1
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Sun L, Wang F, Wang X, Zhang F, Ma S, Lv J. SATB1 mediated tumor colonization and β-catenin nuclear localization are associated with colorectal cancer progression. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2320307. [PMID: 38385627 PMCID: PMC10885174 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2320307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy with high incidence and poor prognosis. It is urgent to identify valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis and potent therapeutic targets. It has been reported that SATB1 is associated with the malignant progression in CRC. To explore the role of SATB1 in CRC progression and the underlying mechanism, we evaluated the expression of SATB1 in the paired CRC tissues with immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the expression of SATB1 in lymph node metastasis was higher than that in primary lesion, and that in distant organ metastasis was higher than that in primary lesion. The retrospective analysis showed that patients with high expression of SATB1 had a significantly worse prognosis than those with negative and moderate expression. In vitro experiments that employing SATB1 over-expressing and depleted CRC cell lines confirmed that SATB1 contributes to cell proliferation and colonization, while inhibiting cell motility. Furthermore, the tissue immunofluorescence assay, Co-IP and Western blot were conducted to reveal that SATB1 induced translocation of β-catenin and formed a protein complex with it in the nuclei. In conclusion, SATB1 mediated tumor colonization and β-catenin nuclear localization are associated with the malignant progression and poor prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xufei Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Feiying Zhang
- The second Clinical Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sujuan Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jinghuan Lv
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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2
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Nätkin R, Pennanen P, Syvälä H, Bläuer M, Kesseli J, Tammela TLJ, Nykter M, Murtola TJ. Adaptive and non-adaptive gene expression responses in prostate cancer during androgen deprivation. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281645. [PMID: 36809527 PMCID: PMC9942993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy is the cornerstone treatment of advanced prostate cancer. Eventually prostate cancer cells overcome androgen deprivation therapy, giving rise to castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) characterized by increased androgen receptor (AR) activity. Understanding the cellular mechanisms leading to CRPC is needed for development of novel treatments. We used long-term cell cultures to model CRPC; a testosterone-dependent cell line (VCaP-T) and cell line adapted to grow in low testosterone (VCaP-CT). These were used to uncover persistent and adaptive responses to testosterone level. RNA was sequenced to study AR-regulated genes. Expression level changed due to testosterone depletion in 418 genes in VCaP-T (AR-associated genes). To evaluate significance for CRPC growth, we compared which of them were adaptive i.e., restored expression level in VCaP-CT. Adaptive genes were enriched to steroid metabolism, immune response and lipid metabolism. The Cancer Genome Atlas Prostate Adenocarcinoma data were used to assess the association with cancer aggressiveness and progression-free survival. Expressions of 47 AR-associated or association gaining genes were statistically significant markers for progression-free survival. These included genes related to immune response, adhesion and transport. Taken together, we identified and clinically validated multiple genes being linked with progression of prostate cancer and propose several novel risk genes. Possible use as biomarkers or therapeutic targets should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetta Nätkin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (RN); (TJM)
| | - Pasi Pennanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heimo Syvälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Merja Bläuer
- Tampere University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Pancreas Laboratory and Department of Gastroenterology and Alimentary Tract Surgery, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juha Kesseli
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teuvo L. J. Tammela
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Nykter
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Prostate Cancer Research Center, Tampere University and Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
| | - Teemu J. Murtola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Urology, Tays Cancer Center, Tampere, Finland
- * E-mail: (RN); (TJM)
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3
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SATB1, genomic instability and Gleason grading constitute a novel risk score for prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24446. [PMID: 34961766 PMCID: PMC8712510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Current prostate cancer risk classifications rely on clinicopathological parameters resulting in uncertainties for prognostication. To improve individual risk stratification, we examined the predictive value of selected proteins with respect to tumor heterogeneity and genomic instability. We assessed the degree of genomic instability in 50 radical prostatectomy specimens by DNA-Image-Cytometry and evaluated protein expression in related 199 tissue-microarray (TMA) cores. Immunohistochemical data of SATB1, SPIN1, TPM4, VIME and TBB5 were correlated with the degree of genomic instability, established clinical risk factors and overall survival. Genomic instability was associated with a GS ≥ 7 (p = 0.001) and worse overall survival (p = 0.008). A positive SATB1 expression was associated with a GS ≤ 6 (p = 0.040), genomic stability (p = 0.027), and was a predictor for increased overall survival (p = 0.023). High expression of SPIN1 was also associated with longer overall survival (p = 0.048) and lower preoperative PSA-values (p = 0.047). The combination of SATB1 expression, genomic instability, and GS lead to a novel Prostate Cancer Prediction Score (PCP-Score) which outperforms the current D’Amico et al. stratification for predicting overall survival. Low SATB1 expression, genomic instability and GS ≥ 7 were identified as markers for poor prognosis. Their combination overcomes current clinical risk stratification regimes.
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4
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Meessen S, Currey N, Jahan Z, Parker HW, Jenkins MA, Buchanan DD, Hopper JL, Segelov E, Dahlstrom JE, Kohonen-Corish MRJ. Tetranucleotide and Low Microsatellite Instability Are Inversely Associated with the CpG Island Methylator Phenotype in Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13143529. [PMID: 34298744 PMCID: PMC8308094 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A type of DNA mismatch repair defect known as “elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats” (EMAST) is found across many different cancers. Tetranucleotide microsatellite instability, which is caused by MSH3 mismatch repair gene/protein loss-of-function, shares a molecular basis with “low microsatellite instability” (MSI-L) in colorectal cancer. Tetranucleotide microsatellite instability is also a byproduct of “high microsatellite instability” (MSI-H) that arises from deficiency of mismatch repair due to MSH2, MSH6, MLH1 or PMS2 gene alterations. MSH3-related EMAST is emerging as a biomarker of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer and needs to be clearly differentiated from MSI-H. Here, we show that tumours with non-MSI-H-related EMAST or MSI-L rarely show concordant promoter methylation of multiple marker genes. Colorectal tumours that are positive for a single (1/5) tetranucleotide repeat marker are an important subset of the EMAST spectrum. Abstract MSH3 gene or protein deficiency or loss-of-function in colorectal cancer can cause a DNA mismatch repair defect known as “elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats” (EMAST). A high percentage of MSI-H tumors exhibit EMAST, while MSI-L is also linked with EMAST. However, the distribution of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) within the EMAST spectrum is not known. Five tetranucleotide repeat and five MSI markers were used to classify 100 sporadic colorectal tumours for EMAST, MSI-H and MSI-L according to the number of unstable markers detected. Promoter methylation was determined using methylation-specific PCR for MSH3, MCC, CDKN2A (p16) and five CIMP marker genes. EMAST was found in 55% of sporadic colorectal carcinomas. Carcinomas with only one positive marker (EMAST-1/5, 26%) were associated with advanced tumour stage, increased lymph node metastasis, MSI-L and lack of CIMP-H. EMAST-2/5 (16%) carcinomas displayed some methylation but MSI was rare. Carcinomas with ≥3 positive EMAST markers (13%) were more likely to have a proximal colon location and be MSI-H and CIMP-H. Our study suggests that EMAST/MSI-L is a valuable prognostic and predictive marker for colorectal carcinomas that do not display the high methylation phenotype CIMP-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Meessen
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (S.M.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicola Currey
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (S.M.); (N.C.)
| | - Zeenat Jahan
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (Z.J.); (H.W.P.)
| | - Hannah W. Parker
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (Z.J.); (H.W.P.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mark A. Jenkins
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (M.A.J.); (J.L.H.)
| | - Daniel D. Buchanan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Genomic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - John L. Hopper
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (M.A.J.); (J.L.H.)
| | - Eva Segelov
- Department of Oncology, Monash University and Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Jane E. Dahlstrom
- ACT Pathology, The Canberra Hospital and Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, ACT 2605, Australia;
| | - Maija R. J. Kohonen-Corish
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; (S.M.); (N.C.)
- The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2037, Australia; (Z.J.); (H.W.P.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia
- Correspondence:
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5
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Glatzel-Plucińska N, Piotrowska A, Dzięgiel P, Podhorska-Okołów M. The Role of SATB1 in Tumour Progression and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4156. [PMID: 31450715 PMCID: PMC6747166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a long-drawn, multistep process, in which metastatic spread is an unequivocal hallmark of a poor prognosis. The progression and dissemination of epithelial cancers is commonly thought to rely on the epidermal-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. During EMT, epithelial cells lose their junctions and apical-basal polarity, and they acquire a mesenchymal phenotype with its migratory and invasive capabilities. One of the proteins involved in cancer progression and EMT may be SATB1 (Special AT-Rich Binding Protein 1)-a chromatin organiser and a global transcriptional regulator. SATB1 organizes chromatin into spatial loops, providing a "docking site" necessary for the binding of further transcription factors and chromatin modifying enzymes. SATB1 has the ability to regulate whole sets of genes, even those located on distant chromosomes. SATB1 was found to be overexpressed in numerous malignancies, including lymphomas, breast, colorectal, prostate, liver, bladder and ovarian cancers. In the solid tumours, an elevated SATB1 level was observed to be associated with an aggressive phenotype, presence of lymph node, distant metastases, and a poor prognosis. In this review, we briefly describe the prognostic significance of SATB1 expression in most common human cancers, and analyse its impact on EMT and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Glatzel-Plucińska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
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6
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SATB1 Expression of Colorectal Adenomatous Polyps is Higher than that of Colorectal Carcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2019; 28:532-537. [PMID: 31290787 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
"Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1" (SATB1) is a global genome organizer and is found to have effects on carcinogenesis and progression of various malignancies including colorectal carcinoma (CRC). We aimed to investigate the expression of SATB1 in CRC and colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAP), the correlation between clinicopathologic parameters, and overall survival. We examined 227 CRCs and 129 CAPs. SATB1 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We found higher SATB1 expression in adenomatous epithelium than in CRC tissues (55.0% vs. 42.7%, respectively) (P<0.05). None of the adjacent normal colorectal mucosa stained positive in CRC cases, and only one of the adjacent normal mucosa of the CAP cases was positive. SATB1 expression of left-sided CRC was higher than that of right-sided CRC (46.3% vs. 28.6%, respectively) (P<0.05), and SATB1 expression of conventional adenocarcinomas was higher than that of mucinous carcinomas (45.5% vs. 6.3%, respectively) (P<0.05). SATB1 expression was higher in CAPs consisting of high-grade dysplasia than in polyps with low-grade dysplasia (77.8% vs. 51.4%) (P<0.05). SATB1 expression did not correlate with patients' overall survival. In conclusion, due to the higher expression of SATB1 in CAP than in CRC, we think SATB1 may have a role in the early stages of carcinogenesis of CRCs. This is the first study investigating SATB1 expression in CAPs. Besides this is the first report that shows different SATB1 expressions in conventional colorectal adenocarcinoma and mucinous carcinoma, and also in right-sided and left-sided CRC. Our results, with supporting new studies, can provide SATB1 as a possible candidate for targeted therapy for CRC patients.
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7
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Bhalla A, Zulfiqar M, Bluth MH. Molecular Diagnostics in Colorectal Carcinoma: Advances and Applications for 2018. Clin Lab Med 2019; 38:311-342. [PMID: 29776633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis and classification of colorectal carcinoma are based on the traditional adenomaecarcinoma sequence, serrated polyp pathway, and microsatellite instability (MSI). The genetic basis for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer is the detection of mutations in the MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, and EPCAM genes. Genetic testing for Lynch syndrome includes MSI testing, methylator phenotype testing, BRAF mutation testing, and molecular testing for germline mutations in MMR genes. Molecular makers with predictive and prognostic implications include quantitative multigene reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay and KRAS and BRAF mutation analysis. Mismatch repair-deficient tumors have higher rates of programmed death-ligand 1 expression. Cell-free DNA analysis in fluids are proving beneficial for diagnosis and prognosis in these disease states towards effective patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarpreet Bhalla
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
| | | | - Martin H Bluth
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 East Canfield Street, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Pathology Laboratories, Michigan Surgical Hospital, 21230 Dequindre Road, Warren, MI 48091, USA
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8
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SATB family chromatin organizers as master regulators of tumor progression. Oncogene 2018; 38:1989-2004. [PMID: 30413763 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0541-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SATB (Special AT-rich binding protein) family proteins have emerged as key regulators that integrate higher-order chromatin organization with the regulation of gene expression. Studies over the past decade have elucidated the specific roles of SATB1 and SATB2, two closely related members of this family, in cancer progression. SATB family chromatin organizers play diverse and important roles in regulating the dynamic equilibrium of apoptosis, cell invasion, metastasis, proliferation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. This review highlights cellular and molecular events governed by SATB1 influencing the structural organization of chromatin and interacting with several co-activators and co-repressors of transcription towards tumor progression. SATB1 expression across tumor cell types generates cellular and molecular heterogeneity culminating in tumor relapse and metastasis. SATB1 exhibits dynamic expression within intratumoral cell types regulated by the tumor microenvironment, which culminates towards tumor progression. Recent studies suggested that cell-specific expression of SATB1 across tumor recruited dendritic cells (DC), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), T regulatory cells (Tregs) and tumor epithelial cells along with tumor microenvironment act as primary determinants of tumor progression and tumor inflammation. In contrast, SATB2 is differentially expressed in an array of cancer types and is involved in tumorigenesis. Survival analysis for patients across an array of cancer types correlated with expression of SATB family chromatin organizers suggested tissue-specific expression of SATB1 and SATB2 contributing to disease prognosis. In this context, it is pertinent to understand molecular players, cellular pathways, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms governed by cell types within tumors regulated by SATB proteins. We propose that patient survival analysis based on the expression profile of SATB chromatin organizers would facilitate their unequivocal establishment as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer therapy.
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9
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Wei L, Ye H, Li G, Lu Y, Zhou Q, Zheng S, Lin Q, Liu Y, Li Z, Chen R. Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote progression and gemcitabine resistance via the SDF-1/SATB-1 pathway in pancreatic cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1065. [PMID: 30337520 PMCID: PMC6194073 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a dominant component of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, are mainly considered as promotors of malignant progression, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we show that SDF-1 secreted by CAFs stimulates malignant progression and gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer, partially owing to paracrine induction of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells. CAF-secreted SDF-1 upregulated the expression of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells, which contributed to the maintenance of CAF properties, forming a reciprocal feedback loop. SATB-1 was verified to be overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining, which correlated with tumor progression and clinical prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. We found that SATB-1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in SW1990 and PANC-1 cells in vitro, whereas overexpression of SATB-1 in Capan-2 and BxPC-3 cells had the opposite effect. Immunofluorescence staining showed that conditioned medium from SW1990 cells expressing SATB-1 maintained the local supportive function of CAFs. Furthermore, downregulation of SATB-1 inhibited tumor growth in mouse xenograft models. In addition, we found that overexpression of SATB-1 in pancreatic cancer cells participated in the process of gemcitabine resistance. Finally, we investigated the clinical correlations between SDF-1 and SATB-1 in human pancreatic cancer specimens. In summary, these findings demonstrated that the SDF-1/CXCR4/SATB-1 axis may be a potential new target of clinical interventions for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huilin Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuanting Lu
- Department of Radiology, Guangzhou women and children's medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shangyou Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yimin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Rufu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. .,Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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10
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Huo FC, Pan YJ, Li TT, Mou J, Pei DS. PAK5 promotes the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by phosphorylating SATB1. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:994-1006. [PMID: 30082769 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) is involved in several oncogenic signaling pathways and its amplification or overexpression has been found in various types of cancer; however, the pathophysiologic role of PAK5 in cervical cancer (CC) remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the effects of PAK5 on CC metastasis and its specific regulation mechanism. We performed western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and found that the expression levels of PAK5 were significantly upregulated in CC cells and tissues. In addition, statistical analysis via IHC showed that increased PAK5 significantly correlated with CC progression. Mn2+-Phos-tag SDS-PAGE, western blotting, immunofluorescence and dual luciferase reporter assays were utilized to determine the involvement of SATB1 in PAK5-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We found that PAK5-mediated special AT-rich binding protein-1 (SATB1) phosphorylation on Ser47 initiated EMT cascade and promoted migration and invasion of CC cells. Furthermore, overexpression of PAK5 induced lung metastasis of CC cells in xenograft modes. Taken together, we conclude that PAK5 is a novel prognostic indicator and plays an important role in the CC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chun Huo
- Department of pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yao-Jie Pan
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital of Medicine School of Southeast University, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Tong-Tong Li
- Department of pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jie Mou
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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11
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Wang S, Zeng J, Xiao R, Xu G, Liu G, Xiong D, Ye Y, Chen B, Wang H, Luo Q, Huang Z. Poor prognosis and SATB1 overexpression in solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1471-1478. [PMID: 29922091 PMCID: PMC5997180 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s165497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several previous studies have reported the prognostic value of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) in solid tumors. However, these studies produced inconsistent results because of their various limitations, including small sample sizes. Here, we describe a meta-analysis based on 17 studies including 3144 patients to search for connections between SATB1 overexpression and overall survival (OS) of patients with solid tumors. Seventeen studies (n = 3144) were assessed in the meta-analysis. Both univariate and multivariate analysis for survival indicated that high SATB1 reactivity significantly predicted poor prognosis. In the multivariate analysis, the combined hazard ratio (HR) for OS was 1.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59–2.08, P < 0.0001). The pooled HR of the univariate analysis for OS was 1.96 (95% CI: 1.65–2.34, P < 0.0001). Methods Studies were identified by an electronic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, including publications prior to April 2017. Pooled HR values for OS were aggregated and quantitatively analyzed in the meta-analysis. Conclusion The meta-analysis indicated that high SATB1 reactivity is significantly correlated with decreased survival in most cases of solid tumors. In addition, SATB1 shows promise as a prognostic biomarker and novel therapeutic target on the basis of its expression level in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxing Xu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Disheng Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhi Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Borong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjie Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiamen Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zhao J, Tuo Y, Luo W, He S, Chen Y. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of SATB1 in Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:535. [PMID: 29867574 PMCID: PMC5962789 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A large number of studies have reported the aberrant expression of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of SATB1 in CRC is still controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to elucidate the prognostic and clinical value of SATB1 in CRC patients. Methods: We searched Web of Science, EMBASE and PubMed entirely in January 2018 to identify related articles. Pooled Hazard ratio (HR) was adopted to evaluate the prognostic value of SATB1 in CRC and odd ratio (OR) was used to assess the clinicopathological significance of SATB1 in CRC. Results: Ten eligible studies containing 7 on prognosis and 9 on clinicopathological characteristics were finally included in the present meta-analysis. Results revealed that patients with high expression of SATB1 tended to have shorter overall survival (OS) (pooled HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.04–2.57). Besides, we also discovered that the expression of SATB1 was associated with histologic grade (OR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.06–3.34), distant metastasis (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.11–1.85) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03–2.19). Conclusion: Broadly speaking, our meta-analysis demonstrated that high expression level of SATB1 was related to poor prognosis in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Yajun Tuo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China
| | - Shaojun He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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13
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Zhang S, Tong YX, Xu XS, Lin H, Chao TF. Prognostic significance of SATB1 in gastrointestinal cancer: a meta-analysis and literature review. Oncotarget 2018; 8:48410-48423. [PMID: 28430598 PMCID: PMC5564658 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The special AT-rich sequence-binding proteins 1 (SATB1) is a major regulator involved in cell differentiation. It has been shown that SATB1 acts as an oncogenic regulator. The clinical and prognostic significance of SATB1 in gastrointestinal cancer remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the impact of SATB1 in gastrointestinal cancer. Results A total of 3174 gastrointestinal cancer patients from 15 studies were included. The correlation between SATB1 expression and OS or RFS was investigated in 12 and 5 studies respectively. The results of meta-analysis showed that SATB1 overexpression is inversely correlated with OS (combined HR: 1.79, p = 0.0003) and RFS (combined HR: 2.46, p < 0.0001). In subgroup analysis, SATB1 expression is significantly correlated with poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer in Asian population. SATB1 expression is associated with stage, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Methodology Published studies with data on overall survival (OS) and/or relapse free survival (RFS) and SATB1 expression were searched from Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase (up to Dec 30, 2016). The outcome measurement is hazard ratio (HR) for OS or RFS related with SATB1 expression. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures, extracted the data and performed meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3.0 software. The combined HRs were calculated by fixed- or random-effect models. Conclusions The results of this meta-analysis suggest that SATB1 overexpression is related to advanced stage, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. SATB1 overexpression is a marker indicating poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Xin Tong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Shang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Teng Fei Chao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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14
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Xiao T, Fu L, Jie Z. SATB1 overexpression correlates with gastrointestinal neoplasms invasion and metastasis: a meta-analysis for Chinese population. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 28636989 PMCID: PMC5564646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal neoplasm (GIN) is the most common neoplasm in China. The global chromatin organizer SATB1 (special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1) is aberrantly expressed in multiple human neoplasms. We conducted this meta-analysis to investigate whether the invasion and metastasis of GIN correlates with SATB1 levels in tumor tissues in Chinese patients. Materials and Methods Eligible studies were identified through multiple search strategies in the databases PubMed, Embase, Medline, CNKI, and WANFANG, and the relevant clinicopathological data were extracted. Data were pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects or DerSimonian-Laid random-effects model. Results Fourteen studies consisting of 1622 patients were included. There were 3, 3, and 8 studies that evaluated esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers, respectively. The overall mean percentage of patients with elevated SATB1 levels was 47.84%. Among patients with GIN, SATB1 overexpression was associated with depth of invasion (T stage: RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.18–1.36, P = 0.000), regional lymph node metastasis (N stage: RR 1.51, 95% CI 1.22–1.87, P = 0.000), and distant metastasis (M stage: RR 2.54, 95% CI 1.46–4.41, P = 0.001). The tumor type most closely linked with invasion and metastasis in GIN was gastric cancer (RR for T stage: 1.64, RR for N stage: 1.68, RR for M stage: 3.15). Conclusions invasion and metastasis of GIN in Chinese patients correlates with SATB1 overexpression in tumor tissues, most profoundly in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Zhigang Jie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
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15
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The Special AT-rich Sequence Binding Protein 1 (SATB1) and its role in solid tumors. Cancer Lett 2018; 417:96-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Ding M, Pan J, Guo Z, Liu Q, Yang C, Mao L. SATB1 is a Novel Molecular Target for Cancer Therapy. Cancer Invest 2018; 36:28-36. [PMID: 29381393 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2018.1423688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Guo
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Quhe Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lijun Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biological Cancer Therapy, Xuzhou University, Xuzhou, China
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of University Medical College, Xuzhou, China
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17
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Ren J, Li G, Ross K, Arighi C, McGarvey P, Rao S, Cowart J, Madhavan S, Vijay-Shanker K, Wu CH. iTextMine: integrated text-mining system for large-scale knowledge extraction from the literature. DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION 2018; 2018:5255177. [PMID: 30576489 PMCID: PMC6301332 DOI: 10.1093/database/bay128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous efforts have been made for developing text-mining tools to extract information from biomedical text automatically. They have assisted in many biological tasks, such as database curation and hypothesis generation. Text-mining tools are usually different from each other in terms of programming language, system dependency and input/output format. There are few previous works that concern the integration of different text-mining tools and their results from large-scale text processing. In this paper, we describe the iTextMine system with an automated workflow to run multiple text-mining tools on large-scale text for knowledge extraction. We employ parallel processing with dockerized text-mining tools with a standardized JSON output format and implement a text alignment algorithm to solve the text discrepancy for result integration. iTextMine presently integrates four relation extraction tools, which have been used to process all the Medline abstracts and PMC open access full-length articles. The website allows users to browse the text evidence and view integrated results for knowledge discovery through a network view. We demonstrate the utilities of iTextMine with two use cases involving the gene PTEN and breast cancer and the gene SATB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ren
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Karen Ross
- Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cecilia Arighi
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Peter McGarvey
- Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Innovation Center For Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shruti Rao
- Innovation Center For Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Julie Cowart
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Innovation Center For Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.,Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Vijay-Shanker
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Cathy H Wu
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.,Protein Information Resource, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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18
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Choudhary D, Clement JM, Choudhary S, Voznesensky O, Pilbeam CC, Woolbright BL, Taylor JA. SATB1 and bladder cancer: Is there a functional link? Urol Oncol 2017; 36:93.e13-93.e21. [PMID: 29079132 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE SATB1, a global genome organizer, has been shown to play a role in the development and progression of some solid tumors, but its role in bladder cancer is undetermined. Moreover, there is conflicting data about the role of SATB1 in other tumors. This study was initiated to assess a potential role for SATB1 with the hypothesis that SATB1 acts as a tumor promoter in bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated SATB1 expression in bladder cancer cell lines (HTB-5, HTB-9) and compared them to a benign urothelial cell line (UROtsa). Short-hairpin RNA was used to silence SATB1 in multiple cell lines, and cell death and cell proliferation were assessed using multiple assays. RESULTS SATB1 expression was increased significantly in all cancer cell lines compared to benign urothelial cells. SATB1 expression was knocked down by short-hairpin RNA and functional outcomes, including cell number, cell-cycle arrest, cell viability, and apoptosis after cisplatin treatment, were measured. Surprisingly, knockdown of SATB1 in 2 high-grade cancer cell lines showed opposing functional roles. Compared to the non-silencing control, HTB-5 cells, showed decreased cellular proliferation and increased sensitivity to cisplatin, whereas HTB-9 cells, showed increased cell numbers and increased resistance to cisplatin. CONCLUSION We conclude that our results in bladder cancer are consistent with the conflicting data reported in other cancers, and that SATB1 might have different roles in cancer dependent on genetic background and stage of the cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS.
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19
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Benthani FA, Herrmann D, Tran PN, Pangon L, Lucas MC, Allam AH, Currey N, Al-Sohaily S, Giry-Laterriere M, Warusavitarne J, Timpson P, Kohonen-Corish MRJ. 'MCC' protein interacts with E-cadherin and β-catenin strengthening cell-cell adhesion of HCT116 colon cancer cells. Oncogene 2017; 37:663-672. [PMID: 29035389 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherin and β-catenin are key proteins that are essential in the formation of the epithelial cell layer in the colon but their regulatory pathways that are disrupted in cancer metastasis are not completely understood. Mutated in colorectal cancer (MCC) is a tumour suppressor gene that is silenced by promoter methylation in colorectal cancer and particularly in patients with increased lymph node metastasis. Here, we show that MCC methylation is found in 45% of colon and 24% of rectal cancers and is associated with proximal colon, poorly differentiated, circumferential and mucinous tumours as well as increasing T stage and larger tumour size. Knockdown of MCC in HCT116 colon cancer cells caused a reduction in E-cadherin protein level, which is a hallmark of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer, and consequently diminished the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex. MCC knockdown disrupted cell-cell adhesive strength and integrity in the dispase and transepithelial electrical resistance assays, enhanced hepatocyte growth factor-induced cell scatter and increased tumour cell invasiveness in an organotypic assay. The Src/Abl inhibitor dasatinib, a candidate anti-invasive drug, abrogated the invasive properties induced by MCC deficiency. Mechanistically, we establish that MCC interacts with the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex. These data provide a significant advance in the current understanding of cell-cell adhesion in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Benthani
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Herrmann
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P N Tran
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L Pangon
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M C Lucas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A H Allam
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - N Currey
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Al-Sohaily
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M Giry-Laterriere
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J Warusavitarne
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M R J Kohonen-Corish
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Song G, Liu K, Yang X, Mu B, Yang J, He L, Hu X, Li Q, Zhao Y, Cai X, Feng G. SATB1 plays an oncogenic role in esophageal cancer by up-regulation of FN1 and PDGFRB. Oncotarget 2017; 8:17771-17784. [PMID: 28147311 PMCID: PMC5392285 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with very poor overall prognosis. Given the strong clinical relevance of SATB1 in esophagus cancer and other cancers suggested by previous studies, the exact function of SATB1 in esophagus cancer development is still unknown. Here we showed that the knockdown of SATB1 in esophageal cancer cell lines diminished the cell proliferation, survival and invasion. Whole genome transcriptome analysis of SATB1 knockdown cells revealed the different gene expression profiles between TE-1 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells. Network analysis and functional experiments further identified FN1 and PDGFRB to be key downstream genes regulated by SATB1 in esophageal cancer cells. Importantly, FN1 and PDGFRB were found to be highly expressed in human esophageal cancer. In summary, we provided the first molecular evidence that SATB1 played an oncogenic role in esophageal cancer by up-regulation of FN1 and PDGFRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqin Song
- Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Kang Liu
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Biotherapy Center, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Bo Mu
- Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Junbao Yang
- Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Lang He
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Biotherapy Center, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xin Hu
- Biotherapy Center, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Qiujiang Li
- Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Clinical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- Department of Biology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Gang Feng
- Institute of Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China.,Biotherapy Center, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, Sichuan, P.R. China
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21
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Huang B, Xiong F, Wang S, Lang X, Wang X, Zhou H. Effect of SATB1 silencing on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of TE-1 esophageal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2915-2920. [PMID: 28521398 PMCID: PMC5431243 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein-1 (SATB1)-targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of TE-1 human esophageal cancer cells. SATB1 has been correlated with the metastasis and poor prognosis of colon and breast cancer, but the role of SATB1 in esophageal cancer remains unknown. Therefore, the present study constructed and transfected SATB1-siRNA into TE-1 cells in order to knockdown the expression of the SATB1 gene. Western blot analysis, a cell counting kit, transwell chamber assays and flow cytometry were used to assess the effect of SATB1-siRNA on the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of cells. The results demonstrated that the expression of the SATB1 gene was efficiently knocked down by SATB1-siRNA, and that SATB1-siRNA inhibited the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of TE-1 cells. Therefore, it was concluded that the SATB1 gene is important in the pathogenesis of human esophageal cancer, and may present a novel therapeutic target for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Siwang Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xianping Lang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
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22
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Komisarof J, McCall M, Newman L, Bshara W, Mohler JL, Morrison C, Land H. A four gene signature predictive of recurrent prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:3430-3440. [PMID: 27966447 PMCID: PMC5356893 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common form of non-dermatological cancer among US men, with an increasing incidence due to the aging population. Patients diagnosed with clinically localized disease identified as intermediate or high-risk are often treated by radical prostatectomy. Approximately 33% of these patients will suffer recurrence after surgery. Identifying patients likely to experience recurrence after radical prostatectomy would lead to improved clinical outcomes, as these patients could receive adjuvant radiotherapy. Here, we report a new tool for prediction of prostate cancer recurrence based on the expression pattern of a small set of cooperation response genes (CRGs). CRGs are a group of genes downstream of cooperating oncogenic mutations previously identified in a colon cancer model that are critical to the cancer phenotype. We show that systemic dysregulation of CRGs is also found in prostate cancer, including a 4-gene signature (HBEGF, HOXC13, IGFBP2, and SATB1) capable of differentiating recurrent from non-recurrent prostate cancer. To develop a suitable diagnostic tool to predict disease outcomes in individual patients, multiple algorithms and data handling strategies were evaluated on a training set using leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). The best-performing algorithm, when used in combination with a predictive nomogram based on clinical staging, predicted recurrent and non-recurrent disease outcomes in a blinded validation set with 83% accuracy, outperforming previous methods. Disease-free survival times between the cohort of prostate cancers predicted to recur and predicted not to recur differed significantly (p = 1.38x10-6). Therefore, this test allows us to accurately identify prostate cancer patients likely to experience future recurrent disease immediately following removal of the primary tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Komisarof
- Departments of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, USA
| | - Matthew McCall
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, USA
| | - Laurel Newman
- Departments of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, USA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14623, USA
| | - James L Mohler
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Carl Morrison
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Hartmut Land
- Departments of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, USA
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester NY, 14642, USA
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Hepatic SATB1 induces paracrine activation of hepatic stellate cells and is upregulated by HBx. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37717. [PMID: 27883059 PMCID: PMC5121621 DOI: 10.1038/srep37717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major cause of chronic liver diseases, but its involvement in hepatic fibrogenesis remains unclear. Special AT-rich binding protein 1 (SATB1) has been implicated in reprogramming chromatin organization and transcription profiles in many cancers and non-cancer-related conditions. We found that hepatic SATB1 expression was significantly up-regulated in fibrotic tissues from chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients and HBV transgenic (HBV-Tg) mouse model. Knockdown of SATB1 in the liver significantly alleviated CCl4-induced fibrosis in HBV-Tg mouse model. Moreover, we suggested HBV encoded x protein (HBx) induced SATB1 expression through activation of JNK and ERK pathways. Enforced expression of SATB1 in hepatocytes promoted the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by secretion of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and platelet derived growth factor-A (PDGF-AA). Our findings demonstrated that HBx upregulated hepatic SATB1 which exerted pro-fibrotic effects by paracrine activation of stellate cells in HBV-related fibrosis.
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Meng WJ, Pathak S, Ding ZY, Zhang H, Adell G, Holmlund B, Li Y, Zhou ZG, Sun XF. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 expression correlates with response to preoperative radiotherapy and clinical outcome in rectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 16:1738-45. [PMID: 26528635 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1095408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Our recent study showed the important role of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) in the progression of human rectal cancer. However, the value of SATB1 in response to radiotherapy (RT) for rectal cancer hasn't been reported so far. Here, SATB1 was determined using immunohistochemistry in normal mucosa, biopsy, primary cancer, and lymph node metastasis from 132 rectal cancer patients: 66 with and 66 without preoperative RT before surgery. The effect of SATB1 knockdown on radiosensitivity was assessed by proliferation-based assay and clonogenic assay. The results showed that SATB1 increased from normal mucosa to primary cancer, whereas it decreased from primary cancer to metastasis in non-RT patients. SATB1 decreased in primary cancers after RT. In RT patients, positive SATB1 was independently associated with decreased response to preoperative RT, early time to metastasis, and worse survival. SATB1 negatively correlated with ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and pRb2/p130, and positively with Ki-67 and Survivin in RT patients, and their potential interaction through different canonical pathways was identified in network ideogram. Taken together, our findings disclose for the first time that radiation decreases SATB1 expression and sensitizes cancer cells to confer clinical benefit of patients, suggesting that SATB1 is predictive of response to preoperative RT and clinical outcome in rectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jian Meng
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery ; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,b Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ; Linköping University ; Linköping , Sweden
| | - Surajit Pathak
- b Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ; Linköping University ; Linköping , Sweden
| | - Zhen-Yu Ding
- c Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Hong Zhang
- d School of Medicine; Örebro University ; Örebro , Sweden
| | - Gunnar Adell
- e Department of Oncology ; County Council of Östergötland ; Linköping , Sweden
| | - Birgitta Holmlund
- e Department of Oncology ; County Council of Östergötland ; Linköping , Sweden
| | - Yuan Li
- f Institute of Digestive Surgery; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Zong-Guang Zhou
- a Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery ; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China.,f Institute of Digestive Surgery; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
| | - Xiao-Feng Sun
- b Department of Oncology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ; Linköping University ; Linköping , Sweden.,f Institute of Digestive Surgery; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center; West China Hospital; Sichuan University ; Chengdu , China
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Lv JH, Wang F, Shen MH, Wang X, Zhou XJ. SATB1 expression is correlated with β-catenin associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:254-61. [PMID: 26810818 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1139239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SATB1, a global gene regulator, has been implicated in the growth and metastasis of multiple cancers, including colorectal cancer. While the understanding about the role of SATB1 in CRC remains limited. The aim of our study is to investigate the expression of SATB1 in CRC, and the relationship between SATB1 expression pattern and clinicopathological variables. A further aim is to analyze the correlation between SATB1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in CRC. Immunohistochemical expression of SATB1, β-catenin, E-cadherin, CK20, Vimentin, SMA, and desmin were assessed in a cohort of 200 patients using tissue microarrays. SATB1 was expressed in 133 (66.5%) CRC primary lesions, 14 (28%) adjacent colorectal mucosa specimens, and 60 (75%) corresponding lymph node metastases. The expression level of SATB1 was significantly higher in lymph node metastases than in CRC primary lesions and normal mucosa (P = 0.000). High expression of SATB1 in CRC was strongly correlated with poor differentiation of tumor tissues (P = 0.000). High expression of SATB1 was significantly correlated with aberrant expression of β-catenin (P = 0.0005), low expression of E-cadherin (P = 0.000) and CK20 (P = 0.000) and with high expression of Vimentin (P = 0.001). No SMA or desmin protein was expressed in the CRC cells. Our results suggested that high expression of SATB1 is significantly correlated with poor differentiation of CRC. SATB1 might promote the epithelial-mesenchymal transition by increasing the aberrant expression of β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-huan Lv
- a Department of Pathology , Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , China.,b Department of Pathology , the Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
| | - Feng Wang
- b Department of Pathology , the Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
| | - Ming-hong Shen
- b Department of Pathology , the Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Suzhou , China
| | - Xuan Wang
- a Department of Pathology , Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiao-jun Zhou
- a Department of Pathology , Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , China
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26
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JRK is a positive regulator of β-catenin transcriptional activity commonly overexpressed in colon, breast and ovarian cancer. Oncogene 2015; 35:2834-41. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Kaur S, Lotsari JE, Al-Sohaily S, Warusavitarne J, Kohonen-Corish MR, Peltomäki P. Identification of subgroup-specific miRNA patterns by epigenetic profiling of sporadic and Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal and endometrial carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:20. [PMID: 25767621 PMCID: PMC4357086 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Altered expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) commonly accompanies colorectal (CRC) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) development, but the underlying mechanisms and clinicopathological correlations remain to be clarified. We focused on epigenetic mechanisms and aimed to explore if DNA methylation patterns in tumors depend on DNA mismatch repair (MMR) status, sporadic vs. Lynch-associated disease, and geographic origin (Finland vs. Australia). Treatment of cancer cell lines with demethylating agents revealed 109 significantly upregulated miRNAs. Seven met our stringent criteria for possible methylation-sensitive miRNAs and were used to screen patient specimens (205 CRCs and 36 ECs) by methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Results Three miRNAs (129-2, 345, and 132) with low methylation levels in normal tissue and frequent hypermethylation in tumors were of particular interest. Hypermethylation of miR-345 and miR-132 associated with MMR deficiency in CRC regardless of geographic origin, and hypermethylation of miR-132 distinguished sporadic MMR-deficient CRC from Lynch-CRC. Finally, hypermethylation of miRNAs stratified 49 endometrial hyperplasias into low-methylator (simple hyperplasia) and high-methylator groups (complex hyperplasia with or without atypia) and suggested that miR-129-2 methylation in particular could serve as a marker of progression in early endometrial tumorigenesis. Conclusions Our study identifies miR-345 and miR-132 as novel differentially methylated miRNAs in CRC, thereby facilitating sub-classification of CRC and links miR-129-2 methylation to early endometrial tumorigenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0059-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sippy Kaur
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, Helsinki, FIN-00014 Finland
| | - Johanna E Lotsari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, Helsinki, FIN-00014 Finland
| | - Sam Al-Sohaily
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - Janindra Warusavitarne
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia
| | - Maija Rj Kohonen-Corish
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 370 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW 2010 Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, Darlinghurst, NSW 2052 Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campelltown, Sydney, NSW 2560 Australia
| | - Päivi Peltomäki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, P.O. Box 63, Helsinki, FIN-00014 Finland
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Kowalczyk AE, Godlewski J, Krazinski BE, Kiewisz J, Sliwinska-Jewsiewicka A, Kwiatkowski P, Pula B, Dziegiel P, Janiszewski J, Wierzbicki PM, Kmiec Z. Divergent expression patterns of SATB1 mRNA and SATB1 protein in colorectal cancer and normal tissues. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4441-52. [PMID: 25874491 PMCID: PMC4529467 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a 'genome organizer,' and it has been proposed as a factor that affects the development and progression of various human neoplasms, including colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to compare SATB1 expression in a group of CRC patients and healthy subjects at the mRNA and protein levels. We collected paired tumor tissue and unchanged mucosa of the large intestine from 102 CRC patients as well as 53 biopsies of normal colon mucosa obtained from healthy patients during screening colonoscopy. Tissue samples were quantified for SATB1 mRNA by quantitative PCR, while SATB1 protein expression was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. SATB1 mRNA level in tumor tissues was over twofolds lower than in samples of corresponding unchanged tissues and fourfolds lower than in biopsies of healthy colon mucosa. Western blotting analysis revealed that SATB1 protein content in tumor and unchanged tissues of CRC patients was over sixfold and fivefolds higher than in biopsies of healthy colon mucosa, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated higher nuclear and cytoplasmic SATB1 reactivity in the tumor tissue compared to unchanged mucosa of CRC patients. Despite these differences, SATB1 mRNA, protein, and immunoreactivity levels did not correlate with patients' clinicopathological data and their overall survival, but the latter analysis was limited by a relatively short period of follow-up. In conclusion, we suggest that some as yet unidentified posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate SATB1 expression may be altered in the CRC tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Kowalczyk
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, 30 Warszawska Str., 10082, Olsztyn, Poland,
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Abstract
The special AT-rich sequence-binding proteins 1 and 2 (SATB1/2) are nuclear matrix associated proteins that are transcription factors involved in chromatin remodeling and gene regulation. Expression of the SATB2 gene is tissue-specific, and the only epithelial cells expressing SATB2 are the glandular cells of the lower gastrointestinal tract where its expression is regulated by microRNA-31 (miR-31) and miR-182. SATB2, along with its homolog SATB1, are thought to be involved in various cancers with their roles in this disease being specific to the type of cancer. Colorectal cancer (CRC) provides the largest association of SATB2 with cancer and the roles of SATB2 are better defined and more studied in CRC than in any other cancer type. SATB1 displays a negative association with SATB2 in CRC. The various studies that have investigated the involvement of SATB1 and 2 in CRC have produced consistent findings. Here, we form four major conclusions regarding the role of these proteins in CRC and their potential clinical value: (i) SATB2 is a sensitive marker to distinguish CRC from other cancer types, (ii) Reduced expression of SATB2 in CRC is associated with poor prognosis, (iii) High levels of SATB1 expression facilitate CRC and are associated with poor prognosis and (iv) Overexpression of miR-31 and -182 in CRC leads to more aggressive cancer. This review will describe several of the key investigations that established these conclusions and highlight results that offer opportunities for future research in the treatment and diagnosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Brocato
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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SATB1 is an independent prognostic factor in radically resected upper gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinoma. Virchows Arch 2014; 465:649-59. [PMID: 25326863 PMCID: PMC4245492 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is rising. While some progress has been made in treatment strategies, overall survival remains very poor for patients with adenocarcinoma in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a global genome organizer that has been demonstrated to promote aggressive tumor behavior in several different types of cancer, including gastric cancer. The prognostic value of SATB1 expression in esophageal cancer has, however, not yet been described. In this study, expression of SATB1 was examined by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays prepared from tissue samples from 175 patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, cardia, or stomach and containing normal tissue, intestinal metaplasia, primary tumors, and metastases. A well-validated antibody was used. We found SATB1 to be an independent prognostic factor in patients with a radically resected tumor, correlating with shorter overall survival as well as with shorter recurrence-free survival. SATB1 expression was also found to be significantly lower in primary tumors associated with intestinal metaplasia than those without intestinal metaplasia. This observation is of potential biological interest as it has been proposed that intestinal metaplasia-associated tumors constitute a less aggressive phenotype.
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31
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Niu Y, Wang L, Cheng C, Du C, Lu X, Wang G, Liu J. Increased expressions of SATB1 and S100A4 are associated with poor prognosis in human colorectal carcinoma. APMIS 2014; 123:93-101. [PMID: 25257341 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the correlation between expressions of SATB1 and S100A4 and their relationships to the clinicopathologic parameters of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Expressions of SATB1 and S100A4 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a cohort of 131 primary CRC patients undergone surgical resection from 2005 to 2007. SATB1 and S100A4 were positively expressed in 48.9% and 54.2% of CRC cases, respectively. SATB1 and S100A4 expressions in tumor tissues were significantly higher than those in the corresponding normal tissues. A positive correlation was observed between SATB1 and S100A4. Moreover, the levels of SATB1 and S100A4 were both significantly associated with invasion, lymph node status, and TNM stage of CRC, whereas S100A4 expression was also correlated with distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis revealed that SATB1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for poor survival of CRC. Further survival analysis indicated that co-expression of SATB1 and S100A4 suggested a worse 5-year overall survival rate in CRC patients. Thus, combined analysis of SATB1 and S100A4 expressions may be valuable in determining the development and progression of CRC. Co-expression of SATB1 and S100A4 is an unfavorable prognostic indicator and may be useful in the follow-up of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Niu
- Departments of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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