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Winarsunu T, Utami LA, Fasikhah SS, Anwar Z. Hope therapy: Can it treat hopelessness and internal locus of control on diabetes mellitus patients? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286418. [PMID: 37310950 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are always required to be able to control a healthy lifestyle throughout their life to avoid various diseases that can accompany the previous illness. However, psychological factors in the form of despair due to lack of hope make people with diabetes more depressed and less able to control behavior and maintain blood sugar stability, so an excellent internal locus of control is needed to be stronger. This study aimed to determine the effect of hope therapy in reducing hopelessness and increasing internal locus of control in people with DM. The research design used a experimental study with ten randomly selected respondents divided into two groups, namely the control group and the experimental group. Data retrieval using the locus of control scale and the beck hopelessness scale. Data analysis used non-parametric analysis, namely the Mann Whitney test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman's Rank Correlation test. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test on the internal locus of control variable show a value of 0.000 and a p score of 0.008 (p <0.05), it can be concluded that there are differences in the internal locus of control in the experimental group compared to the internal locus of control in the control group. The hopelessness variable shows a value of 0.000 and a p score of 0.008 (p <0.05), this indicates that there is a difference in hopelessness in the experimental group and the control group. There is a decrease in hopelessness and an increase in internal locus of control in people with DM given hope therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulus Winarsunu
- Department of Psychology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Lintang Aulia Utami
- Department of Psychology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia
| | | | - Zainul Anwar
- Department of Psychology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia
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Momeni P, Årestedt K, Alvariza A, Winnberg E, Goliath I, Kneck Å, Leksell J, Ewertzon M. A survey study of family members' encounters with healthcare services within the care of older people, psychiatric care, palliative care and diabetes care. Scand J Caring Sci 2022; 36:1228-1240. [PMID: 35808909 PMCID: PMC9796367 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe and compare family members' experiences of approach in encounters with healthcare professionals and possible feelings of alienation in the professional care within four care contexts: the care of older people, psychiatric care, palliative care and diabetes care. The design was an explorative cross-sectional survey study. Data were collected in Sweden using the Family Involvement and Alienation Questionnaire-Revised (FIAQ-R). It measures family members' experiences of the healthcare professionals' approach and the family members' feeling of alienation from the provision of professional care. A total of 1047 questionnaires were distributed to family members using convenient sampling method, of which 294 were included. Data were analysed using rank-based, non-parametric statistical methods. The results indicated that most respondents experienced a positive actual approach from the healthcare professionals. Many participants rated the importance of approach at a higher level than their actual experience. Participants in the context of diabetes care reported a more negative actual approach from the healthcare professionals than did participants in the other contexts and considered the healthcare professionals' approach towards them as being less important. The results for the entire group indicated that the participants felt a low level of alienation from the professional care. Participants in the context of the care of older people reported significantly lower level of feeling of being alienated than did participants in the contexts of psychiatric care and diabetes care. The differences between participants in diabetes care and other care contexts can possibly be explained by a more fully implemented self-care approach among the patients in diabetes care than in the other care contexts. Even though the results are quite positive, it is still important that nurses consider a family-centred approach to better adapt to the needs of both the family members and the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Momeni
- Department of Health Care SciencesErsta Sköndal Bräcke University CollegeStockholmSweden
| | - Kristofer Årestedt
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesLinnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden,Department of ResearchRegion Kalmar CountyKalmarSweden
| | - Anette Alvariza
- Department of Health Care SciencesErsta Sköndal Bräcke University CollegeStockholmSweden,Capio Palliative CareDalen HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Elisabeth Winnberg
- Department of Health Care SciencesErsta Sköndal Bräcke University CollegeStockholmSweden
| | - Ida Goliath
- Stockholm Gerontology Research CenterStockholmSweden
| | - Åsa Kneck
- Department of Health Care SciencesErsta Sköndal Bräcke University CollegeStockholmSweden
| | - Janeth Leksell
- Department of Medical SciencesUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Mats Ewertzon
- Department of Health Care SciencesErsta Sköndal Bräcke University CollegeStockholmSweden,Swedish Family Care Competence CenterKalmarSweden
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Knight L, Schatz E. Social Support for Improved ART Adherence and Retention in Care among Older People Living with HIV in Urban South Africa: A Complex Balance between Disclosure and Stigma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11473. [PMID: 36141746 PMCID: PMC9517460 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The number of older people living with HIV (OPLWH) (aged 50-plus) in South Africa is increasing as people age with HIV or are newly infected. OPLWH are potentially vulnerable because of the intersection of age-related and HIV stigmas, co-morbidities, and lack of social support. Evidence from younger populations suggests that social support can improve ART adherence and retention in care. Further, HIV status disclosure plays a role in mediating social support and may reduce stigma by facilitating access to social support. This paper draws on qualitative research with OPLWH to explore the complex associations between disclosure, social support, and HIV stigma among OPLWH in urban Western Cape. The findings demonstrate that OPLWH receive most of their support from their family and this support can facilitate adherence to ART and retention in care. However, social support is facilitated by participants' disclosure, thus, when perceived stigma limits disclosure, social support is less accessible. Gender, age, and pre-existing vulnerability also affect disclosure to and support from kin and community. Given that social support, particularly from family members, amplifies HIV care access and ART adherence, encouraging disclosure stimulating household HIV competency is likely to both address anticipated stigma and support improved OPLWH's health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Knight
- Division of Social & Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Enid Schatz
- Department of Public Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Liu Z, Wang C, Yang D, Luo S, Ding Y, Xu W, Zheng X, Weng J, Yan J. High engagement in mobile peer support is associated with better glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: a real-world study. J Diabetes Investig 2022; 13:1914-1924. [PMID: 35708894 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Peer support for diabetes has become convenient and interactive following the emergence of mobile health (mHealth). We aimed to evaluate the association between engagement in peer support via mHealth app and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS This retrospective study included adults with T1D who had joined the mobile community "TangTangQuan (TTQ)" since May 2018 for at least one year. "Like", "comment" and "share" were the major interaction indicators of mobile community and were used to assess engagement in peer support. The patients were divided into four engagement groups by quartile. The primary outcome was the change in HbA1c , mean fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PBG) from baseline to the 12th month. Other outcomes included the change of self-monitoring of blood glucose frequency, hypoglycemia frequency, and the proportion of reaching optimal glycemic control. RESULTS Among the 693 individuals, the HbA1c , mean FBG and PBG improved in the 12th month. Multiple regression analysis showed that higher engagement in peer support was associated with a greater reduction of HbA1c (β=-0.45, P<0.001) and mean FBG (β=-0.82, P<0.001). In the subgroup of poor glycemic control, the association between engagement in peer support and glycemic improvement still remained (HbA1c : β=-0.86, P=0.002; FBG: β=-1.36, P=0.001). The engagement in mobile peer support was positively correlated with educational level (OR=1.42, P=0.042), household income (OR=1.43, P=0.013), and the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (OR=1.73, P=0.009). CONCLUSION High engagement in mobile peer support was associated with better glycemic control in adults with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaofan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daizhi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sihui Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Clinical Research Hospital of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Hefei), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou, China
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Carreon SA, Duran B, Tang TS, Streisand R, Anderson BJ, Lyons SK, McKay S, Hilliard ME. Here for You: A Review of Social Support Research in Young Adults With Diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2021; 34:363-370. [PMID: 34866869 PMCID: PMC8603130 DOI: 10.2337/dsi21-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Living with and managing diabetes is challenging during young adulthood, and social support may help relieve or minimize the burdens young adults with diabetes experience. This article reviews the types and sources of support young adults with diabetes receive and their associations with behavioral, psychosocial, and glycemic outcomes. Intervention research integrating social support and future directions for care are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Duran
- Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Tricia S. Tang
- The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Randi Streisand
- Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | | | - Sarah K. Lyons
- Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Siripoom McKay
- Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Marisa E. Hilliard
- Baylor College of Medicine & Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Corresponding author: Marisa E. Hilliard,
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Stuckey HL, Oser SM, Miller EL, Oser TK, Peyrot M, Sharma A. “Not Today, Diabetes”: Using Blog Analysis to Understand Emotional Interactions and Support Among People With Type 1 Diabetes. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2021; 1:613569. [PMID: 36993988 PMCID: PMC10041872 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2020.613569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to understand how internet blogs are used by people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to provide or exchange social support. A stratified, clustered proportionate probability sample of entries from 10 Internet blogs focusing on T1D was obtained. A random sample of 100 days generated 200 blogger posts and 1,606 commenter responses. Entries were coded using qualitative analysis software and analyzed thematically. Blogs were used as a dynamic, interactional form of emotional support from others who understood diabetes from personal experience; and as a source of sharing lived user experience of having diabetes, more often than as a way of communicating medical knowledge or facts about diabetes. Blog participation contributed to a sense of belonging for participants in the “Diabetes Online Community” where there was a shared culture. In conclusion, blogs provide unobtrusive access to the experiences of people with T1D that are driven by their interests rather than those of qualitative research interviewers or healthcare providers. In addition to permitting analysis of the way that participants use blogs to address their own personal wants and needs, blog data can serve as an inexpensive and unobtrusive method for studying topics of interests to researchers and healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L. Stuckey
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Heather L. Stuckey,
| | - Sean M. Oser
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Erin L. Miller
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Tamara K. Oser
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Mark Peyrot
- School of Medicine, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
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Hill K, Ward P, Gleadle J. "I kind of gave up on it after a while, became too hard, closed my eyes, didn't want to know about it"-adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus describe defeat in the context of low social support. Health Expect 2018; 22:254-261. [PMID: 30565796 PMCID: PMC6433328 DOI: 10.1111/hex.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a lifelong condition that requires diligent self‐management to avoid complications. Living with T1DM is a considerable challenge and the inability to follow a prescribed regimen is often termed non‐compliance. However, this fails to acknowledge that for some people the barriers to glycaemic control may be insurmountable. Objective This qualitative study explores the structural determinants, social context and lived experience of T1DM with 17 adults to understand influences on patterns of self‐care, engagement with and trust in health‐care services, and health outcomes. Results Their stories tell us that strong social support is vital to disease adaptation and ongoing management. When social support is absent, the story is one of struggling with intensive diabetes management alone and difficulty controlling blood glucose levels. When confronted with suboptimal glycaemic control, participants isolated from social support developed combative relationships with health‐care providers and disengaged from health care. Their subsequent slide to chronic comorbid illness is steep and this study reveals the heartache and loss experienced when difficult life circumstances and low levels of social support have led to irreparable kidney damage. Conclusion Patterns of poor glycaemic control viewed in the health‐care encounter without an understanding of the context or life circumstances in which they are occurring can lead to an inability to engage with health‐care services. Disengagement from services and the absence of specialist care further isolates people, leaving them managing their diabetes alone with limited success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Hill
- Discipline of Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan Gleadle
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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