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Zhang Y, Wang T, Yan C, Li Y, Mo F, Han J. Microbial life-history strategies and particulate organic carbon mediate formation of microbial necromass carbon and stabilization in response to biochar addition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:175041. [PMID: 39079640 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) contributes significantly to the formation of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the microbial carbon sequestration effect of biochar is often underestimated and influenced by nutrient availability. The mechanisms associated with the formation and stabilization of MNC remain unclear, especially under the combined application of biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Thus, in a long-term field experiment (11 years) based on biochar application, we utilized bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, fungal ITS amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and microbial biomarkers to examine the interactions between MNC accumulation and microbial metabolic strategies under combined treatment with biochar and N fertilizer. We aimed to identify the critical microbial modules and species involved, and to analyze the sites where MNC was immobilized from various components. Biochar application increased the MNC content by 13.9 %. Among the MNC components, fungal necromass contributed more to MNC, but bacteria were more readily enriched after biochar application. The microbial life-history strategies that affected MNC formation under the application of various amounts biochar were linked to the N application level. Under N added at 226.5 kg ha-1, communities such as Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes with high-growth yield strategies were prevalent and contributed to MNC production. By contrast, under N added at 113.25 kg ha-1 with high biochar application, Proteobacteria with strong resource acquisition strategies were dominant and MNC accumulation was lower. The mineral-associated organic carbon pool was rapidly saturated with the addition of biochar, so the contribution of fungal necromass carbon may have been reduced by reutilization, thereby resulting in the more rapid preservation of bacterial necromass carbon in the particulate organic carbon pool. Overall, our findings indicate that microbial life history traits are crucial for linking microbial metabolic processes to the accumulation and stabilization of MNC, thereby highlighting the their importance for SOC accumulation in farmland soils, and the need to tailor appropriate biochar and N fertilizer application strategies for agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeye Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Chun Yan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yuze Li
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Fei Mo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Juan Han
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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2
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Wu L, Song Z, Wu Y, Xia S, Kuzyakov Y, Hartley IP, Fang Y, Yu C, Wang Y, Chen J, Guo L, Li Z, Zhao X, Yang X, Zhang Z, Liu S, Wang W, Ran X, Liu CQ, Wang H. Organic matter composition and stability in estuarine wetlands depending on soil salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173861. [PMID: 38871323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands are key players in mitigating global climate change by sequestering soil organic matter. Soil organic matter consists of less stable particulate organic matter (POM) and more stable mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). The distribution and drivers of MAOM and POM in coastal wetlands have received little attention, despite the processes and mechanisms differ from that in the upland soils. We explored the distribution of POM and MAOM, their contributions to SOM, and the controlling factors along a salinity gradient in an estuarine wetland. In the estuarine wetland, POM C and N were influenced by soil depth and vegetation type, whereas MAOM C and N were influenced only by vegetation type. In the estuarine wetland, SOM was predominantly in the form of MAOM (> 70 %) and increased with salinity (70 %-76 %), leading to long-term C sequestration. Both POM and MAOM increased with SOM, and the increase rate of POM was higher than that of MAOM. Aboveground plant biomass decreased with increasing salinity, resulted in a decrease in POM C (46 %-81 %) and N (52 %-82 %) pools. As the mineral amount and activity, and microbial biomass decreased, the MAOM C (2.5 %-64 %) and N pool (8.6 %-59 %) decreased with salinity. When evaluating POM, the most influential factors were microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Key parameters, including MBC, DOC, soil salinity, soil water content, aboveground plant biomass, mineral content and activity, and bulk density, were identified as influencing factors for both MAOM abundance. Soil water content not only directly controlled MAOM, but together with salinity also indirectly regulated POM and MAOM by controlling microbial biomass and aboveground plant biomass. Our findings have important implications for improving the accumulation and increased stability of soil organic matter in coastal wetlands, considering the global sea level rise and increased frequency of inundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, China.
| | - Yuntao Wu
- College of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Shaopan Xia
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198 Moscow, Russia; Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kazan Federal University, 420049 Kazan, Russia
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan 4111, Australia
| | - Changxun Yu
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Yidong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Laodong Guo
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Zimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiangwei Zhao
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhenqing Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, School of Geographic and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyan Liu
- National Nature Reserve Management Center of Liujiang Basin Geological Relics, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangbin Ran
- First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai Rim, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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3
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Yang F, Wang W, Wu Z, Peng J, Xu H, Ge M, Lin S, Zeng Y, Sardans J, Wang C, Peñuelas J. Fertilizer reduction and biochar amendment promote soil mineral-associated organic carbon, bacterial activity, and enzyme activity in a jasmine garden in southeast China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 954:176300. [PMID: 39293769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Reducing chemical fertilizers and biochar amendment is essential for achieving carbon neutrality, addressing global warming, and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Biochar amendment, a carbon rich soil additive produced through biomass pyrolysis, enhances soil fertility, increases crop yield, and improves soil carbon storage. However, research on the combined effect of fertilizer reduction and biochar amendment on soil mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) in jasmine gardens is limited. This study aims to determine if biochar can reduce industrial fertilizer usage without compromising soil quality. This study focuses on jasmine cultivation in southeastern China, employing four treatments: conventional fertilization (CK), biochar amendment without fertilizer (BA), fertilizer reduction (FR), and fertilizer reduction with biochar amendment (FRBA). The effects on MAOC, microbial abundance, and enzyme activity were investigated. The FRBA treatment significantly increased MAOC content by 19.98 % compared to CK (P < 0.05). The BA and FRBA treatments enhanced the diversity of soil bacteria, including Lactobacillus, Azospirillum, and Cutibacterium, which are associated with soil organic carbon sequestration and nutrient decomposition. The RandomForest model identified β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG), electric conductivity (EC), β-1, 4-Glucosidase (BG), soil potential of Hydrogen (pH), soil bulk density (BD), and β-D-cellobiosidase (CBH) as key soil traits promoting MAOC accumulation (P < 0.05). The results indicate that BA and FRBA improve soil bacterial community structure, enzyme activity, and MAOC content, promoting soil carbon accumulation through environmental factors and dominant bacteria. This study encourages future fertilization protocols that enhance fertilizer efficiency and carbon storage in crop soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Weiqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Ziwei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jiahao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Hongda Xu
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Maoquan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Shaoying Lin
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Minrong Tea Co., Ltd, Fuzhou 350015, China
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF. 08913 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-Geographical Process, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08913 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF. 08913 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
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4
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Poeplau C, Dechow R, Begill N, Don A. Towards an ecosystem capacity to stabilise organic carbon in soils. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17453. [PMID: 39099457 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual, and particularly the formation of fine fraction carbon (OCfine), has a large potential to act as sink for atmospheric CO2. For reliable estimates of this potential and efficient policy advice, the major limiting factors for OCfine accrual need to be understood. The upper boundary of the correlation between fine mineral particles (silt + clay) and OCfine is widely used to estimate the maximum mineralogical capacity of soils to store OCfine, suggesting that mineral surfaces get C saturated. Using a dataset covering the temperate zone and partly other climates on OCfine contents and a SOC turnover model, we provide two independent lines of evidence, that this empirical upper boundary does not indicate C saturation. Firstly, the C loading of the silt + clay fraction was found to strongly exceed previous saturation estimates in coarse-textured soils, which raises the question of why this is not observed in fine-textured soils. Secondly, a subsequent modelling exercise revealed, that for 74% of all investigated soils, local net primary production (NPP) would not be sufficient to reach a C loading of 80 g C kg-1 silt + clay, which was previously assumed to be a general C saturation point. The proportion of soils with potentially enough NPP to reach that point decreased strongly with increasing silt + clay content. High C loadings can thus hardly be reached in more fine-textured soils, even if all NPP would be available as C input. As a pragmatic approach, we introduced texture-dependent, empirical maximum C loadings of the fine fraction, that decreased from 160 g kg-1 in coarse to 75 g kg-1 in most fine-textured soils. We conclude that OCfine accrual in soils is mainly limited by C inputs and is strongly modulated by texture, mineralogy, climate and other site properties, which could be formulated as an ecosystem capacity to stabilise SOC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rene Dechow
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Neha Begill
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Axel Don
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Braunschweig, Germany
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5
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Zheng J, Liang S, He R, Luo L, Li Y, Yin C, Pei X, Zhao C. Effects of warming on soil organic carbon pools mediated by mycorrhizae and hyphae on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172121. [PMID: 38565345 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mycorrhizae and their hyphae play critical roles in soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. However, their individual contributions to SOC components and stability under climate warming conditions remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of warming on the SOC pools of Picea asperata (an ectomycorrhizal plant) and Fargesia nitida (an arbuscular mycorrhizal plant) mycorrhizae/hyphae on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The results indicated that mycorrhizae made greater contributions to SOC accumulation than hyphae did by increasing labile organic carbon (LOC) components, such as particle organic carbon (POC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon, especially under warming conditions. Plant species also had different effects on SOC composition, resulting in higher mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) contents in F. nitida plots than in P. asperata plots; consequently, the former favored SOC stability more than the latter, with a lower POC/MAOC. Partial least-squares path modelling further indicated that mycorrhizae/hyphae indirectly affected LOC pools, mainly by changing soil pH and enzyme activities. Warming had no significant effect on SOC content but did change SOC composition by reducing LOC through affecting soil pH and iron oxides and ultimately increasing SOC stability in the presence of mycorrhizae for both plants. Therefore, the mycorrhizae of both plants are major contributors to the variation of SOC components and stability under warming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China; Sichuan Metallurgical Geological Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Rongyu He
- China National Environmental Protection Group, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Chunying Yin
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangjun Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Chunzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
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6
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Kang J, Qu C, Chen W, Cai P, Chen C, Huang Q. Organo-organic interactions dominantly drive soil organic carbon accrual. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17147. [PMID: 38273514 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Organo-mineral interactions have been regarded as the primary mechanism for the stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC) over decadal to millennial timescales, and the capacity for soil carbon (C) storage has commonly been assessed based on soil mineralogical attributes, particularly mineral surface availability. However, it remains contentious whether soil C sequestration is exclusively governed by mineral vacancies, making it challenging to accurately predict SOC dynamics. Here, through a 400-day incubation experiment using 13 C-labeled organic materials in two contrasting soils (i.e., Mollisol and Ultisol), we show that despite the unsaturation of mineral surfaces in both soils, the newly incorporated C predominantly adheres to "dirty" mineral surfaces coated with native organic matter (OM), demonstrating the crucial role of organo-organic interactions in exogenous C sequestration. Such interactions lead to multilayered C accumulation that is not constrained by mineral vacancies, a process distinct from direct organo-mineral contacts. The coverage of native OM by new C, representing the degree of organo-organic interactions, is noticeably larger in Ultisol (~14.2%) than in Mollisol (~5.8%), amounting to the net retention of exogenous C in Ultisol by 0.2-1.3 g kg-1 and in Mollisol by 0.1-1.0 g kg-1 . Additionally, organo-organic interactions are primarily mediated by polysaccharide-rich microbial necromass. Further evidence indicates that iron oxides can selectively preserve polysaccharide compounds, thereby promoting the organo-organic interactions. Overall, our findings provide direct empirical evidence for an overlooked but critically important pathway of C accumulation, challenging the prevailing "C saturation" concept that emphasizes the overriding role of mineral vacancies. It is estimated that, through organo-organic interactions, global Mollisols and Ultisols might sequester ~0.1-1.0 and ~0.3-1.7 Pg C per year, respectively, corresponding to the neutralization of ca. 0.5%-3.0% of soil C emissions or 5%-30% of fossil fuel combustion globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenli Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengrong Chen
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qiaoyun Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Liao J, Yang X, Dou Y, Wang B, Xue Z, Sun H, Yang Y, An S. Divergent contribution of particulate and mineral-associated organic matter to soil carbon in grassland. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 344:118536. [PMID: 37392693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) is an effective means to draw atmospheric CO2. Grassland restoration is one of the fastest methods to increase soil C stocks, and particulate-associated C and mineral-associated C play critical roles in soil C stocks during restoration. Herein, we developed a conceptual mechanistic frame regarding the contributions made by mineral-associated organic matter to soil C during the restoration of temperate grasslands. Compared to 1-year grassland restoration, 30-year restoration increased mineral-associated organic C (MAOC) by 41% and particulate organic C (POC) by 47%. The SOC changed from microbial MAOC predominance to plant-derived POC predominance, as the POC was more sensitive to grassland restoration. The POC increased with plant biomass (mainly litter and root biomass), while the increase in MAOC was mainly caused by the combined effects of increasing microbial necromass and leaching of the base cations (Ca-bound C). Plant biomass accounted for 75% of the increase in POC, whereas bacterial and fungal necromass contributed to 58% of the variance in MAOC. POC and MAOC contributed to 54% and 46% of the increase in SOC, respectively. Consequently, the accumulation of the fast (POC) and slow (MAOC) pools of organic matter are important for the sequestration of SOC during grassland restoration. Overall, simultaneous tracing of POC and MAOC helps further understand the mechanisms and predict soil C dynamics combined with the input of plant C, microbial properties, and availability of soil nutrients during grassland restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, CAS, Yangling, 712100, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xuan Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yanxing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, CAS, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Baorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, CAS, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Zhijing Xue
- College of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi 'an, 710119, China.
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, CAS, Yangling, 712100, China; State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China; National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Shaoshan An
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Ministry of Water Resources, CAS, Yangling, 712100, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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8
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Tang B, Rocci KS, Lehmann A, Rillig MC. Nitrogen increases soil organic carbon accrual and alters its functionality. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1971-1983. [PMID: 36607159 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) availability has been considered as a critical factor for the cycling and storage of soil organic carbon (SOC), but effects of N enrichment on the SOC pool appear highly variable. Given the complex nature of the SOC pool, recent frameworks suggest that separating this pool into different functional components, for example, particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), is of great importance for understanding and predicting SOC dynamics. Importantly, little is known about how these N-induced changes in SOC components (e.g., changes in the ratios among these fractions) would affect the functionality of the SOC pool, given the differences in nutrient density, resistance to disturbance, and turnover time between POC and MAOC pool. Here, we conducted a global meta-analysis of 803 paired observations from 98 published studies to assess the effect of N addition on these SOC components, and the ratios among these fractions. We found that N addition, on average, significantly increased POC and MAOC pools by 16.4% and 3.7%, respectively. In contrast, both the ratios of MAOC to SOC and MAOC to POC were remarkably decreased by N enrichment (4.1% and 10.1%, respectively). Increases in the POC pool were positively correlated with changes in aboveground plant biomass and with hydrolytic enzymes. However, the positive responses of MAOC to N enrichment were correlated with increases in microbial biomass. Our results suggest that although reactive N deposition could facilitate soil C sequestration to some extent, it might decrease the nutrient density, turnover time, and resistance to disturbance of the SOC pool. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the effects of N enrichment on the SOC pool and its functionality at global scale, which is pivotal for understanding soil C dynamics especially in future scenarios with more frequent and severe perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katherine S Rocci
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
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9
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Liu J, Qiu T, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Tan W, Wei X, Cui Y, Cui Q, Wu C, Liu L, Zhou B, He H, Fang L. Crop residue return sustains global soil ecological stoichiometry balance. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:2203-2226. [PMID: 36607175 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although soil ecological stoichiometry is constrained in natural ecosystems, its responses to anthropogenic perturbations are largely unknown. Inputs of inorganic fertilizer and crop residue are key cropland anthropogenic managements, with potential to alter their soil ecological stoichiometry. We conducted a global synthesis of 682 data pairs to quantify the responses of soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) and grain yields to combined inputs of crop residue plus inorganic fertilizer compared with only inorganic fertilizer application. Crop residue inputs enhance soil C (10.5%-12%), N (7.63%-9.2%), and P (2.62%-5.13%) contents, with an increase in C:N (2.51%-3.42%) and C:P (7.27%-8.00%) ratios, and grain yields (6.12%-8.64%), indicating that crop residue alleviated soil C limitation caused by inorganic fertilizer inputs alone and was able to sustain balanced stoichiometry. Moreover, the increase in soil C and C:N(P) ratio reached saturation in ~13-16 years after crop residue return, while grain yield increase trend discontinued. Furthermore, we identified that the increased C, N, and P contents and C:N(P) ratios were regulated by the initial pH and C content, and the increase in grain yield was not only related to soil properties, but also negatively related to the amount of inorganic N fertilizer input to a greater extent. Given that crop residual improvement varies with soil properties and N input levels, we propose a predictive model to preliminary evaluate the potential for crop residual improvement. Particularly, we suggest that part of the global budget should be used to subsidize crop residue input management strategies, achieving to a win-win situation for agricultural production, ecological protection, and climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tianyi Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Wenfeng Tan
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region and Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China
| | - Yongxing Cui
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingliang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuanfa Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lanfa Liu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baitao Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoran He
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Linchuan Fang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Jungkunst HF, Heitkamp F, Doetterl S, Sylvester SP, Sylvester MDPV, Vetter V, Maqsood S, Zeppenfeld T, Kessler M, Fiedler S. Land-use induced soil carbon stabilization at the expense of rock derived nutrients: insights from pristine Andean soils. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4584. [PMID: 36941286 PMCID: PMC10027661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30801-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Soils contain significantly more carbon than the atmosphere, hence we should understand how best to stabilize it. Unfortunately, the role of human interventions on soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence in the Anthropocene remains vague, lacking adequate sites that allow unbiased direct comparisons of pristine and human influenced soils. Here we present data from a unique study system in the High Andes that guarantees pristineness of the reference sites by physical inaccessibility through vertical cliffs. By comparing the isotopic signatures of SOC, mineral related carbon stabilization, and soil nutrient status across grazed versus pristine soils, we provide counterintuitive evidence that thousands of years of pastoralism increased soil C persistence. Mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) was significantly higher in pastures. Land use increased poorly crystalline minerals (PCM's), of which aluminum correlated best with MAOC. On the other hand, human's acceleration of weathering led to acidification and higher losses of cations. This highlights a dilemma of lower soil quality but higher persistence of SOC due to millennia of pastoralism. The dynamics of soil genesis in the Anthropocene needs better understanding, but if human-induced weathering proves generally to promote soil carbon persistence it will need to be included in climate-soil feedback projections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann F Jungkunst
- iES Landau, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany.
| | - Felix Heitkamp
- Environmental Control, Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstrasse 2, 37079, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Doetterl
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steven P Sylvester
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mitsy D P V Sylvester
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Vetter
- iES Landau, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Fortstraße 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Shafique Maqsood
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, University of Kassel, Steinstrasse 19, 37213, Witzenhausen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Zeppenfeld
- Forest Growth, Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstrasse 2, 37079, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Kessler
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, CH-8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Fiedler
- Institute of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becherweg 21, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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11
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Si S, Li Y, Tu C, Wu Y, Fu C, Yang S, Luo Y. Responses of Labile Organic Carbon and Extractable Cadmium Fractions in an Agricultural Soil Following Long-Term Repeated Application of Pig Manure and Effective Microbes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:304-309. [PMID: 35657399 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03519-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Long-term pig manure addition has been widely applied in red soil to improve soil fertility. However, the influence of combined utilization of pig manure and effective microbes (EM) on soil organic carbon (SOC) and Cd are not well understood. This study conducted a 23-year (1996-2019) long-term fertilization field trial to investigate the changes of different fractions of SOC and Cd under chemical fertilization (CF), pig manure (PM), and pig manure with effective microbes (PM + EM) treatments in an agricultural soil of Jiangxi Province, South China. The results showed that the pig manure addition significantly enhanced the contents of SOC and Cd in the soils compared with the CF treatments. Furthermore, with the increment of SOC, the PM + EM treatment significantly increased the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon and easily oxidizable carbon compared with the pig manure application alone. Meanwhile, compared with the CF treatments, the EM addition significantly enhanced the exchangeable and oxidizable fractions of Cd, thus the potential Cd environment risk due to pig manure application should be carefully assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocheng Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Chen Tu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuancheng Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, 264003, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Nanjing, 210008, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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12
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Zhou S, Wang J, Chen L, Wang J, Zhao F. Microbial community structure and functional genes drive soil priming effect following afforestation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153925. [PMID: 35218819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Afforestation substantially modifies native soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition via plant carbon inputs (the priming effect), and in turn, triggers vital biogeochemical processes that influence the regulation of soil carbon dynamics. Soil microbes are crucial in regulating the direction and magnitude of the priming effect. In the present study, we performed metagenomic sequencing and 13C-glucose labeling analyses of microbial communities and priming effects across a Robinia pseudoacacia afforestation chronosequence (14-, 20-, 30-, and 45-year-old stands) in the Loess Plateau in China, with adjacent farmland being selected as a control. Our results revealed that the cumulative priming effect across five sites along the afforestation chronosequence initially increased and approached a peak value in the 20-year-old stand, after which it declined. The priming effect was predominantly driven by the microbial community structure (i.e., the fungal-to-bacterial ratios and relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria), and stable C decomposition genes and C-degrading enzymes. Specifically, among the key functional genes correlated with priming effect, which were identified in orders Rhizobiales and Pseudonocardiales, considerably promoted SOC priming. Overall, our findings indicate that afforestation alters soil microbial community structure and function, particularly with respect to enhancing stable soil C decomposition genes, which may promote SOC priming. The findings of the present study could enhance our understanding of fresh C input-induced changes associated with C mineralization in the context of the revegetation of ecologically fragile areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Jieying Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Fazhu Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
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13
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Novick KA, Metzger S, Anderegg WRL, Barnes M, Cala DS, Guan K, Hemes KS, Hollinger DY, Kumar J, Litvak M, Lombardozzi D, Normile CP, Oikawa P, Runkle BRK, Torn M, Wiesner S. Informing Nature-based Climate Solutions for the United States with the best-available science. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3778-3794. [PMID: 35253952 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nature-based Climate Solutions (NbCS) are managed alterations to ecosystems designed to increase carbon sequestration or reduce greenhouse gas emissions. While they have growing public and private support, the realizable benefits and unintended consequences of NbCS are not well understood. At regional scales where policy decisions are often made, NbCS benefits are estimated from soil and tree survey data that can miss important carbon sources and sinks within an ecosystem, and do not reveal the biophysical impacts of NbCS for local water and energy cycles. The only direct observations of ecosystem-scale carbon fluxes, for example, by eddy covariance flux towers, have not yet been systematically assessed for what they can tell us about NbCS potentials, and state-of-the-art remote sensing products and land-surface models are not yet being widely used to inform NbCS policymaking or implementation. As a result, there is a critical mismatch between the point- and tree-scale data most often used to assess NbCS benefits and impacts, the ecosystem and landscape scales where NbCS projects are implemented, and the regional to continental scales most relevant to policymaking. Here, we propose a research agenda to confront these gaps using data and tools that have long been used to understand the mechanisms driving ecosystem carbon and energy cycling, but have not yet been widely applied to NbCS. We outline steps for creating robust NbCS assessments at both local to regional scales that are informed by ecosystem-scale observations, and which consider concurrent biophysical impacts, future climate feedbacks, and the need for equitable and inclusive NbCS implementation strategies. We contend that these research goals can largely be accomplished by shifting the scales at which pre-existing tools are applied and blended together, although we also highlight some opportunities for more radical shifts in approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Novick
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Stefan Metzger
- Battelle, National Ecological Observatory Network, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Mallory Barnes
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Daniela S Cala
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Kaiyu Guan
- College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kyle S Hemes
- Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - David Y Hollinger
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marcy Litvak
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | | | - Patty Oikawa
- Department of Earth & Environmental Science, California State University-East Bay, Hayward, California, USA
| | - Benjamin R K Runkle
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Margaret Torn
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Susanne Wiesner
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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14
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Yang Y, Shi G, Liu Y, Ma L, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Pan J, Zhang Q, Yao B, Zhou H, Feng H. Experimental Warming Has Not Affected the Changes in Soil Organic Carbon During the Growing Season in an Alpine Meadow Ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847680. [PMID: 35371126 PMCID: PMC8971846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of climate warming and season on soil organic carbon (SOC) have received widespread attention, but how climate warming affects the seasonal changes of SOC remains unclear. Here, we established a gradient warming experiment to investigate plant attributes and soil physicochemical and microbial properties that were potentially associated with changes in SOC at the beginning (May) and end (August) of the growing season in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The SOC of August was lower than that of May, and the storage of SOC in August decreased by an average of 18.53 million grams of carbon per hectare. Warming not only failed to alter the content of SOC regardless of the season but also did not affect the change in SOC during the growing season. Among all the variables measured, microbial biomass carbon was highly coupled to the change in SOC. These findings indicate that alpine meadow soil is a source of carbon during the growing season, but climate warming has no significant impact on it. This study highlights that in the regulation of carbon source or pool in alpine meadow ecosystem, more attention should be paid to changes in SOC during the growing season, rather than climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoxi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Utilization of Agriculture Solid Waste Resources in Gansu Province, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Buqing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Utilization of Agriculture Solid Waste Resources in Gansu Province, College of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui, China
| | - Huakun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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15
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Sokol NW, Whalen ED, Jilling A, Kallenbach C, Pett‐Ridge J, Georgiou K. The Global Distribution, Formation, and Fate of Mineral‐Associated Soil Organic Matter Under a Changing Climate – A Trait‐Based Perspective. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noah W. Sokol
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
| | - Emily D. Whalen
- Department of Natural Resources and the En]vironment University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - Andrea Jilling
- College of Agriculture Oklahoma State University Stillwater Oklahoma USA
| | - Cynthia Kallenbach
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Jennifer Pett‐Ridge
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
- Life & Environmental Sciences Department University of California Merced Merced California USA
| | - Katerina Georgiou
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore California USA
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16
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Life and death in the soil microbiome: how ecological processes influence biogeochemistry. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:415-430. [DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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17
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Craig ME, Mayes MA, Sulman BN, Walker AP. Biological mechanisms may contribute to soil carbon saturation patterns. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2633-2644. [PMID: 33668074 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is a key strategy to mitigate rising atmospheric CO2 , yet SOC pools often appear to saturate, or increase at a declining rate, as carbon (C) inputs increase. Soil C saturation is commonly hypothesized to result from the finite amount of reactive mineral surface area available for retaining SOC, and is accordingly represented in SOC models as a physicochemically determined SOC upper limit. However, mineral-associated SOC is largely microbially generated. In this perspective, we present the hypothesis that apparent SOC saturation patterns could emerge as a result of ecological constraints on microbial biomass-for example, via competition or predation-leading to reduced C flow through microbes and a reduced rate of mineral-associated SOC formation as soil C inputs increase. Microbially explicit SOC models offer an opportunity to explore this hypothesis, yet most of these models predict linear microbial biomass increases with C inputs and insensitivity of SOC to input rates. Synthesis of 54 C addition studies revealed constraints on microbial biomass as C inputs increase. Different hypotheses limiting microbial density were embedded in a three-pool SOC model without explicit limits on mineral surface area. As inputs increased, the model demonstrated either no change, linear, or apparently saturating increases in mineral-associated and particulate SOC pools. Taken together, our results suggest that microbial constraints are common and could lead to reduced mineral-associated SOC formation as input rates increase. We conclude that SOC responses to altered C inputs-or any environmental change-are influenced by the ecological factors that limit microbial populations, allowing for a wider range of potential SOC responses to stimuli. Understanding how biotic versus abiotic factors contribute to these patterns will better enable us to predict and manage soil C dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Craig
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Melanie A Mayes
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Benjamin N Sulman
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Anthony P Walker
- Environmental Sciences Division and Climate Change Science Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
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