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Folayan MO, Coelho EMRDB, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Al-Batayneh OB, Daryanavard H, Duangthip D, Sun IG, Arheiam A, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, El Tantawi M, Schroth RJ, Feldens CA. Association between early childhood caries and parental education and the link to the sustainable development goal 4: a scoping review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:517. [PMID: 38698356 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04291-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4 is to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. The aim of this scoping review was to map the current evidence on the association between the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) and parental education; and to identify possible pathways by which parental education may protect against ECC. METHODS The two questions that guided this review were: what is the existing evidence on the association between maternal and paternal education and ECC; and what are the pathways by which parental education protects against ECC? The initial search was conducted in January 2023 in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Articles published in English between January 2000 and October 2022 that reported on the association between parental education and ECC were screened, and the extracted data were compiled, summarized, and synthesized. Review papers and non-primary quantitative research papers were excluded from the full-text review. Open coding was applied to develop a conceptual framework. RESULTS In total, 49 studies were included: 42 cross-sectional, 3 case-control and 4 cohort studies. The majority (91.8%) reported on the associations between ECC and maternal (n = 33), paternal (n = 3), and parental (n = 9) level of education, and 13 (26.7%) reported on the association between parental education and the severity of ECC. Mothers with more than primary school education (n = 3), post-secondary/college/tertiary education (n = 23), and more than 4-12 years of education (n = 12) had children with lower risk for ECC. Two studies reporting on parental education found an association between maternal but not paternal education and ECC. The review suggests that achieving the SDG 4.1 may reduce the risk of ECC. Possible pathways by which maternal education protects from ECC were feeding practices, oral hygiene practices, and the use of dental services. CONCLUSION The study findings suggests that higher maternal educational level may reduce the risk for the consumption of cariogenic diet, poor oral hygiene practices and poor use of dental services for caries prevention. However, the association between paternal education and ECC was not consistently observed, with significant associations less frequently reported compared to maternal education. Future studies are needed to define the magnitude and modifiers of the impact of maternal education on the risk for ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Elisa Maria Rosa de Barros Coelho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Brazil
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ola Barakat Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hamideh Daryanavard
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Carlos Alberto Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Brazil
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Gaffar B, Schroth RJ, Foláyan MO, Ramos-Gomez F, Virtanen JI. A global survey of national oral health policies and its coverage for young children. Front Oral Health 2024; 5:1362647. [PMID: 38645574 PMCID: PMC11026553 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1362647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is no accessible information on countries with oral health policies. The purpose of this study was to identify World Dental Federation (FDI) member countries with oral health policies and their scope and extent of coverage of oral health care for young children. Methods This international survey recruited chief dental officers, oral health advisors to national ministries of health, and other key informants of the 158 FDI member countries between December 2020 and December 2021. The survey tool was administered online to the study participants. Key questions explored the following outcome measures: countries with oral health policies; the thrusts of the oral health policies; policy thrusts targeting young children; and dental care plans as a component of a universal health care plan. Descriptive statistics were conducted to determine the number of countries with any of the study outcome measures and coverage per country. Results Sixty (38%) of the 158 FDI member-countries responded to the survey. Forty-eight (55.2%) of the 60 countries had a national oral health policy document or position statement on oral health; 54 (62.1%) countries had plans on universal health care, and 42 (48.3%) included dental care within their universal health care plan. The most common policy thrusts addressing the oral health needs of children were the promotion of oral hygiene (71.7%), provision of fluoride products for children (53.3%), collaboration with primary care providers (35%), and prenatal oral health education (50%). There were differences in the scope of oral health care coverage and the coverage for young children between continents as well as between countries. Europe had many countries with children-friendly oral health policy coverage. Conclusions About half of the surveyed countries had a national oral health policy. There were variations in the scope of oral health care coverage, particularly for young children, both between continents and among individual countries. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the landscape of oral health policies globally. Such insights can help inform targeted interventions to enhance oral health policies, thereby contributing to improved oral health outcomes on a global level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Robert J. Schroth
- Departments of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry and Departments of Pediatrics & Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, MB, Canada
| | | | - Francisco Ramos-Gomez
- UCLA Center for Children’s Oral Health (UCCOH), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Haque F, Folayan MO, Virtanen JI. Preventive behaviour and attitudes towards early childhood caries amongst mothers of toddlers in Bangladesh. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 83:76-82. [PMID: 38062854 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2291205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to analyse mothers of toddlers' preventive behaviour towards ECC in Bangladesh. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of mothers and their 6-24-month-old children visiting vaccination centres in Trishal, Bangladesh in 2021. A cluster-sampling method was applied to select 10 immunization centres and all mothers who attended the centres with a 6-24-month-old child were recruited. Mothers' preventive behaviour and attitude towards oral health was determined using a reliable instrument. Clinical examinations were conducted to assess the presence of dental plaque on the labial surfaces of the upper central incisors and the ICDASII index criteria were utilized to detect ECC. The associations between preventive behaviours and the plaque score and caries status of the children were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding variables (mother's age and educational status). RESULTS The prevalence of ECC among the children was 25.8%. ECC experience was significantly associated with low educational level (p = 0.02) and older age (p = 0.01) of mothers. Of the mothers, 75.2% reported to brush their teeth twice daily and about half of them (48.8%) cleaned their children's teeth daily; and 5.8% with fluoridated toothpaste. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that caries preventive behaviour of mothers (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI1.41-4.91) and the plaque score of the child (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI7.45-28.9) were significant risk indicators for ECC in the study population. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of ECC was high among the Bangladeshi toddlers and factors such as the mothers' preventive behaviour and presence of plaque were associated with the occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Haque
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morenike O Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland .
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Ayanore MA, Adjuik M, Zuñiga RAA, Amuna P, Ezechi O, Brown B, Uzochukwu B, Aly NM, Quadri MFA, Popoola BO, Ishabiyi AO, Ellakany P, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Lawal FB, Ara E, Khan ATA, Gaffar B, El Tantawi M, Nguyen AL, Foláyan MO. Economic and social determinants of health care utilization during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic among adults in Ghana: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:455. [PMID: 38350910 PMCID: PMC10865527 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic had socioeconomic effects in Africa. This study assessed the social and economic determinants of healthcare utilization during the first wave of COVID-19 among adults in Ghana. METHODS Information about individuals residing in Ghana was derived from a survey conducted across multiple countries, aiming to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and overall well-being of adults aged 18 and above. The dependent variable for the study was healthcare utilization (categorized as low or high). The independent variables were economic (such as financial loss, job loss, diminished wages, investment/retirement setbacks, and non-refunded travel cancellations) and social (including food scarcity, loss of financial support sources, housing instability, challenges affording food, clothing, shelter, electricity, utilities, and increased caregiving responsibilities for partners) determinants of health. A multinomial logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with healthcare utilization after adjusting for confounders (age, gender, access to medical insurance, COVID-19 status, educational background, employment, and marital status of the participants). RESULTS The analysis included 364 responses. Individuals who encountered a loss of financial support (AOR: 9.58; 95% CI: 3.44-26.73; p < 0.001), a decrease or loss of wages (AOR: 7.44, 95% CI: 3.05-18.16, p < 0.001), experienced investment or retirement setbacks (AOR: 10.69, 95% CI: 2.60-43.88, p = 0.001), and expressed concerns about potential food shortages (AOR: 6.85, 95% CI: 2.49-18.84, p < 0.001) exhibited significantly higher odds of low healthcare utilization during the initial phase of the pandemic. Contrastingly, participants facing challenges in paying for basic needs demonstrated lower odds of low healthcare utilization compared to those who found it easy to cover basic expenses (AOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06-0.67, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Economic and social factors were associated with low healthcare utilization in Ghana during the first wave of the pandemic. Investment or retirement loss and financial support loss during the pandemic had the largest effect on healthcare utilization. Further research is needed to understand the connection between concerns about food shortages, welfare losses during pandemics and healthcare utilization during pandemics in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana.
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
| | - Martin Adjuik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Paul Amuna
- Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, United States of America
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Benjamin Uzochukwu
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Texas Tech University and Health Sciences Center, Texas, United States of America
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Sociology, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Government College for Women, Srinagar, Kashmir (J&K), India
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Superior University, Kot Araian, Raiwind Road, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Moréniké Oluwátóyìn Foláyan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ho, Ghana
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Ellakany P, Yousaf MA, Osamika BE, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Lawal FB, Khalid Z, Aly NM, Lusher J, Nguyen AL. Socio-economic factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms among adolescents and young people during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2276. [PMID: 38280913 PMCID: PMC10821943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50333-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the association between sociodemographic factors and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among 18-24-year-olds during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data from 4508 individuals collected through an online survey conducted between June and January 2021. PTSS was measured as a dependent variable using the checklist for post-traumatic stress disorder in civilians. Age, birth sex, sexual, level of education, access to emotional and social support, and emotional distress were the independent variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables while controlling for the country related confounding variables. Females (AOR:2.023), sexual minority individuals (AOR:1.868), those who did not disclose their sexual identify (AOR:1.476), those with poor access to emotional and social support (AOR:4.699) and individuals with no formal education (AOR:13.908), and only primary level education (AOR:4.521) had higher odds of PTSS. The study highlights the multifaceted nature of PTSS during the pandemic and suggests the importance of promoting access of young people, especially females, sexual minority individuals and those with low educational status, to emotional/social support to mitigate the probability of PTSS, especially among sexual minority individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology and Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University London, London, UK
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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Foláyan MO, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Abodunrin O, Sun IG, Duangthip D, Kemoli A, Masumo RM, Vukovic A, Al-Batayneh OB, Mfolo T, Schroth RJ, El Tantawi M. Scoping review on the association between early childhood caries and responsible resource consumption and production: exploring Sustainable Development Goal 12. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:98. [PMID: 38233825 PMCID: PMC10792892 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03831-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG12) promotes patterns that minimize waste and maximize resource utilization. It is therefore plausible that preventing Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and promoting oral health can contribute to sustainable consumption. In addition, sustainable consumption and production can contribute to the control of ECC. This scoping review aimed to explore the possible evidence on the link between ECC and the SDG12 targets. METHODS This scoping review identified articles on the link between resource consumption and production and caries according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were systematically searched in August 2023, using specific search terms. Studies written in English, with full text available, addressing dental caries and linked with waste minimization and resource utilization maximisation, with results that could be extrapolated to ECC in children less than 6 years of age) were included. Descriptive statistics were planned to summarize the categories of retrieved papers. RESULTS The initial search yielded 904 articles, with 863 screened for eligibility after the removal of duplicates. No studies were identified that reported data on an association between responsible consumption and production of resources factors and ECC. CONCLUSION This scoping review did not identify any articles published in English on evidence of the direct associations between ECC and SDG12 targets. However, there is a plausibility of such a link using minimum intervention dentistry for ECC management as a waste prevention and resource utilisation maximization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Arthur Kemoli
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ray M Masumo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Nutrition, Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ana Vukovic
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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7
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Foláyan MO, Amalia R, Kemoli A, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Duangthip D, Sun IG, Virtanen JI, Masumo RM, Vukovic A, Al-Batayneh OB, Gaffar B, Mfolo T, Schroth RJ, El Tantawi M. Scoping review on the link between economic growth, decent work, and early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:77. [PMID: 38218865 PMCID: PMC10787988 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a prevalent chronic non-communicable disease that affects millions of young children globally, with profound implications for their well-being and oral health. This paper explores the associations between ECC and the targets of the Sustainable Development Goal 8 (SDG 8). METHODS The scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. In July 2023, a search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using tailored search terms related to economic growth, decent work sustained economic growth, higher levels of productivity and technological innovation, entrepreneurship, job creation, and efforts to eradicate forced labor, slavery, and human trafficking and ECC all of which are the targets of the SDG8. Only English language publications, and publications that were analytical in design were included. Studies that solely examined ECC prevalence without reference to SDG8 goals were excluded. RESULTS The initial search yielded 761 articles. After removing duplicates and ineligible manuscripts, 84 were screened. However, none of the identified studies provided data on the association between decent work, economic growth-related factors, and ECC. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review found no English publication on the associations between SDG8 and ECC despite the plausibility for this link. This data gap can hinder policymaking and resource allocation for oral health programs. Further research should explore the complex relationship between economic growth, decent work and ECC to provide additional evidence for better policy formulation and ECC control globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morẹ́nikẹ́ Oluwátóyìn Foláyan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Rosa Amalia
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arthur Kemoli
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ray M Masumo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community Health and Nutrition, Tanzania Food and Nutrition Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ana Vukovic
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Folayan MO, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Al-Batayneh OB, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Duangthip D, Sun IGF, Onyejaka NK, Daryanavard H, Mfolo T, Feldens CA, Schroth RJ, Tantawi ME. Correction: A scoping review on the links between sustainable development goal 14 and early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:68. [PMID: 38200471 PMCID: PMC10782552 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, PO Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guo Fang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nneka Kate Onyejaka
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, South Africa
| | - Hamideh Daryanavard
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Carlos A Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana Do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Gouda H, Virtanen JI, El Tantawi M. Dental public health education in Egypt: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:899. [PMID: 38007503 PMCID: PMC10675885 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Dental Public Health (DPH) education prepares future workforce to promote positive oral health behaviors, prevent oral diseases, and monitor disease distribution and trends taking into considerations best practices, needs and available resources. Scarce information is available about dental education in African countries and Egypt has the greatest number of dental schools in Africa. This study assessed the undergraduate DPH education in Egyptian universities including topics taught, methods of teaching, assessment, and the academics' specialties. METHODS A survey targeted 43 Egyptian universities with Bachelor of Dentistry (BDS) programs identified on the website of the Supreme Council of Egyptian Universities in 2022. Thirty-six deans could be reached by post and/ or email. The survey appraised the school profile and capacity, and methods of teaching and assessment in DPH courses in undergraduate dental programs. The survey also inquired who taught DPH courses and what was covered in the courses. Descriptive statistics were displayed. RESULTS We received 21 (58.3%) responses from 36 deans/ senior officials. Of the universities, 52.4% were private and 47.6% were public. Most participants reported that DPH courses in BDS programs were taught by Pediatric Dentistry academics (71.4%) and DPH academics (57.1%) in 3rd, 4th and 5th years of the 5-year BDS programs. Teaching DPH consisted of face-to-face lectures (100%) and seminars (95.2%) and assessment included written exams with close ended questions (95.2%) and open-ended questions (71.4%). Twenty schools reported teaching the definition of DPH, definition of oral health, and determinants of oral diseases. Nine schools addressed the planning of oral health services and five schools taught about remuneration and payment systems. CONCLUSION Teaching and assessment of DPH in Egyptian dental schools use traditional methods with limited active engagement of the students. Variations among the schools exist in the DPH topics covered and most instructors were not primarily specialized in DPH. Development of dental/ oral health services calls for more emphasis on DPH education in the curriculum in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haya Gouda
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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10
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Folayan MO, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Al-Batayneh OB, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Duangthip D, Sun IGF, Onyejaka NK, Daryanavard H, Mfolo T, Feldens CA, Schroth RJ, Tantawi ME. A scoping review on the links between sustainable development goal 14 and early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:881. [PMID: 37980519 PMCID: PMC10657611 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14 addresses life below the waters, an important source of protein and contributor to global food security and economic development. Our aim was to explore possible evidence on the links between life below water and early childhood caries (ECC). METHODS This scoping review identified articles on the link between life below water and caries according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were systematically searched in January 2023, using specific search terms. Studies written in English, with full text available, addressing life under water, focusing on dental caries in humans, with results that can be extrapolated to control ECC in children less than 6 years of age were included in the review. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the retrieved papers and graphical presentation was used for visualization. RESULTS There were 224 publications retrieved of which 13 studies, published between 1960 and 2022, were included in the analysis. The papers originated from Asia (7/13), North America (3/13), Europe (1/13), and 2/13 had multi-country authorship. Also, four laboratory studies extracted agents from marine products to determine their efficacy in preventing caries formation and preventing/slowing plaque formation; four letters discussed the caries prevention potential of sea salt as a source of fluoride; and two review articles about the positive effects of extracted marine products for caries prevention. Most (11/13) studies addressed target 14.1 concerned with enriching the marine environment with nutrients and minerals; two addressed target 14.4 focused on ensuring fish stocks are within biologically sustainable levels; two addressed target 14.7 aimed at increasing the economic benefits through sustainable use of marine resources such as fisheries; and one focused on target 14.5 aimed at conserving marine areas by increasing protected areas. In addition, one ecological study assessed the association between the ecosystem and ECC. CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is little known about the impact of protection of marine and coastal ecosystem from pollution and ocean acidification on the risk of ECC. Further evidence on possible associations between life below water and ECC management is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ola Barakat Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guo Fang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nneka Kate Onyejaka
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, South Africa
| | - Hamideh Daryanavard
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Carlos A Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana Do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Folayan MO, Schroth RJ, Ayouni I, Nguweneza A, Arheiam A, Al-Batayneh OB, Virtanen JI, Gaffar B, Duangthip D, Sun IG, Mohebbi S, Feldens CA, Tantawi ME. A scoping review linking early childhood caries to violence, neglect, internally displaced, migrant and refugee status. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:747. [PMID: 37821894 PMCID: PMC10568772 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the scoping review was to identify and synthesize the available literature concerning the relationship between the status of refugees, migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and Early Childhood Caries (ECC) as it relates to the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16). METHODS Data regarding the links between the status of refugees, migrants, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) and Early Childhood Caries (ECC), and the associations between ECC and maternal and child exposure to physical and sexual abuse, insecurity, crime, exploitation, torture, and displacement were extracted. The search was carried out in January 2023 across three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). Only publications in English with accessible full texts were included. Descriptive statistics were utilized to summarize the categories of the retrieved papers, and graphical representation was employed for visualization purposes. The relationships between the publications and each of the 10 targets of Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16) were also assessed. RESULTS Forty-five studies were reviewed. Most studies (42.2%) originated from the Americas Regions, while no studies were identified from the Africa Region. A significant portion (46.7%) of the papers focused on abuse, violence, and neglect as risk factors for ECC. Migrants, refugees, and IDPs were the most investigated populations (44.4%). Only one study specifically focused on IDPs and migrants respectively. The prevalence of untreated caries was higher among migrants, refugees, and IDPs compared to the host community, ECC was more prevalent among children who experienced abuse, neglect, or were in protective care. The was no clear direction on the associations between ECC and intimate partner violence, adverse childhood experiences, and wars. In terms of the SDGs, the reviewed publications addressed four targets (SDG16.1, SDG16.2, SDG16.3, and SDG16.5) out of the ten targets outlined in SDG 16. CONCLUSION There is available evidence regarding the connections between ECC and war, refugees, migration, violence, and neglect, as outlined in SDG 16. Future studies are needed to investigate how forced movements directly affects ECC status, how disruptions of peace and stability is a risk factor for ECC, and the associations between ECC and other indicators related to SDG 16 targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Imen Ayouni
- Department of pediatrics and child health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arthemon Nguweneza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Preventive Dentistry Department, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simin Mohebbi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Carlos A Feldens
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group, Winnipeg, Canada
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Virtanen JI, Aly NM, Ezechi OC, Lusher J, El Tantawi M, Nguyen AL. Risk indicators for oral ulcers among people living with HIV during the first wave of the pandemic: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:600. [PMID: 37635219 PMCID: PMC10463981 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is currently known about HIV-related parameters that may increase the risk for oral ulcers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to overcome this gap in research by assessing the associations between HIV viral load, antiretroviral adherence profile, co-morbidity status, SARS-CoV-2 infection and oral ulcers among people living with HIV (PLHIV). METHODS This was a secondary analysis of data generated from 21,206 to 18 years and above, recruited from 152 countries through an online survey between July and December 2020. Data were extracted for 874 people who reported living with HIV. The dependent variable was reporting having oral ulcer. The independent variables were the viral load, adherence to antiretroviral treatment and a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The confounding variables were age at last birthday and sex at birth. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for the confounding variables. RESULTS Of the 874 participants, 99 (11.3%) reported having oral ulcers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The odds of PLHIV having oral ulcers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was significantly higher for people who did not know their viral load than those who had undetectable viral load (AOR: 2.036; 95% CI: 1.204-3.443; p = 0.008); and people who did not adhere to the use of antiretroviral treatment than those who adhered (AOR: 4.113; 95% CI: 2.567-6.589; p < 0.001). Also, PLHIV who had SARS-CoV-2 infection had significantly higher odds of having oral ulcers than those who did not have the infection (AOR: 14.556; 95% CI: 4.500-47.078; p < 0.001). PLHIV who had co-morbidities had non-significantly higher odds of having oral ulcers than those without co-morbidities (AOR: 1.170; 95% CI: 0.656-2.085; p = 0.595). CONCLUSION Oral ulcers may be an indicator of poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy and unsuppressed viral load among PLHIV. It may also be an indicator of SARS-CoV-2 infection and a signal to take prompt and critical care of affected individuals because of the risk for severe COVID-19 for these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur., Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver C Ezechi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University London, London, UK
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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13
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Aly NM, Ellakany P, Idigbe IE, Jafer M, Lawal FB, Khalid Z, Lusher J, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Correction: Differences in adoption of COVID-19 pandemic related preventive behaviour by viral load suppression status among people living with HIV during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:182. [PMID: 37608392 PMCID: PMC10464131 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06419-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifeoma E Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Folake B Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genoa, GE, 16132, Italy
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Regent's University, London, UK
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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14
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Sun IG, Duangthip D, Kwok CHK, Chu CH, Crystal YO, Schroth RJ, Feldens CA, Virtanen JI, Al-Batayneh OB, Gaffar B, Mfolo T, El Tantawi M, Mohebbi SZ, Daryanavard H, Folayan MO. A scoping review on the association of early childhood caries and maternal gender inequality. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:525. [PMID: 37495986 PMCID: PMC10369774 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03216-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of this scoping review is to present current evidence regarding the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal-related gender inequality. METHODS Two independent reviewers performed a comprehensive literature search using three databases: EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Literature published in English from 2012 to 2022 was included in the search and was restricted to only primary research by using the following key terms: "dental caries", "tooth decay", "gender", "sex", "preschool", "toddler," and "infant". The included studies were limited to those reporting an association between ECC and maternal aspects related to gender inequality. Titles and abstracts were screened, and irrelevant publications were excluded. The full text of the remaining papers was retrieved and used to perform the review. The critical appraisal of selected studies was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. RESULTS Among 1,103 studies from the three databases, 425 articles were identified based on publication years between 2012 and 2022. After full-text screening, five articles were included in the qualitative analysis for this review. No published study was found regarding a direct association between ECC and maternal gender inequality at the level of individuals. Five included studies reported on the association between ECC and potential maternal-gender-related inequality factors, including the mother's education level (n = 4), employment status (n = 1), and age (n = 1). Regarding the quality of the included studies, out of five, two studies met all JBI criteria, while three partially met the criteria. CONCLUSIONS Based on the findings of this scoping review, evidence demonstrating an association between gender inequality and ECC is currently limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Robert J Schroth
- Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tshepiso Mfolo
- Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Simin Z Mohebbi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Daryanavard
- Dental Service Department, Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Virtanen JI, Ezechi OC, Yousaf MA, Jafer M, Al-Tammemi AB, Ellakany P, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Aly NM, Idigbe I, Lusher J, El Tantawi M, Nguyen AL. A multi-country survey of the socio-demographic factors associated with adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1413. [PMID: 37488570 PMCID: PMC10364426 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health behaviours are influenced by individual characteristics including age, gender, education and economic level. This study aimed to assess the associations between individual-level determinants and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. METHODS We performed secondary analyses of international data collected using an online survey during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between June and December 2020. The dependent variables were self-reported adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures (wearing of face masks, frequent washing/sanitizing of hands, physical distancing, working remotely). The independent variables were age, sex at birth (female vs male), having a chronic disease related elevated risk for severe COVID-19 (none/little, might be at increased risk, at increased risk), educational level completed (no formal education, primary, secondary vs college/university) and employment status (retiree, students, not employed vs employed). Four multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between the dependent variables and independent variables. Interaction terms with country-income level were tested in regressions to explore its moderating effect. RESULTS Out of 16,866 respondents, 12,634 (74.9%) wore masks or face coverings, 12,336 (73.1%) washed or sanitized their hands frequently, 11,464 (68.0%) reported adherence to physical distancing and 5,646 (33.5%) worked remotely. In adjusted analyses, increased age, college/university education, employment, and having risks for severe COVID-19 were associated with significantly higher odds of adhering to COVID-19 preventive measures. Retirees and students had lower odds of adhering to COVID-19 prevention measures than employed individuals. Males had significantly lower odds of wearing face masks (AOR: 0.901), frequent washing/sanitizing hands (AOR: 0.774) and working remotely (AOR: 0.875) compared to females. Country-income level generally moderated the above relationships such that the associations disappeared in lower income countries. CONCLUSION The study findings suggest that the individual socio-demographic factors-age, sex, employment status, education status and having a chronic disease - influence adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures. Findings further reiterate the need for health education and health promotion campaigns on preventive health measures to focus on subpopulations, such as younger males, students and retirees, that require targeted or unique messaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Centre for Social Data Science, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Oliver C Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual Univesity of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dental Public Health Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration, Amman, Jordan
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental SciencesCollege of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology, Governemnt College for Women, MA Road, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London, UK
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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16
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Gaffar B, Bakhurji E, AlKhateeb R, AlHashim H, AlGaoud H, AlDaamah Z, AlSaleh J, Aldamanhori R, AlHamid S, AlBarrak A, Siddiqui IA, Virtanen JI. Exploring factors influencing nurses' attitudes towards their role in dental care. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288927. [PMID: 37471406 PMCID: PMC10358942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of oral disease requires collaboration between health care professionals. Nurses are frequently exposed to patients and can play a vital role in prevention of oral diseases. This study aimed to investigate nurses' attitudes towards their role in dental care and its associated factors. METHODS This cross-sectional, survey-based study recruited a total of 525 nurses in Eastern Saudi Arabia, using a snow-ball sampling technique. Data was collected using an online, pre-validated 40-item questionnaire with four domains (attitudes, knowledge, practices, and demographic data). RESULTS Nurses showed satisfactory attitudes (52.8 ± 8.2) and average knowledge (13.4 ±3.9). More than two thirds (70.3%) reported responding to patients' questions about oral health conditions, 47.1% and 19.7% conducted oral health screening and education respectively. Referral practices were reported by 266 (50.7%) of the participants with pain being the main reason for referrals. Attending lectures/ trainings on oral health and having a formal education about oral health were significantly associated with nurses' positive attitudes towards their role in dental care (P<0.001). Conducting oral health screening or education were also significantly associated with positive attitudes (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Positive attitudes were observed among those with undergraduate oral health backgrounds, in continuous education, and those who were involved in oral health screenings. There is a need for under and postgraduate inclusion of oral health training in nurses' education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Bakhurji
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem AlKhateeb
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain AlHashim
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel AlGaoud
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad AlDaamah
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal AlSaleh
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rand Aldamanhori
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad AlHamid
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud AlBarrak
- College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Intisar Ahmad Siddiqui
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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17
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El Tantawi M, Lam WYH, Giraudeau N, Virtanen JI, Matanhire C, Chifamba T, Sabbah W, Gomaa N, Al-Maweri SA, Uribe SE, Mohebbi SZ, Hasmun N, Guan G, Polonowita A, Khan SB, Pisano M, Ellakany P, Baraka MM, Ali AA, Orellana Centeno JE, Pavlic V, Folayan MO. Teledentistry from research to practice: a tale of nineteen countries. Front Oral Health 2023; 4:1188557. [PMID: 37397348 PMCID: PMC10311964 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1188557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated teledentistry research with great interest reflected in the increasing number of publications. In many countries, teledentistry programs were established although not much is known about the extent of incorporating teledentistry into practice and healthcare systems. This study aimed to report on policies and strategies related to teledentistry practice as well as barriers and facilitators for this implementation in 19 countries. Methods Data were presented per country about information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure, income level, policies for health information system (HIS), eHealth and telemedicine. Researchers were selected based on their previous publications in teledentistry and were invited to report on the situation in their respective countries including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Chile, China, Egypt, Finland, France, Hong Kong SAR, Iran, Italy, Libya, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, United Kingdom, Zimbabwe. Results Ten (52.6%) countries were high income, 11 (57.9%) had eHealth policies, 7 (36.8%) had HIS policies and 5 (26.3%) had telehealth policies. Six (31.6%) countries had policies or strategies for teledentistry and no teledentistry programs were reported in two countries. Teledentistry programs were incorporated into the healthcare systems at national (n = 5), intermediate (provincial) (n = 4) and local (n = 8) levels. These programs were established in three countries, piloted in 5 countries and informal in 9 countries. Conclusion Despite the growth in teledentistry research during the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of teledentistry in daily clinical practice is still limited in most countries. Few countries have instituted teledentistry programs at national level. Laws, funding schemes and training are needed to support the incorporation of teledentistry into healthcare systems to institutionalize the practice of teledentistry. Mapping teledentistry practices in other countries and extending services to under-covered populations increases the benefit of teledentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walter Yu Hang Lam
- Prosthodontics, Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Cleopatra Matanhire
- Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Timothy Chifamba
- Department of Oral Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Wael Sabbah
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Noha Gomaa
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri
- Department of Pre-Clinical Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sergio E. Uribe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Simin Z. Mohebbi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, and Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noren Hasmun
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Guangzhao Guan
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ajith Polonowita
- Department of Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sadika Begum Khan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Massimo Pisano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Mohamed Baraka
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | | | - Verica Pavlic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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18
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Ellakany P, Folayan MO, El Tantawi M, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Aly NM, Ara E, Gaffar B, Ishabiyi AO, Quadri MFA, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Popoola BO, Lusher J, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Associations between depression, fear of COVID-19 infection and students' self-care measures used during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1047. [PMID: 37264389 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15954-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 lockdown resulted in the closure of schools with associated problems. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between depression, fear of contracting COVID-19 infection and the use of self-care measures by college students during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that collected data from undergraduate and postgraduate college students 18 years and older from 152 countries between June and December 2020. Study participants were recruited through crowdsourcing using various social media platforms including Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, WhatsApp groups and emails to participants in the collaborators' networks. The dependent variables were fear of contracting COVID-19 and depression while the independent variable was students' self-care measures. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to assess the associations between the dependent and independent variables. RESULTS Of the 2840 respondents, 1305 (46.0%) had fears of contracting COVID-19 and 599 (21.1%) reported depression. The most common self-care measures were phone calls with friends/family (60.1%) and video chat (52.8%). Learning a new skill was significantly associated with higher odds of fear of contracting COVID-19 (AOR = 1.669) and lower odds of having depression (AOR = 0.684). Talking to friends/family through video chat (AOR = 0.809) was significantly associated with lower odds of feeling depressed while spending time with pets (AOR = 1.470) and taking breaks from the news/social media (AOR = 1.242) were significantly associated with higher odds of feeling depressed. Students from lower middle-income countries (AOR = 0.330) had significantly lower odds of feeling depressed than students from low-income countries. CONCLUSION Self-care strategies involving social interactions were associated with less depression. Coping strategies with more cognitive demands may significantly reduce the risk of fear of COVID-19. Special attention needs to be given to students in low-income countries who have higher odds of depression during the pandemic than students from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Nourhan M Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Cluster University of Srinagar, Moulana Azad Road Srinagar Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Abeedah Tu-Allah Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibdan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Virtanen JI, Ellakany P, Al-Tammemi AB, Quadri MFA, Jafer M, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Aly NM, Idigbe I, Lusher J, Ezechi OC, Nguyen AL, Tantawi ME. A multi-country study of the associations between HIV vulnerability status, perception of COVID-19 related stigma and post-traumatic stress symptoms during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1025. [PMID: 37254073 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15933-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the associations between COVID-19 related stigma and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); and the associations between PTSS and COVID-19 related stigma, HIV status, COVID-19 status and key HIV population status. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of data of 12,355 study participants generated through an online survey that recruited adults from 152 countries between July and December 2020. The dependent variables were COVID-19-related stigma and PTSS. The independent variables were HIV status (positive/negative), transaction sex (yes/no), use of psychoactive drugs (yes/no), and vulnerability status (transaction sex workers, people who use psychoactive drugs, living with HIV, and COVID-19 status). The confounding variables were age, sex at birth (male/female), level of education, sexual minority individuals (yes/no) and country income level. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS There were 835 (6.8%) participants who experienced COVID-19 related stigma during the pandemic and 3,824 (31.0%) participants reported PTSS. Respondents who were living with HIV (AOR: 1.979; 95%CI: 1.522-2.573), tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 3.369; 95%CI: 2.692-4.217), engaged in transactional sex (AOR: 1.428; 95%CI: 1.060-1.922) and used psychoactive drugs (AOR: 1.364; 95%CI: 1.053-1.767) had significantly higher odds of experiencing COVID-19 related stigma. Individuals with vulnerability status (AOR:4.610; 95%CI: 1.590-13.368) and who experienced COVID-19 related stigma (AOR: 2.218; 95%CI: 1.920-2.561) had significantly higher odds of PTSS. CONCLUSION Individuals with vulnerability status may be at increased risk for COVID-19 related stigma. Key and vulnerable populations who were living with HIV and who experienced stigma may be at a higher risk of experiencing PTSS. Populations at risk for PTSS should be routinely screened and provided adequate support when they contract COVID-19 to reduce the risk for poor mental health during COVID-19 outbreaks and during future health crisis with similar magnitude as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala'a B Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Washington, USA
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Dental Public Health Division, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, MA Road, Jizan, J&K, India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Provosts Group, Regent's University London, London, UK
| | - Oliver C Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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20
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Aly NM, Ellakany P, Idigbe IE, Jafer M, Lawal FB, Khalid Z, Lusher J, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Differences in adoption of COVID-19 pandemic related preventive behaviour by viral load suppression status among people living with HIV during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:90. [PMID: 37231488 PMCID: PMC10212221 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and COVID-19 preventive behaviours among people living with HIV during the pandemic has received little attention in the literature. To address this gap in knowledge, the present study assessed the associations between viral load, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and the use of COVID-19 prevention strategies during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data generated through an online survey recruiting participants from 152 countries. Complete data from 680 respondents living with HIV were extracted for this analysis. RESULTS The findings suggest that detectable viral load was associated with lower odds of wearing facemasks (AOR: 0.44; 95% CI:0.28-0.69; p < 0.01) and washing hands as often as recommended (AOR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.42-0.97; p = 0.03). Also, adherence to the use of antiretroviral drugs was associated with lower odds of working remotely (AOR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.38-0.94; p = 0.02). We found a complex relationship between HIV positive status biological parameters and adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures that may be partly explained by risk-taking behaviours. Further studies are needed to understand the reasons for the study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifeoma E Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Folake B Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, GE, 16132, Italy
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Regent's University, London, UK
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Folayan MO, Zuñiga RAA, Virtanen JI, Ezechi OC, Aly NM, Lusher J, Nguyen AL, El Tantawi M. Psychosocial Factors Associated with Memory Complaints during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multi-Country Survey. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020249. [PMID: 36831792 PMCID: PMC9953835 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the associations between psychosocial factors (social isolation, social support, financial support and emotional distress) and memory complaints during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a secondary analysis of data extracted from the dataset of participants recruited from 151 countries for a COVID-19 related mental health and wellness study between June and December 2020. The dependent variable was memory complaint, measured using the Memory Complaint Questionnaire. The independent variables were perception of social isolation, social support, financial support, emotional distress and history of SARS-CoV-19 infection. Confounding variables were age, sex at birth, level of education, employment status, HIV status and country-income level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for the confounders. Of the 14825 participants whose data was extracted, 2460 (16.6%) had memory complaints. Participants who felt socially isolated (AOR: 1.422; 95% CI: 1.286-1.571), emotionally distressed (AOR: 2.042; 95% CI: 1.850-2.253) and with history of SARS-CoV-19 infection (AOR: 1.369; 95% CI: 1.139-1.646) had significantly higher odds of memory complaints. Participants who perceived they had social and financial support had significantly lower odds of memory complaints (AOR: 0.655; 95% CI: 0.571-0.751). Future management of pandemics like the COVID-19 should promote access to social and financial support and reduce the risk of social isolation and emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca 70805, Mexico
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oliver C Ezechi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Joanne Lusher
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London E14 2BE, UK
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, USA
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- MEHEWE Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Provost's Group, Regent's University, London E14 2BE, UK
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22
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Quadri MFA, Lusher J, Folayan MO, Tantawi ME, Zuñiga AA, Brown B, Aly NM, Okeibunor JC, Florencia G, Jafer M, Ara E, Miranda KA, Al-Khanati NM, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Ishabiyi AO, Khan AT, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Nzimande N, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Osamika BE, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL. Factors associated with an increase in tobacco use and alcohol drinking during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study of data from 105 countries. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:14. [PMID: 36741539 PMCID: PMC9881585 DOI: 10.18332/tid/157205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably led to monumental challenges, and alcohol drinking and tobacco use have unlikely been spared. This cross-sectional survey reports on factors associated with an increase in alcohol drinking and tobacco use during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online survey conducted in 2020, generated data from 14899 adults residing in 105 countries. Dependent variables were changes in alcohol drinking and tobacco use. Independent variables were age, sex, education level, job loss, lost or reduced wages, investment/retirement benefits, interrupted substance addiction care, and income level of the countries. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was computed to explore the associations between dependent and independent variables in adjusted models using the backward stepwise method. The probability of including or excluding a covariate was set at p(in)<0.05 and p(out)>0.1, respectively. RESULTS Of the regular alcohol consumers (N=4401), 22.9% reported an increase in their alcohol drinking. Of the regular tobacco users (N=2718), 31% reported an increase in their tobacco use. Job loss (Alcohol: AOR=1.26; Tobacco: AOR=1.32) and lost/reduced wages (Alcohol: AOR=1.52; Tobacco: AOR=1.52) were associated with higher odds of increased alcohol drinking and tobacco use. Many interruptions to addiction care (AOR=1.75) were associated with higher odds of increased alcohol drinking. Whereas no interruption to addiction care was associated with lower odds of increased alcohol drinking (AOR=0.77). Also, none (AOR=0.66) or some (AOR=0.70) interruptions to addiction care were associated with lower odds of increased tobacco use. CONCLUSIONS This global survey alludes to the unintended consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic on alcohol drinking and tobacco use. It is critical that the strategies for emergency responses should include support to ameliorate the impact of financial distress and disruption in substance dependence treatment services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Faeq A. Quadri
- Dental Public Health Division, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia,Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Morenike O. Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Brandon Brown
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, United States
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joseph C. Okeibunor
- World Health Organization - Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | | | - Mohammed Jafer
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Cluster University of Srinagar, Srinagar, India
| | - Kessketlen A. Miranda
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuraldeen M. Al-Khanati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anthonia O. Ishabiyi
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration, United Nations Migration Agency, Amman, Jordan,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abeedha T. Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Folake B. Lawal
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ntombifuthi Nzimande
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anas Shamala
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration, United Nations Migration Agency, Amman, Jordan,Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Muhammad A. Yousaf
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Annie L. Nguyen
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
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23
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Virtanen JI, Ezechi OC, Yousaf MA, Al-Tammemi AB, Jafer M, Ellakany P, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Ishabiyi AO, Gaffar B, Aly NM, Lusher J, El Tantawi M, Nguyen AL. A multi-country survey on access to healthcare and treatment services among individuals with critical medical care needs during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:90. [PMID: 36635677 PMCID: PMC9834675 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare services were significantly interrupted during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the present study was to determine the associations between sociodemographic factors and healthcare access during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with critical care needs. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of the data of 5,156 participants recruited from 152 countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The dependent variables were self-reported difficulty of access to health care, challenges with obtaining medication, and the use of alternative medical services. The independent variables were age at last birthday; sex at birth, level of education, employment status and the macro-social vulnerability status. The confounding variable was the country income level. Three multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between the dependent variables and the independent variables after adjusting for the confounder. RESULTS Difficulty accessing health care services and obtaining medications was experienced by 1922 (37.3%) and 3746 (72.7%) participants respectively. Also, 1433 (27.8%) used alternative medical care. Retirees (AOR:1.59), unemployed (AOR:1.198), people living with HIV (AOR:2.36) and at increased risk of COVID-19 (AOR:2.10), people who used drugs (AOR:1.83) and transacted sex (AOR:1.971) had significantly higher odds for reporting difficulty with access to health care. Males (AOR:1.23), respondents with secondary level of education (AOR:1.39), retirees (AOR:2.19), unemployed (AOR:1.47), people living with HIV (AOR:2.46), people who used drugs (AOR:1.79), transacted sex (AOR:2.71) and those who might be (AOR: 1.66) and were at (AOR: 2.3) increased risk of severe COVID-19 had significantly higher odds for reporting difficulty with access to medications. People who used drugs (AOR:2.093) transacted sex (AOR:1.639), who might be (AOR: 1.211) and were at (AOR: 1.511) increased risk of severe COVID-19, and who had difficulty accessing usual healthcare (AOR: 9.047) and obtaining medications (AOR:2.16) had significantly higher odds of reporting alternative medical care use. People living with HIV (AOR:0.562) had significantly lower odds of using alternative medical care. CONCLUSION We identified populations who had challenges with access to healthcare and obtaining medications used alternative medical care except for people living with HIV. Priority attention should be given to alternative medical care use during future health pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Oliver C. Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.416197.c0000 0001 0247 1197The Centre for Reproductive and Population Health Studies, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.444943.a0000 0004 0609 0887Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411423.10000 0004 0622 534XApplied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan ,Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration (IOM), Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Public Health Division, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, J&K, MA Road Srinagar, Srinagar, India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449729.50000 0004 7707 5975Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, Fred N. Binka School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.255951.fDepartment of Sociology, Florida Atlantic University, Florida, USA
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449469.20000 0004 0516 1006Provost’s Group, Regent’s University London, London, UK
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annie L. Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Karamehmedovic E, Petersen PE, Agdal ML, Virtanen JI. Improving oral health of children in four Balkan countries: A qualitative study among health professionals. Front Oral Health 2023; 3:1068384. [PMID: 36698449 PMCID: PMC9868902 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.1068384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from the WHO show that the oral health situation for children in the Balkan region of Europe is poor. This study aims to identify obstacles that prevent the implementation of an effective oral health program for children in the Balkan area. The study investigates the challenges that people encounter in increasing awareness, attending to dental care, and complying with examinations. Methods This qualitative study targeted experts in preventive dentistry and oral health promotion in four countries in the Balkan region. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants. Data were collected in 2021 using individual in-depth interviews with participants from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia. The study applied the thematic analysis method. Results The experts reported four main challenges that hindered the implementation of a prevention program and regular patient attendance: (1) lack of knowledge, (2) the exclusion of oral health from overall health, (3) organization of services, and (4) skepticism of fluoride. The participants identified knowledge gaps among the general population, dental staff, and other health professionals regarding the prevention of oral diseases. Conclusion The findings of this study may be used to promote and improve oral health among children in the identified areas and to benefit people in the region and elsewhere. This study sheds light on the existing barriers in a region where people lack information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enes Karamehmedovic
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Maren L. Agdal
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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25
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Abstract
AIM This study examines the attitudes and practices of ICU nurses towards the provision of oral care to their patients. OBJECTIVE We conducted this cross-sectional survey about oral health care practices in ICUs in Lithuania. METHODS We used a self-administered 20-item questionnaire to survey the current oral care practices, training, and attitudes of 108 nurses. The questionnaire was based on previous studies to gather information related to the attitudes, oral care practices, and training of ICU nurses. We used the chi-square test to analyze relationships between the categorical variables. RESULTS Most (88, 82%) of the nurses stated that oral care is important. Although most (83, 77%) had adequate training, a clear majority (98, 91%) of the nurses reported a willingness to learn more. Most (78, 72%) of the nurses found the oral cavity difficult to clean, and (71, 66%) found doing so unpleasant. When performing oral care, the nurses used mostly foam swabs (62, 61%) and moisturizers (54, 53%). More than half (57, 57%) of the nurses expressed a need for more hospital support. CONCLUSIONS Nurses working in ICUs reported that oral care is a high priority for their patients, but a difficult and unpleasant task. Nurses provided oral care mainly with toothbrushes, foam swabs, and moisturizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julija Narbutaitė
- Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gertrūda Skirbutytė
- Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland
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26
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Balkaran R, Perry M, Maharaj A, Rajhbeharrysingh A, Virtanen JI. Evaluation of a special needs dental workshop for health professionals and students in Trinidad and Tobago. Front Oral Health 2022; 3:951165. [PMID: 36561727 PMCID: PMC9766665 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.951165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to evaluate a special needs dental workshop for dentists, allied dental health professionals and students in Trinidad and Tobago. Methods This feedback study conducted in 2019-2020, included two surveys, one at the time of the workshop and a second survey one year after it. The first survey utilized an anonymous self-administered questionnaire enquiring about the reason for attendance, profession/education, demographics, and difficulties faced in treating patients with special needs. The follow-up study used an online survey tool assessing the workshop and queried comments/suggestions. The Chi-square test served for statistical analysis. Results Of the 176 attendees 131 participated (response: 74.4%). The majority (81.5%) were females. Most attendees were dental students (50.3%) or dentists (38.9%). Knowledge acquisition (73.1%) and professional development (14.2%) were the main motives for attendance while communication (31.8%) and non-compliance (34.5%) were the main problems faced in treating patients with special needs. The follow-up evaluation (post-workshop) (response: 72.5%) showed that most participants (90.5%) assessed the workshop as positive; 80% reported an increase in their knowledge and 64.2% perceived a need for further education. Conclusion These findings suggest a considerable demand for special needs dental services and continuing education and show that workshops can actively affect patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramaa Balkaran
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago,Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maureen Perry
- Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health, A.T. Still University, Mesa Arizona, United States
| | - Anushka Maharaj
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Amrita Rajhbeharrysingh
- School of Dentistry, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway,Correspondence: Jorma Virtanen
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27
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuniga RA, Abeldaño GF, Quadri MFA, Jafer M, Yousaf MA, Ellakany P, Nzimande N, Ara E, Al-Khanati NM, Khalid Z, Lawal F, Roque M, Lusher J, Popoola BO, Khan ATA, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Virtanen JI, Aly NM, Okeibunor JC, El Tantawi M, Nguyen AL. Is self-reported depression, HIV status, COVID-19 health risk profile and SARS-CoV-2 exposure associated with difficulty in adhering to COVID-19 prevention measures among residents in West Africa? BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2057. [PMID: 36357851 PMCID: PMC9648438 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine whether self-reported depression, coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) health risk profile, HIV status, and SARS-CoV-2 exposure were associated with the use of COVID-19 prevention measures. METHODS This survey collected data electronically between June 29 and December 31, 2020 from a convenient sample of 5050 adults 18 years and above living in 12 West African countries. The dependent variables were: social distancing, working remotely, difficulty obtaining face masks and difficulty washing hands often. The independent variables were self-reported depression, having a health risk for COVID-19 (high, moderate and little/no risk), living with HIV and COVID-19 status (SARS-CoV-2 positive tests, having COVID-19 symptoms but not getting tested, having a close friend who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and knowing someone who died from COVID-19). Four binary logistic regression models were developed to model the associations between the dependent and independent variables, adjusting for socio-demographic variables (age, gender, educational status, employment status and living status). RESULTS There were 2412 (47.8%) male participants and the mean (standard deviation) age was 36.94 (11.47) years. Respondents who reported depression had higher odds of working remotely (AOR: 1.341), and having difficulty obtaining face masks (AOR: 1.923;) and washing hands often (AOR: 1.263). People living with HIV had significantly lower odds of having difficulty washing hands often (AOR: 0.483). Respondents with moderate health risk for COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of social distancing (AOR: 1.144) and those with high health risk had difficulty obtaining face masks (AOR: 1.910). Respondents who had a close friend who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (AOR: 1.132) and knew someone who died of COVID-19 (AOR: 1.094) had significantly higher odds of social distancing. Those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 had significantly lower odds of social distancing (AOR: 0.629) and working remotely (AOR: 0.713). Those who had symptoms of COVID-19 but did not get tested had significantly lower odds of social distancing (AOR: 0.783) but significantly higher odds of working remotely (AOR: 1.277). CONCLUSIONS The study signifies a disparity in the access to and use of COVID-19 preventative measures that is allied to the health and COVID-19 status of residents in West Africa. Present findings point to risk compensation behaviours in explaining this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.416197.c0000 0001 0247 1197Nigeria Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuniga
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur., Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur., Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Division of Dental Public Health, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.444943.a0000 0004 0609 0887Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Passent Ellakany
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ntombifuthi Nzimande
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9008.10000 0001 1016 9625Department of Economic and Human Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szeged, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eshrat Ara
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411678.d0000 0001 0941 7660Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, MA Road Srinagar Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449576.d0000 0004 5895 8692Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Zumama Khalid
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genoa, GE Italy
| | - Folake Lawal
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mark Roque
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.412892.40000 0004 1754 9358Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Joanne Lusher
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449469.20000 0004 0516 1006Regent’s University London, London, UK
| | - Bamidele O. Popoola
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-E-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449729.50000 0004 7707 5975Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,World Health Organisation, AFRO, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
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Folayan MO, Zuniga RAA, Ezechi OC, Brown B, Nguyen AL, Aly NM, Ellakany P, Idigbe IE, Khan ATA, Lawal FB, Jafer M, Gaffar B, Popoola BO, Quadri MFA, Virtanen JI, Lusher J, El Tantawi M. Associations between Emotional Distress, Sleep Changes, Decreased Tooth Brushing Frequency, Self-Reported Oral Ulcers and SARS-Cov-2 Infection during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191811550. [PMID: 36141821 PMCID: PMC9516999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the association between emotional distress, sleep changes, decreased frequency of tooth brushing, and self-reported oral ulcers, and the association between COVID-19 status and decreased frequency of tooth brushing. Using a cross-sectional online survey, data were collected from adults in 152 countries between July and December 2020. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associations between dependent (decreased frequency of tooth brushing, oral ulcers, change in sleep pattern) and independent (tested positive for COVID-19, depression, anxiety, frustration/boredom, loneliness, anger, and grief/feeling of loss) variables after adjusting for confounders (age, sex, level of education, employment status). Of the 14,970 participants data analyzed, 1856 (12.4%) tested positive for COVID-19. Respondents who reported feeling depressed (AoR: 1.375), lonely (AoR: 1.185), angry (AoR: 1.299), and experienced sleep changes (AoR:1.466) had significantly higher odds of decreased tooth brushing frequency. Respondents who felt anxious (AoR: 1.255), angry (AoR: 1.510), grief/sense of loss (AoR: 1.236), and sleep changes (AoR: 1.262) had significantly higher odds of oral ulcers. Respondents who tested positive for COVID-19 had significantly higher odds of decreased tooth brushing frequency (AoR: 1.237) and oral ulcers (AoR: 2.780). These findings highlight that the relationship between emotional distress and oral health may intensify during a pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuniga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Post Graduate School, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca 70805, Mexico
| | - Oliver C. Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos 100001, Nigeria
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92501, USA
| | - Annie L. Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ifeoma E. Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos 100001, Nigeria
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Superior University Lahore, Main Raiwind Road Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Provost’s Group, Regent’s University London, London NW1 4NS, UK
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
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29
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Folayan MO, Abeldaño Zuñiga RA, Virtanen JI, El Tantawi M, Abeldaño GF, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Al-Khanati NM, Quadri MFA, Yousaf MA, Ellakany P, Nzimande N, Ara E, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Popoola BO, Idigbe I, Khan ATA, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Osamika BE, Aly NM, Ndembi N, Nguyen AL. Associations between COVID-19 testing status, non-communicable diseases and HIV status among residents of sub-Saharan Africa during the first wave of the pandemic. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:535. [PMID: 35692050 PMCID: PMC9188915 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study determined if non-communicable disease status, HIV status, COVID-19 status and co-habiting were associated with COVID-19 test status in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Data of 5945 respondents age 18-years-old and above from 31 countries in sub-Saharan Africa collected through an online survey conducted between June and December 2020, were extracted. The dependent variable was COVID-19 status (testing positive for COVID-19 and having symptoms of COVID-19 but not getting tested). The independent variables were non-communicable disease status (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, heart conditions, respiratory conditions, depression), HIV positive status, COVID-19 status (knowing a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 and someone who died from COVID-19) and co-habiting (yes/no). Two binary logistic regression models developed to determine associations between the dependent and independent variables were adjusted for age, sex, employment, sub region and educational status. RESULTS Having a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR:6.747), knowing someone who died from COVID-19 infection (AOR:1.732), and living with other people (AOR:1.512) were significantly associated with higher odds of testing positive for COVID-19 infection, while living with HIV was associated with significantly lower odds of testing positive for COVID-19 infection (AOR:0.284). Also, respondents with respiratory conditions (AOR:2.487), self-reported depression (AOR:1.901), those who had a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 infection (AOR:2.562) and who knew someone who died from COVID-19 infection (AOR:1.811) had significantly higher odds of having symptoms of COVID-19 infection but not getting tested. CONCLUSION Non-communicable diseases seem not to increase the risk for COVID-19 positive test while cohabiting seems to reduce this risk. The likelihood that those who know someone who tested positive to or who died from COVID-19 not getting tested when symptomatic suggests there is poor contact tracing in the region. People with respiratory conditions and depression need support to get tested for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike O. Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527 Egypt
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449576.d0000 0004 5895 8692Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.444943.a0000 0004 0609 0887Department of Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulraman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ntombifuthi Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9008.10000 0001 1016 9625Department of Economic and Social Geography, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Department of Psychology, Government College for Women, Moulana Azad Road, Srinagar, Kashmir (J&K) India
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449469.20000 0004 0516 1006Regent’s University London, London, UK
| | - Bamidele O. Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.416197.c0000 0001 0247 1197Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, 54590 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449729.50000 0004 7707 5975Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XPreventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.259956.40000 0001 2195 6763Department of Psychology, Miami University, Oxford, OH USA
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21527 Egypt
| | - Nicaise Ndembi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.461931.80000 0004 0647 1612Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA USA
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30
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Balkaran R, Esnard T, Perry M, Virtanen JI. Challenges experienced in the dental care of persons with special needs: a qualitative study among health professionals and caregivers. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:116. [PMID: 35397582 PMCID: PMC8994058 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02153-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the challenges experienced in dental health care by professionals and caregivers of persons with special needs in Trinidad and Tobago. This research presented results from the first qualitative study which gained insight into the service component of dental care for people with special needs in this country. Methods This qualitative study was conducted between March and June 2021. Recruitment of participants used both purposive and snowball sampling. A semi-structured interview schedule was used in the interviews of dentists, (a dental assistant), physicians and caregivers of people with special needs. Narrative inquiry was used in data analysis. The transcripts were individually coded and a follow-up peer debriefing session to cross reference responses and increase the validity of the analysis was performed. Results Barriers related to the provision of dental care included readiness of health care professionals, the level of specialized care and the resources required for patient treatment. Caregivers encountered barriers such as cost and lack of accessible dental care for persons with special needs. Possible solutions were education of key stakeholders, policy intervention, advocacy and prevention strategies. Conclusions Caregivers and allied health care professions experience multiple barriers when treating patients with special needs. Study participants indicated a need change in the provision and access of dental services for people with special needs. Education of healthcare professionals, improved social policies and health promotion is warranted.
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31
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Gaffar B, Farooqi FA, Nazir MA, Bakhurji E, Al-Khalifa KS, Alhareky M, Virtanen JI. Oral health-related interdisciplinary practices among healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia: Does integrated care exist? BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:75. [PMID: 35300658 PMCID: PMC8928017 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a bidirectional relation between oral and general health, therefore collaboration between healthcare providers is needed. This study investigated current interdisciplinary practices (IDP) and the associated factors among healthcare professionals in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Eastern Saudi Arabia recruiting four groups of health professionals (nurses, physicians, pediatricians and Ear-Nose and Throat (ENT) specialists). A validated, self-administered questionnaire was distributed online and shared through social media platforms. The questionnaire explored predisposing factors (demographics) and facilitating factors (knowledge, attitudes, attendance of oral health training and source of knowledge) associated with IDP. Results A total of 1398 health professionals were recruited. Participants showed fair oral health knowledge (7.1 ± 2.1) and attitudes (22.2 ± 3). Three-fourths (74.6%) reported always providing oral health education (OHE) to their patients, more than half (59.6%) reported always conducting an oral health screening (OHS), two-thirds (66.7%) reported responding to patients’ questions about oral health or conditions and 58.7% reported referring patients to dentists. Pediatricians and physicians had greater odds of IDP compared to other health professionals. Source of oral health knowledge (Ministry of Health (MOH) and formal education) was significantly associated with increased odds of IDP. Participants with good oral health knowledge had greater odds of responding to patients’ oral health question as well as have more referral practices. Conclusion The results reveal a discrepancy between participants' IDP, knowledge, and attitudes. Incorporating dental component to medical curricula, continuous education and training programs targeting health professionals through Ministry of Health should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balgis Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Costal Street, B.O Box 1982, Dammam, Costal Code 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faraz Ahmed Farooqi
- Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ashraf Nazir
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Costal Street, B.O Box 1982, Dammam, Costal Code 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Bakhurji
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Costal Street, B.O Box 1982, Dammam, Costal Code 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalifa S Al-Khalifa
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Costal Street, B.O Box 1982, Dammam, Costal Code 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhanad Alhareky
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam Costal Street, B.O Box 1982, Dammam, Costal Code 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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32
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Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, Brown B, El Tantawi M, Aly NM, Ezechi OC, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Idigbe I, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Popoola BO, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Zuñiga RAA, Ndembi N, Nkengasong JN, Nguyen AL. Factors Associated With Experiences of Fear, Anxiety, Depression, and Changes in Sleep Pattern During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:779498. [PMID: 35309187 PMCID: PMC8924413 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.779498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple facets of the pandemic can be a source of fear, depression, anxiety and can cause changes in sleep patterns. The aim of this study was to identify health profiles and the COVID-19 pandemic related factors associated with fear, depression, anxiety and changes in sleep pattern in adults in Nigeria. Methods The data for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and well-ness from a convenience sample of adults 18 years and above resident in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Study participants were asked to complete an anonymous, closed-ended online questionnaire that solicited information on sociodemographic profile, health profiles (high, moderate and low COVID-19 infection risk profile) including HIV status, COVID-19 status, and self-reported experiences of fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns. Results In total, 4,439 participants with mean age of 38.3 (±11.6) years responded to the survey. Factors associated with higher odds of having COVID-19 related fear were health risk (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 3.88; 95% CI: 3.22-4.69); having COVID-19 symptoms but not tested (AOR: 1.61; 95% CI: 1.30-1.99); having a friend who tested positive to COVID-19 (AOR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.07-1.53) and knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.24-1.65). The odds of feeling anxious was significantly higher for those with moderate or low health risk profile (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.32-2.04); had a friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.08-1.68) or knew someone who died from COVID-19 (AOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.28-1.84). The odds of feeling depressed was significantly higher for those with health risk profile (p < 0.05); living with HIV (AOR: 2.49; 95% CI: 1.89-3.28); and respondents who had COVID-19 symptoms but had not taken a test (AOR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.02-1.94). Factors associated with higher odds of having sleep pattern changes were having moderate and low health risk profiles (p < 0.05). Conclusion The study findings suggest that the pandemic may cause fear, anxiety, depression and changes in sleep patterns differently for people with different health profile, HIV status and COVID-19 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,*Correspondence: Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
| | | | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, Riverside School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver C. Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Government College for Women, Srinagar, India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Saudi Arabia Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Jazan University, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Director of People and Member of the Provost's Group, Regent's University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Maternity and Childhood Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Migration Health Division, International Organization for Migration (IOM), The UN Migration Agency, Amman, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Nicaise Ndembi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Africa Centres for Disese Control and Preventon, African Union Commission, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - John N. Nkengasong
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Africa Centres for Disese Control and Preventon, African Union Commission, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria,Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, ElTantawi M, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Idigbe I, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Popoola BO, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Zuñiga RAA, Okeibunor JC, Nguyen AL. Correction to: Factors associated with COVID-19 pandemic induced post-traumatic stress symptoms among adults living with and without HIV in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:145. [PMID: 35196999 PMCID: PMC8864585 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-03751-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. .,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria.
| | - Olanrewaju Ibigbami
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Maha ElTantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental public Health, Faculty of Den- tistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Government College for Women, Maulana Azad Road, Srinagar, J&K India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449729.50000 0004 7707 5975Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449576.d0000 0004 5895 8692Department of Oral and Maxil- lofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.416197.c0000 0001 0247 1197Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Department of Preven- tive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedah Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, Uni- versity of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, Uni- versity of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and Univer- sity College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449469.20000 0004 0516 1006Regent’s University London, London, UK
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9008.10000 0001 1016 9625Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.259956.40000 0001 2195 6763Department of Psychology, Miami University Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.412892.40000 0004 1754 9358Department of Maternity & Childhood Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.444917.b0000 0001 2182 316XDepartment of Preventive and Biomedical Science, College of Dentistry, University of Science & Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary ,Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debre- cen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XInstitute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Faculty of Medicine, Univer- sity of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Research Development and Innovations, Assistant Regional Director Cluster, WHO Regional Ofce for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Ellakany P, Zuñiga RAA, El Tantawi M, Brown B, Aly NM, Ezechi O, Uzochukwu B, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL, Folayan MO. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student' sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake: A global survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262617. [PMID: 35089943 PMCID: PMC8797200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The education sector experienced substantial impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting from worldwide restrictions. Purpose To examine differences in the sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake of students and non-students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a global cross-sectional study conducted in the second half of 2020 using multiple social media platforms to recruit study participants globally. A close-ended questionnaire was administered anonymously in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Arabic to adults ages 18 and older. The outcome variables considered in analyses were changes in sleep pattern, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake. The explanatory variable was student status categorized as students vs. non-student. T-test, chi-square, and Mann Whitney U tests were used to assess differences between student and non-student populations. One logistic regression model was built for each outcome variable. Country of residence and country income level were included in the adjusted models. Results There were 17,008 participants of which 3,793 (22.3%) were students. Of the total sample, 4,889 (28.7%) reported changes in sleep, 4,642 (31.8%) reported increases in sexual activity, 10,278 (70.7%) reported increases in screen use, and 5,662 (40.2%) reported increases in food intake during the pandemic. Compared to non-students, students had significantly higher odds of reporting changes in sleep (AOR = 1.52), increases in sexual activity (AOR = 1.79), and increases in screen use (AOR = 1.36) but lower odds of reporting increase in food intake (AOR = 0.87). Conclusion Students displayed higher risk of experiencing changes in sleep, sexual behavior, and screen use during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has the potential to lead to broader adverse effects on students’ overall wellbeing. The findings and implications raise further obligations on the education sector to put extra-curricular support systems in place that address COVID-19 related behavior changes that have the potential to adversely impact students’ wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Uzochukwu
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- University of Nigeria Nsukka, (UNN) Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Government College for Women, Srinagar, Kashmir (J&K), India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Regent’s University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, ElTantawi M, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Idigbe I, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Popoola BO, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Zuñiga RAA, Okeibunor JC, Nguyen AL. Factors associated with COVID-19 pandemic induced post-traumatic stress symptoms among adults living with and without HIV in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:48. [PMID: 35062920 PMCID: PMC8777174 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nigeria is a country with high risk for traumatic incidences, now aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify differences in COVID-19 related post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among people living and not living with HIV; to assess whether PTSS were associated with COVID-19 pandemic-related anger, loneliness, social isolation, and social support; and to determine the association between PTSS and use of COVID-19 prevention strategies. METHODS The data of the 3761 respondents for this analysis was extracted from a cross-sectional online survey that collected information about mental health and wellness from a convenience sample of adults, 18 years and above, in Nigeria from July to December 2020. Information was collected on the study's dependent variable (PTSS), independent variables (self-reported COVID-19, HIV status, use of COVID-19 prevention strategies, perception of social isolation, access to emotional support, feelings of anger and loneliness), and potential confounder (age, sex at birth, employment status). A binary logistic regression model tested the associations between independent and dependent variables. RESULTS Nearly half (47.5%) of the respondents had PTSS. People who had symptoms but were not tested (AOR = 2.20), felt socially isolated (AOR = 1.16), angry (AOR = 2.64), or lonely (AOR = 2.19) had significantly greater odds of reporting PTSS (p < 0.001). People living with HIV (AOR = 0.39), those who wore masks (AOR = 0.62) and those who had emotional support (AOR = 0.63), had lower odds of reporting PTSS (p < .05). CONCLUSION The present study identified some multifaceted relationships between post-traumatic stress, HIV status, facemask use, anger, loneliness, social isolation, and access to emotional support during this protracted COVID-19 pandemic. These findings have implications for the future health of those affected, particularly for individuals living in Nigeria. Public health education should be incorporated in programs targeting prevention and prompt diagnosis and treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder at the community level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. .,Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria.
| | - Olanrewaju Ibigbami
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Maha ElTantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.412997.00000 0001 2294 5433Government College for Women, Maulana Azad Road, Srinagar, J&K India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449729.50000 0004 7707 5975Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411975.f0000 0004 0607 035XDepartment of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449576.d0000 0004 5895 8692Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.416197.c0000 0001 0247 1197Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.16463.360000 0001 0723 4123Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia ,grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedah Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XSchool of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.449469.20000 0004 0516 1006Regent’s University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9008.10000 0001 1016 9625Department of Economic and Social Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.259956.40000 0001 2195 6763Department of Psychology, Miami University Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Bamidele Olubukola Popoola
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.9582.60000 0004 1794 5983Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.411831.e0000 0004 0398 1027Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Division of Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.412892.40000 0004 1754 9358Department of Maternity & Childhood Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.444917.b0000 0001 2182 316XDepartment of Preventive and Biomedical Science, College of Dentistry, University of Science & Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary ,grid.7122.60000 0001 1088 8582Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.11173.350000 0001 0670 519XInstitute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590 Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.463718.f0000 0004 0639 2906Research Development and Innovations, Assistant Regional Director Cluster, WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Ile-Ife, Nigeria ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Family Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, El Tantawi M, Brown B, Aly NM, Ezechi O, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Ellakany P, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Idigbe I, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Zuñiga RAA, Okeibunor JC, Nguyen AL. Factors Associated with Financial Security, Food Security and Quality of Daily Lives of Residents in Nigeria during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:7925. [PMID: 34360217 PMCID: PMC8345729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An online survey was conducted to identify factors associated with financial insecurity, food insecurity and poor quality of daily lives of adults in Nigeria during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The associations between the outcome (experience of financial loss, changes in food intake and impact of the pandemic on daily lives) and the explanatory (age, sex, education level, anxiety, depression, HIV status) variables were determined using logistic regression analysis. Of the 4439 respondents, 2487 (56.0%) were financially insecure, 907 (20.4%) decreased food intake and 4029 (90.8%) had their daily life negatively impacted. Males (AOR:0.84), people who felt depressed (AOR:0.62) and people living with HIV -PLHIV- (AOR:0.70) had significantly lower odds of financial insecurity. Older respondents (AOR:1.01) had significantly higher odds of financial insecurity. Those depressed (AOR:0.62) and PLHIV (AOR:0.55) had significantly lower odds of reporting decreased food intake. Respondents who felt anxious (AOR:0.07), depressed (AOR: 0.48) and who were PLHIV (AOR:0.68) had significantly lower odds of reporting a negative impact of the pandemic on their daily lives. We concluded the study findings may reflect a complex relationship between financial insecurity, food insecurity, poor quality of life, mental health, and socioeconomic status of adults living in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
| | - Olanrewaju Ibigbami
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92501, USA
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21527, Egypt
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Institute for Research on Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca 70805, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Government College for Women, Moulana Azad Road, Srinagar Kashmir, J&K 190001, India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31 Ho, Ghana
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus 36822, Syria
| | - Ifeoma Idigbe
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos 101212, Nigeria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200212, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, London E142BE, UK
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Szeged, H-6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Environment, Management and Social Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan 200255, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Division of Dental Public Health, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Maternity & Childhood Nursing, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah 42223, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Post Graduate School, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca 70800, Mexico
| | - Joseph Chukwudi Okeibunor
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Research Development and Innovations, Assistant Regional Director Cluster, WHO Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville BP 06, Congo
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220282, Nigeria; (O.I.); (M.E.T.); (B.B.); (N.M.A.); (O.E.); (G.F.A.); (E.A.); (M.A.A.); (P.E.); (B.G.); (N.M.A.-K.); (I.I.); (A.O.I.); (M.J.); (A.T.-A.K.); (Z.K.); (F.B.L.); (J.L.); (N.P.N.); (B.E.O.); (M.F.A.Q.); (M.R.); (A.B.A.-T.); (M.A.Y.); (J.I.V.); (R.A.A.Z.); (J.C.O.); (A.L.N.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 91803, USA
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Folayan MO, Tantawi ME, Virtanen JI, Feldens CA, Rashwan M, Kemoli AM, Villena R, Al-Batayneh OB, Amalia R, Gafar B, Mohebbi SZ, Arheiam A, Daryanavard H, Vukovic A, Schroth RJ. Correction to: An ecological study on the association between universal health service coverage index, health expenditures, and early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:278. [PMID: 34039338 PMCID: PMC8157740 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Maher Rashwan
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Arthur M Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rita Villena
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, San Martin de Porres University, Lima, Peru
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rosa Amalia
- Preventive and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Balgis Gafar
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simin Z Mohebbi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | | | - Ana Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, and Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of dental erosive wear among five-year-olds in Bergen, Norway, and to investigate associations between background factors and the condition. METHODS A total of 387 children received a dental examination in five Public Dental Service clinics in Bergen, Norway. The parents responded to items about the children's dental hygiene and drinking habits, type of beverage container, diet, and other habits, and about their own age, educational level and country of origin. We explored background variables for possible associations with the outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear (19.4%, n = 75). Chi-squared statistics and logistic regression (Odds Ratios (OR): 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), served as statistical tools). RESULTS Approximately 80% showed erosive wear (by SEPRS and by adopted diagnostic instrument (78.5% vs 79.8%)). The condition affected maxillary anterior teeth in 13.9% (n = 54), and cuppings in molars in 79.3% (n = 307) of cases. Grinding teeth during the day and/or night (OR: 1.87, CI: 1.07-3.25) and male sex (OR: 1.76, CI: 1.05-2.96) significantly related to outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear, respectively. CONCLUSION Dental erosive wear was widespread. Grinding teeth and male sex associated with outcome status as worst affected by erosive wear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britt Nygard Tvilde
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Athanasia Bletsa
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Anne Marit Graue
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Vestland, Norway
| | - Anne B. Skaare
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Behavioural Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Slåttelid Skeie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Oral Health Services and Research, Mid-Norway (TkMidt), Trondheim, Norway
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Folayan MO, Tantawi ME, Virtanen JI, Feldens CA, Rashwan M, Kemoli AM, Villena R, Al-Batayneh OB, Amalia R, Gaffar B, Mohebbi SZ, Arheiam A, Daryanavard H, Vukovic A, Schroth RJ. An ecological study on the association between universal health service coverage index, health expenditures, and early childhood caries. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:126. [PMID: 33731081 PMCID: PMC7968322 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Universal health care (UHC) may assist families whose children are most prone to early childhood caries (ECC) in accessing dental treatment and prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between UHC, health expenditure and the global prevalence of ECC. Methods Health expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product, UHC service coverage index, and the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC were compared among countries with various income levels using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Three linear regression models were developed, and each was adjusted for the country income level with the prevalence of ECC in 3–5-year-old children being the dependent variable. In model 1, UHC service coverage index was the independent variable whereas in model 2, the independent variable was the health expenditure as percentage of GDP. Model 3 included both independent variables together. Regression coefficients (B), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), P values, and partial eta squared (ƞ2) as measure of effect size were calculated. Results Linear regression including both independent factors revealed that health expenditure as percentage of GDP (P < 0.0001) was significantly associated with the percentage of ECC in 3–5-year-old children while UHC service coverage index was not significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC (P = 0.05). Every 1% increase in GDP allocated to health expenditure was associated with a 3.7% lower percentage of children with ECC (B = − 3.71, 95% CI: − 5.51, − 1.91). UHC service coverage index was not associated with the percentage of children with ECC (B = 0.61, 95% CI: − 0.01, 1.23). The impact of health expenditure on the prevalence of ECC was stronger than that of UHC coverage on the prevalence of ECC (ƞ2 = 0.18 vs. 0.05). Conclusions Higher expenditure on health care may be associated with lower prevalence of ECC and may be a more viable approach to reducing early childhood oral health disparities than UHC alone. The findings suggest that currently, UHC is weakly associated with lower global prevalence of ECC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01500-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Maher Rashwan
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Arthur M Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rita Villena
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, San Martin de Porres University, Lima, Peru
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rosa Amalia
- Preventive and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Preventive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simin Z Mohebbi
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | | | - Ana Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, and Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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Sharifian MJ, Pohjola V, Kunttu K, Virtanen JI. Association between dental fear and eating disorders and Body Mass Index among Finnish university students: a national survey. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:93. [PMID: 33663476 PMCID: PMC7934505 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the association between eating disorders (ED) and dental fear. This study investigated the association between dental fear and EDs through body mass index (BMI), and SCOFF (sick, control, one stone, fat, food) questionnaire among Finnish university students. We hypothesised that dental fear is associated with EDs and BMI. Methods We used the latest data from the Finnish University Student Health Survey 2016. This survey targeted undergraduate Finnish students (n = 10,000) of academic universities and universities of applied sciences. We enquired about e.g. age, gender, height, weight, educational sector and perceived mental well-being. We used the SCOFF questionnaire to assess those at risk for developing EDs. The question ‘Do you feel scared about dental care?’ enquired about dental fear. We used the chi-square test and gender-specific logistic regression to analyse the associations between dental fear, EDs and BMI controlling for age, educational sector and mental well-being. Results In total, 3110 students participated in the study. Overall 7.2% of the students reported high dental fear and 9.2% scored SCOFF positive; more women than men reported high dental fear (11.2% vs. 3.8%, p < 0.001) and scored positive on SCOFF (14.2% vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001). Gender modified the association between dental fear and EDs and BMI. Among females, when controlling for educational sector and BMI, those with positive SCOFF score were more likely to have high dental fear than those with negative SCOFF score (OR = 1.6; CI = 1.0–2.4). After adding perceived mental well-being to the gender-specific regression analyses, overweight and obese males, BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 2.4; CI 1.3–4.4) and females with poor to moderate mental well-being (OR = 2.1; CI 1.4–2.9) were more likely than their counterparts to have high dental fear. Conclusions Among the Finnish university students BMI in males and problems of mental well-being in females were positively associated with high dental fear. The results of this study support possible common vulnerability factors that dental fear and other psychological disorders may share.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jalil Sharifian
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vesa Pohjola
- Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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41
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Antipovienė A, Narbutaitė J, Virtanen JI. Traumatic Dental Injuries, Treatment, and Complications in Children and Adolescents: A Register-Based Study. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:557-562. [PMID: 33535246 PMCID: PMC8382465 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
Traumatic dental injury (TDI) is a common dental concern among children worldwide. We performed a retrospective patient register study among children under 18 years to investigate TDIs with respect to causes, treatment, and complications.
Materials and Methods
We collected information on TDIs from the original patient records of 407 child patients visiting dental clinic of Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania. We analyzed all child patients’ (
n
= 407) background, cause, type of TDI, treatment, complications, and time elapsed from injury to visit to the dentist.
Statistical Analysis
The
χ2
-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests served in the statistical analyses.
Results
A total of 579 TDI cases occurred during 2010 to 2016. Lateral luxation (19.8%) and intrusion (14.8%) occurred more often in the primary than the permanent dentition (
p
< 0.05). The most common cause of TDI was falling (56%). Avulsion occurred in approximately 10% of cases. Follow-up (44.5%) and tooth extraction (48.3%) were the most frequent treatments in the primary and splinting (25.3%) in the permanent teeth. Pulp necrosis was the most frequent complication in primary (92%) and permanent (54%) dentition. About 1% of the patients obtained dental care during the first hour after injury.
Conclusion
The most frequent TDIs included lateral luxation in primary teeth and enamel-dentine fractures in permanent teeth. We observed a delay in patients obtaining emergency dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austė Antipovienė
- Department of Dental and Oral Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Julija Narbutaitė
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Community Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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42
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Bjørkvik J, Henriquez Quintero DP, Vika ME, Nielsen GH, Virtanen JI. Barriers and facilitators for dental care among patients with severe or long-term mental illness. Scand J Caring Sci 2021; 36:27-35. [PMID: 33523487 PMCID: PMC9292278 DOI: 10.1111/scs.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Persons who struggle with severe or long‐term mental illness (SMI) have a higher prevalence of oral health problems than the general population. Obtaining and continuing dental treatment is challenging for this patient group for many reasons, and many drop out of active treatment. Our study aimed to explore perceived barriers to obtaining optimal dental health care for patients with SMI. Further, we sought to identify possible ways to facilitate for providing true access to dental services for this population. Methods The study utilised a flexible qualitative design with data collected during ordinary clinical practice in a public dental clinic in Norway. We conducted semi‐structured face‐to‐face interviews with 51 persons with SMI twice: an initial interview before dental treatment and a final one after dental treatment. We applied the thematic analysis method. Results Thematic analysis revealed two key themes in the participants’ experiences of access to dental health services: practical conditions and relationship with the dentist. Patients reported barriers and facilitators for access to care as factors associated with patients (patient factors), with the dentist (dentist factors) and with healthcare services (system factors). Conclusions Our study indicates that persons with SMI appreciate oral health and want to obtain needed oral care and dental treatment, but they encounter barriers on several fronts. The participants offered suggestions for how to facilitate attendance and adherence. Our findings suggest that dental healthcare services require reorganisation to meet the needs of patients with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jofrid Bjørkvik
- Oral health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Margrethe E Vika
- Oral health Centre of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Pohjola V, Nurkkala M, Virtanen JI. Psychological distress, oral health behaviour and related factors among adolescents: Finnish School Health Promotion Study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:6. [PMID: 33407339 PMCID: PMC7788692 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress may affect health behaviour. We examined how psychological distress, social phobia (SP) and anxiety associated with tooth brushing among Finnish adolescents with respect to gender, school grade, parents' education, family structure, smoking and perceived general health. METHODS This study is part of the Finnish national School Health Promotion Study (SHP). The study population comprised a representative sample of Finnish 15-year-olds (N = 45,877). Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) served to assess SP and anxiety. A questionnaire enquired about the respondents' oral health habits (tooth brushing, smoking), background factors (age, gender, family structure and parents' education) and perceived general health. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression analyses served in the statistical analyses. RESULTS About two-thirds of the girls (66.7%) and less than half of the boys (40.1%) followed the international recommendation of tooth brushing twice daily. Girls reported possible problems with SP and GAD more often than boys did. Those reporting possible problems with SP or moderate or severe anxiety brushed their teeth at least twice daily less often than did those reporting no possible problems with SP and those with no, slight or mild anxiety. Logistic regression analyses showed that male gender (OR = 3.2; 95% CI 3.1-3.4), parents' basic education (OR = 1.5; 95% CI 1.4-1.5), and adolescents' perception of their current state of health as moderate, fairly or very poor (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.5-2.0) associated with not brushing teeth twice daily. Gender-specific logistic regression analyses showed that boys who smoked (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.6-1.8) were less likely than non-smokers to brush their teeth twice daily. CONCLUSION Adolescents with psychological distress, such as possible SP or possible general anxiety, had less favourable oral health behaviour. Psychological distress indicates a greater risk for oral health problems already in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesa Pohjola
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Meri Nurkkala
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. .,Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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Ammar N, Aly NM, Folayan MO, Khader Y, Virtanen JI, Al-Batayneh OB, Mohebbi SZ, Attia S, Howaldt HP, Boettger S, Maharani DA, Rahardjo A, Khan I, Madi M, Rashwan M, Pavlic V, Cicmil S, Choi YH, Joury E, Castillo JL, Noritake K, Shamala A, Galluccio G, Polimeni A, Phantumvanit P, Mancino D, Kim JB, Abdelsalam MM, Arheiam A, Dama MA, Nyan M, Hussein I, Alkeshan MM, Vukovic AP, Iandolo A, Kemoli AM, El Tantawi M. Behavior change due to COVID-19 among dental academics-The theory of planned behavior: Stresses, worries, training, and pandemic severity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239961. [PMID: 32991611 PMCID: PMC7523990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 pandemic led to major life changes. We assessed the psychological impact of COVID-19 on dental academics globally and on changes in their behaviors. METHODS We invited dental academics to complete a cross-sectional, online survey from March to May 2020. The survey was based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The survey collected data on participants' stress levels (using the Impact of Event Scale), attitude (fears, and worries because of COVID-19 extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA), perceived control (resulting from training on public health emergencies), norms (country-level COVID-19 fatality rate), and personal and professional backgrounds. We used multilevel regression models to assess the association between the study outcome variables (frequent handwashing and avoidance of crowded places) and explanatory variables (stress, attitude, perceived control and norms). RESULTS 1862 academics from 28 countries participated in the survey (response rate = 11.3%). Of those, 53.4% were female, 32.9% were <46 years old and 9.9% had severe stress. PCA extracted three main factors: fear of infection, worries because of professional responsibilities, and worries because of restricted mobility. These factors had significant dose-dependent association with stress and were significantly associated with more frequent handwashing by dental academics (B = 0.56, 0.33, and 0.34) and avoiding crowded places (B = 0.55, 0.30, and 0.28). Low country fatality rates were significantly associated with more handwashing (B = -2.82) and avoiding crowded places (B = -6.61). Training on public health emergencies was not significantly associated with behavior change (B = -0.01 and -0.11). CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 had a considerable psychological impact on dental academics. There was a direct, dose-dependent association between change in behaviors and worries but no association between these changes and training on public health emergencies. More change in behaviors was associated with lower country COVID-19 fatality rates. Fears and stresses were associated with greater adoption of preventive measures against the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Ammar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Morenike O Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Simin Z Mohebbi
- Research Center for Caries Prevention, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sameh Attia
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Howaldt
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Boettger
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Diah A Maharani
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Anton Rahardjo
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Marwa Madi
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Rashwan
- Center for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Verica Pavlic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Medical Faculty University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Smiljka Cicmil
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Youn-Hee Choi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Easter Joury
- Centre for Dental Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge L Castillo
- Department of Dentistry for Children and Adolescents, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Kanako Noritake
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry department, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Anas Shamala
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Gabriella Galluccio
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Davide Mancino
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, INSERM UMR_S 1121, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jin-Bom Kim
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Maha M Abdelsalam
- Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arheiam Arheiam
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Mai A Dama
- Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
| | - Myat Nyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Dental Medicine, Mandalay, Myanmar
| | - Iyad Hussein
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad M Alkeshan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ana P Vukovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alfredo Iandolo
- Department of Endodontics, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Arthur M Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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45
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Mustakallio S, Näpänkangas R, Narbutaite J, Virtanen JI. Graduating dentists' perceptions about their professional competence in Finland and Lithuania. Eur J Dent Educ 2020; 24:227-232. [PMID: 31845488 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Efforts to harmonise dental education in Europe have been put into action by the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE). The aim of the study was to explore graduating dentists' perceptions about their professional readiness for clinical work in Finland and Lithuania. MATERIALS AND METHODS The survey targeted fifth-year dental students at the University of Oulu and the University of Turku in Finland, and at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania (Lithuanian and international students) in 2016-2017. The competences were evaluated in the questionnaire in 21 dental procedures based on ADEE competences by options: "I'd manage well," "I'd need more training" or "It would not quite succeed." The option "I'd manage well" was chosen in the analyses. RESULTS Students felt that they were most competent in producing and maintaining accurate patient records (91.9%), implementing sterilisation and hygiene in dental practice (91.3%) and working with other members of dental team and health profession (90.0%). The largest differences between Finnish and Lithuanian students were in designing and adjusting occlusal splints (87.0% vs. 14.3%) and in undertaking subgingival scaling (95.7% vs. 57.1%). The biggest differences between Lithuanian and international students were in identifying (and treating) abnormal and anxiety-related patient (73.1% vs. 25.5%) and implementing tobacco cessation (65.3% vs. 31.9%). CONCLUSIONS The graduating dental students in Finland and Lithuania manage well in most of the clinical procedures based on the ADEE competences. The students were most confident when dealing with tasks that are common in dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakari Mustakallio
- Kallio Public Health Care, Ylivieska, Finland
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ritva Näpänkangas
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Julija Narbutaite
- Clinic for Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Lehtinen AE, Joronen K, Similä T, Rantanen A, Virtanen JI. School Achievement and Oral Health Behaviour Among Adolescents in Finland: A National Survey. Oral Health Prev Dent 2020; 18:125-132. [PMID: 32238983 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.a43349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined oral health behaviour and its association with school achievement among Finnish adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is part of the Finnish national School Health Promotion study (SHP). The study population comprised a representative sample of Finnish 15-year-olds (N = 45,877). A questionnaire inquired about the respondents' school achievements and health habits (toothbrushing, smoking), background factors (age, gender, school type, family structure), and their parents' background factors (education, smoking). Chi-square tests and logistic regression models were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS Better school achievements were associated with better oral health behaviour: 73.1% of students with the highest mean grades (9-10) brushed their teeth twice daily, compared to 33.8% of those with the lowest mean grade (6.9 or less). The lowest mean grade was associated with brushing less than twice daily, especially among boys (odds ratios (OR) = 4.1; 95% CI 3.6-4.7) when compared to those with the highest mean grade, but also among girls (OR = 2.3; 95% CI 2.1-2.7). Smoking among boys was associated with poor oral hygiene (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.2-1.4). CONCLUSION School success is strongly associated with oral health behaviour among adolescents. Preventive treatment should be targeted especially at boys with poor school achievement and smoking behaviour.
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Petrauskienė S, Narbutaitė J, Petrauskienė A, Virtanen JI. Oral health behaviour, attitude towards, and knowledge of dental caries among mothers of 0- to 3-year-old children living in Kaunas, Lithuania. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:215-224. [PMID: 32250563 PMCID: PMC7133724 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the oral health behaviours of mothers with young children and their attitudes towards dental caries. METHODS The survey targeted all mothers with children under 3 years attending a primary healthcare centre (Department of Family Medicine at the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences [LSMU] Hospital) in Kaunas, Lithuania. The Bioethics Centre of the LSMU approved the study (No. BEC-OF-14). Of 176 mothers, 123 (69.9%) took part in the 2016-2017 study. The self-administered questionnaire enquired about mothers' attitudes towards oral health and behaviours related to the potential transmission of oral bacteria to their children, dietary habits, tooth brushing, smoking, and background factors. The chi-squared test and univariate/multivariate logistic regression analyses served for the statistical analysis. (p values ≤ .05 indicated statistically significant differences). RESULTS Most (76; 68.5%) of the mothers brushed their teeth twice daily, and 97 (87.4%) reported themselves as nonsmokers. We found a statistically significant association between mothers who brushed their own teeth twice daily and those who cleaned their children's teeth likewise (OR = 5.42, 95% CI [1.28-6.63]; p = .005). We observed significant associations among mothers who gave their children sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) daily and the mothers' college or lower education (OR = 6.51, 95% CI [1.59-27.19]; p = .01) and maternal tooth brushing less than twice daily (OR = 3.88, 95% CI [0.99-15.18]; p = .05). CONCLUSIONS A majority of mothers who took part in this survey did not brush their children's teeth as recommended. Mothers with a lower education and who brushed their teeth less than twice daily offered their children SSBs more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Petrauskienė
- Clinic for Preventive and Paediatric DentistryLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunasLithuania
| | - Julija Narbutaitė
- Clinic for Preventive and Paediatric DentistryLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunasLithuania
| | - Aušra Petrauskienė
- Department of Preventive MedicineLithuanian University of Health SciencesKaunasLithuania
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Department of Clinical DentistryUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Medical Research CenterOulu University HospitalOuluFinland
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Folayan MO, El Tantawi M, Aly NM, Al-Batayneh OB, Schroth RJ, Castillo JL, Virtanen JI, Gaffar BO, Amalia R, Kemoli A, Vulkovic A, Feldens CA. Association between early childhood caries and poverty in low and middle income countries. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:8. [PMID: 31906944 PMCID: PMC6945445 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between early childhood caries (ECC) in 3–5-year-old children, seven indicators of poverty and the indicator of monetary poverty in low- and middle-income countries (LICs, MICs). Methods This ecologic study utilized 2007 to 2017 country-level data for LICs and MICs. Explanatory variables were seven indicators of poverty namely food, water, sanitation, health, shelter, access to information, education; and monetary poverty. The outcome variable was the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC. A series of univariate general linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between the percentage of 3–5 year-old children with ECC and each of the seven indicators of poverty, and monetary poverty. This was followed by multivariable regression models to determined the combined effect of the seven indicators of poverty, as well as the combined effect of the seven indicators of poverty and monetary poverty. Adjusted R2 measured models’ ability to explain the variation among LICs and MICs in the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC. Results Significantly more people had food, sanitation, shelter, access to information, education and monetary poverty in LICs than in MICs. There was no difference in the prevalence of ECC in 3–5-year-old children between LICs and MICs. The combination of the seven indicators of poverty explained 15% of the variation in the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC compared to 1% explained by monetary poverty. When the seven indicators of poverty and the indicator for monetary poverty were combined, the amount of variation explained by them was 10%. Only two of the poverty indicators had a direct relationship with the percentage of children with ECC; there was a higher percentage of ECC in countries with higher percentage of population living in slums (B = 0.35) and in those countries with higher percentage of the population living below poverty lines (B = 0.19). The other indicators had an inverse relationship. Conclusion The use of multiple indicators to measures of poverty explained greater amount of variation in the percentage of 3–5-year-olds with ECC in LICs and MICs than using only the indicator for monetary poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ola B Al-Batayneh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Robert J Schroth
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, and Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health and Community Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Jorge L Castillo
- Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Balgis O Gaffar
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosa Amalia
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Arthur Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ana Vulkovic
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Carlos A Feldens
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, Brazil
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Pohjola V, Puolakka A, Kunttu K, Virtanen JI. Association between dental fear, physical activity and physical and mental well-being among Finnish university students. Acta Odontol Scand 2020; 78:45-51. [PMID: 31386825 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2019.1649457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between physical and mental well-being and physical activity with dental fear among university students in Finland.Methods: We used the 2016 data from the Finnish student health survey (n = 3090). Perceived physical and mental well-being was ascertained with the questions 'How would you describe your current state of physical well-being?' and 'How would you describe your current state of mental well-being'. Dental fear was inquired with question 'Do you feel scared about dental care?' Associations between physical and mental well-being and dental fear were analyzed with cross tabulations and logistic regression analysis.Results: When controlling for age, gender, educational sector, tobacco and alcohol use, those reporting poor or moderate physical or mental well-being were more likely to have high dental fear than were those reporting good physical or mental well-being.Conclusions: In addition to mental well-being, physical well-being was also associated with dental fear; those with poor or moderate physical well-being were more likely to have dental fear than were those with good physical well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesa Pohjola
- Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti Puolakka
- Unit of Oral Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Fouda SM, Gad MM, Ellakany P, Al-Thobity AM, Al-Harbi FA, Virtanen JI, Raustia A. The effect of nanodiamonds on candida albicans adhesion and surface characteristics of PMMA denture base material - an in vitro study. J Appl Oral Sci 2019; 27:e20180779. [PMID: 31691740 PMCID: PMC6831028 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the main causative pathogen of denture stomatitis, which affects many complete denture patients. Objective: To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of nanodiamonds (NDs) added to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material on Candida albicans adhesion as well as on surface roughness and contact angle. Methodology: Acrylic resin specimens sized 10×10×3 mm3 were prepared and divided into four groups (n=30) according to ND concentration (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% by wt). Surface roughness was measured with a profilometer, and the contact angle with a goniometer. The effect of NDs on Candida albicans adhesion was evaluated using two methods: 1) slide count and 2) direct culture test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test were used in the statistical analyses. Results: Addition of NDs decreased the Candida albicans count significantly more than in the control group (p<0.05), with a lowest of 1% NDs. Addition of NDs also significantly decreased the surface roughness (p<0.05), but the contact angle remained the same. Incorporation of NDs into the PMMA denture base material effectively reduced Candida albicans adhesion and decreased surface roughness. Conclusion: PMMA/NDs composites could be valuable in the prevention of denture stomatitis, which is considered one of the most common clinical problems among removable denture wearers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa M Fouda
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Gad
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Passent Ellakany
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M Al-Thobity
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Harbi
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aune Raustia
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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