1
|
Igarashi T, Iijima K, Nitta K, Chen Y. Detailed Analysis of Responses from Older Adults through Natural Speech: Comparison of Questions by AI Agents and Humans. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:1170. [PMID: 39338053 PMCID: PMC11431598 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21091170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have begun to use conversational data in spontaneous speech to estimate cognitive function in older people. The providers of spontaneous speech with older people used to be physicians and licensed psychologists, but it is now possible to have conversations with fully automatic AI agents. However, it has not yet been clarified what differences exist in conversational communication with older people when the examiner is either a human or an AI agent. In this study, elderly people living in the community and attending a silver human resource center and a day service center were the subjects. Dialogues were conducted using generic interview items for estimating cognitive function through daily conversation, which were developed through research on estimation methods for cognitive function. From the data obtained from the dialogues, we compared the effects of human-AI interaction on the number of utterances, speaking time, and silence time. This study was conducted at a facility in Japan and included 32 subjects (12 males and 20 females). The results showed significant differences between human and AI dialogue in the number of utterances and silent time. This study suggests the effectiveness of AI in communication with older people and explores the possibility of using AI in social welfare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Igarashi
- Simulation of Complex Systems Lab, Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 277-8563, Japan
- AI-UX Design Research Institution, Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, 10-40 Higashi-Oi 1-Chome, Shinagawa, Tokyo 140-0011, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute of Gerontology (IOG), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute for Future Initiatives (IFI), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kunio Nitta
- Tsukushikai Medical Corporation, Tokyo 186-0005, Japan
| | - Yu Chen
- Simulation of Complex Systems Lab, Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 277-8563, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ariesen AMD, Tuomainen RE, De Deyn PP, Tucha O, Koerts J. Let Us Talk Money: Subjectively Reported Financial Performance of People Living with Neurodegenerative Diseases-A Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2024; 34:668-719. [PMID: 37594689 PMCID: PMC11166770 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) form a heterogeneous, widespread group of disorders, generally characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric disturbances. One of the abilities that seems particularly vulnerable to the impairments in neurodegenerative diseases is the capability to manage one's personal finances. Indeed, people living with neurodegenerative diseases were shown to consistently present with more problems on performance-based financial tasks than healthy individuals. While objective, performance-based tasks provide insight into the financial competence of people living with neurodegenerative diseases in a controlled, standardized setting; relatively little can be said, based on these tasks, about their degree of success in dealing with the financial demands, issues, or questions of everyday life (i.e., financial performance). The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the literature examining self and informant reports of financial performance in people living with neurodegenerative diseases. In total, 22 studies were included that compared the financial performance of people living with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease, or multiple sclerosis to a (cognitively) normal control group. Overall, the results indicate that people living with neurodegenerative diseases are more vulnerable to impairments in financial performance than cognitively normal individuals and that the degree of reported problems seems to be related to the severity of cognitive decline. As the majority of studies however focused on MCI or AD and made use of limited assessment methods, future research should aim to develop and adopt more comprehensive assessments to study strengths and weaknesses in financial performance of people living with different neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akke-Marij D Ariesen
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Roosa E Tuomainen
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Middelheim General Hospital (ZNA), Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Janneke Koerts
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ross SD, Kreß J, Rodriguez FS. Self-perceived problems in daily activities and strategy building in people with different stages of dementia. Psychogeriatrics 2024; 24:108-116. [PMID: 38014476 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with dementia experience severe problems in their daily lives. However, little is known about self-perceived problems in the course of dementia. The aim of our study was to assess self-perceived problems with daily activities as well as individually developed strategies of older people of different cognitive status. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants (mean age 67.6 years, 56% female, 24% healthy, 28% mild dementia, 48% severe dementia). Questions addressed problems in daily activities, their occurrence and the behaviour toward them, and their developed strategies. Information was summarized quantitatively and evaluated using the chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests. RESULTS Self-perceived problems included awareness of physical and cognitive deficits in managing daily life, disturbing factors, and lost autonomy. Increased cognitive impairment was associated with more problems in daily life, even though people with severe dementia seemed not to recognize them. The most frequently reported strategies included orderliness, doing things immediately, and the use of external aids. While healthy people and those with mild dementia developed strategies, those with severe dementia reported only few strategies. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that self-perceived problems in daily life and strategy development are strongest in mild dementia, while people with more severe dementia tend to perceive no problems at all while correctly reflecting their current state of dependency. Importantly, despite memory loss during early stages of dementia, strategies are still being developed. Accordingly, strategies for daily living should be taught in early dementia to sustain an independent lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina D Ross
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Research Group Psychosocial Epidemiology and Public Health, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kreß
- Darmstadt University of Applied Science, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Francisca S Rodriguez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Research Group Psychosocial Epidemiology and Public Health, Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia is a syndrome of acquired cognitive impairment which is severe enough to interfere with independent living. Over the course of the illness, people with dementia also experience changes in emotions, behaviour and social relationships. According to Alzheimer's Disease International, dementia affects approximately 55 million people worldwide. The latest NICE guideline for dementia highlights the value of diverse treatment options for the different stages and symptoms of dementia, including non-pharmacological treatments. Relevant literature also argues for the value of interventions that acknowledge the complexity of the condition and address the person as a whole, including their physical, emotional, social and cognitive processes. A growing literature highlights the capacity of the arts and has embodied practices to address this complexity. Dance movement therapy (DMT) is an embodied psychological intervention that can address complexity and thus may be useful for people with dementia, but its effectiveness remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of dance movement therapy on behavioural, social, cognitive and emotional symptoms of people with dementia in comparison to no treatment, standard care or any other treatment. Also, to compare different forms of dance movement therapy (e.g. Laban-based dance movement therapy, Chacian dance movement therapy or Authentic Movement) SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's register, MEDLINE (Ovid SP), Embase (Ovid SP), PsycINFO (Ovid SP), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate), LILACS (BIREME), ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization's meta-register of the International Clinical Trials Registry Portal until 8 December 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that included people with dementia, of any age and in any setting. The DMT intervention had to be delivered by a dance movement therapy practitioner who (i) had received formal training (ii) was a dance movement therapist in training or (iii) was otherwise recognised as a dance movement therapist in the country in which the study was conducted. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed studies for inclusion, extracted data and evaluated methodological quality. We expressed effect estimates using the mean difference (MD) between intervention groups and presented associated confidence intervals (CIs). We used GRADE methods to rate our certainty in the results. MAIN RESULTS We found only one study eligible for inclusion in this review. This was a 3-arm parallel-group RCT conducted in Hong Kong involving 204 adults with mild neurocognitive disorder or dementia. The study examined the effects of short-term (12 weeks) group DMT in comparison with exercise and a waiting-list control group immediately post-intervention and three and nine months later. We found that, at the end of the intervention, DMT may result in little to no difference in neuropsychiatric symptoms assessed with the 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory when compared with waiting list (MD 0.3, 95% CI -0.96 to 1.56; low-certainty evidence) or exercise (MD -0.30, 95% CI -1.83 to 1.23; low-certainty evidence). Nor was there any evidence of effects at later time points. Cognitive functioning was assessed with a variety of instruments and there were no statistically significant between-group differences (low-certainty evidence). When compared to exercise or waiting list, DMT may result in little to no difference in cognitive function immediately after the intervention or at follow-up. In comparison to waiting list, DMT may result in a slight reduction in depression assessed with the 4-item Geriatric Depression Scale at the end of therapy (MD -0.60, 95% CI -0.96 to -0.24; low-certainty evidence). This slight positive effect of DMT on depression scores was sustained at three and nine months after the completion of the intervention. DMT may also reduce depression slightly in comparison with exercise at the end of therapy (MD -0.40, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.04, low-certainty evidence), an effect also sustained at three and nine months. Our fourth primary outcome, quality of life, was not assessed in the included study. There were data for two of our secondary outcomes, social and occupational functioning and dropouts (which we used as a proxy for acceptability), but in both cases the evidence was of very low certainty and hence our confidence in the results was very low. For all outcomes, we considered the certainty of the evidence in relation to our review objectives to be low or very low in GRADE terms due to indirectness (because not all participants in the included study had a diagnosis of dementia) and imprecision. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This review included one RCT with a low risk of bias. Due to the low certainty of the evidence, the true effects of DMT as an intervention for dementia may be substantially different from those found. More RCTs are needed to determine with any confidence whether DMT has beneficial effects on dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Karkou
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Health, Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Supritha Aithal
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine , Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Michael Richards
- Research Centre for Arts and Wellbeing, Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine , Edge Hill University , Ormskirk, UK
| | - Ellean Hiley
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine , Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu Y, Wang Y, Dong Y, Shu S, Zhang D, Xu J, Zhang Y, Shi W, Wang SL. Butyl benzyl phthalate as a key component of phthalate ester in relation to cognitive impairment in NHANES elderly individuals and experimental mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:47544-47560. [PMID: 36746855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates are a group of neurotoxicants with cognitive-disrupting potentials. Given the structural diversity of phthalates, the corresponding neurotoxicity is dramatically altered. To identify the potential contributions of different phthalates on the process of cognitive impairment, data of 836 elders from the NHANES 2011-2014 cycles were used. Survey-weighted logistic regression and principal component analysis-weighted quantile sum regression (PCA-WQSR) models were applied to estimate the independent and combined associations of 11 urinary phthalate metabolites with cognitive deficit (assessed by 4 tests: Immediate Recall (IR), Delayed Recall (DR), Animal Fluency (AF), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST)) and to identify the potential phthalate with high weight. Laboratory mice were further used to examine the effect of phthalates on cognitive function and to explore the potential mechanisms. In logistic regression models, MBzP was the only metabolite positively correlated with four tests, with ORs of 2.53 (quartile 3 (Q3)), 2.26 (Q3), 2.89 (Q4) and 2.45 (Q2), 2.82 (Q4) for IR, DR, AF, and DSST respectively. In PCA-WQSR co-exposure models, low-molecular-weight (LMW) phthalates were the only PC positively linked to DSST deficit (OR: 1.93), which was further validated in WQSR analysis (WQS OR7-phthalates: 1.56 and WQS OR8-phthalates: 1.55); consistent with the results of logistic regression, MBzP was the dominant phthalate. In mice, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), the parent phthalate of MBzP, dose-dependently reduced cognitive function and disrupted hippocampal neurons. Additionally, the hippocampal transcriptome analysis identified 431 differential expression genes, among which most were involved in inhibiting the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and activating the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. Our study indicates the critical role of BBP in the association of phthalates and cognitive deficits among elderly individuals, which might be speculated that BBP could disrupt hippocampal neurons, activate neuroinflammation, and inhibit neuroactive receptors. Our findings provide new insight into the cognitive-disrupting potential of BBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuge Shu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sadovnikova IS, Gureev AP, Ignatyeva DA, Gryaznova MV, Chernyshova EV, Krutskikh EP, Novikova AG, Popov VN. Nrf2/ARE Activators Improve Memory in Aged Mice via Maintaining of Mitochondrial Quality Control of Brain and the Modulation of Gut Microbiome. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:607. [PMID: 34201885 PMCID: PMC8308546 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the most serious factors for central nervous dysfunctions, which lead to cognitive impairment. New highly effective drugs are required to slow the development of cognitive dysfunction. This research studied the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), methylene blue (MB), and resveratrol (RSV) on the cognitive functions of 15-month-old mice and their relationship to the maintenance of mitochondrial quality control in the brain and the bacterial composition of the gut microbiome. We have shown that studied compounds enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, and antioxidant defense in the hippocampus of 15-month-old mice via Nrf2/ARE pathway activation, which reduces the degree of oxidative damage to mtDNA. It is manifested in the improvement of short-term and long-term memory. We have also shown that memory improvement correlates with levels of Roseburia, Oscillibacter, ChristensenellaceaeR-7, Negativibacillus, and Faecalibaculum genera of bacteria. At the same time, long-term treatment by MB induced a decrease in gut microbiome diversity, but the other markers of dysbiosis were not observed. Thus, Nrf2/ARE activators have an impact on mitochondrial quality control and are associated with a positive change in the composition of the gut microbiome, which together lead to an improvement in memory in aged mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Sadovnikova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
| | - Artem P. Gureev
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Daria A. Ignatyeva
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
| | - Maria V. Gryaznova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V. Chernyshova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
| | - Ekaterina P. Krutskikh
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
| | - Anastasia G. Novikova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
| | - Vasily N. Popov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (I.S.S.); (D.A.I.); (M.V.G.); (E.V.C.); (E.P.K.); (A.G.N.); (V.N.P.)
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| |
Collapse
|