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Lian Y, Wang A, Wei L, Yao J, Bulloch G, Wu Z, Zhao Y. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in HIV-exposed uninfected infants following the cessation of triple antiretroviral drugs. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:307-311. [PMID: 38069910 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mitochondrial mutations in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants after cessation of ART are rarely studied. We analysed a group of HEU newborns born to mothers with late HIV diagnosis who received three doses of ART immediately after birth. We observed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations at different times of withdrawal. METHODS The study was based on a clinical trial conducted from 2015 to 2020. Newborns of the intervention group who met the criteria for this study received triple antiretroviral drugs, zidovudine + lamivudine + nevirapine, within 2 h after the birth, as post-partum prophylaxis, and at 14 days were switched to zidovudine + lamivudine + lopinavir/ritonavir, which was continued until 6 weeks of age. From August to November 2019, blood samples from HEU infants were also collected after ceasing 12 months of ART, and analysed for mtDNA. RESULTS Our study found that mtDNA mutations remained prevalent in HEU infants a few years after three ARTs were stopped immediately after birth. Among them, D-loop, ND1 and CYTB are the first three mutated regions during different withdrawal periods. This pattern of mutations is similar to, but not exactly consistent with, HIV-infected children receiving standard ART. CONCLUSIONS Further studies are needed to determine the effects of these mutations on the development of HEU infants and whether stopping ART leads to the restoration of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lian
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Wang
- National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Gabriella Bulloch
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Zunyou Wu
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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2
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Guo L, Liu X, Su X. The role of TEMRA cell-mediated immune senescence in the development and treatment of HIV disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1284293. [PMID: 37901239 PMCID: PMC10602809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1284293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has plagued human society for a long time since its discovery, causing a large number of patients to suffer and costing hundreds of millions of medical services every year. Scientists have found that HIV and antiretroviral therapy accelerate immune aging by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, and that terminal effector memory T cells (TEMRA cells) are crucial in immune aging. This specific subset of effector memory T cells has terminally differentiated properties and exhibits high cytotoxicity and proinflammatory capacity. We therefore explored and described the interplay between exhaustion features, essential markers, functions, and signaling pathways from previous studies on HIV, antiretroviral therapy, immune senescence, and TEMRA cells. Their remarkable antiviral capacity is then highlighted by elucidating phenotypic changes in TEMRA cells during HIV infection, describing changes in TEMRA cells before, during, and after antiretroviral therapy and other drug treatments. Their critical role in complications and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-HIV superinfection is highlighted. These studies demonstrate that TEMRA cells play a key role in the antiviral response and immune senescence during HIV infection. Finally, we review current therapeutic strategies targeting TEMRA cells that may be clinically beneficial, highlight their potential role in HIV-1 vaccine development, and provide perspectives and predictions for related future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Guo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shen Yang, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, China
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3
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Kehler DS, Milic J, Guaraldi G, Fulop T, Falutz J. Frailty in older people living with HIV: current status and clinical management. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:919. [PMID: 36447144 PMCID: PMC9708514 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03477-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper will update care providers on the clinical and scientific aspects of frailty which affects an increasing proportion of older people living with HIV (PLWH). The successful use of combination antiretroviral therapy has improved long-term survival in PLWH. This has increased the proportion of PLWH older than 50 to more than 50% of the HIV population. Concurrently, there has been an increase in the premature development of age-related comorbidities as well as geriatric syndromes, especially frailty, which affects an important minority of older PLWH. As the number of frail older PLWH increases, this will have an important impact on their health care delivery. Frailty negatively affects a PLWH's clinical status, and increases their risk of adverse outcomes, impacting quality of life and health-span. The biologic constructs underlying the development of frailty integrate interrelated pathways which are affected by the process of aging and those factors which accelerate aging. The negative impact of sarcopenia in maintaining musculoskeletal integrity and thereby functional status may represent a bidirectional interaction with frailty in PLWH. Furthermore, there is a growing body of literature that frailty states may be transitional. The recognition and management of related risk factors will help to mitigate the development of frailty. The application of interdisciplinary geriatric management principles to the care of older PLWH allows reliable screening and care practices for frailty. Insight into frailty, increasingly recognized as an important marker of biologic age, will help to understand the diversity of clinical status occurring in PLWH, which therefore represents a fundamentally new and important aspect to be evaluated in their health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Scott Kehler
- grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada ,grid.55602.340000 0004 1936 8200School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Room 402 Forrest Building 5869 University Ave, B3H 4R2, PO Box 15000 Halifax, NS Canada
| | - Jovana Milic
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Guaraldi
- grid.7548.e0000000121697570Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tamas Fulop
- grid.86715.3d0000 0000 9064 6198Department of Medicine, Geriatric Division, Research Center On Aging, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Julian Falutz
- grid.63984.300000 0000 9064 4811Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Comprehensive HIV Aging Initiative, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC Canada
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4
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Ding H, Jambunathan K, Jiang G, Margolis DM, Leng I, Ihnat M, Ma JX, Mirsalis J, Zhang Y. 3D Spheroids of Human Primary Urine-Derived Stem Cells in the Assessment of Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1042. [PMID: 35631624 PMCID: PMC9145543 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial toxicity (Mito-Tox) risk has increased due to the administration of several classes of drugs, particularly some life-long antiretroviral drugs for HIV+ individuals. However, no suitable in vitro assays are available to test long-term Mito-Tox (≥4 weeks). The goal of this study is to develop a 3D spheroid system of human primary urine-derived stem cells (USC) for the prediction of drug-induced delayed Mito-Tox. The cytotoxicity and Mito-Tox were assessed in 3D USC spheroids 4 weeks after treatment with antiretroviral drugs: zalcitabine (ddC; 0.1, 1 and 10 µM), tenofovir (TFV; 3, 30 and 300 µM) or Raltegravir (RAL; 2, 20 and 200 µM). Rotenone (RTNN, 10 µM) and 0.1% DMSO served as positive and negative controls. Despite only mild cytotoxicity, ddC significantly inhibited the expression of oxidative phosphorylation enzyme Complexes I, III, and IV; and RAL transiently reduced the level of Complex IV. A significant increase in caspase 3 and ROS/RNS level but a decrease in total ATP were observed in USC treated with ddC, TFV, RAL, and RTNN. Levels of mtDNA content and mitochondrial mass were decreased in ddC but minimally or not in TFV- and RAL-treated spheroids. Thus, 3D USC spheroid using antiretroviral drugs as a model offers an alternative platform to assess drug-induced late Mito-Tox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Ding
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Kalyani Jambunathan
- SRI Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (K.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Guochun Jiang
- University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (G.J.); (D.M.M.)
| | - David M. Margolis
- University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; (G.J.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Iris Leng
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Michael Ihnat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA;
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA;
| | - Jon Mirsalis
- SRI Biosciences, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Avenue, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; (K.J.); (J.M.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA;
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5
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Bick AG, Popadin K, Thorball CW, Uddin MM, Zanni MV, Yu B, Cavassini M, Rauch A, Tarr P, Schmid P, Bernasconi E, Günthard HF, Libby P, Boerwinkle E, McLaren PJ, Ballantyne CM, Grinspoon S, Natarajan P, Fellay J. Increased prevalence of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential amongst people living with HIV. Sci Rep 2022; 12:577. [PMID: 35022435 PMCID: PMC8755790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) have significantly increased risk for cardiovascular disease in part due to inflammation and immune dysregulation. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), the age-related acquisition and expansion of hematopoietic stem cells due to leukemogenic driver mutations, increases risk for both hematologic malignancy and coronary artery disease (CAD). Since increased inflammation is hypothesized to be both a cause and consequence of CHIP, we hypothesized that PLWH have a greater prevalence of CHIP. We searched for CHIP in multi-ethnic cases from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS, n = 600) and controls from the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Communities study (ARIC, n = 8111) from blood DNA-derived exome sequences. We observed that HIV is associated with a twofold increase in CHIP prevalence, both in the whole study population and in a subset of 230 cases and 1002 matched controls selected by propensity matching to control for demographic imbalances (SHCS 7%, ARIC 3%, p = 0.005). We also observed that ASXL1 is the most commonly mutated CHIP-associated gene in PLWH. Our results suggest that CHIP may contribute to the excess cardiovascular risk observed in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Konstantin Popadin
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian W Thorball
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Markella V Zanni
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthias Cavassini
- Service of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andri Rauch
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philip Tarr
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Schmid
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Enos Bernasconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Huldrych F Günthard
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, Baylor College of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul J McLaren
- JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Steven Grinspoon
- Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN 3.184, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Jacques Fellay
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Precision Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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6
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Liu A, Wei Q, Lin H, Ding Y, Sun YV, Zhao D, He J, Ma Z, Li F, Zhou S, Chen X, Shen W, Gao M, He N. Baseline Characteristics of Mitochondrial DNA and Mutations Associated With Short-Term Posttreatment CD4+T-Cell Recovery in Chinese People With HIV. Front Immunol 2022; 12:793375. [PMID: 34970271 PMCID: PMC8712318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.793375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) profiles and contributions of mtDNA variants to CD4+T-cell recovery in Euramerican people living with HIV (PLWH) may not be transferred to East-Asian PLWH, highlighting the need to consider more regional studies. We aimed to identify mtDNA characteristics and mutations that explain the variability of short-term CD4+T-cell recovery in East-Asian PLWH. Method Eight hundred fifty-six newly reported antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve Chinese PLWH from the Comparative HIV and Aging Research in Taizhou (CHART) cohort (Zhejiang Province, Eastern China) were enrolled. MtDNA was extracted from peripheral whole blood of those PLWH at HIV diagnosis, amplified, and sequenced using polymerase chain reaction and gene array. Characterization metrics such as mutational diversity and momentum were developed to delineate baseline mtDNA mutational patterns in ART-naïve PLWH. The associations between mtDNA genome-wide single nucleotide variants and CD4+T-cell recovery after short-term (within ~48 weeks) ART in 724 PLWH were examined using bootstrapping median regressions. Results Of 856 participants, 74.18% and 25.82% were male and female, respectively. The median age was 37 years; 94.51% were of the major Han ethnicity, and 69.04% and 28.62% were of the heterosexual and homosexual transmission, respectively. We identified 2,352 types of mtDNA mutations and mtDNA regions D-loop, ND5, CYB, or RNR1 with highest mutational diversity or volume. Female PLWH rather than male PLWH at the baseline showed remarkable age-related uptrends of momentum and mutational diversity as well as correlations between CD4+T <200 (cells/μl) and age-related uptrends of mutational diversity in many mtDNA regions. After adjustments of important sociodemographic and clinical variables, m.1005T>C, m.1824T>C, m.3394T>C, m.4491G>A, m.7828A>G, m.9814T>C, m.10586G>A, m.12338T>C, m.13708G>A, and m.14308T>C (at the Bonferroni-corrected significance) were negatively associated with short-term CD4+T-cell recovery whereas m.93A>G, m.15218A>G, and m.16399A>G were positively associated with short-term CD4+T-cell recovery. Conclusion Our baseline mtDNA characterization stresses the attention to East-Asian female PLWH at risk of CD4+T-cell loss-related aging and noncommunicable chronic diseases. Furthermore, mtDNA variants identified in regression analyses account for heterogeneity in short-term CD4+T-cell recovery of East-Asian PLWH. These results may help individualize the East-Asian immune recovery strategies under complicated HIV management caused by CD4+T-cell loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haijiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, China
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan V Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghui Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feihu Li
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujuan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Department of AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, China
| | - Meiyang Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Ciesielska EJ, Kim S, Bisimwa HGM, Grier C, Rahman MM, Young CKJ, Young MJ, Oliveira MT, Ciesielski GL. Remdesivir triphosphate blocks DNA synthesis and increases exonucleolysis by the replicative mitochondrial DNA polymerase, Pol γ. Mitochondrion 2021; 61:147-158. [PMID: 34619353 PMCID: PMC8595818 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the FDA to authorize a new nucleoside analogue, remdesivir, for emergency use in affected individuals. We examined the effects of its active metabolite, remdesivir triphosphate (RTP), on the activity of the replicative mitochondrial DNA polymerase, Pol γ. We found that while RTP is not incorporated by Pol γ into a nascent DNA strand, it remains associated with the enzyme impeding its synthetic activity and stimulating exonucleolysis. In spite of that, we found no evidence for deleterious effects of remdesivir treatment on the integrity of the mitochondrial genome in human cells in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena J Ciesielska
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL 36117, United States
| | - Shalom Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL 36117, United States
| | | | - Cody Grier
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL 36117, United States
| | - Md Mostafijur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Carolyn K J Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Matthew J Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Marcos T Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Grzegorz L Ciesielski
- Department of Chemistry, Auburn University at Montgomery, Montgomery, AL 36117, United States.
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8
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Justice AC, Gordon KS, Romero J, Edelman EJ, Garcia BJ, Jones P, Khoo S, Lo Re V, Rentsch CT, Tate JP, Tseng A, Womack J, Jacobson D. Polypharmacy-associated risk of hospitalisation among people ageing with and without HIV: an observational study. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2021; 2:e639-e650. [PMID: 34870254 PMCID: PMC8639138 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(21)00206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polypharmacy, defined as use of five or more medications concurrently, is associated with adverse health outcomes and people ageing with HIV might be at greater risk than similar uninfected individuals. We aimed to determine whether known pairwise drug interactions (KPDIs) were associated with risk of admission to hospital (hereafter referred to as hospitalisation) and medication count among people ageing with and without HIV after accounting for physiological frailty. Methods In this observational study, we collected individual-level data for participants of the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS) with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and with supressed HIV-1 RNA and people without HIV who were receiving at least one prescription medication, based on active medications in the 2009 fiscal year (ie, Oct 1, 2008, to Sept 30, 2009). We identified KPDIs among these patients by linking prescription fill and refill data with data from DrugBank (version 5.0.11). We collected data on all-cause mortality and hospitalisations between Oct 1, 2009, and March 31, 2019. We compared KPDI counts using random selection and actual patterns of use across medication counts from two to 12. We created a weighted KPDI Index on the basis of the average association of each KPDI with mortality among people ageing without HIV and used nested Cox models stratified by HIV status to estimate the association between medication count and hospitalisation, with incremental adjustments for demographics, physiological frailty, and KPDI Index. Findings We collected data for 9186 people ageing with HIV and 37 930 individuals without HIV. 45 913 (97·4%) of 47 116 patients were men and the sample was predominantly aged 50–64 years (30 413 [64·6%]). Compared with a random sample of medications, real-world pattern of medication counts and combinations were associated with five-to-six times more KPDIs (eg, for a combination of six medications, KPDI count was 1·09 in the random sample, 5·49 in the HIV-negative population, and 7·13 in the HIV-positive population). For each additional observed medication, people ageing with HIV had approximately 2·94 additional KPDIs and comparators had approximately 2·67 additional KPDIs. Adjustment for demographics, physiological frailty, and KPDI Index reduced the association between medication count and risk of hospitalisation for people ageing with HIV (hazard ratio 1·08 [95% CI 1·07–1·09] reduced to 1·06 [1·05–1·07]) and those without HIV (1·08 [1·07–1·08] reduced to 1·04 [1·03–1·05]). Interpretation For each additional medication, people ageing with HIV have more drug–drug interactions than those without HIV. Adjusting for known non-ART drug–drug interactions, each additional non-ART medication confers excess risk of hospitalisation for people ageing with HIV. Randomised trials will be needed to determine whether reducing these interactions improves outcomes. Funding National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research & Development, and Office of Research and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Justice
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Kirsha S Gordon
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Jonathon Romero
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Benjamin J Garcia
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Piet Jones
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Saye Khoo
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Vincent Lo Re
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Christopher T Rentsch
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Janet P Tate
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Alice Tseng
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Julie Womack
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
| | - Daniel Jacobson
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice MD, K S Gordon PhD, E J Edelman MD, J P Tate ScD); VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA (Prof A C Justice, K S Gordon, J P Tate, C T Rentsch PhD, J Womack PhD); Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA (J Romero BSc, P Jones MSc); Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA (B J Garcia PhD, D Jacobson PhD); Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK (Prof S Khoo MD); Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (V Lo Re III MD); Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK (C T Rentsch); University Health Network and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (A Tseng PharmD); Faculty of Yale University School of Nursing, West Haven, CT, USA (J Womack)
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9
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Jones SW, Ball AL, Chadwick AE, Alfirevic A. The Role of Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Drug Response: A Systematic Review. Front Genet 2021; 12:698825. [PMID: 34484295 PMCID: PMC8416105 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.698825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The triad of drug efficacy, toxicity and resistance underpins the risk-benefit balance of all therapeutics. The application of pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve the risk-benefit balance of a given therapeutic via the stratification of patient populations based on DNA variants. A growth in the understanding of the particulars of the mitochondrial genome, alongside the availability of techniques for its interrogation has resulted in a growing body of literature examining the impact of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation upon drug response. Objective: To critically evaluate and summarize the available literature, across a defined period, in a systematic fashion in order to map out the current landscape of the subject area and identify how the field may continue to advance. Methods: A systematic review of the literature published between January 2009 and December 2020 was conducted using the PubMed database with the following key inclusion criteria: reference to specific mtDNA polymorphisms or haplogroups, a core objective to examine associations between mtDNA variants and drug response, and research performed using human subjects or human in vitro models. Results: Review of the literature identified 24 articles reporting an investigation of the association between mtDNA variant(s) and drug efficacy, toxicity or resistance that met the key inclusion criteria. This included 10 articles examining mtDNA variations associated with antiretroviral therapy response, 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with anticancer agent response and 4 articles examining mtDNA variants associated with antimicrobial agent response. The remaining articles covered a wide breadth of medications and were therefore grouped together and referred to as "other." Conclusions: Investigation of the impact of mtDNA variation upon drug response has been sporadic to-date. Collective assessment of the associations identified in the articles was inconclusive due to heterogeneous methods and outcomes, limited racial/ethnic groups, lack of replication and inadequate statistical power. There remains a high degree of idiosyncrasy in drug response and this area has the potential to explain variation in drug response in a clinical setting, therefore further research is likely to be of clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha W. Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy L. Ball
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amy E. Chadwick
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Alfirevic
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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10
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Roda RH, Bargiela D, Chen W, Perry K, Ellis RJ, Clifford DB, Bharti A, Kallianpur AR, Oliveira MF, Diaz MM, Rubin LH, Gavegnano C, McArthur JC, Hoke A, Polydefkis M. Large Mitochondrial DNA Deletions in HIV Sensory Neuropathy. Neurology 2021; 97:e156-e165. [PMID: 33947785 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of large mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions in skin samples of people with HIV (PWH) with measures of neuropathy and prior exposure to therapy. We hypothesized that deletions would be associated with neuropathy. As secondary objectives, we determined the correlation of deletion burden with demographic data and neuropathy measures. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we measured the accumulation of large mtDNA deletions in skin biopsies from PWH recruited as part of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG). Our cohort includes individuals with and without sensory neuropathy, as well as individuals with normal or abnormal skin biopsies. Skin biopsies, sural and peroneal nerve conduction studies, total neuropathy score, and deletion burden scores were measured, along with baseline demographic data such as age, CD4+ cell count, viral counts, and prior nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor exposures. RESULTS Sixty-seven PWH were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the cohort (n = 67) was 44 years (SD 6.8, range 32-65 years), and 9 participants were female. The mean CD4+ T-cell count was 168 cells/mm3 (SD 97 cells/mm3, range 1-416 cells/mm3) and mean viral load was 51,129 copies/mL (SD 114,586 copies/mL, range 147-657,775 copies/mL). We determined that there was a correlation between the total mtDNA deletion and intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) (r = -0.344, p = 0.04) and sural nerve amplitude (r = -0.359, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Both IENFD and sural nerve amplitude statistically correlate with mitochondrial mutation burden in PWH, specifically in those with HIV-associated sensory neuropathy as assessed by skin biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo H Roda
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
| | - David Bargiela
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Weiran Chen
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ken Perry
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ronald J Ellis
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - David B Clifford
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ajay Bharti
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Asha R Kallianpur
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michelli F Oliveira
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Monica M Diaz
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Leah H Rubin
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Christina Gavegnano
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Justin C McArthur
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ahmet Hoke
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Michael Polydefkis
- From the Department of Neurology (R.H.R., W.C., K.P., L.H.R., J.C.M., A.H., M.P.) and Department of Psychiatry (L.H.R.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Medicine (D.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Departments of Neurosciences and Psychiatry (R.J.E., M.M.D.) and Department of Medicine (A.B., M.F.O.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology (D.B.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; Departments of Genomic Medicine, Medicine, and Pediatrics (A.R.K.), Cleveland Clinic/Lerner Research Institute and Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, OH; and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (C.G.), Joint Appointment in Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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11
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Schank M, Zhao J, Moorman JP, Yao ZQ. The Impact of HIV- and ART-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cellular Senescence and Aging. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010174. [PMID: 33467074 PMCID: PMC7830696 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO, 38 million individuals were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 25.4 million of which were using antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the end of 2019. Despite ART-mediated suppression of viral replication, ART is not a cure and is associated with viral persistence, residual inflammation, and metabolic disturbances. Indeed, due to the presence of viral reservoirs, lifelong ART therapy is required to control viremia and prevent disease progression into acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Successful ART treatment allows people living with HIV (PLHIV) to achieve a similar life expectancy to uninfected individuals. However, recent studies have illustrated the presence of increased comorbidities, such as accelerated, premature immune aging, in ART-controlled PLHIV compared to uninfected individuals. Studies suggest that both HIV-infection and ART-treatment lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ultimately resulting in cellular exhaustion, senescence, and apoptosis. Since mitochondria are essential cellular organelles for energy homeostasis and cellular metabolism, their compromise leads to decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), ATP synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and beta-oxidation, abnormal cell homeostasis, increased oxidative stress, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations and cellular apoptosis. The progressive mitochondrial damage induced by HIV-infection and ART-treatment likely contributes to accelerated aging, senescence, and cellular dysfunction in PLHIV. This review discusses the connections between mitochondrial compromise and cellular dysfunction associated with HIV- and ART-induced toxicities, providing new insights into how HIV and current ART directly impact mitochondrial functions and contribute to cellular senescence and aging in PLHIV. Identifying this nexus and potential mechanisms may be beneficial in developing improved therapeutics for treating PLHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Schank
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (M.S.); (J.Z.); (J.P.M.)
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Juan Zhao
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (M.S.); (J.Z.); (J.P.M.)
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Moorman
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (M.S.); (J.Z.); (J.P.M.)
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
- Hepatitis (HCV/HBV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Zhi Q. Yao
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA; (M.S.); (J.Z.); (J.P.M.)
- Division of Infectious, Inflammatory and Immunologic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
- Hepatitis (HCV/HBV/HIV) Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +423-439-8063; Fax: +423-439-7010
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12
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Lechuga-Vieco AV, Justo-Méndez R, Enríquez JA. Not all mitochondrial DNAs are made equal and the nucleus knows it. IUBMB Life 2020; 73:511-529. [PMID: 33369015 PMCID: PMC7985871 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system is the only structure in animal cells with components encoded by two genomes, maternally transmitted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and biparentally transmitted nuclear DNA (nDNA). MtDNA‐encoded genes have to physically assemble with their counterparts encoded in the nucleus to build together the functional respiratory complexes. Therefore, structural and functional matching requirements between the protein subunits of these molecular complexes are rigorous. The crosstalk between nDNA and mtDNA needs to overcome some challenges, as the nuclear‐encoded factors have to be imported into the mitochondria in a correct quantity and match the high number of organelles and genomes per mitochondria that encode and synthesize their own components locally. The cell is able to sense the mito‐nuclear match through changes in the activity of the OXPHOS system, modulation of the mitochondrial biogenesis, or reactive oxygen species production. This implies that a complex signaling cascade should optimize OXPHOS performance to the cellular‐specific requirements, which will depend on cell type, environmental conditions, and life stage. Therefore, the mitochondria would function as a cellular metabolic information hub integrating critical information that would feedback the nucleus for it to respond accordingly. Here, we review the current understanding of the complex interaction between mtDNA and nDNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Victoria Lechuga-Vieco
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Raquel Justo-Méndez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Different factors contribute to the decreased overall long-term survival in treated people living with HIV (PLWH). This paper will review the state of physical frailty which limits successful aging in PLWH. RECENT FINDINGS Identifiable events on the continuum from clinical normality to heightened risk of adverse health outcomes contribute to frailty. These center on chronic inflammation leading to destabilization of autoregulated physiologic systems challenged by environmental and biologic challenges. Frailty assessment can inform the profile of aging PLWH at increased risk of common age-related disorders and geriatric syndromes. Biologic and psychosocial risk factors promoting progression to and reversion from a dynamic state of frailty are being investigated, allowing for preventative interventions to be considered. Insights gained from studying frail PLWH will help adapt an interdisciplinary geriatric model of health care for selected PLWH. This will improve the health and well-being of aging PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Falutz
- Division of Geriatrics, Director, Comprehensive HIV and Aging Initiative, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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14
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Bornstein R, Gonzalez B, Johnson SC. Mitochondrial pathways in human health and aging. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:72-84. [PMID: 32738358 PMCID: PMC7508824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are eukaryotic organelles known best for their roles in energy production and metabolism. While often thought of as simply the 'powerhouse of the cell,' these organelles participate in a variety of critical cellular processes including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regulation of programmed cell death, modulation of inter- and intracellular nutrient signaling pathways, and maintenance of cellular proteostasis. Disrupted mitochondrial function is a hallmark of eukaryotic aging, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to play a role in many aging-related diseases. While mitochondria are major players in human diseases, significant questions remain regarding their precise mechanistic role. In this review, we detail mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction participate in disease and aging based on findings from model organisms and human genetics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Simon C Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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15
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Ziada AS, Lu MY, Ignas‐Menzies J, Paintsil E, Li M, Ogbuagu O, Saberi S, Hsieh AYY, Sattha B, Harrigan PR, Kalloger S, Côté HCF. Mitochondrial DNA somatic mutation burden and heteroplasmy are associated with chronological age, smoking, and HIV infection. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13018. [PMID: 31407474 PMCID: PMC6826146 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The gradual accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations is implicated in aging and may contribute to the accelerated aging phenotype seen with tobacco smoking and HIV infection. mtDNA mutations are thought to arise from oxidative damage; however, recent reports implicate polymerase γ errors during mtDNA replication. Investigations of somatic mtDNA mutations have been hampered by technical challenges in measuring low-frequency mutations. We use primer ID-based next-generation sequencing to quantify both somatic and heteroplasmic blood mtDNA point mutations within the D-loop, in 164 women and girls aged 2-72 years, of whom 35% were smokers and 56% were HIV-positive. Somatic mutations and the occurrence of heteroplasmic mutations increased with age. While transitions are theorized to result from polymerase γ errors, transversions are believed to arise from DNA oxidative damage. In our study, both transition and transversion mutations were associated with age. However, transition somatic mutations were more prevalent than transversions, and no heteroplasmic transversions were observed. We also measured elevated somatic mutations, but not heteroplasmy, in association with high peak HIV viremia. Conversely, heteroplasmy was higher among smokers, but somatic mutations were not, suggesting that smoking promotes the expansion of preexisting mutations rather than de novo mutations. Taken together, our results are consistent with blood mtDNA mutations increasing with age, inferring a greater contribution of polymerase γ errors in mtDNA mutagenesis. We further suggest that smoking and HIV infection both contribute to the accumulation of mtDNA mutations, though in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Ziada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Meng Ying Lu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Jarek Ignas‐Menzies
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Elijah Paintsil
- Department of PediatricsYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- School of Public HealthYale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Min Li
- Department of PediatricsYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Onyema Ogbuagu
- Department of MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Sara Saberi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Anthony Y. Y. Hsieh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Beheroze Sattha
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | | | - Steve Kalloger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Hélène C. F. Côté
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Centre for Blood ResearchUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Women’s Health Research InstituteVancouverBCCanada
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16
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Ouyang Y, Wei F, Qiao L, Liu K, Dong Y, Guo X, Wang S, Pang L, Lin M, Zhang F, Lin D, Chen D. Mitochondrial DNA mutations accumulated in HIV-1-infected children who have an excellent virological response when exposed to long-term antiretroviral therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2019; 73:3114-3121. [PMID: 30351437 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is growing concern about mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations with long-term NRTI exposure in HIV-1 infected children. Methods Twenty-four HIV-1 infected children who started ART more than 2 years earlier who had an excellent virological response and had not changed their regimen were enrolled retrospectively. Their corresponding PBMCs in 2009 (T1), 2010 (T2) and 2013 (T3) were included. Sequencing of the entire mtDNA using next-generation sequencing revealed the spectrum of mtDNA variants. Results The trend showed that the number of mtDNA mutations during ART occurred as T1 < T2 < T3 (P = 0.086). Interestingly, the numbers of whole mtDNA mutations at T3 (median 41, range 24-62) were significantly greater than at T1 (34, 25-46, P = 0.029). A positive correlation was found between total mtDNA mutations and treatment time (r = 0.352, P = 0.002). During the observation period, mtDNA mutations more frequently occurred in the D-loop, cytochrome b (CYTB) and 12S rRNA regions. The heteroplasmic ratio of T3 was higher than that of T1 in CYTB and 12S rRNA (P = 0.034 and P = 0.042, respectively). High heteroplasmic population levels were found at nt 263 (A263G, D-loop) and nt 8860 (A8860G, ATPase6). A significant difference in heteroplasmy between T1, T2 and T3 occurred at nt 14783 (T14783C, CYTB, P = 0.048, T3 > T2 > T1). Conclusions Our findings reveal the spectrum of mtDNA variants in HIV-1-infected children who had an excellent virological response. mtDNA mutations accumulated during ART may play an important role in facilitating the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabo Ouyang
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Feili Wei
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Luxin Qiao
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Yaowu Dong
- Branch of Shang Cai, Henan province, Division of Treatment and Care, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Zhumadian, China
| | - Xianghua Guo
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Pang
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Minghua Lin
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
| | - Fujie Zhang
- Division of Treatment and Care, National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing, China
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17
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Lanzafame M, Nicolè S, Gibellini D, Lattuada E, Cucchetto G, Rigo F, Diani E, Concia E, Vento S. Dolutegravir monotherapy in HIV-infected naive patients with an HIV-RNA load <100 000 copies/mL: a medium-term follow-up. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 72:2136-2138. [PMID: 28387810 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Lanzafame
- 'Diagnosis and Therapy of HIV Infection' Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy.,Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Nicolè
- Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Gibellini
- Microbiology Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Emanuela Lattuada
- Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Cucchetto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabio Rigo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Erica Diani
- Microbiology Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Ercole Concia
- Infectious Diseases Unit, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Sandro Vento
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.,Nazarbayev University Medical Center, Astana, Kazakhstan
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18
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Ahmed D, Roy D, Cassol E. Examining Relationships between Metabolism and Persistent Inflammation in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:6238978. [PMID: 30363715 PMCID: PMC6181007 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6238978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV-infected individuals are now living longer and healthier lives. However, ART does not completely restore health and treated individuals are experiencing increased rates of noncommunicable diseases such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. While it is well known that persistent immune activation and inflammation contribute to the development of these comorbid diseases, the mechanisms underlying this chronic activation remain incompletely understood. In this review, we will discuss emerging evidence that suggests that alterations in cellular metabolism may play a central role in driving this immune dysfunction in HIV patients on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duale Ahmed
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Roy
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edana Cassol
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Naturally Derived Anti-HIV Polysaccharide Peptide (PSP) Triggers a Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Antiviral Immune Response. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:8741698. [PMID: 30116757 PMCID: PMC6079438 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8741698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Intense interest remains in the identification of compounds to reduce human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Coriolus versicolor's polysaccharide peptide (PSP) has been demonstrated to possess immunomodulatory properties with the ability to activate an innate immune response through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) showing insignificant toxicity. This study sought to determine the potential use of PSP as an anti-HIV agent and whether its antiviral immune response was TLR4 dependent. Materials and Methods HIV-1 p24 and anti-HIV chemokine release was assessed in HIV-positive (HIV+) THP1 cells and validated in HIV+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), to determine PSP antiviral activity. The involvement of TLR4 activation in PSP anti-HIV activity was evaluated by inhibition. Results PSP showed a promising potential as an anti-HIV agent, by downregulating viral replication and promoting the upregulation of specific antiviral chemokines (RANTES, MIP-1α/β, and SDF-1α) known to block HIV-1 coreceptors in THP1 cells and human PBMCs. PSP produced a 61% viral inhibition after PSP treatment in HIV-1-infected THP1 cells. Additionally, PSP upregulated the expression of TLR4 and TLR4 inhibition led to countereffects in chemokine expression and HIV-1 replication. Conclusion Taken together, these findings put forward the first evidence that PSP exerts an anti-HIV activity mediated by TLR4 and key antiviral chemokines. Elucidating these new molecular mediators may reveal additional drug targets and open novel therapeutic avenues for HIV-1 infection.
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