1
|
Tepox-Puga SM, Rocha-Ortiz JA, Medina-Solís CE, Castrejón-Pérez RC, Sánchez-García S, Borges-Yáñez SA. Prevalence, and Risk Indicators of Coronal and Root Caries in Mexican Older Adults in Nursing Homes. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2023; 15:333-347. [PMID: 38107875 PMCID: PMC10723588 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s439342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Several factors are associated with coronal and root caries in older persons. The purpose of this study was to determine the experience, prevalence, and risk indicators (socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and dental variables) of coronal and root caries in older persons residing in nursing homes in Mexico. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 227 dentate participants with natural teeth. Convenience sample, where all dentate residents were invited to participate. The dependent variables were coronal caries and root caries, which were determined through an oral clinical examination. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors, location, type of center, surfaces free of dental biofilm and calculus, surfaces with recession, retainers in contact with surfaces with recession, xerostomia, smoking, and the previous use of dental services. The binary logistic regression model was used in the analysis. Results The mean age of the participants in this study was 77.7±8.8 years, and 69.2% were women. Moreover, 71.8% live in long-term care facilities, and 48.0% live in Mexico City. The prevalence of coronal and root caries was found to be 67.8% and 50.7%, respectively. Being male and living in Mexico City were risk indicators for coronal caries, and with a 1% increase in surfaces with no biofilm, the risk decreased by 2%. Being widowed, having government or no social security, denture retainers, and coronal caries were risk indicators for root caries, while the utilization of dental services indicated lower risk. Conclusion Several variables that differ in nature were found to be risk indicators for coronal and root caries. Coronal caries increases the risk of root caries. Prevention should be aimed at identifying persons at higher risk, and dental care should be improved for persons living in long-term care institutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís
- Academic Area of Dentistry, Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Mexico
| | - Roberto Carlos Castrejón-Pérez
- Department of Geriatric Clinical and Epidemiological Research, National Institute of Geriatrics, National Institutes of Health, México City, México
| | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Epidemiological and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, National Medical Center “Siglo XXI”, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Socorro Aída Borges-Yáñez
- Department of Dental Public Health, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, University City, México City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Castro RJ, Gambetta-Tessini K, Clavijo I, Arthur RA, Maltz M, Giacaman RA. Caries Experience in Elderly People Consuming a Milk-Based Drink Nutritional Supplement: A Cross-Sectional Study. Caries Res 2023; 57:211-219. [PMID: 37315548 DOI: 10.1159/000531546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements have been recommended to cope with malnutrition in elderly persons. In Chile, the Supplementary Nutrition Program for the Elderly (PACAM, for its Spanish acronym) consists in a monthly distribution of a low-fat-milk-based drink that contains 8% sucrose. The aim of this study was to determine whether older persons consuming the milk-based drink have a higher caries experience when compared to those not receiving the supplement. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Maule Region in Chile. The representative sample comprised two groups: (a) PACAM consumers (CS) (n = 60) and (b) nonconsumers (NCS) (n = 60). Participants received intraoral examination and coronal (DMFT/DMFS) and root caries (RCI index) experience were recorded. Additionally, questionnaires regarding acceptability and consumption habits of PACAM and a 24-h diet recall were applied. The influence of predictors was calculated using binary logistic regression for a dichotomized DMFS and Poisson Regression for root caries lesions. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. No differences were detected in food consumption patterns between study groups (p > 0.05). CS participants had increased dairy product consumption. Higher DMFS mean value was observed in the CS (85.35 ± 39.0) compared with NCS (77.28 ± 28.9) (p = 0.043). The multivariate analysis showed nonconsumers of the milk-based product (β = -0.41, p = 0.02) are less likely to have root surfaces affected by caries. Additionally, CS show higher RCI, compared to nonconsumers (β = -0.17, p = 0.02). Daily consumption of a PACAM's milk-based drink supplement seems to increase coronal and root caries risk. Based on these results, composition modification of milk-based drinks with added sucrose appears mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro J Castro
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
- Interuniversity Center on Healthy Aging, Talca, Chile
| | - Karla Gambetta-Tessini
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Ignacio Clavijo
- Master's Program in Geriatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Arthur
- Preventive and Community Dentistry Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marisa Maltz
- Preventive and Community Dentistry Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Giacaman
- Cariology Unit, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
- Interuniversity Center on Healthy Aging, Talca, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Beltrán V, Flores M, Sanzana C, Muñoz-Sepúlveda F, Alvarado E, Venegas B, Molina JC, Rueda-Velásquez S, von Marttens A. Tooth Loss and Caries Experience of Elderly Chileans in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Five Regions of Chile. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3001. [PMID: 36833696 PMCID: PMC9967189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Risk factors associated with tooth loss have been studied; however, the current status of the epidemiological profiles and the impact of the pandemic on the oral health of the elderly is still unknown. This study aims to determine the experience of caries and tooth loss among elderly Chilean citizens in five regions and to identify the risk factors associated with tooth loss. The sample includes 135 participants over 60 years old assessed during COVID-19 lockdown. Sociodemographic variables such as education and RSH (Social Registry of Households) were obtained through a teledentistry platform called TEGO. The history of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, depression and dental caries reported by DMFT index scores were incorporated. The statistical analysis included Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) to assess risk factors associated with the lack of functional dentition. Multivariate hypothesis testing was used to compare the mean equality of DMFT and its components between regions (p-value < 0.05). Individuals with RSH ≤ 40% were at higher risk of having no functional dentition with OR 4.56 (95% CI: 1.71, 12.17). The only mean difference between regions was the filled tooth component. Tooth loss was associated with multidimensional lower income, where the elderly belonging to the 40% most vulnerable population had a higher prevalence of non-functional dentition. This study highlights the importance of implementing a National Oral Health Policy that focuses on oral health promotion and minimally invasive dentistry for the most vulnerable population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Beltrán
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Rehabilitation, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Marco Flores
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Rehabilitation, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Cristina Sanzana
- Postgraduate Program in Oral Rehabilitation, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile
| | - Fernanda Muñoz-Sepúlveda
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Program of Master in Dental Sciences, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Eloy Alvarado
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Santiago 7630000, Chile
| | - Bernardo Venegas
- Carlos Van Buren Hospital of Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | | | - Sandra Rueda-Velásquez
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga 680001, Colombia
| | - Alfredo von Marttens
- Department of Prosthesis, Faculty of Dentistry, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li R, Lo E, Liu B, Wong M, Chu C. Randomized clinical trial on arresting dental root caries through silver diammine fluoride applications in community-dwelling elders. J Dent 2016; 51:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
5
|
Gu H, Ling J, Zhou X, Liu L, Zhao Z, Gao JL. Mineralising and antibacterial effects of modified calcium phosphate treatment on human root cementum. BMC Oral Health 2016; 17:22. [PMID: 27431809 PMCID: PMC4950233 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0246-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging population will lead to the increase of incidence of root caries globally. The clinical management of root caries is challenging due to the difficulty in moisture isolation. The root caries is caused by the release of organic acids from cariogenic bacteria which results in the dissolution of cementum and dentin of the root. The purpose of this study is to study the efficacy of modified saturated calcium phosphate solution (CaP) supplement with zinc (Zn2+) and/or fluoride (F-) in providing root cementum surfaces less susceptible to acid dissolution and bacterial colonization. Methods Human root cementum sections from extracted premolars were treated with three modified calcium phosphate solutions (M/A-CaPs) respectively: (A) CaP-F/Zn, supplemented with F- and Zn2+; (B) CaP-F, supplemented with F- only; (C) CaP-Zn, supplemented with Zn2+ only. The surface characteristics of treated cementum sections were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Following the acid attack and Streptococcus mutans challenge, M/A-CaPs treated cementum surfaces were analysed using inductive coupled plasma (ICP) and SEM respectively. Results Compared with the control group, M/A-CaPs treated cementum presented significant improvements in resistance to acid dissolution and bacterial colonization. Among M/A-CaPs, the CaP-F/Zn treated cementum surfaces released the lowest amount of Ca2+ ions (2.11 ± 0.51 ppm) upon acid challenge (n = 3, p < 0.01) and also presented the most significant inhibiting effect against the colonization of S. mutans (n = 180, p < 0.05). Conclusions Saturated calcium phosphate solution CaP supplemented with both F- and Zn2+ could be applied as an effective coating material providing acid resistance and antibacterial property on cementum surfaces. The modified calcium phosphate-based solution could be a new treatment strategy to prevent the development of root caries and arrest the further progression of root caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Gu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.,Department of Biomaterials & Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York City, USA
| | - Junqi Ling
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Zhou
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Dental Research, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, 2153, NSW, Australia
| | - Limin Liu
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 56 Ling Yuan Xi Road, Guangzhou, 510055, China
| | - Ziming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Long Gao
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Institute of Dental Research, Westmead Centre for Oral Health, Westmead Millennium Institute, Westmead, 2153, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mariño R, Albala C, Sanchez H, Cea X, Fuentes A. Prevalence of diseases and conditions which impact on oral health and oral health self-care among older chilean. J Aging Health 2014; 27:3-16. [PMID: 24850366 DOI: 10.1177/0898264314533723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to describe the prevalence of chronic diseases and conditions that may affect the oral health and oral health self-care of independent living Chilean older adults. METHOD In all, 4,766 residents aged 60 years and older took part in the study. Participants were interviewed using an 11-module instrument, including demographic data, quality of life, nutritional status, systemic diseases, and lists of medications. RESULTS Participants with cognitive impediments (n = 553) were eliminated from further analysis. Of the remaining 4,213, 61.2% were female. The mean age was 71.1 (SD = 7.8) years. A total of 19.6% reported no medical conditions, 53.1% reported one or two conditions, and 27.3% reported between three and nine conditions. The most commonly reported conditions were high blood pressure (78.0%), diabetes (26.5%), depression (23.4%), and cardiovascular disease (18.7%). Seventy-six percent reported taking medication, with an average of 3.4 drugs per person. Among those taking medication, 70.2% were taking at least one that may cause salivary hypofunction. DISCUSSION With the aging of Chile and the reciprocal links between oral disease and chronic diseases, policies and innovative initiatives need to be implemented so that programs become affordable and accessible for this population.
Collapse
|