1
|
Raittio E, Helakorpi S, Suominen AL. Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Toothbrushing Frequency in Finnish Adults: Results From Annual National Cross-Sectional Surveys From 1978 to 2014. Int Dent J 2021; 71:233-241. [PMID: 33526244 PMCID: PMC9275030 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives No previous study has analysed age-, period-, and cohort-related long-term trends in toothbrushing frequency among adults using a nationally representative data set. Our aim was to study age, period, and cohort effects on toothbrushing among 15- to 64-year-olds in Finland from 1978 to 2014. Methods Data were gathered by nationally representative random cross-sectional samples of 15- to 64-year-old Finns annually from 1978 to 2014, during which response rates decreased from 84% to 53%. The final pooled sample size was 119,665. An age-period-cohort model was used to separate the effects of age, period, and cohort on trends in men's and women's toothbrushing frequency. Results From 1978 to 2014, the proportion of respondents who brushed at least twice a day or once a day increased from 42% to 66% and from 83% to 95%, respectively. The proportion of respondents who brushed at least twice a day increased from 27% to 53% among men and from 60% to 75% among women. Increases in at least once-a-day toothbrushing were smaller in both sexes, and in women the increase was minimal over the study years. The increase in toothbrushing frequency occurred particularly among those older than 40 years of age. In men, toothbrushing frequency increased steadily cohort by cohort (cohort effect) and within a single cohort as men in the cohort got older (longitudinal age trend). Instead, in women the cohort effect and longitudinal age trend in toothbrushing were smaller at both frequency thresholds. Conclusions On the population level, favourable changes in toothbrushing habits occurred among adult Finns from 1978 to 2014, especially in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eero Raittio
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Satu Helakorpi
- Department of Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Liisa Suominen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Public Health Evaluation and Projection Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Souto MLS, Rovai ES, Villar CC, Braga MM, Pannuti CM. Effect of smoking cessation on tooth loss: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:245. [PMID: 31718636 PMCID: PMC6852780 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontitis and tooth loss. Smoking cessation has a positive impact in periodontal treatment. However, so far, no systematic review has evaluated the effect of smoking cessation on tooth loss. Therefore, this review aimed to evaluate if smoking cessation reduces the risk of tooth loss. METHODS Observational (cross-sectional and longitudinal) studies that investigated the association between smoking cessation and tooth loss were included. MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to November 2018. Pooled results for subgroups of current and former smokers were compared in meta-analysis. Meta-regression was used to test the influence of smoking status on estimates and explore the heterogeneity. RESULTS Of 230 potentially relevant publications, 21 studies were included in the qualitative review and 12 in the quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies did not show any differences between former and current smokers in the chance of losing 1 or more teeth (OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.80 to 1.24, I2 = 80%), losing more than 8 teeth (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.78 to 1.32, I2 = 0%) or being edentulous (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 0.94 to 1.99, I2 = 98%). Meta-analysis from longitudinal studies showed that, when compared to never smokers, former smokers presented no increased risk of tooth loss (RR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.98 to 1.35, I2 = 76%), while current smokers presented an increased risk of tooth loss (RR = 2.60; 95% CI = 2.29 to 2.96, I2 = 61%). Meta-regression showed that, among former smokers, the time of cessation was the variable that better explained heterogeneity (approximately 60%). CONCLUSIONS Risk for tooth loss in former smokers is comparable to that of never smokers. Moreover, former smokers have a reduced risk of tooth loss, when compared to current smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Silveira Souto
- Division of Periodontics, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Silva Rovai
- Division of Periodontics, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry, Periodontics Research Division, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristina Cunha Villar
- Division of Periodontics, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mariana Minatel Braga
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Mendes Pannuti
- Division of Periodontics, University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taghat N, Werling M, Östberg AL. Oral Health–Related Quality of Life After Gastric Bypass Surgery. Obes Surg 2019; 30:224-232. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04172-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The aim was to examine how individuals treated for obesity with gastric bypass (GBP) surgery perceived their oral health and oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL).
Method
All individuals in one Swedish region who had undergone GBP surgery (n = 1182) were sent a postal questionnaire 2 years after surgery. The questionnaire comprised items on sociodemographics, oral symptoms and the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 to assess the OHRQoL.
Results
The mean age was 47.6 years with 75% females, response rate 55.3%. The self-perceived oral health was rated low by 45% of the respondents. Gender differences were seen, for instance, regarding hypersensitive teeth (men 18.8%, women 30.8%, p = 0.003). Nine out of ten reported at least one oral impact experienced sometimes, fairly or very often, according to the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49). The mean additive OHIP-49 score was 30.3 (SD 36.1). The associations between self-reported oral health and OHRQoL were consistent throughout. Tooth hypersensitivity generated an OR of 2.28 (95% CI 2.28–8.46) of having ≥ 2 impacts on OHRQoL.
Conclusion
A large proportion of individuals having undergone GBP surgery reported problems with their oral health and impacts on their OHRQoL, indicating a need for medical and dental staff—surgeons and general practitioners as well as other health professionals—to offer oral health promotion and prevention measures.
Collapse
|
4
|
Hach M, Christensen LB, Lange T, Hvidtfeldt UA, Danielsen B, Diderichsen F, Osler M, Prescott E, Andersen I. Social inequality in tooth loss, the mediating role of smoking and alcohol consumption. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2019; 47:416-423. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hach
- Department of Odontology and School of Oral Health Care, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Lisa B. Christensen
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Theis Lange
- Section of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Statistical Science Peking University Peking China
| | - Ulla A. Hvidtfeldt
- Diet, Genes and Environment Danish Cancer Society Research Center Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Bo Danielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Oral Health Care University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Finn Diderichsen
- Department of Public Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Merete Osler
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention Frederiksberg/Bispebjerg Hospitals Frederiksberg Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Eva Prescott
- Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg/Frederiksberg Hospitals University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ingelise Andersen
- Department of Public Health, Section of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pérez Barrionuevo AM, Gómez Real F, Igland J, Johannessen A, Omenaas E, Franklin KA, Pérez Barrionuevo L, Åstrøm AN, Svanes C, Bertelsen RJ. Periodontal health status and lung function in two Norwegian cohorts. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191410. [PMID: 29351551 PMCID: PMC5774767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The oral cavity is united with the airways, and thus poor oral health may affect respiratory health. However, data on the interaction of periodontal and respiratory health is limited. We aimed to evaluate whether periodontal health status, assessed by the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), was related to lung function among young and middle-aged adults in two Norwegian cohorts. METHODS Periodontal health status and lung function were measured among 656 participants in the Norwegian part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECHRS III) and the RHINESSA offspring study. Each participant was given a CPI-index from 0 to 4 where higher values reflect poorer periodontal status. The association between CPI and lung function was estimated with linear regression adjusting for age, gender, smoking, body mass index, exercise, education, use of antibiotics, inhaled medication and corrected for clustering within families. MAIN RESULTS Participants with CPI 3-4 had significantly lower FEV1/FVC ratio compared to participants with CPI 0, b (95% CI) = -0.032 (-0.055, -0.009). Poorer periodontal health was associated with a significant decrease in the FEV1/FVC ratio with an adjusted regression coefficient for linear trend b (95% CI) = -0.009 (-0.015, -0.004) per unit increase in CPI. This negative association remained when excluding asthmatics and smokers (-0.014 (-0.022, -0,006)). CONCLUSIONS Poorer periodontal health was associated with increasing airways obstruction in a relatively young, healthy population. The oral cavity is united with the airways and our findings indicate an opportunity to influence respiratory health by improving oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jannicke Igland
- Department of Global Health and Community Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ernst Omenaas
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl A. Franklin
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | | | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Sudani FYH, Vehkalahti MM, Suominen AL. Association of current employment status with oral health-related behaviors: findings from the Finnish Health 2000 Survey. Eur J Oral Sci 2016; 124:368-76. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Y. H. Al-Sudani
- Department of Oral Public Health; Institute of Dentistry; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
| | - Miira M. Vehkalahti
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases; Faculty of Medicine; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Anna L. Suominen
- Department of Oral Public Health; Institute of Dentistry; University of Eastern Finland; Kuopio Finland
- The Living Environment and Health Unit; National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL); Kuopio Finland
- The Health Monitoring Unit; National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL); Helsinki Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Kuopio University Hospital; Kuopio Finland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Similä T, Virtanen JI. Association between smoking intensity and duration and tooth loss among Finnish middle-aged adults: The Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Project. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1141. [PMID: 26576994 PMCID: PMC4650303 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking is a risk factor for oral diseases and tooth loss. Our aim was to analyze the association between smoking intensity and duration and tooth loss among middle-aged Finnish adults who have enjoyed access to subsidized dental care since childhood. Methods This study was based on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) Project, a representative sample of Finnish 46-year-olds. Altogether 1946 46-year-olds participated in a survey and comprehensive clinical oral examinations. We measured smoking exposure in pack-years (intensity) and years of smoking (duration) combined with recent smoking status (current, former, occasional or never). We used negative binomial regression models to estimate the unadjusted and adjusted relative risks (RR) with corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for tooth loss as an outcome. Gender, education, tooth brushing frequency, dental plaque, diabetes and alcohol use served as explanatory variables for the adjusted models. Results Smoking intensity associated with tooth loss in an exposure-dependent manner: those with a high number of pack-years had a significantly greater probability of tooth loss than never smokers: 11–20 pack-years (RR = 1.55, 95 % CI = 1.15–2.08) and 21 or more pack-years (RR = 1.78, 95 % CI = 1.36–2.33). Smoking duration also associated with tooth loss: those who had smoked for several years had a significantly higher probability of tooth loss than never smokers: 21–30 years of smoking (RR = 1.66, 95 % CI = 1.29–2.12) and 31 or more years of smoking (RR = 1.72, 95 % CI = 1.20–2.45). Conclusions We found a clear intensity- and duration-dependent relation between smoking and tooth loss among adults with access to subsidized dental care and in good oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toni Similä
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5281, Oulu, FIN-90014, Finland. .,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland. .,Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5281, Oulu, FIN-90014, Finland. .,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu, Finland. .,Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|