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Todayama N, Hara R, Tabata T, Hatanaka Y, Mukai T, Someya M, Kuwazawa M, Suzuki H, Hironaka S, Kawate N, Furuya J. Systemic and Oral Characteristics of Convalescent Inpatients Requiring Oral-Health Management by a Dental Specialist during Hospitalization. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:82. [PMID: 38920438 PMCID: PMC11203306 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Older adults often experience poor oral functions, hindering rehabilitation post-acute disease treatment. However, characteristics of hospitalized patients who would benefit from professional oral-health management (POHM) have not been clarified. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate systemic and oral characteristics of patients requiring POHM during hospitalization in a convalescent hospital. This study included 312 participants admitted to the rehabilitation department of a convalescent hospital for a year. The patients were categorized according to POHM requirements (no-POHM group: 137 patients; POHM group: 175 patients) by discharge. Age, sex, primary disease at admission, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM), Mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF), Functional oral intake scale (FOIS), number of present and functional teeth, Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) scores, and POHM details provided during patient hospitalization were compared. Binomial logistic-regression analysis identified patients requiring POHM as those who had suffered a stroke and had a low number of present teeth, poor overall oral health, low food form, and low motor skills at admission. A high percentage of POHM interventions comprised oral-hygiene care and denture treatment. In summary, patients whose oral health has deteriorated and those experiencing oral-intake difficulties upon admission to a convalescent hospital may require oral-health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Todayama
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Ryuzo Hara
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Tomohiro Tabata
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Yukiko Hatanaka
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Tomoko Mukai
- Division of Oral Function Management, Department of Oral Health Management, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan;
| | - Mika Someya
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Miki Kuwazawa
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
- Dental Department, Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama 227-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Shouji Hironaka
- Department of Hygiene and Oral Health, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan;
| | - Nobuyuki Kawate
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan;
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Oral Function Management, Graduate School of Dentistry, Showa University, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (N.T.); (R.H.); (T.T.); (Y.H.); (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
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Nrecaj A, Takeshita L, Moreira YM, Schimmel M, Leles CR, Srinivasan M. Reliability between the two-colour chewing gum and the gummy-jelly tests used for the assessment of masticatory performance. J Oral Rehabil 2024; 51:954-961. [PMID: 38379391 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of two methods used to assess masticatory performance and attempt to correlate them to achieve interchangeability between the methods. METHODS Twelve healthy dentate volunteers (men = 6, women = 6; mean age = 28.3 ± 4.1) with no known dental or medical pathologies were requested to participate in this study. Each participant completed three masticatory performance assessments, including two two-colour mixing-ability tests using chewing-gums (CG: gum#1 and gum#2) and the gummy-jelly (GJ) test. For each method, participants created five samples each (total = 15 measurements per participant, gum#1 = 5, gum#2 = 5, GJ = 5). For the gum#1 and gum#2 methods, the predetermined chewing cycles were fixed at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 cycles, and for the GJ method, the time duration was fixed at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 s. The parameter measures were submitted to Z-score transformation, and Bland-Altman plots were generated to graphically compare the differences between two techniques against their means. Additionally, mountain plot was used to assess the cumulative distribution of measurement error between the methods. RESULTS A total of 180 measurements were recorded. There were significant correlations between the number of chewing cycles/chewing time and masticatory performance using the gum#1 (r = -.753; p < .001), gum#2 (r = -.838; p < .001) and GJ (r = .730). When all tests were considered together for each method, significant correlations were found (p < .001). A descriptive range of mean values aiming to produce reference value ranges for predictive purposes was achieved considering the interchangeably among the methods [CG = GJ (VoH-mg = dL): 10 cycle = 10 s: 0.329 = 110; 15 cycles = 15 s: 0.177 = 164; 20 cycles = 20 s: 0.130 = 205; 25 cycles = 25 s: 0.086 = 200; 30 cycles = 30 s: 0.077 = 267]. CONCLUSION The strong correlations and high consistency between the two masticatory performance methods found in this study conclude that the two assessment methods are reliable and interchangeable. Further evaluations are warranted to arrive at a conversion formula for translation of the results between the two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Nrecaj
- Clinic of General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lisa Takeshita
- Clinic of General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin Schimmel
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cláudio Rodrigues Leles
- Clinic of General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, Brazil
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Murali Srinivasan
- Clinic of General-, Special Care- and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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de Mateo Silleras B, Barrera Ortega S, Carreño Enciso L, de la Cruz Marcos S, Redondo del Río P. Prevalence of Malnutrition in a Group of Institutionalized Psychogeriatric Patients Using Different Diagnostic Criteria. Nutrients 2024; 16:1116. [PMID: 38674807 PMCID: PMC11053945 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition (MN) is a highly prevalent condition in the elderly. It is associated with functional impairment, disability, frailty, and sarcopenia. The aim was to analyze the capacity of GLIM and ESPEN criteria to diagnose MN in a sample of institutionalized psychogeriatric patients. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected in a cross-sectional study. Patients' frailty, dependence, functional capacity, MNA, hand-grip strength (HS), and sarcopenia were evaluated. Body composition (BC) was estimated by conventional bioimpedance analysis. MN diagnosis was established using the ESPEN and the GLIM criteria based on fat-free mass index (GLIM-FFMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (GLIM-ASMMI), skeletal muscle mass index (GLIM-SMMI), and HS (mGLIM). Ninety-two patients (57.6% men; mean age: 79.4 years) were studied. Depending on the diagnosis criteria, MN prevalence was between 25% (ESPEN) and 41.3% (GLIM-SMMI). Agreement between ESPEN and all GLIM criteria was poor, but it was excellent between all GLIM criteria (kappa > 0.8). Phenotypic criteria carried more weight in the diagnosis of MN than etiological ones. Depending on the parameter used, the prevalence of reduced muscle mass was notably different. Differences in BMI, BC, inflammation, and albumin are detected by the GLIM-FFMI criteria in the MN and non-MN subjects. Also, this criterion is the only one that identified differences in phase angle (PhA) between these groups. In the elderly, PhA can be very useful to monitor nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Mateo Silleras
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (B.d.M.S.); (L.C.E.); (P.R.d.R.)
- Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Barrera Ortega
- Psycho-Geriatric Area, Assistance Center of San Juan de Dios, 34005 Palencia, Spain;
| | - Laura Carreño Enciso
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (B.d.M.S.); (L.C.E.); (P.R.d.R.)
| | - Sandra de la Cruz Marcos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (B.d.M.S.); (L.C.E.); (P.R.d.R.)
| | - Paz Redondo del Río
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain; (B.d.M.S.); (L.C.E.); (P.R.d.R.)
- Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC), 08029 Barcelona, Spain
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Miyahara S, Maeda K, Kawamura K, Matsui Y, Onaka M, Satake S, Arai H. Concordance in oral frailty five-item checklist and oral hypofunction: Examining their respective characteristics. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 118:105305. [PMID: 38056104 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined the diagnostic concordance and characteristics of the oral frailty five-item checklist (OF-5) and oral hypofunction (OHF). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this extensive cross-sectional study, older adults were enrolled at a research hospital frailty clinic between July 2021 and July 2023. The diagnosis of OF-5 and OHF was conducted using the proposed assessment methods. The concordance rate of these criteria was determined by evaluating each patient and calculating the number of patients meeting each diagnosis's criteria. Patients who tested negative for the OF-5 and OHF criteria and those who met only one criterion were included in the OF-5 and OHF characteristic analysis. RESULTS A total of 248 patients were included in the analysis (mean age 77.6 ± 6.8 years; 36.7 % men). Among the patients, 114 (46.0 %) and 116 (46.8 %) met the OF-5 and OHF criteria, respectively. Furthermore, 78 (31.5 %) participants met both the OF-5 and OHF criteria, whereas 96 (38.7 %) did not meet either criterion. Moreover, 36 (14.5 %) and 38 (15.3 %) patients tested exclusively positive for OF-5 and OHF, respectively. The OF-5-positive and OHF-negative group showed an older age, lower Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score, and higher fall risk than the OF-5-negative and OHF-negative group. However, no significant differences were observed between the OF-5-negative and OHF-positive and OF-5-negative and OHF-negative groups. CONCLUSION The concordance rate of OF-5 and OHF diagnoses was 70.2 %. OF-5 showed a potential association with nutritional status and fall risk. Further longitudinal analyses are warranted to explore our study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzo Miyahara
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Nutrition Therapy Support Center, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
| | - Koki Kawamura
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yasumoto Matsui
- Center for Frailty and Locomotive Syndrome, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masami Onaka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Shosuke Satake
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan; Department of Frailty Research, Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Morioka-cho, Obu City, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
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Kumar A, Almotairy N, Merzo JJ, Wendin K, Rothenberg E, Grigoriadis A, Sandborgh-Englund G, Trulsson M. Chewing and its influence on swallowing, gastrointestinal and nutrition-related factors: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11987-12017. [PMID: 35837677 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that chewing is a mechanical and physiological contributor to swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), and nutrition-related factors. A search strategy was applied to three different databases to investigate if chewing function in adults affects the swallowing, physiologic/pathologic processes of the GIT, and nutrition-related factors compared to controls with no exposure. The included studies were evaluated for methodological quality and risk of bias and certainty of evidence. The results showed 71 eligible studies. Overall, the results showed that 46 studies supported the hypothesis while 25 refuted it. However, the GRADE analysis showed low to very low certainty of the evidence to support the hypothesis that chewing is an important contributor in the swallowing process, and physiologic/pathologic processes in the GIT. The GRADE analysis also showed a moderate to very low certainty of the evidence to suggest that chewing function contributes to nutrition-related parameters. The overall results of the current study showed that a majority (64.7%) of the studies (46 out of 71) supported the hypothesis. However, robust studies with proper design, adequate sample size, and well-defined outcome parameters are needed to establish conclusive evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nabeel Almotairy
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Karin Wendin
- Food and Meal Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Elisabet Rothenberg
- Food and Meal Science, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
- Facutly of Health Sciences, Kristianstad University, Kristianstad, Sweden
| | - Anastasios Grigoriadis
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Sandborgh-Englund
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Center for Geriatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Trulsson
- Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Academic Center for Geriatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Limpuangthip N, Komin O. Association between oral hypofunction and general health: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:591. [PMID: 37620920 PMCID: PMC10463691 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral hypofunction comprises 7 oral function conditions, including mastication, swallowing, pronouncing, oral hygiene, and oral dryness. However, it remains unresolved whether having oral hypofunction and each individual condition adversely affect general health. This study aimed to investigate the association between oral hypofunction and general health, encompassing physical, psychological, and social dimensions. METHODS Oral hypofunction was diagnosed following the criteria proposed by the 2016 Japan Society of Gerodontology, comprising 7 oral function conditions. Oral hypofunction was diagnosed when at least 3 conditions presented. The selected studies eligible for reviewing were based on the PI(E)CO criteria: P (population), adult and older adults; I/E (intervention/exposure), having oral hypofunction by considering overall and individual 7 oral function conditions; C (comparator), not having oral hypofunction; O (outcome), the general health status, encompassing physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Electronic search limited to English articles was performed through PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews databases from January 2016 to June 2023. The included studies were assessed for quaility and risk of bias using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Qualitative analyses were performed on the general outcome, and having oral hypofunction considering overall and individual oral function conditions. RESULTS Ten studies were included in the final syntheses. One was a prospective cohort, one was a case-control, and the others were cross-sectional studies. All included studies were high quality. General health outcomes were mostly frailty, sarcopenia, and malnutrition, whereas mild cognitive impairment,social withdrawal, and gastric cancer prognosis were identified in one of the included studies. The association between general health and having oral hypofunction was stronger than when considering an individual condition. The health outcomes were predominantly associated with mastication and swallowing, whereas their relationships with oral hygiene and dryness were less likely to be reported. CONCLUSIONS The present review found an association between the presence of oral hypofunction and impaired general health. However, the specific impact on individual physical, psychological, and social dimensions cannot be distinctly delineated. Further prospective studies are required to clarify the causal-effect relationship between oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nareudee Limpuangthip
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orapin Komin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Bian W, Li Y, Wang Y, Chang L, Deng L, Li Y, Jiang H, Zhou P. Prevalence of malnutrition based on global leadership initiative in malnutrition criteria for completeness of diagnosis and future risk of malnutrition based on current malnutrition diagnosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1174945. [PMID: 37469547 PMCID: PMC10352804 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1174945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The proposal of the global leadership initiative in malnutrition (GLIM) criteria has received great attention from clinicians. The criteria are mainly used in the research environment and have the potential to be widely used in the clinic in the future. However, the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of future malnutrition based on a current diagnosis of malnutrition are worth exploring. Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed from the earliest available date to 1 February 2023. According to the diagnostic criteria of the GLIM, we analysed the prevalence of malnutrition by directly adopting the GLIM criteria for diagnosis without a previous nutritional risk screening (one-step approach) and by adopting the GLIM criteria for diagnosis after a nutritional risk screening (two-step approach). The main outcome was the prevalence of malnutrition based on the one-and two-step approaches. Secondary outcomes were the future risk of malnutrition based on the GLIM diagnosis, including mortality within and beyond 1 year. primary outcomes were pooled using random-effects models, and secondary outcomes are presented as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A total of 64 articles were included in the study, including a total of 47,654 adult hospitalized patients and 15,089 malnourished patients based on the GLIM criteria. Malnutrition was diagnosed by the one-step approach in 18 studies and by the two-step approach in 46 studies. The prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the one-and two-step approaches was 53% (95% CI, 42%-64%) and 39% (95% CI, 0.35%-0.43%), respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the GLIM criteria after a nutritional risk screening was quite different; the prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) GLIM tool was 35% (95% CI, 29%-40%); however, the prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the Mini Nutrition Assessment (MNA) GLIM tool was 48% (95% CI, 35%-62%). Among the disease types, the prevalence of malnutrition in cancer patients was 44% (95% CI, 36%-52%), while that in acute and critically ill patients was 44% (95% CI, 33%-56%). The prevalence in patients in internal medicine wards was 40% (95% CI, 34%-45%), while that in patients in surgical wards was 47% (95% CI, 30%-64%). In addition, the mortality risk within 1 year (HR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.95-3.52; I2 = 77.1%) and beyond 1 year (HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.70-2.45; I2 = 59.9%) of patients diagnosed with malnutrition by the GLIM criteria was double that of patients with normal nutrition. Conclusion The prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the GLIM criteria after a nutritional risk screening was significantly lower than the prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed directly by the GLIM criteria. In addition, the mortality risk was significantly greater among malnourished patients assessed by the GLIM criteria.Systematic review registration: identifier CRD42023398454.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Bian
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Li
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Chang
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yulian Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Institute of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Cederholm T, Barazzoni R. Validity and feasibility of the global leadership initiative on malnutrition diagnostic concept in older people: a literature review from August 2021 to August 2022. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2023; 26:23-31. [PMID: 36485034 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Early 2019, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) concept offered a clinically applicable and objective procedure for diagnosing malnutrition. This review summarizes 40 publications from August 2021 to August 2022 that applied the GLIM criteria in older populations from various clinical settings for criterion and predictive validation. RECENT FINDINGS Criterion validity studies, by comparing the GLIM construct with various semi-gold standards such as SGA, PG-SGA, MNA-FF/SF and ESPEN criteria, indicate by sensitivity, specificity and agreement that GLIM performs at least as well as the other tools to capture malnutrition. One meta-analysis of 20 studies with various comparators reports high accuracy for distinguishing malnutrition. GLIM-malnutrition prevalence figures vary with screening tool. Predictive validity of GLIM for mortality, and other outcomes, is good in all settings reported. Sarcopenia and GLIM show some expected overlapping. SUMMARY In populations more than 60 years old, the GLIM construct appears to have well acceptable criterion validity as well as predictive validity. The continuous implementation of the GLIM concept is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Cederholm
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University. Theme Ageing, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rocco Barazzoni
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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A scoping review on the GLIM criteria for malnutrition diagnosis: Understanding how and for which purpose it has been applied in studies on hospital settings. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:29-44. [PMID: 36473426 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This scoping review aimed to identify and map the literature on malnutrition diagnosis made using the GLIM criteria in hospitalized patients. METHODS The scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science (until 16 April 2022) to identify studies based on the 'population' (adults or elderly patients), 'concept' (malnutrition diagnosis by the GLIM criteria), and 'context' (hospital settings) framework. Titles/abstracts were screened, and two independent reviewers extracted data from eligible studies. RESULTS Ninety-six studies were eligible (35.4% from China, 30.2% involving oncological patients, and 30.5% with prospective data collection), 32 followed the two-step GLIM approach, and 50 applied all the criteria. All the studies evaluated body mass index (BMI), while 92.7% evaluated weight loss; 77.1%, muscle mass; 93.8%, inflammation; and 70.8%, energy intake. A lack of details on the methods adopted for criterion evaluation was observed in five (muscle mass evaluation) to 40 studies (energy intake evaluation). The frequency of the use of the GLIM criteria ranged from 22.2% (frequency of low BMI) to 84.7% (frequency of inflammation), and the malnutrition prevalence ranged from 0.96% to 87.9%. Less than 30% of studies aimed to assess the GLIM criterion validity, eight studies cited the guidance on validation of the GLIM criteria, and a minority implemented it. CONCLUSIONS This map of studies on the GLIM criteria in hospital settings demonstrated that they are applied in a heterogeneous manner, with a wide range of malnutrition prevalence. Almost 50% of the studies applied all the criteria, while one-third followed the straightforward two-step approach. The recommendations of the guidance on validation of the criteria were scarcely adhered to. The gaps that need to be explored in future studies have been highlighted.
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Okuno K, Kobuchi R, Morita S, Masago A, Imaoka M, Takahashi K. Relationships between the Nutrition Status and Oral Measurements for Sarcopenia in Older Japanese Adults. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11247382. [PMID: 36555998 PMCID: PMC9785267 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11247382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationships between the risk of malnutrition as a preliminary stage of malnutrition and overall and oral measurements for sarcopenia in older Japanese adults. METHODS Forty-five participants (79.7 ± 6.1 years) were included in the analysis. The nutrition status of the participants was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and classified into two groups: normal and at risk of malnutrition. Overall measurements for sarcopenia in the present study were the skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, and walking speed, while oral measurements were the cross-sectional area of the geniohyoid muscle, tongue pressure (TP), and oral diadochokinesis. RESULTS MNA-SF correlated with TP (r = 0.347, p = 0.019). We observed decreases of 5.7 kPa in TP and 3.9 kg/cm2 in BMI in the at risk of malnutrition group. A multiple regression analysis of parameters contributing to the risk of malnutrition identified TP as an independent variable (β = 0.913, p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS The present results demonstrate that the risk of malnutrition is associated with TP as an oral measurement for sarcopenia, but not overall measurements for sarcopenia. Therefore, low TP may be related with the risk of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Okuno
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-66910-1050
| | - Ryuichiro Kobuchi
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
| | - Suguru Morita
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
- Department of Dentistry and Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Chikaishi Hospital, Medical Corporation Touhoukai, 2-46, Hikari-machi, Gifu-shi 502-0901, Japan
| | - Ayako Masago
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
| | - Masaaki Imaoka
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takahashi
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Osaka Dental University, 1-8, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata-shi 573-1121, Japan
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Kang JH, Hong SW. Risk Factors of Frailty in Patients with Distal Radius Fractures. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2022; 13:21514593221094736. [PMID: 35450302 PMCID: PMC9016613 DOI: 10.1177/21514593221094736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for the incidence of
frailty in patients with distal radius fractures (DRFs). Methods In total, 116 patients (mean age, 66.3 ± 7.7 years) with DRFs were recruited.
The participants were categorized into two groups, “frail” and “non-frail,”
according to the presence or absence of frailty, respectively. The areal
bone mineral densities (aBMDs) of the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar
spine were measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The
participants’ levels of resilience, depression, anxiety, nutritional intake,
oral health-related quality of life, and social support were evaluated by
self-reported questionnaires. The participants’ grip strength, gait speed,
number of teeth present in their oral cavities, circumference of their upper
arms and calves, and serum levels of vitamin D were also assessed. Results The participants in the “frail” group seemed to have lower aBMDs and muscle
function and mass than those in the “non-frail” group. There were
significant differences in grip strength, calf circumference, gait speed,
and aBMD of the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine between the
groups. There were also significant differences in the levels of resilience
and depression between the groups. A multivariate logistic regression
analyses demonstrated that levels of sarcopenia, malnutritional status, and
aBMDs of the total hip and femoral neck had significant relationships with
the development of frailty in patients with DRFs. Conclusions An interdisciplinary approach involving the management of osteoporosis,
sarcopenia, oral health, social relationships, and psychological support
would be required for the proper management of DRF patients in preventing
frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kang
- Clinic of Oral Medicine and Orofacial Pain, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seok Woo Hong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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