits varied along the gradient, to what extent this variation was determined by the way different traits respond to environmental cues acting at different spatial scales (i.e. within and between elevations), and whether trait pairs covaried within species. KEY RESULTS Leaf and root trait patterns strongly diverged: across the 11 species along the gradient, intraspecific leaf trait patterns were largely consistent, whereas root trait patterns were highly idiosyncratic. We also observed that, when compared with leaves, intraspecific variation was greater in root traits, due to the strong effects of the local environment (i.e. at the same elevation), while landscape-level effects (i.e. at different elevations) were minor. Overall, intraspecific trait correlations between analogous leaf and root traits were nearly absent. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that environmental gradients at the landscape level, as well as local heterogeneity in soil properties, are the drivers of a strong decoupling between analogous leaf and root traits within species. This decoupling of plant resource acquisition strategies highlights how plants can exhibit diverse whole-plant acclimation strategies to modify above- and below-ground resource uptake, improving their resilience to environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Roumet
- CEFE, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - N Cruz-Maldonado
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - F Anthelme
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Stokes
- AMAP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - G T Freschet
- Station d’Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, CNRS, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France
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6
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Cardenas T, Naoki K, Landivar CM, Struelens Q, Gómez MI, Meneses RI, Cauvy‐Fraunié S, Anthelme F, Dangles O. Cover page. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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7
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Cardenas T, Naoki K, Landivar CM, Struelens Q, Gómez MI, Meneses RI, Cauvy‐Fraunié S, Anthelme F, Dangles O. Glacier influence on bird assemblages in habitat islands of the high Bolivian Andes. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Cardenas
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Kazuya Naoki
- Instituto de Ecología Universidad Mayor de San Andrés La Paz Bolivia
| | | | - Quentin Struelens
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Paris France
| | | | | | | | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Olivier Dangles
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CEFE Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
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8
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Besnard G, Gorrilliot O, Raimondeau P, Génot B, El Bakkali A, Anthelme F, Baali-Cherif D. Contrasting Genetic Footprints among Saharan Olive Populations: Potential Causes and Conservation Implications. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10061207. [PMID: 34198539 PMCID: PMC8231981 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Laperrine's olive is endemic to the Saharan Mountains. Adapted to arid environments, it may constitute a valuable genetic resource to improve water-stress tolerance in the cultivated olive. However, limited natural regeneration coupled with human pressures make it locally endangered in Central Sahara. Understanding past population dynamics is thus crucial to define management strategies. Nucleotide sequence diversity was first investigated on five nuclear genes and compared to the Mediterranean and African olives. These data confirm that the Laperrine's olive has a strong affinity with the Mediterranean olive, but it shows lower nucleotide diversity than other continental taxa. To investigate gene flows mediated by seeds and pollen, polymorphisms from nuclear and plastid microsatellites from 383 individuals from four Saharan massifs were analyzed. A higher genetic diversity in Ahaggar (Hoggar, Algeria) suggests that this population has maintained over the long term a larger number of individuals than other massifs. High-to-moderate genetic differentiation between massifs confirms the role of desert barriers in limiting gene flow. Yet contrasting patterns of isolation by distance were observed within massifs, and also between plastid and nuclear markers, stressing the role of local factors (e.g., habitat fragmentation, historical range shift) in seed and pollen dispersal. Implications of these results in the management of the Laperrine's olive genetic resources are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Besnard
- CNRS-UPS-ENFA, EDB, UMR 5174, Bât. 4R1, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (O.G.); (P.R.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Océane Gorrilliot
- CNRS-UPS-ENFA, EDB, UMR 5174, Bât. 4R1, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (O.G.); (P.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Pauline Raimondeau
- CNRS-UPS-ENFA, EDB, UMR 5174, Bât. 4R1, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (O.G.); (P.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Benoit Génot
- CNRS-UPS-ENFA, EDB, UMR 5174, Bât. 4R1, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (O.G.); (P.R.); (B.G.)
| | | | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, University Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, 34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Djamel Baali-Cherif
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides, USTHB/INA, BP44, Alger 16000, Algeria;
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9
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Khedim N, Cécillon L, Poulenard J, Barré P, Baudin F, Marta S, Rabatel A, Dentant C, Cauvy‐Fraunié S, Anthelme F, Gielly L, Ambrosini R, Franzetti A, Azzoni RS, Caccianiga MS, Compostella C, Clague J, Tielidze L, Messager E, Choler P, Ficetola GF. Topsoil organic matter build-up in glacier forelands around the world. Glob Chang Biol 2021; 27:1662-1677. [PMID: 33342032 PMCID: PMC8048894 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the last glacial maximum, soil formation related to ice-cover shrinkage has been one major sink of carbon accumulating as soil organic matter (SOM), a phenomenon accelerated by the ongoing global warming. In recently deglacierized forelands, processes of SOM accumulation, including those that control carbon and nitrogen sequestration rates and biogeochemical stability of newly sequestered carbon, remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the build-up of SOM during the initial stages (up to 410 years) of topsoil development in 10 glacier forelands distributed on four continents. We test whether the net accumulation of SOM on glacier forelands (i) depends on the time since deglacierization and local climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation); (ii) is accompanied by a decrease in its stability and (iii) is mostly due to an increasing contribution of organic matter from plant origin. We measured total SOM concentration (carbon, nitrogen), its relative hydrogen/oxygen enrichment, stable isotopic (13 C, 15 N) and carbon functional groups (C-H, C=O, C=C) compositions, and its distribution in carbon pools of different thermal stability. We show that SOM content increases with time and is faster on forelands experiencing warmer climates. The build-up of SOM pools shows consistent trends across the studied soil chronosequences. During the first decades of soil development, the low amount of SOM is dominated by a thermally stable carbon pool with a small and highly thermolabile pool. The stability of SOM decreases with soil age at all sites, indicating that SOM storage is dominated by the accumulation of labile SOM during the first centuries of soil development, and suggesting plant carbon inputs to soil (SOM depleted in nitrogen, enriched in hydrogen and in aromatic carbon). Our findings highlight the potential vulnerability of SOM stocks from proglacial areas to decomposition and suggest that their durability largely depends on the relative contribution of carbon inputs from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norine Khedim
- Univ. Savoie Mont‐BlancUniv. Grenoble AlpesCNRSEDYTEMChambéryFrance
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont‐BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
| | - Lauric Cécillon
- Univ. NormandieUNIROUENINRAEECODIVFR Scale CNRS 3730RouenFrance
- Laboratoire de GéologieCNRSÉcole normale supérieurePSL UniversityIPSLParisFrance
| | - Jérôme Poulenard
- Univ. Savoie Mont‐BlancUniv. Grenoble AlpesCNRSEDYTEMChambéryFrance
| | - Pierre Barré
- Laboratoire de GéologieCNRSÉcole normale supérieurePSL UniversityIPSLParisFrance
| | | | - Silvio Marta
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniv. of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Institut des Géosciences de l'EnvironnementUMR 5001Univ. Grenoble AlpesCNRSIRDGrenobleFrance
| | | | | | | | - Ludovic Gielly
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont‐BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniv. of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Franzetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental ScienceUniv. of Milano BicoccaMilanItaly
| | | | | | | | - John Clague
- Department of Earth SciencesSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
| | - Levan Tielidze
- Antarctic Research CentreVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
- School of GeographyEnvironment and Earth SciencesVictoria University of WellingtonWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Erwan Messager
- Univ. Savoie Mont‐BlancUniv. Grenoble AlpesCNRSEDYTEMChambéryFrance
| | - Philippe Choler
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont‐BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Univ. Grenoble AlpesUniv. Savoie Mont‐BlancCNRSLECAGrenobleFrance
- Department of Environmental Science and PolicyUniv. of MilanMilanItaly
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10
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Stokes A, Angeles G, Anthelme F, Aranda-Delgado E, Barois I, Bounous M, Cruz-Maldonado N, Decaëns T, Fourtier S, Freschet GT, Gabriac Q, Hernández-Cáceres D, Jiménez L, Ma J, Mao Z, Marín-Castro BE, Merino-Martín L, Mohamed A, Piedallu C, Pimentel-Reyes C, Reijnen H, Reverchon F, Rey H, Selli L, Siebe-Grabach CD, Sieron K, Weemstra M, Roumet C. Shifts in soil and plant functional diversity along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:54. [PMID: 33557933 PMCID: PMC7871617 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Altitude integrates changes in environmental conditions that determine shifts in vegetation, including temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and edaphogenetic processes. In turn, vegetation alters soil biophysical properties through litter input, root growth, microbial and macrofaunal interactions. The belowground traits of plant communities modify soil processes in different ways, but it is not known how root traits influence soil biota at the community level. We collected data to investigate how elevation affects belowground community traits and soil microbial and faunal communities. This dataset comprises data from a temperate climate in France and a twin study was performed in a tropical zone in Mexico. DATA DESCRIPTION The paper describes soil physical and chemical properties, climatic variables, plant community composition and species abundance, plant community traits, soil microbial functional diversity and macrofaunal abundance and diversity. Data are provided for six elevations (1400-2400 m) ranging from montane forest to alpine prairie. We focused on soil biophysical properties beneath three dominant plant species that structure local vegetation. These data are useful for understanding how shifts in vegetation communities affect belowground processes, such as water infiltration, soil aggregation and carbon storage. Data will also help researchers understand how plant communities adjust to a changing climate/environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Stokes
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillermo Angeles
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Isabelle Barois
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Manon Bounous
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Thibaud Decaëns
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Fourtier
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Quentin Gabriac
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Leonor Jiménez
- Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Jing Ma
- Low Carbon Energy Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221008 China
| | - Zhun Mao
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Beatriz Eugenia Marín-Castro
- Laboratorio de Edafología Ambiental, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Merino-Martín
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química inorg´anica, ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, C/Tulip´an s/n, M´ostoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Awaz Mohamed
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Hans Reijnen
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Reverchon
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Pátzcuaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Hervé Rey
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Lavinia Selli
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Katrin Sieron
- Centro de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad Veracruzana, 91090 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Monique Weemstra
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, 34000 Montpellier, France
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Roumet
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
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11
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Anthelme F, Cauvy-Fraunié S, Francou B, Cáceres B, Dangles O. Living at the Edge: Increasing Stress for Plants 2–13 Years After the Retreat of a Tropical Glacier. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.584872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid warming is a major threat for the alpine biodiversity but, at the same time, accelerated glacial retreat constitutes an opportunity for taxa and communities to escape range contraction or extinction. We explored the first steps of plant primary succession after accelerated glacial retreat under the assumption that the first few years are critical for the success of plant establishment. To this end, we examined plant succession along a very short post-glacial chronosequence in the tropical Andes of Ecuador (2–13 years after glacial retreat). We recorded the location of all plant individuals within an area of 4,200 m2 divided into plots of 1 m2. This sampling made it possible to measure the responses of the microenvironment, plant diversity and plants traits to time since the glacial retreat. It also made it possible to produce species-area curves and to estimate positive interactions between species. Decreases in soil temperature, soil moisture, and soil macronutrients revealed increasing abiotic stress for plants between two and 13 years after glacial retreat. This increasing stress seemingly explained the lack of positive correlation between plant diversity and time since the glacial retreat. It might explain the decreasing performance of plants at both the population (lower plant height) and the community levels (lower species richness and lower accumulation of species per area). Meanwhile, infrequent spatial associations among plants indicated a facilitation deficit and animal-dispersed plants were almost absent. Although the presence of 21 species on such a small sampled area seven years after glacial retreat could look like a colonization success in the first place, the increasing abiotic stress may partly erase this success, reducing species richness to 13 species after 13 years and increasing the frequency of patches without vegetation. This fine-grain distribution study sheds new light on nature's responses to the effects of climate change in cold biomes, suggesting that faster glacial retreat would not necessarily result in accelerated plant colonization. Results are exploratory and require site replications for generalization.
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13
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Danet A, Kéfi S, Meneses RI, Anthelme F. Nurse species and indirect facilitation through grazing drive plant community functional traits in tropical alpine peatlands. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:11265-11276. [PMID: 29299299 PMCID: PMC5743694 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Facilitation among plants mediated by grazers occurs when an unpalatable plant extends its protection against grazing to another plant. This type of indirect facilitation impacts species coexistence and ecosystem functioning in a large array of ecosystems worldwide. It has nonetheless generally been understudied so far in comparison with the role played by direct facilitation among plants. We aimed at providing original data on indirect facilitation at the community scale to determine the extent to which indirect facilitation mediated by grazers can shape plant communities. Such experimental data are expected to contribute to refining the conceptual framework on plant–plant–herbivore interactions in stressful environments. We set up a 2‐year grazing exclusion experiment in tropical alpine peatlands in Bolivia. Those ecosystems depend entirely on a few, structuring cushion‐forming plants (hereafter referred to as “nurse” species), in which associated plant communities develop. Fences have been set over two nurse species with different strategies to cope with grazing (direct vs. indirect defenses), which are expected to lead to different intensities of indirect facilitation for the associated communities. We collected functional traits which are known to vary according to grazing pressure (LDMC, leaf thickness, and maximum height), on both the nurse and their associated plant communities in grazed (and therefore indirect facilitation as well) and ungrazed conditions. We found that the effect of indirectly facilitated on the associated plant communities depended on the functional trait considered. Indirect facilitation decreased the effects of grazing on species relative abundance, mean LDMC, and the convergence of the maximum height distribution of the associated communities, but did not affect mean height or cover. The identity of the nurse species and grazing jointly affected the structure of the associated plant community through indirect facilitation. Our results together with the existing literature suggest that the “grazer–nurse–beneficiary” interaction module can be more complex than expected when evaluated in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Danet
- AMAP CIRAD IRD CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier Montpellier France.,ISEM CNRS Université de Montpellier, IRD EPHEMontpellier France
| | - Sonia Kéfi
- ISEM CNRS Université de Montpellier, IRD EPHEMontpellier France
| | - Rosa I Meneses
- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Cota Cota La Paz Bolivia.,Inst. de Ecologìa Univ. Mayor San Andrés Cota Cota La Paz Bolivia
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP CIRAD IRD CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier Montpellier France.,Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Cota Cota La Paz Bolivia.,Inst. de Ecologìa Univ. Mayor San Andrés Cota Cota La Paz Bolivia
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14
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Dangles O, Rabatel A, Kraemer M, Zeballos G, Soruco A, Jacobsen D, Anthelme F. Ecosystem sentinels for climate change? Evidence of wetland cover changes over the last 30 years in the tropical Andes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175814. [PMID: 28542172 PMCID: PMC5443494 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the impacts of climate change on individual species and communities have been well documented there is little evidence on climate-mediated changes for entire ecosystems. Pristine alpine environments can provide unique insights into natural, physical and ecological response to climate change yet broad scale and long-term studies on these potential 'ecosystem sentinels' are scarce. We addressed this issue by examining cover changes of 1689 high-elevation wetlands (temporarily or perennial water-saturated grounds) in the Bolivian Cordillera Real, a region that has experienced significant warming and glacier melting over the last 30 years. We combined high spatial resolution satellite images from PLEIADES with the long-term images archive from LANDSAT to 1) examine environmental factors (e.g., glacier cover, wetland and watershed size) that affected wetland cover changes, and 2) identify wetlands' features that affect their vulnerability (using habitat drying as a proxy) in the face of climate change. Over the (1984-2011) period, our data showed an increasing trend in the mean wetland total area and number, mainly related to the appearance of wet grassland patches during the wetter years. Wetland cover also showed high inter-annual variability and their area for a given year was positively correlated to precipitation intensities in the three months prior to the image date. Also, round wetlands located in highly glacierized catchments were less prone to drying, while relatively small wetlands with irregularly shaped contours suffered the highest rates of drying over the last three decades. High Andean wetlands can therefore be considered as ecosystem sentinels for climate change, as they seem sensitive to glacier melting. Beyond the specific focus of this study, our work illustrates how satellite-based monitoring of ecosystem sentinels can help filling the lack of information on the ecological consequences of current and changing climate conditions, a common and crucial issue especially in less-developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Dangles
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EGCE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Quito, Ecuador
- Unidad de Limnología, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- * E-mail:
| | - Antoine Rabatel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Grenoble, France
| | - Martin Kraemer
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), EGCE, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Gabriel Zeballos
- Escuela Militar de Ingeniería, Carrera de Ingeniería Geográfica, Bajo Irpavi, La Paz, Bolivia
- Department of Geography, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Soruco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Geológicas y del Medio Ambiente (IGEMA), Campus Universitario UMSA
| | - Dean Jacobsen
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Biology Department, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université Montpellier, France
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15
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Anthelme F, Meneses RI, Valero NNH, Pozo P, Dangles O. Fine nurse variations explain discrepancies in the stress-interaction relationship in alpine regions. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Anthelme
- Valero, AMAP, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Montpellier; Montpellier France
| | - Rosa I. Meneses
- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Cota Cota; La Paz Bolivia
| | | | - Paola Pozo
- Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Cota Cota; La Paz Bolivia
- Inst. de Ecología, Univ. Mayor San Andrés, Cota Cota; La Paz Bolivia
| | - Olivier Dangles
- IRD, UMR Evolution Génome Comportement et Ecologie, Univ. Paris-Sud CNRS-Paris-Saclay; Gif-sur-Yvette France
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Univ. Católica del Ecuador; Quito Ecuador
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16
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Kikvidze Z, Brooker RW, Butterfield BJ, Callaway RM, Cavieres LA, Cook BJ, Lortie CJ, Michalet R, Pugnaire FI, Xiao S, Anthelme F, Björk RG, Cranston BH, Gavilán RG, Kanka R, Lingua E, Maalouf JP, Noroozi J, Parajuli R, Phoenix GK, Reid A, Ridenour WM, Rixen C, Schöb C. The effects of foundation species on community assembly: a global study on alpine cushion plant communities. Ecology 2015; 96:2064-9. [DOI: 10.1890/14-2443.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Couteron P, Anthelme F, Clerc M, Escaff D, Fernandez-Oto C, Tlidi M. Plant clonal morphologies and spatial patterns as self-organized responses to resource-limited environments. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2014; 372:rsta.2014.0102. [PMID: 25246689 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We propose here to interpret and model peculiar plant morphologies (cushions and tussocks) observed in the Andean Altiplano as localized structures. Such structures resulting in a patchy, aperiodic aspect of the vegetation cover are hypothesized to self-organize thanks to the interplay between facilitation and competition processes occurring at the scale of basic plant components biologically referred to as 'ramets'. (Ramets are often of clonal origin.) To verify this interpretation, we applied a simple, fairly generic model (one integro-differential equation) emphasizing via Gaussian kernels non-local facilitative and competitive feedbacks of the vegetation biomass density on its own dynamics. We show that under realistic assumptions and parameter values relating to ramet scale, the model can reproduce some macroscopic features of the observed systems of patches and predict values for the inter-patch distance that match the distances encountered in the reference area (Sajama National Park in Bolivia). Prediction of the model can be confronted in the future with data on vegetation patterns along environmental gradients so as to anticipate the possible effect of global change on those vegetation systems experiencing constraining environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Couteron
- IRD, UMR AMAP, c/o Cirad, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - F Anthelme
- IRD, UMR AMAP, c/o Cirad, 34000 Montpellier, France Universidad Major de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - M Clerc
- Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Escaff
- Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Monseñor Alvaro del Portillo 12.455, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Fernandez-Oto
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 231, Campus Plaine, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - M Tlidi
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 231, Campus Plaine, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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18
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Schöb C, Callaway RM, Anthelme F, Brooker RW, Cavieres LA, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, Michalet R, Pugnaire FI, Xiao S, Cranston BH, García MC, Hupp NR, Llambí LD, Lingua E, Reid AM, Zhao L, Butterfield BJ. The context dependence of beneficiary feedback effects on benefactors in plant facilitation. New Phytol 2014; 204:386-96. [PMID: 24985245 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Facilitative effects of some species on others are a major driver of biodiversity. These positive effects of a benefactor on its beneficiary can result in negative feedback effects of the beneficiary on the benefactor and reduced fitness of the benefactor. However, in contrast to the wealth of studies on facilitative effects in different environments, we know little about whether the feedback effects show predictable patterns of context dependence. We reanalyzed a global data set on alpine cushion plants, previously used to assess their positive effects on biodiversity and the nature of the beneficiary feedback effects, to specifically assess the context dependence of how small- and large-scale drivers alter the feedback effects of cushion-associated (beneficiary) species on their cushion benefactors using structural equation modelling. The effect of beneficiaries on cushions became negative when beneficiary diversity increased and facilitation was more intense. Local-scale biotic and climatic conditions mediated these community-scale processes, having indirect effects on the feedback effect. High-productivity sites demonstrated weaker negative feedback effects of beneficiaries on the benefactor. Our results indicate a limited impact of the beneficiary feedback effects on benefactor cushions, but strong context dependence. This context dependence may help to explain the ecological and evolutionary persistence of this widespread facilitative system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schöb
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
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19
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Anthelme F, Cavieres LA, Dangles O. Facilitation among plants in alpine environments in the face of climate change. Front Plant Sci 2014; 5:387. [PMID: 25161660 PMCID: PMC4130109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
While there is a large consensus that plant-plant interactions are a crucial component of the response of plant communities to the effects of climate change, available data remain scarce, particularly in alpine systems. This represents an important obstacle to making consistent predictions about the future of plant communities. Here, we review current knowledge on the effects of climate change on facilitation among alpine plant communities and propose directions for future research. In established alpine communities, while warming seemingly generates a net facilitation release, earlier snowmelt may increase facilitation. Some nurse plants are able to buffer microenvironmental changes in the long term and may ensure the persistence of other alpine plants through local migration events. For communities migrating to higher elevations, facilitation should play an important role in their reorganization because of the harsher environmental conditions. In particular, the absence of efficient nurse plants might slow down upward migration, possibly generating chains of extinction. Facilitation-climate change relationships are expected to shift along latitudinal gradients because (1) the magnitude of warming is predicted to vary along these gradients, and (2) alpine environments are significantly different at low vs. high latitudes. Data on these expected patterns are preliminary and thus need to be tested with further studies on facilitation among plants in alpine environments that have thus far not been considered. From a methodological standpoint, future studies will benefit from the spatial representation of the microclimatic environment of plants to predict their response to climate change. Moreover, the acquisition of long-term data on the dynamics of plant-plant interactions, either through permanent plots or chronosequences of glacial recession, may represent powerful approaches to clarify the relationship between plant interactions and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Anthelme
- Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, UMR AMAPMontpellier, France
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Mayor San AndrésLa Paz, Bolivia
| | - Lohengrin A. Cavieres
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de ConcepciónConcepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y BiodiversidadSantiago, Chile
| | - Olivier Dangles
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UR 072, Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation, UPR 9034, Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueGif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Sud 11Orsay, France
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Anthelme F, Gómez-Aparicio L, Montúfar R. Nurse-based restoration of degraded tropical forests with tussock grasses: experimental support from the Andean cloud forest. J Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Anthelme
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); UMR AMAP/DIADE; Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2 F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca Quito Apartado 17-01-2184 Ecuador
| | - Lorena Gómez-Aparicio
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS); CSIC; PO Box 1052 Sevilla E-41080 Spain
| | - Rommel Montúfar
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca Quito Apartado 17-01-2184 Ecuador
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21
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Schöb C, Michalet R, Cavieres LA, Pugnaire FI, Brooker RW, Butterfield BJ, Cook BJ, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, Xiao S, Al Hayek P, Anthelme F, Cranston BH, García MC, Le Bagousse-Pinguet Y, Reid AM, le Roux PC, Lingua E, Nyakatya MJ, Touzard B, Zhao L, Callaway RM. A global analysis of bidirectional interactions in alpine plant communities shows facilitators experiencing strong reciprocal fitness costs. New Phytol 2014; 202:95-105. [PMID: 24329871 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Facilitative interactions are defined as positive effects of one species on another, but bidirectional feedbacks may be positive, neutral, or negative. Understanding the bidirectional nature of these interactions is a fundamental prerequisite for the assessment of the potential evolutionary consequences of facilitation. In a global study combining observational and experimental approaches, we quantified the impact of the cover and richness of species associated with alpine cushion plants on reproductive traits of the benefactor cushions. We found a decline in cushion seed production with increasing cover of cushion-associated species, indicating that being a benefactor came at an overall cost. The effect of cushion-associated species was negative for flower density and seed set of cushions, but not for fruit set and seed quality. Richness of cushion-associated species had positive effects on seed density and modulated the effects of their abundance on flower density and fruit set, indicating that the costs and benefits of harboring associated species depend on the composition of the plant assemblage. Our study demonstrates 'parasitic' interactions among plants over a wide range of species and environments in alpine systems, and we consider their implications for the possible selective effects of interactions between benefactor and beneficiary species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schöb
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, EEZA-CSIC, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Richard Michalet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Lohengrin A Cavieres
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco I Pugnaire
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, EEZA-CSIC, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Rob W Brooker
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Bradley J Butterfield
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, PO Box 6077, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Bradley J Cook
- Department of Biological Sciences, Minnesota State University, Mankato, MN, USA
| | - Zaal Kikvidze
- 4D Research Institute, Ilia State University, 3/5 Cholokashvili Av., Tbilisi, 0162, Georgia
| | - Christopher J Lortie
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sa Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Patrick Al Hayek
- University of Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, 33405, Talence, France
- University of Bordeaux, UMR INRA 1202 BIOGECO, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UMR AMAP, Boulevard de la Lironde, TA A-51/PS2, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Brittany H Cranston
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - Mary-Carolina García
- Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet
- University of Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, 33405, Talence, France
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, CZ-370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Anya M Reid
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2621-2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Peter C le Roux
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emanuele Lingua
- Department TeSAF, University of Padova, Viale dell'Universitá 16, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Mawethu J Nyakatya
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Blaise Touzard
- University of Bordeaux, UMR INRA 1202 BIOGECO, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ragan M Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
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Cavieres LA, Brooker RW, Butterfield BJ, Cook BJ, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, Michalet R, Pugnaire FI, Schöb C, Xiao S, Anthelme F, Björk RG, Dickinson KJM, Cranston BH, Gavilán R, Gutiérrez-Girón A, Kanka R, Maalouf JP, Mark AF, Noroozi J, Parajuli R, Phoenix GK, Reid AM, Ridenour WM, Rixen C, Wipf S, Zhao L, Escudero A, Zaitchik BF, Lingua E, Aschehoug ET, Callaway RM. Facilitative plant interactions and climate simultaneously drive alpine plant diversity. Ecol Lett 2013; 17:193-202. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lohengrin A. Cavieres
- Departamento de Botánica; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad; Casilla 653 Santiago Chile
| | - Rob W. Brooker
- The James Hutton Institute; Craigiebuckler Aberdeen AB15 8QH UK
| | - Bradley J. Butterfield
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research; Northern Arizona University; P.O. Box 6077 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences; Northern Arizona University; P.O. Box 5640 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - Bradley J. Cook
- Department of Biological Sciences; Minnesota State University; Mankato MN 56001 USA
| | - Zaal Kikvidze
- Institute of Ecology; Ilia State University; 32 I.Chavchavadze Av. Tbilisi 0179 Georgia
| | | | - Richard Michalet
- University of Bordeaux; UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC; 33405 Talence France
| | - Francisco I. Pugnaire
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Carretera de Sacramento s/n; La Cañada de San Urbano; Almería E-04120 Spain
| | - Christian Schöb
- The James Hutton Institute; Craigiebuckler Aberdeen AB15 8QH UK
| | - Sa Xiao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations; School of Life Science; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 People's Republic of China
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); UMR DIADE/AMAP, CIRAD; TA A51/PS2 Montpellier Cedex 5 34398 France
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca Quito Ecuador
| | - Robert G. Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences; University of Gothenburg; P.O. Box 460 Gothenburg SE-405 30 Sweden
| | | | | | - Rosario Gavilán
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Madrid E-28040 Spain
| | - Alba Gutiérrez-Girón
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Madrid E-28040 Spain
| | - Robert Kanka
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Štefánikova 3 Bratislava 814 99 Slovakia
| | | | - Alan F. Mark
- Department of Botany; University of Otago; P. O. Box 56 Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Jalil Noroozi
- Department of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology; University of Vienna; Rennweg 14 Vienna 1030 Austria
| | | | - Gareth K. Phoenix
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; The University of Sheffield; Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Anya M. Reid
- Department of Biology; York University; 4700 Keele Street Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - Wendy M. Ridenour
- Biology Department; University of Montana Western; Dillon MT 59725 USA
| | - Christian Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; Fluelastrasse 11 Davos 7260 Switzerland
| | - Sonja Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; Fluelastrasse 11 Davos 7260 Switzerland
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 320 Donggang West Road Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Adrián Escudero
- Departamento de Biología y Geología; Universidad Rey Juan Carlos; Móstoles 28933 Spain
| | - Benjamin F. Zaitchik
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Johns Hopkins University; 327 Olin Hall, 3400 N. Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Emanuele Lingua
- Department TeSAF; University of Padova; Viale dell'Universitá 16 Legnaro 35020 Italy
| | - Erik T. Aschehoug
- Department of Biology; North Carolina State University; P.O. Box 7617 Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Ragan M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences and the Institute on Ecosystems; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
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Sanín MJ, Anthelme F, Pintaud JC, Galeano G, Bernal R. Juvenile resilience and adult longevity explain residual populations of the Andean wax palm Ceroxylon quindiuense after deforestation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74139. [PMID: 24194823 PMCID: PMC3806763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Wax palms are an important element of the cloud forests in the tropical Andes. Despite heavy deforestation, the density of adults seems to be similar in deforested pastures as in forests. We aimed to infer the mechanisms responsible for this apparent resilience in pastures and we tested two hypotheses to explain it: 1) adult palms survived in pastures because they were spared from logging, and 2) adults occurred in pastures through the resilience of large juvenile rosettes, which survived through subterranean meristems and later developed into adults. For this purpose, we characterized the demographic structure of C. quindiuense in a total of 122 plots of 400 m2 in forests and pastures at two sites with contrasted land use histories in Colombia and Peru. Additionally, we implemented growth models that allowed us to estimate the age of individuals at four sites. These data were combined with information collected from local land managers in order to complete our knowledge on the land use history at each site. At two sites, the presence of old individuals up to 169 years and a wide age range evidenced that, at least, a portion of current adults in pastures were spared from logging at the time of deforestation. However, at the two other sites, the absence of older adults in pastures and the narrow age range of the populations indicated that individuals came exclusively from rosette resilience. These interpretations were consistent with the land use history of sites. In consequence, the combination of the two hypotheses (spared individuals and rosette resilience) explained patterns of C. quindiuense in pastures on a regional scale. Regeneration through subterranean meristems in palms is an important, yet overlooked mechanism of resilience, which occurs in a number of palm species and deserves being integrated in the conceptual framework of disturbance ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Sanín
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia
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24
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Butterfield BJ, Cavieres LA, Callaway RM, Cook BJ, Kikvidze Z, Lortie CJ, Michalet R, Pugnaire FI, Schöb C, Xiao S, Zaitchek B, Anthelme F, Björk RG, Dickinson K, Gavilán R, Kanka R, Maalouf JP, Noroozi J, Parajuli R, Phoenix GK, Reid A, Ridenour W, Rixen C, Wipf S, Zhao L, Brooker RW. Alpine cushion plants inhibit the loss of phylogenetic diversity in severe environments. Ecol Lett 2013; 16:478-86. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. J. Butterfield
- Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research; Northern Arizona University; P.O. Box 6077 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
- Department of Biology; Northern Arizona University; P.O. Box 5640 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - L. A. Cavieres
- Departamento de Botánica; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas; Universidad de Concepción; Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile
- Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad; Casilla 653 Santiago Chile
| | - R. M. Callaway
- Division of Biological Sciences; University of Montana; Missoula MT 59812 USA
| | - B. J. Cook
- Department of Biological Sciences; Minnesota State University; Mankato MN 56001 USA
| | - Z. Kikvidze
- Institute of Ecology; Ilia State University; 5 K.Cholokashvili Av Tbilisi 0162 Georgia
| | - C. J. Lortie
- Department of Biology; York University; 4700 Keele Street Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - R. Michalet
- University Bordeaux 1; CNRS 5805 EPOC; Talence 33405 France
- Department of Biology; Northern Arizona University; P.O. Box 5640 Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA
| | - F. I. Pugnaire
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Carretera de Sacramento s/n; La Cañada de San Urbano; Almería E-04120 Spain
| | - C. Schöb
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas; Carretera de Sacramento s/n; La Cañada de San Urbano; Almería E-04120 Spain
| | - S. Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Agroecology; School of Life Science; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - B. Zaitchek
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - F. Anthelme
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); UMR DIADE/AMAP; CIRAD, TA A51/PS2; Montpellier Cedex 5 34398 France
- Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador; Av. 12 de Octubre y Roca Quito Ecuador
| | - R. G. Björk
- Department of Earth Sciences; University of Gothenburg; P.O. Box 46o Gothenburg SE-405 30 Sweden
| | - K. Dickinson
- Department of Botany; University of Otago; P. O. Box 56, 464 Gt. King St Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - R. Gavilán
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II; Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense; Madrid E-28040 Spain
| | - R. Kanka
- Institute of Landscape Ecology; Slovak Academy of Sciences; Štefánikova 3 Bratislava 814 99 Slovakia
| | - J.-P. Maalouf
- University Bordeaux 1; CNRS 5805 EPOC; Talence 33405 France
| | - J. Noroozi
- Department of Conservation Biology; Vegetation and Landscape Ecology; University of Vienna; Rennweg 14 Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - R. Parajuli
- Central Department of Botany; Tribhuvan University; Kathmandu Nepal
| | - G. K. Phoenix
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; The University of Sheffield; Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - A. Reid
- Department of Biology; York University; 4700 Keele Street Toronto ON M3J 1P3 Canada
| | - W. Ridenour
- Biology Department; University of Montana Western; Dillon MT 59725 USA
| | - C. Rixen
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; Fluelastrasse 11 Davos 7260 Switzerland
| | - S. Wipf
- WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF; Fluelastrasse 11 Davos 7260 Switzerland
| | - L. Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 320 Donggang West Road Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - R. W. Brooker
- The James Hutton Institute; Craigiebuckler Aberdeen AB15 8QH UK
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Dangles O, Herrera M, Anthelme F. Experimental support of the stress-gradient hypothesis in herbivore-herbivore interactions. New Phytol 2013; 197:405-408. [PMID: 23174037 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates an increase in the frequency of positive species interactions at increasing amounts of stress. While the SGH has been extensively tested in plant-plant interactions along abiotic stresses, it remains unclear whether this hypothesis could apply to higher trophic levels, such as herbivores, along biotic stress gradients. To address this issue, we investigated how the interaction between two potato herbivores may change along a stress gradient created by an assortment of potato varieties with different tuber palatability. We used a tuber resistance trait as a measure for biotic stress and one herbivore as the facilitator to gain access to the tuber of the other herbivore. Our experiment revealed a switch from neutral to positive interactions with increasing stress, confirming for the first time the predictions of the SGH for herbivores. Moreover, the intensity of facilitation decreased at high stress levels, suggesting that benefits by the facilitating species were dampened in the most stressful environment. In view of the ubiquitous role played by positive interactions among herbivores, broadening our search image for facilitative effects among other plant enemies will allow a better awareness of the importance of the SGH in structuring plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Dangles
- UR 072, LEGS-CNRS, CNRS, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Mario Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Fabien Anthelme
- UMR AMAP, CIRAD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34398, Montpellier Cedex, France
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Besnard G, Anthelme F, Baali-Cherif D. The Laperrine’s olive tree (Oleaceae): a wild genetic resource of the cultivated olive and a model-species for studying the biogeography of the Saharan Mountains. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/12538078.2012.724281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fugère V, Andino P, Espinosa R, Anthelme F, Jacobsen D, Dangles O. Testing the stress-gradient hypothesis with aquatic detritivorous invertebrates: insights for biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research. J Anim Ecol 2012; 81:1259-1267. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2012.01994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Besnard G, Christin PA, Baali-Cherif D, Bouguedoura N, Anthelme F. Spatial genetic structure in the Laperrine's olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei), a long-living tree from the central Saharan mountains. Heredity (Edinb) 2007; 99:649-57. [PMID: 17848975 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6801051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Laperrine's olive (Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei) is an emblematic species of the Sahelo-Saharan Mountains. Populations of this tree are locally threatened by extinction due to climatic vicissitudes and human activities, particularly in Niger and Algeria. In order to study the spatial genetic structure and the dynamics of O. e. laperrinei populations, we sampled trees in four isolated mountain ranges (Tassili n'Ajjer and Hoggar (Algeria), Tamgak and Bagzane (Niger)). A total of 237 genets were identified using nuclear microsatellites. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on plastid DNA data supported a maternal origin of O. e. laperrinei populations in South Algeria, where a higher allelic richness was observed. Based on nuclear microsatellite data, two levels of structure were revealed: first, individuals from Niger and Algeria were separated in two distinct groups; second, four less differentiated clusters corresponded to the four studied mountain ranges. These results give support to the fact that desert barriers have greatly limited long distance gene flow. Within populations, pairwise kinship coefficients were significantly correlated to geographical distance for Niger populations but not for Algerian mountains. Historical factors and habitat heterogeneity may explain the differences observed. We conclude that the Hoggar acts as an important genetic reservoir that has to be taken into account in future conservation programmes. Moreover, very isolated endangered populations (for example, Bagzane) displaying evident genetic particularities have to be urgently considered for their endemism.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Besnard
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Barbaro L, Dutoit T, Anthelme F, Corcket E. Respective influence of habitat conditions and management regimes on prealpine calcareous grasslands. J Environ Manage 2004; 72:261-275. [PMID: 15294358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2004.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2002] [Revised: 05/13/2004] [Accepted: 05/21/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The calcareous grasslands of the south-western French Alps have been poorly studied, although they provide suitable habitat for rare plant species and communities. The separate and combined effects on calcareous grassland communities of habitat conditions (lithology, soil moisture) and management regimes (grazing intensity, cutting regime) were studied using constrained ordination techniques (canonical correspondence analysis with variance partitioning). Among the explanatory variables considered, the most important factor determining floristic composition was lithology, which explained 11.9% of floristic variability, followed by grazing intensity (6.0%). Additive effects of management and lithology explained 23.9% of floristic variability. Species niche amplitude was measured by conditional variances of samples along main ordination axes, in order to define adequate conservation management for the rarest short-lived species with narrow niche breadth on both habitat and management gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Barbaro
- Cemagref Grenoble, 2 rue de la Papeterie, BP 76, 38402 Saint-Martin d'Hères Cedex, France
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