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Zhang X, Dai S, Jiang X, Huang W, Zhou Q, Wang S. The pathways from disadvantaged socioeconomic status in childhood to edentulism in mid-to-late adulthood over the life-course. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:150. [PMID: 37553562 PMCID: PMC10408210 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-01865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the direct and indirect pathways from childhood socioeconomic status (SES) to the prevalence of edentulism in mid-to-late age Chinese individuals using structural equation modeling (SEM). METHODS This study analyzed data from 17,032 mid- to-late age Chinese individuals in the 2014 and 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Childhood SES was determined based on the parents' education and occupation, financial situation of the family, primary residence, food availability, and medical convenience. Adulthood SES was established according to educational achievements of the individuals. Edentulism is defined as the loss of all natural teeth. SEM was used to examine the statistical significance of the association between childhood SES and edentulism, mediated by childhood health, adulthood SES, and adult health. RESULTS Childhood SES had significant indirect (β = -0.026, p < 0.01), and total (β = -0.040, p < 0.01) effects on edentulism. It was determined that 65% of the total effect of childhood SES on edentulism was indirect, and mainly mediated by adult SES. Also, the goodness-of-fit indices of the best-fitting model were acceptable. CONCLUSION This study revealed that childhood health, adult health and adult SES are mediators that explain the relationship between childhood SES and edentulism. The global attention to alleviate the inequality in edentulism should focus on exploring recommendations and intervention strategies from childhood to adulthood, by considering adult SES, childhood and adult health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Zhang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
- Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Shuping Dai
- School of Marxism, Handong Women's University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Stomatology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- School of Management, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qiong Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Jiangsu Lianyungang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, 222007, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Migraine and Neuroticism: A Scoping Review. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12020030. [PMID: 35200282 PMCID: PMC8869701 DOI: 10.3390/bs12020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Headache is the first cause of consultation in neurology, and one of the most frequent reasons for consultation in general medicine. Migraine is one of the most common, prevalent, and socioeconomically impactful disabling primary headache disorders. Neuroticism can be conceptualized as a disposition to suffer anxiety and emotional disorders in general. Neuroticism has been associated with various mental and physical disorders (e.g., chronic pain, depression), including migraine. With the aim to explore in depth the relationship between migraine and neuroticism, and contribute to the understanding of this relation in order to provide a better treatment for migraine patients based on a personalized and more comprehensive approach, a scoping review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Databases were searched independently by the two researchers, reaching a final set of 18 articles to be included. The search terms were: migraine and neuroticism. Neuroticism seems to be highly prevalent in migraine patients. Findings reveal that migraine patients with comorbid depression and anxiety showed higher levels of neuroticism. Depression has been associated with an increased risk of transformation from episodic to chronic migraine whereas neuroticism might be a mediator factor. Neuroticism also might be a mediator factor between childhood maltreatment and migraine. The revision conducted confirms that: (1) Migraine patients usually have a higher level of neuroticism and vulnerability to negative affect, compared to non-migraineurs and tension-type headache patients. (2) Neuroticism is associated with migraine. Nonetheless, more research is needed to clarify potential moderators of this relationship and the role of neuroticism itself in this disease. This knowledge might be useful in order to promote a better management of negative emotions as part of intervention programs in migraine.
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Stubberud A, Buse DC, Kristoffersen ES, Linde M, Tronvik E. Is there a causal relationship between stress and migraine? Current evidence and implications for management. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:155. [PMID: 34930118 PMCID: PMC8685490 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the literature investigating a causal relationship between stress and migraine and evaluate its implications for managing migraine. Methods PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL were searched from 1988 to August 2021, identifying 2223 records evaluating the relationship between stress and migraine. Records were systematically screened. All potentially relevant records were thematically categorized into six mechanistic groups. Within each group the most recent reports providing new insights were cited. Results First, studies have demonstrated an association of uncertain causality between high stress loads from stressful life events, daily hassles or other sources, and the incidence of new-onset migraine. Second, major stressful life events seem to precede the transformation from episodic to chronic migraine. Third, there is some evidence for changes in levels of stress as a risk factor for migraine attacks. Research also suggests there may be a reversed causality or that stress-trigger patterns are too individually heterogeneous for any generalized causality. Fourth, migraine symptom burden seems to increase in a setting of stress, partially driven by psychiatric comorbidity. Fifth, stress may induce sensitization and altered cortical excitability, partially explaining attack triggering, development of chronic migraine, and increased symptom burden including interictal symptom burden such as allodynia, photophobia or anxiety. Finally, behavioral interventions and forecasting models including stress variables seem to be useful in managing migraine. Conclusion The exact causal relationships in which stress causes incidence, chronification, migraine attacks, or increased burden of migraine remains unclear. Several individuals benefit from stress-oriented therapies, and such therapies should be offered as an adjuvant to conventional treatment and to those with a preference. Further understanding the relationship between stress, migraine and effective therapeutic options is likely to be improved by characterizing individual patterns of stress and migraine, and may in turn improve therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anker Stubberud
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. .,National Advisory Unit on Headaches, Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Dawn C Buse
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Espen Saxhaug Kristoffersen
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of General Practice, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mattias Linde
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Headaches, Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erling Tronvik
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,National Advisory Unit on Headaches, Department of Neurology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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4
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The Psychiatric Comorbidities of Migraine in Children and Adolescents. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2021; 25:69. [PMID: 34766216 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-021-00983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Understanding comorbidities in migraine is important because it can help us understand disease pathophysiology while also aiding the development of more effective treatment strategies. Additionally, it can provide greater awareness about appropriate diagnosis, the need for additional disease screening, and the natural history of migraine. Psychiatric comorbidities have been independently studied in both adults and children with migraine because their presentations can be distinct, and the physiology in these two groups can be different. RECENT FINDINGS While symptoms of anxiety and depression seem to be comorbid with migraine in children, clinically significant disease does not appear to be, though the clarity of these data is limited by overlap between migraine symptomatology and that assessed by many screening tools. Functional neurologic disorders like psychogenic non-epileptic episodes (PNEE) and other functional movement disorders are not common but can be comorbid with migraine in this population and tend to improve with migraine treatment. The number of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) a child is exposed to seems to be near-linearly associated with risk of migraine, but not with tension-type headache (TTH). The findings from these studies underscore the importance of utilizing appropriate screening methodologies for identifying psychiatric disorders in children with migraine. Additionally, the role of the insula, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the serotonergic system, and the instability of hyperactivated neural networks may underlie the pathophysiology of both migraine and its psychiatric comorbidities.
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Krinner LM, Warren-Findlow J, Bowling J, Issel LM, Reeve CL. The dimensionality of adverse childhood experiences: A scoping review of ACE dimensions measurement. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 121:105270. [PMID: 34419902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite extensive research, the concept of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is not fully developed and there is low agreement on how the concept should be defined and measured. The purpose of this study was to 1) identify different conceptual dimensions associated with ACEs, such as timing or frequency; and 2) determine how these dimensions have been operationalized and analyzed to this point, in order to advance the conceptual understanding of ACEs. METHODS We conducted a scoping review of empirical journal articles on ACEs published after the original ACE-Study in 1998 to summarize the use of dimensions for the 10 conventional ACE domains. We used a PRISMA methodology to identify articles that assessed at least two of the 10 conventional ACE domains and at least two ACE dimensions. A standardized data extraction spreadsheet was used to record basic article information and specifics on ACE domains and dimensions. RESULTS Of 15,417 initial search results, 61 articles met all selection criteria. We identified four primary dimensions used for most ACE domains: frequency, timing, perception, and the role of the perpetrator. Additionally, we found several secondary and domain-specific dimensions, which relate to the intensity of the adverse event. DISCUSSION We identified the most commonly used ACE dimensions, but these lack standardized phrasing of items and response options. The inclusion of ACE dimensions may increase the accuracy of the association between ACEs and health outcomes and provide for more tailored treatment plans for people who have experienced ACEs. Future research should include a more comprehensive list of ACE domains and aim to develop a clearly articulated, standardized approach to assessing and analyzing ACE dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Krinner
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States of America.
| | - Jan Warren-Findlow
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States of America.
| | - Jessamyn Bowling
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States of America.
| | - L Michele Issel
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States of America.
| | - Charlie L Reeve
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States of America.
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Jiang Z, Xu X, Zhao Y, Lv C, Liu J. Childhood maltreatment and the attribution of humanizing traits to self and others: The mediating role of the dark personality traits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Trivedi M, Dumkrieger G, Chong CD, Dodick DW, Schwedt TJ. Impact of abuse on migraine-related sensory hypersensitivity symptoms: Results from the American Registry for Migraine Research. Headache 2021; 61:740-754. [PMID: 33779989 DOI: 10.1111/head.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Prior studies have established an association between a history of abuse and the development of migraine. This cross-sectional observational study explored the relationship between self-reported abuse history with migraine-related sensory hypersensitivity symptoms. METHODS In total, 588 adult patients with migraine from the American Registry for Migraine Research completed questionnaires: Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-2 for depression, Photosensitivity Assessment Questionnaire, Hyperacusis Questionnaire, and Allodynia Symptom Checklist. Using four binary screening questions, patients were asked to self-report if they believed they had suffered emotional, physical, or sexual abuse in their lifetime. Differences in questionnaire scores between groups with and without a history of abuse were determined. Regression models adjusted for age, sex, and basic headache features analyzed the relationship between abuse history and sensory hypersensitivity symptoms. Moderation analysis explored the role of headache frequency in this relationship. Mediation analysis assessed the indirect (Mediated) effect (IE) of abuse on sensory hypersensitivity through depression or anxiety. Additional models analyzed relationships between sensory hypersensitivity symptoms and abuse subtypes or the number of abuse subtypes. RESULTS Of 588 participants, 222 (38%) reported a history of abuse. Patients with a history of abuse reported statistically significantly greater average headache frequency (7.6 vs. 4.7 days, p = 0.030). Patients with a history of abuse also reported higher average or median questionnaire scores: anxiety (7.6 vs. 4.7, p < 0.001, d = 0.56), depression (1.7 vs. 1.3, p = 0.009, d = 0.24), photophobia (0.54 vs. 0.44, p < 0.001, d = 0.32), hyperacusis (19.6 vs. 14.9, p < 0.001, d = 0.49), ictal allodynia (6.0 vs. 3.0, p < 0.001, d = 0.46), and interictal allodynia (1.0 vs. 0.0, p < 0.001, d = 0.30). After controlling for patient age, sex and years lived with headache, abuse maintained a significant association with every sensory hypersensitivity measure. Headache frequency significantly moderated the relationship between a history of abuse with increased ictal allodynia (p = 0.036). Anxiety significantly mediated the relationships between abuse with photophobia (IE = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01-0.04), hyperacusis (IE = 1.51, 95% CI = 0.91-2.24), ictal allodynia (IE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.04), and interictal allodynia (IE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.06). Depression significantly mediated the relationship between abuse with photophobia (IE = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.01-0.03) and with hyperacusis (IE = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.11-0.88). The association between the individual subtypes of abuse and the number of subtypes of abuse with sensory hypersensitivity symptoms varied. CONCLUSION A history of abuse is associated with greater migraine-related sensory hypersensitivity symptoms. To reduce the impact of abuse on migraine symptoms, future studies should explore mechanistic connections between abuse and migraine-associated symptoms.
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Personality and Headaches: Findings From Six Prospective Studies. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:118-124. [PMID: 33395215 PMCID: PMC8858382 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined the association between personality traits and concurrent and incident headaches. METHODS Participants (n = 34,989), aged 16 to 107 years were from the Midlife in the United States study, the Midlife in Japan study, the Health and Retirement Study, the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study Graduate and Siblings samples, and the Longitudinal Internet Studies for the Social Sciences. Demographic factors, personality traits, and headaches were assessed at baseline. Headaches were assessed again 4 to almost 20 years later. RESULTS Across the samples, higher neuroticism was related to a higher likelihood of concurrent (combined odd ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.28-1.55, p < .001) and incident (combined odd ratio = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12-1.46, p < .001) headaches, whereas higher extraversion was associated with a lower likelihood of concurrent (combined odd ratio = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.84-0.89, p < .001) and incident (combined odd ratio = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.96, p = .001) headaches. Higher conscientiousness (combined odd ratio = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86-0.94, p < .001) and openness (combined odd ratio = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.90-0.99, p = .025) were associated with a lower probability of reporting concurrent headaches. Agreeableness was unrelated to headaches. Sex was not a consistent moderator. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides robust evidence that neuroticism and introversion are risk factors for headaches in concurrent and prospective analyses across multiple cohorts.
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Huang Y, Heflin CM, Validova A. Material hardship, perceived stress, and health in early adulthood. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 53:69-75.e3. [PMID: 32949721 PMCID: PMC7494502 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We examined the associations between material hardship and health outcomes in early adulthood and the extent to which these associations are mediated by perceived stress. Methods We used wave I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative survey of young adults aged 18–34 years old (n = 13,313). Multivariate logistic regression and decomposition methods were used to evaluate the associations between types and depth of material hardship (food, bill-paying, and health resource hardship), health outcomes (self-rated health, depression, sleep problems, and suicidal thoughts) in early adulthood, and the extent to which these associations were mediated by perceived stress. Results The adjusted odds of fair or poor health status, depression, sleep problems, and suicidal thoughts were higher among individuals with material hardship than counterparts without. A considerable proportion of the association between material hardship and health outcomes was attributable to perceived stress. Conclusions Material hardship is associated with adverse health outcomes in early adulthood, and these relationships are robust after accounting for various sociodemographic characteristics and family background. Perceived stress accounted for a sizable portion of the effects of material hardship on health. Public Health Implications Efforts to promote health equity in young adults should focus on material hardship and associated stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Demography, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio.
| | - Colleen M Heflin
- Maxwell School of Public Affairs and Citizenship, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
| | - Asiya Validova
- Department of Demography, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio
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Anderson G. Integrating Pathophysiology in Migraine: Role of the Gut Microbiome and Melatonin. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3550-3562. [PMID: 31538885 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190920114611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathoetiology and pathophysiology of migraine are widely accepted as unknown. METHODS The current article reviews the wide array of data associated with the biological underpinnings of migraine and provides a framework that integrates previously disparate bodies of data. RESULTS The importance of alterations in stress- and pro-inflammatory cytokine- induced gut dysbiosis, especially butyrate production, are highlighted. This is linked to a decrease in the availability of melatonin, and a relative increase in the N-acetylserotonin/melatonin ratio, which has consequences for the heightened glutamatergic excitatory transmission in migraine. It is proposed that suboptimal mitochondria functioning and metabolic regulation drive alterations in astrocytes and satellite glial cells that underpin the vasoregulatory and nociceptive changes in migraine. CONCLUSION This provides a framework not only for classical migraine associated factors, such as calcitonin-gene related peptide and serotonin, but also for wider factors in the developmental pathoetiology of migraine. A number of future research and treatment implications arise, including the clinical utilization of sodium butyrate and melatonin in the management of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Anderson
- CRC Scotland & London, Eccleston Square, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Personality profile and depression in migraine: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2019; 41:543-554. [PMID: 31832997 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the clinical importance of psychological factors in migraine, the relationship between personality traits, depression, and migraine has been poorly investigated. OBJECTIVE To delineate the personality profile distinctive for migraineurs and to explore the relationship between personality traits and depression in migraineurs compared to non-migraineurs. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed up to March 2019 using PsycInfo (PROQUEST), PubMed and Scopus. Sixteen primary studies met inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS The meta-analysis on the personality defined according to Psychobiological model revealed high Harm Avoidance (Hedges'g = 0.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.01-0.60), Persistence (Hedges'g = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.01to - 0.72) and low self-directedness (Hedges'g = - 0.33; 95% CI = -0.57 to - 0.09) in migraineurs. The meta-analysis on the personality defined according to Three Factor Model revealed high neuroticism (Hedges'g = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.32-0.63) and low extraversion (Hedges'g = - 0.08; 95% CI = - 0.14 to - 0.03) in migraineurs. Meta-regression analysis revealed that neuroticism moderated the relationship between depression and migraine. CONCLUSION The findings evidenced that migraine is characterized by specific personality traits. Among them, neuroticism influenced the severity of depression in migraineurs, and, therefore, an early evaluation of the personality traits could allow identifying patients susceptible to develop migraine-associated psychopathological symptoms.
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Gonzalez-Martinez A, Rodríguez Vázquez E, de la Red Gallego H, García-Azorín D, Gallego de La Sacristana M, Guerrero Peral ÁL, Gago-Veiga AB. Association Between Personality Traits and Onabotulinumtoxin A Response in Patients With Chronic Migraine. Headache 2019; 60:153-161. [PMID: 31691958 DOI: 10.1111/head.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between personality traits and onabotulinumtoxin A (onabotA) response in patients with chronic migraine (CM). BACKGROUND Previous studies from a categorial perspective show that patients with CM have anxious or obsessive personality according to the Salamanca screening test. However, the influence of personality traits in onabotA response in patients with CM has not yet been studied. We hypothesize that cluster C personality traits may be associated with non-response to onabotA. METHODS This case-control observational study includes patients with CM who received at least 2 treatment cycles of onabotA in 2 headache units between January and May 2018. onabotA response was defined as a reduction of at least 50% in the number of monthly migraine days. Personality traits were evaluated using the Salamanca questionnaire, a validated categorial inventory assessing 11 personality traits. RESULTS One hundred and twelve patients, 100/112 (89.6%) females, mean age (standard deviation): 43 (11) years, were recruited. 96/112 (85.7%) achieved response to onabotA. Dependent trait was significantly associated with non-response to onabotA (P = .008; OR: 0.223 [95%CI: 0.074 to 0.675]). Significant association with other personality traits or confounders was not found. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study showing personality traits may predict onabotA response in patients with CM. The presence of dependent personality trait in patients with CM is associated with non-response to onabotA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Gonzalez-Martinez
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Rodríguez Vázquez
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Henar de la Red Gallego
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - David García-Azorín
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gallego de La Sacristana
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Guerrero Peral
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ana Beatriz Gago-Veiga
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa & Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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McDonald SW, Madigan S, Racine N, Benzies K, Tomfohr L, Tough S. Maternal adverse childhood experiences, mental health, and child behaviour at age 3: The all our families community cohort study. Prev Med 2019; 118:286-294. [PMID: 30468793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Links between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and threats to health and well-being later in life are well established. The current study extends those findings into younger populations of pregnant women and their children; investigating how ACEs relates to maternal postpartum well-being, coping, and parenting, as well as child outcomes. Participants included 1994 mothers and children from the All Our Families community-based cohort in Alberta, Canada, followed from pregnancy (from 2008 to 2011) until child age 3 years. The sample is representative of the pregnant population in an urban Canadian centre. Mothers completed questionnaires on ACEs, postpartum mental health, as well as parenting morale, efficacy, coping, and personality. Child outcomes included internalizing and externalizing behavior, as well as temperament. Approximately 62% of participants experienced at least one ACE; 25% experienced 3 or more ACEs. The presence of 3 or more ACEs was associated with postpartum smoking, binge drinking, depressive and anxiety symptoms, lower optimism and higher neuroticism, and lower reported parenting morale. In children, 3 or more maternal ACEs was associated with higher levels of internalizing (e.g., anxiety) and externalizing difficulties (aggression and hyperactivity), as well as temperament (surgency and negative affectivity). Cumulative maternal ACEs are associated with postpartum mental health and parenting morale, as well as maladaptive coping strategies. The demonstrated downstream consequences of maternal ACEs for child outcomes suggests that early intervention strategies and community resources to improve life course outcomes for parents and children are critical for breaking intergenerational continuities of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - S Madigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Racine
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - K Benzies
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - L Tomfohr
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S Tough
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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