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Sharifi R, Vatani A, Sabzi A, Safaei M. A narrative review on application of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in endodontics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34673. [PMID: 39145007 PMCID: PMC11320137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The distinct physicochemical and biological characteristics of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles have attracted considerable interest in various branches of dentistry as potential solutions to the problems associated with conventional dental treatments and to promote human health. Many scientists have been interested in nanoparticles for endodontic applications in the last several decades. Endodontic treatment is more likely to be successful when metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are used. Endodontic therapies often make use of nanoparticles made of metals and metal oxides. The effect of nano metals and metal oxide in endodontic treatments has not been published or is not widely available in the literature. Therefore, this paper aims to review recent studies on the development and application of some important metal and metal oxide nanoparticles such as silver and silver oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide and other metal oxide nanoparticles in endodontic therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roohollah Sharifi
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vatani
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Sabzi
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Safaei
- Advanced Dental Sciences and Technology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Afkhami F, Chen Y, Walsh LJ, Peters OA, Xu C. Application of Nanomaterials in Endodontics. BME FRONTIERS 2024; 5:0043. [PMID: 38711803 PMCID: PMC11070857 DOI: 10.34133/bmef.0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced a myriad of potential applications in dentistry, with nanomaterials playing an increasing role in endodontics. These nanomaterials exhibit distinctive mechanical and chemical properties, rendering them suitable for various dental applications in endodontics, including obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, and root-repair materials. Certain nanomaterials demonstrate versatile functionalities in endodontics, such as antimicrobial properties that bolster the eradication of bacteria within root canals during endodontic procedures. Moreover, they offer promise in drug delivery, facilitating targeted and controlled release of therapeutic agents to enhance tissue regeneration and repair, which can be used for endodontic tissue repair or regeneration. This review outlines the diverse applications of nanomaterials in endodontics, encompassing endodontic medicaments, irrigants, obturating materials, sealers, retro-filling agents, root-repair materials, as well as pulpal repair and regeneration. The integration of nanomaterials into endodontics stands poised to revolutionize treatment methodologies, presenting substantial potential advancements in the field. Our review aims to provide guidance for the effective translation of nanotechnologies into endodontic practice, serving as an invaluable resource for researchers, clinicians, and professionals in the fields of materials science and dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Afkhami
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Yuan Chen
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Laurence J. Walsh
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Ove A. Peters
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry,
The University of Queensland, Brisbane,QLD4006, Australia
- Sydney Dental School, Faculty of Medicine and Health,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre,
The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Ito R, Watanabe S, Kouno A, Yamauchi S, Okiji T. Heat-Induced Changes in the Physical Properties of a New Premixed Calcium Silicate-Containing Root Canal Sealer: An In Vitro Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:106. [PMID: 38668018 PMCID: PMC11048785 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine how heating affects the physical properties of a newly developed premixed calcium silicate-containing sealer (AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer; AHB), in comparison with EndoSequence BC Sealer (ES), AH Plus Jet (AH), and Pulp Canal Sealer. The setting time, flow, and film thickness were tested with or without heating at 100 °C for 30 or 60 s, in accordance with ISO6876:2012 standards. Ultrastructural and elemental analyses were performed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a Tukey post hoc test (α = 0.05). All sealers exhibited significantly shorter setting time and flow after heating at 100 °C for 30 and 60 s (p < 0.05). After heating, AHB showed a significantly higher film thickness compared to that of the other materials (p < 0.05). None of the tested properties of heat-applied AHB and ES met ISO standards, except the setting time in ES. The SEM/EDS results for AHB and ES were not affected by heating. The detected changes in physical properties can negatively impact the performance of premixed calcium silicate-containing sealers, particularly AHB, when warm vertical compaction is employed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (R.I.); (A.K.); (S.Y.); (T.O.)
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Alnazeh AA, Kamran MA, Almoammar S, Al Jearah MM, Qasim M, Alshahrani I. Visible light-activated curcumin-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles integrated into orthodontic adhesive on Micro-tensile bond strength, degree of conversion, and antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus Aureus. An investigation using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 253:112888. [PMID: 38471422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM To acquire a thorough comprehension of the photoactivated Cur-doped ZnONPs at different concentrations 0%, 2.5%, and 5% on the physical qualities, antibacterial efficacy, degree of conversion, and μshear bond strength between orthodontic brackets and the enamel surface. MATERIAL AND METHODS An extensive investigation was carried out utilizing a range of analytical methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, micro tensile bond strength (μTBS) testing, and evaluation of antibacterial effectiveness. Cur-doped ZnONPs at concentrations of 2.5% and 5% were blended with Transbond XT, a light-curable orthodontic adhesive. A control group without the addition of Cur-doped ZnONPs was also prepared. The tooth samples were categorized into three groups based on the weight percentage of NPs: Group 1 (control) with 0% Cur-doped ZnONPs, Group 2 with 2.5 wt% Cur-doped ZnONPs, and Group 3 with 5 wt% Cur-doped ZnONPs. The SEM technique was employed to analyze the morphological characteristics of Cur-doped ZnONPs and ZnONPs. The composition and elemental distribution of the modified Cur-doped ZnONPs were assessed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The effectiveness of NPs at various concentrations against S.Mutans was gauged through the pour plate method. DC of Cur-doped ZnONPs at a region of 1608 cm-1 to 1636 cm-1 for the cured area, whereas the uncured area spanned the same range of 1608 cm-1 to 1636 cm-1 was assessed. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) approach was utilized to investigate the bond failure of orthodontic brackets, while a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was utilized to test μTBS. The Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to investigate variations in S.mutans survival rates. To determine the μTBS values, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post hoc Tukey multiple comparisons test were used. RESULTS The maximum μTBS was given and documented in group 3: 5 wt% Cur-doped ZnONPs (21.21 ± 1.53 MPa). The lowest μTBS was given in group 2: 2.5 wt% Cur-doped ZnONPs (19.58 ± 1.27 MPa). The highest efficacy against S.mutans was documented in group 3 in which 5 wt% Cur-doped ZnONPs (0.39 ± 0.15). The lowest efficacy was seen in group 1 in which no Cur-doped ZnONPs were used (6.47 ± 1.23). The ARI analysis indicated that the predominant failure was between scores 0 and 1 among all experimental groups. Control group 1 which was not modified showed the highest DC (73.11 ± 4.19). CONCLUSION Orthodontic adhesive, containing 5% Cur-doped ZnONPs photoactivated with visible light exhibited a favorable impact on μTBS and indicated enhanced antibacterial efficacy against S.mutans. Nevertheless, it was observed that the addition of Cur-doped ZnONPs at different concentrations (2.5%,5%) resulted in a decrease in the monomer-to-polymer ratio compromising DC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah A Alnazeh
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Abdullah Kamran
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salem Almoammar
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Alshahrani
- Department of Pedodontics and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Naguib G, Maghrabi AA, Mira AI, Mously HA, Hajjaj M, Hamed MT. Influence of inorganic nanoparticles on dental materials' mechanical properties. A narrative review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:897. [PMID: 37990196 PMCID: PMC10662115 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic nanoparticles have been widely incorporated in conventional dental materials to help in improving their properties. The literature has shown that incorporating nanoparticles in dental materials in different specialties could have a positive effect on reinforcing the mechanical properties of those materials; however, there was no consensus on the effectiveness of using nanoparticles in enhancing the mechanical properties of dental materials, due to the variety of the properties of nanoparticles itself and their effect on the mechanical properties. This article attempted to analytically review all the studies that assessed the effect of different types of inorganic nanoparticles on the most commonly used dental materials in dental specialties such as polymethyl methacrylate, glass ionomer cement, resin composite, resin adhesive, orthodontic adhesive, and endodontic sealer. The results had shown that those inorganic nanoparticles demonstrated positive potential in improving those mechanical properties in most of the dental materials studied. That potential was attributed to the ultra-small sizes and unique physical and chemical qualities that those inorganic nanoparticles possess, together with the significant surface area to volume ratio. It was concluded from this comprehensive analysis that while a definitive recommendation cannot be provided due to the variety of nanoparticle types, shapes, and incorporated dental material, the consensus suggests using nanoparticles in low concentrations less than 1% by weight along with a silane coupling agent to minimize agglomeration issues and benefit from their properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Naguib
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Oral Biology, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | - Abdulghani I Mira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A Mously
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Hajjaj
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T Hamed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Cairo University School of Dentistry, Cairo, Egypt
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Katakidis A, Kodonas K, Fardi A, Gogos C. A scientometric, bibliometric, and thematic map analysis of hydraulic calcium silicate root canal sealers. Restor Dent Endod 2023; 48:e41. [PMID: 38053781 PMCID: PMC10695731 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2023.48.e41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This scientometric and bibliometric analysis explored scientific publications related to hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) sealers used in endodontology, aiming to describe basic bibliometric indicators and analyze current research trends. Materials and Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Scopus using specific HCSB sealer and general endodontic-related terms. Basic research parameters were collected, including publication year, authorship, countries, institutions, journals, level of evidence, study design and topic of interest, title terms, author keywords, citation counts, and density. Results In total, 498 articles published in 136 journals were retrieved for the period 2008-2023. Brazil was the leading country, and the universities of Bologna in Italy and Sao Paolo in Brazil were represented equally as leading institutions. The most frequently occurring keywords were "calcium silicate," "root canal sealer MTA-Fillapex," and "biocompatibility," while title terms such as "calcium," "sealers," "root," "canal," "silicate based," and "endodontic" occurred most often. According to the thematic map analysis, "solubility" appeared as a basic theme of concentrated research interest, and "single-cone technique" was identified as an emerging, inadequately developed theme. The co-occurrence analysis revealed 4 major clusters centered on sealers' biological and physicochemical properties, obturation techniques, retreatability, and adhesion. Conclusions This analysis presents bibliographic features and outlines changing trends in HCSB sealer research. The research output is dominated by basic science articles scrutinizing the biological and specific physicochemical properties of commonly used HCSB sealers. Future research needs to be guided by studies with a high level of evidence that utilize innovative, sophisticated technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Katakidis
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kodonas
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Fardi
- Department of Dentoalveolar Surgery, Surgical Implantology & Radiology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Alberdi Koki J, Martin G, Risso L, Kaplan A. "Effect of Heat Generated by Endodontic Obturation Techniques on Bond Strength of Bioceramic Sealers to Dentine". J Endod 2023; 49:1565-1569. [PMID: 37678751 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gutta-percha combined with an endodontic sealer remains the most widely used obturation technique. Bioceramic sealers (BS) were developed for root canal obturation in combination with gutta-percha cones using the cold single-cone technique. Few studies have assessed the effect of thermal treatment on the performance of BS. The present study evaluated the effect of heat on BS adhesion to root dentine in the apical third of the root canal of extracted human lower premolars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three BS combined with a hydraulic condensation technique, a warm vertical compaction technique, and a carrier-based technique were evaluated. Sixty three lower premolars were prepared following the same surgical protocol to standardize root canal shape at the level of the apex, randomly assigned to one of nine groups, and obturated accordingly. One millimeter-thick sections were subjected to a push-out test using a universal testing machine and classified according to mode of failure. Two-way ANOVA was applied using SPSS software (IBM Corp). RESULTS No significant differences in maximum load or failure mode were observed among BS, techniques, or when considering the interaction between sealers and techniques. CONCLUSIONS The heat generated by the obturation techniques used here did not affect BS adhesion to the dentinal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alberdi Koki
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Argentina; Círculo Odontológico de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela Martin
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Argentina; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Andrea Kaplan
- Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ahmed H, Ratnayake J, Cathro P, Chandler N. The effect of an additional application of sealer prior to backfilling in the Continuous Wave of Condensation technique. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:344-350. [PMID: 35834235 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An additional sealer application was investigated prior to backfilling with the Continuous Wave of Condensation (CWC). 105 Palatal roots were sectioned and prepared to a file size 40, 0.06 taper with Vortex Blue® files. Groups A, B and C had a single sealer application before while groups D, E and F, received a second application of dyed sealer prior to backfilling. Roots were sectioned at 2,3,4,6,7 and 8 mm from the root apex. The percentage of sealer and dentinal tubular penetration depth was calculated at each level. At each ascending level, the sealer percentage decreased for each experimental group while the number of outer third penetration depths increased when all groups were combined. An additional sealer application prior to backfilling had minimal effect on the percentage of sealer or outer third penetration depths and can be considered a clinical preference rather than an imperative step with the CWC technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humza Ahmed
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jithendra Ratnayake
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Otago School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter Cathro
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Oral Sciences, University of Otago School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nick Chandler
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Jasrasaria N, Tikku AP, Bharti R. Analysis of porosity, sealer dissolution and apical extrusion of endodontic sealers: A micro computed tomography study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:495-499. [PMID: 37293581 PMCID: PMC10244689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was to determine the porosity, dissolution and apical extrusion of AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and EndoSequence BC sealer after immersion in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Methodology Forty-eight single-rooted teeth were selected. Gutta percha and one of the aforementioned root canal sealers was used for obturation using continuous wave technique. The specimens were scanned after obturation and after seven days of immersion in PBS, by using micro-computed tomography. Porosity, sealer dissolution and apical extrusion were calculated. Statistical analysis was done by using paired t-test, post hoc tukey test and Fischer exact test. Results Significantly higher percentage of porosity and dissolution of sealer in the apical 4 mm was found for MTA Fillapex and EndoSequence BC sealer than for AH Plus. The incidence of apical extrusion was significantly more in MTA Fillapex (56.25%), followed by EndoSequence BC (31.25%) and AH Plus (0%). Conclusions None of the three root canal sealers exhibited perfect three-dimensional obturation. The sealers manifested porosity, dissolution and apical extrusion to varying degrees both after obturation and after storage in PBS for 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jasrasaria
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Aseem P. Tikku
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ramesh Bharti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Jang YJ, Kim YJ, Vu HT, Park JH, Shin SJ, Dashnyam K, Knowles JC, Lee HH, Jun SK, Han MR, Lee JH, Kim JS, Kim JB, Lee JH, Shin JS. Physicochemical, Biological, and Antibacterial Properties of Four Bioactive Calcium Silicate-Based Cements. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1701. [PMID: 37376149 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) is a pharmaceutical agent that is widely used in dentistry. This bioactive material is used for vital pulp treatment due to its excellent biocompatibility, sealing ability, and antibacterial activity. Its drawbacks include a long setting time and poor maneuverability. Hence, the clinical properties of CSC have recently been improved to decrease its setting time. Despite the widespread clinical usage of CSC, there is no research comparing recently developed CSCs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the physicochemical, biological, and antibacterial properties of four commercial CSCs: two powder-liquid mix types (RetroMTA® [RETM]; Endocem® MTA Zr [ECZR]) and two premixed types (Well-Root™ PT [WRPT]; Endocem® MTA premixed [ECPR]). Each sample was prepared using circular Teflon molds, and tests were conducted after 24 h of setting. The premixed CSCs exhibited a more uniform and less rough surface, higher flowability, and lower film thickness than the powder-liquid mix CSCs. In the pH test, all CSCs showed values between 11.5 and 12.5. In the biological test, cells exposed to ECZR at a concentration of 25% showed greater cell viability, but none of the samples showed a significant difference at low concentration (p > 0.05). Alkaline phosphatase staining revealed that cells exposed to ECZR underwent more odontoblast differentiation than the cells exposed to the other materials; however, no significant difference was observed at a concentration of 12.5% (p > 0.05). In the antibacterial test, the premixed CSCs showed better results than the powder-liquid mix CSCs, and ECPR yielded the best results, followed by WRPT. In conclusion, the premixed CSCs showed improved physical properties, and of the premixed types, ECPR exhibited the highest antibacterial properties. For biological properties, none of these materials showed significant differences at 12.5% dilution. Therefore, ECPR may be a promising material with high antibacterial activity among the four CSCs, but further investigation is needed for clinical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ji Jang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Huong Thu Vu
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Shin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Khandmaa Dashnyam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Drug Research Institute, Mongolian Pharmaceutical University & Monos Group, Ulaanbaatar 14250, Mongolia
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Hanseo University, 46 Hanseo 1ro, Seosan 31962, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Jun
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Han
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Haeng Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Shin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandaero, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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11
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Janini ACP, Pelepenko LE, Boldieri JM, dos Santos VAB, da Silva NA, Raimundo IM, Gomes BPFA, Marciano MA. Biocompatibility analysis in subcutaneous tissue and physico-chemical analysis of pre-mixed calcium silicate–based sealers. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:2221-2234. [PMID: 36977761 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the biocompatibility, physical and chemical properties of three pre-mixed calcium silicate-based sealers and an epoxy resin-based material were assessed. Pre-mixed sealers supposedly obtain water from the root canal moist to hydrate and set. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polyethylene tubes were filled with the materials Bio-C Sealer Ion+, Bio-C Sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus Jet, or left empty and surgically implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of Wistar rats. The animals were euthanised and the tubes and tissue were removed for histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). Materials' surface chemical characterisation was assessed using Raman spectroscopy and SEM/EDS. Flow, setting time (in two conditions), solubility, radiopacity and pH were also analysed. ANOVA and Bonferroni correction were performed for comparisons (P < 0.05). RESULTS Inflammatory response observed in the tissues subsided from 7 to 30 days. Tungsten migration could be detected in the surrounding tissue following AH Plus Jet implantation. All calcium silicate-based sealers exhibited zirconium oxide (radiopacifier) and tricalcium silicate peaks before and after implantation. All materials exhibited flow values above 17 mm. An approximately tenfold difference was observed between the plaster- and metal-mould setting times of the calcium silicate cements indicating its sensitivity to moist variations and solubility above 8% was also observed for these materials. CONCLUSIONS Pre-mixed materials exhibited variable setting time and solubility with a decreasing inflammatory response. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The variable moist-dependant setting time with high solubility poses a concern for the clinical use of these pre-mixed sealers.
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12
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Clinical Outcome of Non-Surgical Root Canal Treatment Using a Matched Single-cone Obturation Technique with a calcium hydroxide-based sealer: A Retrospective Analysis. J Endod 2022; 48:1486-1492. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Hydration Characterization of Two Generations of MTA-Based Root Canal Sealers. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12073517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the setting characterization of a root canal sealer has an impact on its biological behavior of final obturation, this study evaluated the setting characterization of mineral trioxide aggregate MTA-Fillapex versus MTA-Bioseal compared with epoxy resin (Adseal) root canal sealers. Freshly mixed sealer was inserted into the mold (n = 10). The initial and final setting times were evaluated using a Vicat needle and were then statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA at p < 0.05. The raw pastes and the stages of the setting reaction were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. The phase compositions were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). A significant and fast setting time was recorded by Adseal (4.7 ± 0.46 h) followed by MTA-Bioseal (11.4 ± 1.34 h) at p < 0.001. The MTA-Fillapex did not set completely in three months. The FTIR and XRD of both MTA-Bioseal and Adseal detected bands of the polymerized phases, while those of MTA-Fillapex detected partial polymerization with a low percentage of polymerized silica. MTA-Bioseal and Adseal met the ISO standards for setting times. However, MTA-Fillapex did not fulfill the ideal requirement for the sealer. Although the raw pastes of both MTA-sealers had nearly similar compositions, they behaved differently during the hydration reaction. MTA-Bioseal set completely, while MTA-Fillapex was not completely set.
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14
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Safavi MS, Walsh FC, Visai L, Khalil-Allafi J. Progress in Niobium Oxide-Containing Coatings for Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9088-9107. [PMID: 35356687 PMCID: PMC8944537 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Typically, pure niobium oxide coatings are deposited on metallic substrates, such as commercially pure Ti, Ti6Al4 V alloys, stainless steels, niobium, TiNb alloy, and Mg alloys using techniques such as sputter deposition, sol-gel deposition, anodizing, and wet plasma electrolytic oxidation. The relative advantages and limitations of these coating techniques are considered, with particular emphasis on biomedical applications. The properties of a wide range of pure and modified niobium oxide coatings are illustrated, including their thickness, morphology, microstructure, elemental composition, phase composition, surface roughness and hardness. The corrosion resistance, tribological characteristics and cell viability/proliferation of the coatings are illustrated using data from electrochemical, wear resistance and biological cell culture measurements. Critical R&D needs for the development of improved future niobium oxide coatings, in the laboratory and in practice, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Saman Safavi
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, 513351996 Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular
Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR
INSTM, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - F. C. Walsh
- Electrochemical
Engineering Laboratory & National Centre for Advanced Tribology,
Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Livia Visai
- Molecular
Medicine Department (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR
INSTM, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Medicina
Clinica-Specialistica, UOR5 Laboratorio di Nanotecnologie, ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Jafar Khalil-Allafi
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, 513351996 Tabriz, Iran
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15
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The Effect of Sealer Application Methods on Voids Volume after Aging of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study. Tomography 2022; 8:778-788. [PMID: 35314641 PMCID: PMC8938853 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During obturation, air voids are undesirable as they may provide shelter for microorganisms or passage for fluids. This study aimed to compare the occurrence of voids between three calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBSs) (MTA-Fillapex, BioRoot-RCS, Bio-C) and the change in their volume after aging. In addition, we aimed to compare voids when using two sealer application methods: lentulo-spiral (LS) and gutta-percha (GP) cone. Thirty extracted mandibular premolars (n = 30) were endodontically prepared and obturated using single GP cone (SGPC) technique. Each sealer was applied to 10 teeth (n = 10) using LS or GP. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to quantify the volume of root filling and voids before and after 8-week storage in a phosphate-rich medium. The percentage of root filling and voids were compared between the groups using a Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test with a Bonferroni correction. Before aging, the percentages of root filling volume after obturation were comparable with no significant differences between sealers (p = 0.325) or application methods (p = 0.950). After aging, the voids’ volume increased significantly in all sealers (p ≤ 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between sealers (p = 0.302). In conclusion, voids in CSBSs may not reduce in size with aging; hence, SGPC should be carefully selected for suitable cases.
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Beketova A, Theocharidou A, Tsamesidis I, Rigos AE, Pouroutzidou GK, Tzanakakis EGC, Kourtidou D, Liverani L, Ospina MA, Anastasiou A, Tzoutzas IG, Kontonasaki E. Sol-Gel Synthesis and Characterization of YSZ Nanofillers for Dental Cements at Different Temperatures. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9110128. [PMID: 34821592 PMCID: PMC8619532 DOI: 10.3390/dj9110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yttria-stabilized zirconia nanoparticles can be applied as fillers to improve the mechanical and antibacterial properties of luting cement. The aim of this study was to synthesize yttria-stabilized zirconia nanoparticles by the sol-gel method and to investigate their composition, structure, morphology and biological properties. METHODS Nanopowders of ZrO2 7 wt% Y2O3 (nY-ZrO) were synthesized by the sol-gel method and were sintered at three different temperatures: 800, 1000 and 1200 °C, and their composition, size and morphology were investigated. The biocompatibility was investigated with human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs), while reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was evaluated through fluorescence analysis. RESULTS All synthesized materials were composed of tetragonal zirconia, while nanopowders sintered at 800 °C and 1000 °C additionally contained 5 and 20 wt% of the cubic phase. By increasing the calcination temperature, the crystalline size of the nanoparticles increased from 12.1 nm for nY-ZrO800 to 47.2 nm for nY-ZrO1200. Nano-sized particles with good dispersion and low agglomeration were received. Cell culture studies with human gingival fibroblasts verified the nanopowders' biocompatibility and their ROS scavenging activity. CONCLUSIONS the obtained sol-gel derived nanopowders showed suitable properties to be potentially used as nanofillers for dental luting cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Beketova
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.E.R.)
| | - Anna Theocharidou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.E.R.)
| | - Ioannis Tsamesidis
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.E.R.)
| | - Athanasios E. Rigos
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.E.R.)
| | - Georgia K. Pouroutzidou
- School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.P.); (D.K.)
| | | | - Dimitra Kourtidou
- School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (G.K.P.); (D.K.)
| | - Liliana Liverani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Marcela Arango Ospina
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; (L.L.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Antonios Anastasiou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13AL, UK;
| | - Ioannis G. Tzoutzas
- School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University, 10679 Athens, Greece; (E.-G.C.T.); (I.G.T.)
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.B.); (A.T.); (I.T.); (A.E.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2310-999517
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17
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Abu Zeid S, Edrees HY, Mokeem Saleh AA, Alothmani OS. Physicochemical Properties of Two Generations of MTA-Based Root Canal Sealers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14205911. [PMID: 34683503 PMCID: PMC8538924 DOI: 10.3390/ma14205911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the physicochemical properties and the effect of solubility on the surface morphology and composition of the root canal sealers MTA-Bioseal, MTA-Fillapex, and Adseal. Discs (n = 10) of freshly mixed sealer were prepared and then analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The discs were immersed for 1, 7, 14, and 28 days in deionized water. The solubility %; pH change of the solution; and released calcium, phosphate, and silicon were measured for each period. The flowability and film thickness were also evaluated. Changes in the surface morphology and composition after 28 days of immersion were evaluated by SEM/EDX. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA at p < 0.05. The FTIR and EDX results revealed similar compositions of MTA-Bioseal and MTA-Fillapex, but with different concentrations. The two MTA-based sealers had higher solution alkalinity (pH > 10) than Adseal (pH ≈ 8.5). MTA-Fillapex exhibited the highest solubility % and the largest calcium and silicon ion release. MTA-Bioseal had the highest phosphate ion release. After 28 days, the sealer surfaces showed large micropores, with larger pores in MTA-Fillapex. Adseal had an intermediate flowability but exhibited the greatest film thickness. Finally, the highest solubility and largest amount of silicon release was exhibited by MTA-Fillapex, which might predispose it to the development of large micropores, compromising the apical seal of obturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Abu Zeid
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.Y.E.); (A.A.M.S.); (O.S.A.)
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Hadeel Yaseen Edrees
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.Y.E.); (A.A.M.S.); (O.S.A.)
| | - Abeer Abdulaziz Mokeem Saleh
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.Y.E.); (A.A.M.S.); (O.S.A.)
| | - Osama S. Alothmani
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.Y.E.); (A.A.M.S.); (O.S.A.)
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18
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Torres FFE, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Pinto JC, Tanomaru-Filho M. Effect of Different Dimensions of Test Samples on the Volumetric Change Assessment Of Endodontic Materials. Braz Dent J 2021; 32:42-47. [PMID: 33914001 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
New methodologies using micro-CT to evaluate solubility besides dimensional and morphological changes of endodontic materials are proposed. However, there is no standardization in the methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different dimensions of test samples on volumetric change evaluation of different endodontic materials. AH Plus, FillCanal and Sealapex root canal sealers, Biodentine, IRM and MTA root-end filling cements were used in the tests. Samples of each material with a thickness of 1.5 mm and different diameters were manufactured: 6.3, 7.75, and 9.0 mm. The samples were scanned in micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) after setting and after 7 days of immersion in distilled water. The volumetric change was evaluated by means of the difference in the total volume of the specimens before and after immersion. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). The size of the samples did not affect the percentage of volumetric change of the materials (p>0.05). All sample sizes had greater volume loss for Sealapex among the sealers and Biodentine for the cements (p<0.05). In conclusion, Biodentine and Sealapex had the highest volume loss after immersion. Samples with 1.5 mm thickness, and diameters ranging between 6.3 and 9.0 mm can be used to assess the stability of endodontic materials using micro-CT without affecting the percentage of volumetric change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Bortoluzzi EA, da Silveira Teixeira C, Broon NJ, Consolaro A, Pinheiro TN, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Pashley DH, Bramante CM. Tissue response to white mineral aggregate-based cement containing barium sulfate as alternative radiopacifier: A randomized controlled animal study. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:705-711. [PMID: 33089621 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the tissue reaction stimulated by BaSO4 - and Bi2 O3 -containing White MTA Angelus, in comparison with Bi2 O3 -containing white Portland cement, and white ProRoot MTA. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing between 250 and 300 g, were distributed into three groups (n = 12) in accordance with the period of sacrifice (15, 30, and 60 days). Four polyethylene tubes filled with the tested cements were implanted into the dorsum of each rat. Lateral wall of the tubes served as the negative control. After the experimental periods, the animals were euthanized by overdose of pentobarbital anesthetic solution, and the specimens were prepared for microscopic analysis under ×50, ×100, and ×400 magnifications. Inflammatory scores (0-3) were used to grade the tissue reaction. Data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test for individual comparisons (p < .05). A mild to moderate inflammatory tissue reaction was observed at the 15-day period, which decreased over the course of the periods for all cements, except for Portland cement. There was no significant difference among the tissue responses for ProRoot MTA, BaSO4 - and Bi2 O3 -containing White MTA Angelus at the 60-day period (p > .05). The Portland group had moderate inflammatory reaction at the final period of analysis, which was statistically different when compared to the other groups (p < .05). The microscopic findings of this animal study suggest that the addition of BaSO4 to White MTA Angelus does not hampers the biocompatibility of the cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi
- Department of Dentistry - Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry - Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Norberto J Broon
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Consolaro
- Department of Surgery, Stomatology, Pathology and Radiology, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago Novaes Pinheiro
- Superior School of Health Sciences, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
- Department of Dentistry - Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1120 15th Street, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Clovis Monteiro Bramante
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Dos Santos DC, da Silva Barboza A, Schneider LR, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Ribeiro JS, Damian MF, Campos AD, Lund RG. Antimicrobial and physical properties of experimental endodontic sealers containing vegetable extracts. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6450. [PMID: 33742040 PMCID: PMC7979879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85609-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the antimicrobial activity and the physical properties of resin-based experimental endodontic sealers with the incorporation of vegetable extracts obtained from Bixa orellana, Mentha piperita, and Tagetes minuta species. The extracts were obtained and characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. The extracts were individually incorporated into a dual-cure experimental sealer at a mass concentration of 0.5%. A commercial reference RealSeal was used. The sealers were evaluated by measuring the setting time, degree of conversion, dimensional stability, radiopacity, flow, and film thickness of these materials, also and its antimicrobial effect was evaluated using the direct contact test. Data were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test at α = 0.05 significance level. The physical properties were not influenced by the addition of the vegetable extracts (p > 0.05). For S. mutans, only T. minuta and B. orellana groups presented antibacterial activity after 24 h of contact (p < 0.05). All extracts evidenced an antibacterial effect against E. faecalis (p < 0.05). The experimental sealers hold promise as a novel vegetable sealer with great antimicrobial activity and also great physical–mechanical properties. Nonetheless, more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Coelho Dos Santos
- Post-Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Building 31, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Andressa da Silva Barboza
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, 457 Gonçalves Chaves, Room 503, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Lara Rodrigues Schneider
- Post-Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Building 31, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción S/N, 42160, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Juliana Silva Ribeiro
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, 457 Gonçalves Chaves, Room 503, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Melissa Feres Damian
- Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, 457 Gonçalves Chaves, Room 503, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil
| | - Angela Diniz Campos
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Temperate Climate, Highway BR-392, 78th km, 9th District, Monte Bonito, Pelotas, RS, 96010-971, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guerra Lund
- Post-Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Bioprospecting, Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Building 31, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil. .,Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, 457 Gonçalves Chaves, Room 503, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Oral Microbiology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, Gonçalves Chaves Street, 457/Rm 702-3, Pelotas, RS, 96015-560, Brazil.
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21
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Wong J, Zou T, Lee AHC, Zhang C. The Potential Translational Applications of Nanoparticles in Endodontics. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:2087-2106. [PMID: 33727815 PMCID: PMC7955783 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s293518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has substantially progressed in the past decades, giving rise to numerous possible applications in different biomedical fields. In particular, the use of nanoparticles in endodontics has generated significant interest due to their unique characteristics. As a result of their nanoscale dimensions, nanoparticles possess several properties that may enhance the treatment of endodontic infections, such as heightened antibacterial activity, increased reactivity and the capacity to be functionalized with other reactive compounds. Effective disinfection and sealing of the root canal system are the hallmarks for successful endodontic treatment. However, the presence of bacterial biofilms and resistance to endodontic disinfectants pose a significant challenge to this goal. This has encouraged the investigation of antibacterial nanoparticle-based irrigants and intracanal medicaments, which may improve the elimination of endodontic infections. In addition, photosynthesizer-functionalized nanoparticles could also serve as a worthy adjunct to root canal disinfection strategies. Furthermore, despite the myriad of commercially available options for endodontic obturation, the "ideal" material has yet to be conceived. This has led to the development of various experimental nanoparticle-incorporated obturation materials and sealers that exhibit a range of favourable physicochemical properties including enhanced antibacterial efficacy and bioactivity. Nanoparticle applications also show promise in the field of regenerative endodontics, such as supporting the release of bioactive molecules and enhancing the biophysical properties of scaffolds. Given the constantly growing body of research in this field, this article aims to present an overview of the current evidence pertaining to the potential translational applications of nanoparticles in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Wong
- Restorative Dental Sciences (Endodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Ting Zou
- Restorative Dental Sciences (Endodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Angeline Hui Cheng Lee
- Restorative Dental Sciences (Endodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences (Endodontics), Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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22
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Antunes TBM, Janini ACP, Pelepenko LE, Abuna GF, Paiva EM, Sinhoreti MAC, Raimundo IM, Gomes BPFA, de-Jesus-Soares A, Marciano MA. Heating stability, physical and chemical analysis of calcium silicate-based endodontic sealers. Int Endod J 2021; 54:1175-1188. [PMID: 33577106 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate possible modifications in root canal sealers subjected to a variety of heating conditions using vibrational spectroscopy and analysis of physical and chemical properties. METHODOLOGY EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow, Bio-C Sealer, BioRoot RCS and AH Plus were analysed chemically using Raman spectroscopy (25-220 °C) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) (37-100 °C ). For FT-IR, the materials were tested individually and mixed with root dentine powder. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and coupled energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate surface and chemical elements. ISO 6876-2012 and ASTM-C266-07 specifications were followed to evaluate flow, setting time (moist and dry), solubility and radiopacity. Also, pH analysis at 37 and 100 °C was performed. Shapiro-Wilk and Mixed ANOVA (within and between the effects of the subjects), Levene, and a post hoc analyses with Bonferroni correction were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS Vibrational spectroscopy revealed peaks of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate and zirconium dioxide. Chemical changes in the Raman spectra during heating were discrete, as the inorganic content predominated the signalling for all root canal sealers. FT-IR analysis exhibited spectral changes in water absorption for EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow and Bio-C Sealer, probably related to dehydration. For BioRoot RCS and AH Plus, no significant chemical changes were observed. Bio-C Sealer exhibited a band of polyethylene glycol only after heating to 100 °C, probably related to its thermal decomposition. SEM/EDS analysis corroborated the composition results observed in vibrational spectroscopy for all materials. Heating to 100 °C significantly changed the flowability of all calcium silicate-based sealers with a wide variation in setting times at both temperatures, along with solubility levels above ISO standards. For all tested sealers, radiopacity fulfilled the requirements, and pH exhibited alkaline values. CONCLUSIONS The tested calcium silicate-based sealers were affected by heating. Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers had high solubility which is a concern for their clinical use. AH Plus was the only root canal sealer that was stable after heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B M Antunes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C P Janini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L E Pelepenko
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G F Abuna
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E M Paiva
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A C Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I M Raimundo
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B P F A Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A de-Jesus-Soares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Marciano
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Carvalho NK, Barbosa AFA, Coelho BDP, Gonçalves LDS, Sassone LM, Silva EJNL. Antibacterial, biological, and physicochemical properties of root canal sealers containing chlorhexidine-hexametaphosphate nanoparticles. Dent Mater 2021; 37:863-874. [PMID: 33648745 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of chlorhexidine-hexametaphosphate nanoparticles (CHX-HMP NPs) on antibacterial, cytotoxic and physicochemical properties of AH Plus (AH), MTA Fillapex (MTA) and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS). METHODS The NPs were synthesized and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), zeta potential, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). The incorporation was made by weight, 2% and 5% of NPs. The antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, flow, radiopacity, setting time, solubility and pH were evaluated. The statistical analysis was performed by two-way analysis of variance test and Tukey post hoc test (P < 0.05). RESULTS SEM analysis showed the tendency for CHX-HMP NPs to cluster, the effective mean diameter measured by DLS: 169.39 nm and the zeta potential: -10.18 mV. The NPs were individually measured by AFM: 22.99-52.75 nm. EDS analysis identified the presence of C, N, O, Na, P, Cl. After incorporation: The Direct Contact Test showed an increase in the antimicrobial action of AH, PCS and MTA; the sealers showed a decrease in flow and at 24 h of immersion also an increase in solubility, but did not affect the radiopacity of the samples; AH setting time increased and MTA did not reach setting under any of the conditions tested. All samples showed a decrease in pH value as the immersion time progressed. SIGNIFICANCE The incorporation of NPs can improve the antimicrobial performance of endodontic sealers without impairing other biological and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Kudsy Carvalho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Almeida Barbosa
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara de Paula Coelho
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Moura Sassone
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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24
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Machado R, Koetz R, Comparin D, Alberton LR, da Fonseca Roberti Garcia L, Xavier da Silva Neto U. Correlation among Root Canal Configuration, Quality of Filling, and Its Sealability. Eur J Dent 2021; 15:568-573. [PMID: 33622010 PMCID: PMC8382461 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1724158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the existence of possible correlations among root canal configuration, quality of filling, and its sealability.
Materials and Methods
Sixty human mandibular central incisors were selected for this study. The teeth were prepared with the Profile 04 system up to instrument 35/0.04 and irrigated with 2.5 mL of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite at each instrument change. Root canal filling was performed by the lateral compaction technique, using gutta-percha and an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus) labeled with 0.1% Rhodamine B dye. Afterward, the specimens were submitted to fluid filtration tests to assess the sealability of the filling. Cross-sections were obtained at −3, −6, and −8 mm from the root apex and submitted to a metallographic treatment to determine the root canal configuration and the percentage of gutta-percha filled areas. The data were statistically analyzed by the Grubbs test. Pairs of correlations were analyzed by applying the Spearman test at a level of significance of 5%.
Results
No correlation was observed among the analyzed variables as follows: root canal configuration versus filling quality (Spearman’s rho = 0.031); filling quality versus sealability (Spearman’s rho = 0.219); and root canal configuration versus sealability (Spearman’s rho = 0.184).
Conclusion
The root canal configuration did not affect the quality of the filling and its sealability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Machado
- Department of Endodontics, School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Koetz
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Paranaense University, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Comparin
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Paranaense University, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Luiz Rômulo Alberton
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Graduate Program in Animal Science, Paranaense University, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ulisses Xavier da Silva Neto
- Department of Endodontics, School of Health and Bioscience, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Takatsuki-Hira A, Kaketani M, Shimizu K, Tamura T, Nakamura T, Toyama Y, Yoneyama T, Takeichi O. Efficacy of prototype endodontic obturators for novel root canal obturation techniques using a resin-based sealer in various powder-liquid ratios. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:157-162. [PMID: 33597337 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.20-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine novel techniques using prototype endodontic obturators to obturate a resin-based sealer. METHODS Powder-liquid ratios of MetaSEAL Soft were changed to obtain suitable root canal sealing, and the physical properties for various powder-liquid ratios were analyzed according to ISO-6876. Tensile bond strength was also examined. Prototype endodontic obturators with a combination of thread numbers and pitch angles were analyzed for sealing ability after MetaSEAL Soft was obturated in simulated root canals. RESULTS Powder-liquid ratios of 1.0:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, and 1.3:1 showed suitable physical properties; however, flow for 1.4:1 was below a standard value. Tensile bond strength increased gradually when the powder-liquid ratio changed from 1.0:1 to 1.3:1, and 1.3:1 and 1.4:1 showed the highest and lowest bond strengths, respectively. Sealing ability increased when pitch angles of the obturators were 5°, 8°, and 11°; 11° showed the best results. Similarly, sealing ability increased when the thread number was 12, 17, and 22 pitches; 22 showed the best results. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the prototype endodontic obturator can be useful for obturating MetaSEAL Soft, and a powder-liquid ratio of 1.3:1 MetaSEAL Soft may be the most suitable for achieving excellent sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masahiro Kaketani
- Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Kohei Shimizu
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takahito Tamura
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Yurika Toyama
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Yoneyama
- Department of Dental Materials, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Biomaterials Science, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Osamu Takeichi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Miyashita H, Asaumi R, Sakamoto A, Kawai T, Igarashi M. Root canal sealers affect artifacts on cone-beam computed tomography images. Odontology 2021; 109:679-686. [PMID: 33550479 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appearance of artifacts by four types of root canal filling sealers on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. Thirty standardized tooth models were given the radiopacity equivalent to human teeth, and root canal preparation was performed using WaveOne Gold. Root canal filling by a single-point method was performed using WaveOne Gold gutta-percha points and four types of root canal sealers: AH Plus (AH), CANALS (CA), BioRoot RCS (BR), and MTA Fillapex (MTA). Samples were taken by periapical radiography at 60 kV and scanned by CBCT at three tube voltages (70, 85, and 100 kV). The gray-scale values (GVs) of the periapical radiographs were measured and the aluminum equivalents were calculated. On the CBCT axial images, the artifact and dentin area GVs were measured and the rate of change in the GV (RCGV) was calculated as follows: RCGV (%) = (dentin area GV - artifact GV)/dentin area GV × 100. High-density areas with artifacts on the CBCT images were also measured. On the periapical radiographs, the aluminum equivalent was largest for AH and smallest for MTA. On the CBCT images, AH showed the largest values for both RCGV and the high-density areas, while BR and MTA showed comparable values. Correlations were found between the radiopacity on the periapical radiographs and the degree of artifacts on the CBCT images. These findings suggest that the greater the contrast in the 2D image, the higher the artifacts in the 3D image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazuki Miyashita
- Department of Endodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan.
| | - Rieko Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakamoto
- Radiographic Laboratory, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Kawai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Igarashi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
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Silva EJNL, Cardoso ML, Rodrigues JP, De-Deus G, Fidalgo TKDS. Solubility of bioceramic- and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 47:690-702. [PMID: 33523574 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated whether epoxy resin-based root canal sealers present an increased solubility than calcium silicate-based root canal sealers. A systematic search was performed in the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Open Grey. The inclusion criteria consisted of in vitro studies that compared the solubility of epoxy resin-based and calcium silicate-based sealers. The quality assessment and data extraction of the selected articles were performed. The meta-analysis of the pooled data and the subgroups according to the root thirds were carried out using the RevMan software (P < 0.05). After the duplicate removal and eligibility criteria assessment, a total of 22 studies were included all of them were considered as having a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis demonstrated overall lower solubility of AH Plus. AH Plus presented lower solubility than Bio-C Sealer, BioRoot RCS, MTA Fillapex, Sealer Plus and Total Fill BC Sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University (UNIGRANRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milla Lessa Cardoso
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Perrut Rodrigues
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gustavo De-Deus
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Queiroz MB, Torres FFE, Rodrigues EM, Viola KS, Bosso-Martelo R, Chavez-Andrade GM, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M. Physicochemical, biological, and antibacterial evaluation of tricalcium silicate-based reparative cements with different radiopacifiers. Dent Mater 2021; 37:311-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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29
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Dezan-Junior E, Marques Costa VS, Emerenciano Bueno C, Valentim D, Benetti F, Sandoval Cury M, Veiga Vasques A, Ervolino E. Biocompatibility and immunolabeling of fibronectin and tenascin of resinous root canal sealersw. J Conserv Dent 2021; 24:323-329. [PMID: 35282588 PMCID: PMC8896128 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_628_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of resinous root canal sealers: Sealer 26, AH plus, and SK Seal Root Canal Sealer in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats received polyethylene tubes containing the sealers and empty tubes as control (n = 6). After 7, 15, 30, and 60 days, animals were killed and polyethylene tubes were removed with the surrounding tissues. The specimens were embedded in paraffin, processed for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry assessed for fibronectin (FN) and tenascin (TN). Statistical Analysis Used: Data were tabulated and analyzed via Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's test (P < 0.05). Results: All groups induced a moderate inflammatory reaction after 7 and 15 days (P > 0.05); after 30 days, a mild inflammatory infiltrate was observed in control groups, and moderate in sealers groups (P > 0.05); all groups showed mild inflammatory infiltrate at 60 days (P > 0.05). Overall, the fibrous capsule was considered thick only on the 7th day and became thin over time. All groups had expression for FN and TN in all analyzed periods, with high immunolabeling in sealers groups when comparing with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: All sealers demonstrated biocompatibility and induced FN and TN expression.
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Teixeira CDS, Wasielewsky JC, Dos Santos GS, Bernardi A, Bortoluzzi EA, Garcia LDFR. Effect of the addition of nanoparticles of CaCO 3 and different water-to-powder ratios on the physicochemical properties of white Portland cement. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:592-601. [PMID: 33047854 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The addition of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (nano-CaCO3 ) accelerates the hydration of Portland cement improving its mechanical properties. Conversely, nano-CaCO3 addition leads to reduction in the water required during initial PC hydration. Therefore, the use of a correct water-to-powder ratio is fundamental for manipulating this hydraulic cement. This study evaluated the effect of nano-CaCO3 addition and different water-to-powder ratios on the physicochemical properties of white Portland cement (WPC). WPC was associated to different concentrations of nano-CaCO3 , and the following experimental groups were created: G1a (no nano-CaCO3 ); G2a (0.5% nano-CaCO3 ), G3a (1% nano-CaCO3 ), G4a (2% nano-CaCO3 ), and G5a (5% nano-CaCO3 ). The setting-time (ST), compressive strength (CS), dimensional change (DC), solubility (S), and pH were assessed (24 hr and 30 days). Next, WPC + 5% nano-CaCO3 was manipulated varying the water-to-powder ratio: G1b (WPC/0.33 ml); G2b (WPC/nano-CaCO3 /0.33 ml); G3b (WPC/0.29 ml); G4b (WPC/nano-CaCO3 /0.29 ml); G5b (WPC/0.26 ml); and G6b (WPC/nano-CaCO3 /0.26 ml). The tests were repeated. The data analysis (2-way ANOVA and Tukey test, α = 5%) demonstrated that ST was shorter for samples containing nano-CaCO3 (p < .05). Reduction in CS was observed for all groups at 30 days, except G5a, G2b, and G6b (p < .05). DC and S had no statistical difference among groups (p > .05) independently of nano-CaCO3 water-to-powder ratio. After 30 days, there was significant reduction in pH for G3a and G6b (p < .05). The different concentrations of nano-CaCO3 and water-to-powder ratios affected the physicochemical properties of WPC, especially the setting-time and compressive strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jessica Coelho Wasielewsky
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Slongo Dos Santos
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anarela Bernardi
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
- Department of Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Novel, Premixed Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer Compared to Powder-Liquid Bioceramic Sealer. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9103096. [PMID: 32992852 PMCID: PMC7600315 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties, filling ability, and antibacterial activity of a premixed calcium silicate-based sealer to those of a powder–liquid bioceramic sealer. Ceraseal (CS) and BioRoot (BR) materials were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy at 7 and 14 d of immersion in distilled water. The filling ability of the two sealers as well as the water contact angle, solubility, flow, roughness, crystalline microstructure, pH, and compressive strength were also evaluated. The antibacterial activity was assessed through an agar diffusion as well as through direct tests. All the results were statistically analyzed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance tests. Statistically significant lower void percentages were observed for CS at 2 and 8 mm from the working length (WL) compared to those for the BR group, whilst no significant difference was observed at 5 mm from the WL. BR sealer showed higher alkaline pH, rougher surface, lower water contact angle values, lower flowability, and higher solubility compared to CS. BR showed globular and needle-like crystalline microstructure, whilst CS had globular and flower-like crystalline microstructure up to 72 h. No statistical difference was found for the compressive strength between the two sealers. BR and CS showed no antibacterial effect against Enterococcus faecalis after 3 h, whilst both sealers showed antibacterial capacity after 24 and 72 h. BR demonstrated higher antibacterial activity after 24 h. In conclusion, the use of bioceramic sealers may play an important role in controlling bacterial growth. Moreover, CS may have superior filling ability and lower solubility than the BioRoot sealer due to its specific chemical composition and mixing method.
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Silva EJNL, Ehrhardt IC, Sampaio GC, Cardoso ML, Oliveira DDS, Uzeda MJ, Calasans-Maia MD, Cavalcante DM, Zuolo ML, De-Deus G. Determining the setting of root canal sealers using an in vivo animal experimental model. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1899-1906. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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33
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Guimarães VBDS, Barboza ADS, Cuevas-Suárez CE, Collares T, Larré Oliveira T, Ribeiro AS, Lisboa MT, Pappen FG, Lund RG. Physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties and the shelf life of experimental endodontic sealers containing metal methacrylates. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:416-427. [PMID: 32441120 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1767081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties of a dual polymerization experimental endodontic sealer (E) and experimental sealers containing dibutyltin methacrylate (Sn2+) (ETs) or calcium methacrylate (Ca2+) (ECs). The pH and ion release levels of the sealers were measured. The dimensional stability was evaluated in accordance with ISO 6876. Biofilm growth inhibition was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Biofilm viability analysis was performed using the SYTO 9 technique. The shelf life was evaluated through the degree of conversion and film thickness tests after the sealers had been stored for different periods of time. For statistical analysis, ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test were used, with a significance level of 5%. ETs revealed better anti-biofilm potential after 15 days than that of the controls. The degree of conversion was reduced after the shelf-life period. The addition of calcium and dibutyltin methacrylate improved the anti-biofilm properties of the experimental endodontic sealer without impairing their physico-chemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
- Dental Materials Laboratory, Academic Area of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hgo, Mexico
| | - Tiago Collares
- Cancer Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Thaís Larré Oliveira
- Cancer Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
- Laboratory of Vaccinology, School of Biotechnology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Anderson Schwingel Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Metrology Laboratory (LabMeQui), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Meibel Teixeira Lisboa
- Graduate Program in Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Chemical Metrology Laboratory (LabMeQui), Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Guerra Lund
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Pelotas Dental School, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Hoshino RA, da Silva GF, Delfino MM, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Tanomaru-Filho M, Sasso-Cerri E, Bonetti Filho I, Cerri PS. Physical Properties, Antimicrobial Activity and In Vivo Tissue Response to Apexit Plus. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13051171. [PMID: 32151089 PMCID: PMC7085033 DOI: 10.3390/ma13051171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the physical properties, antimicrobial activity, and tissue reaction to Apexit Plus in comparison to Sealapex. Flow, radiopacity, setting time, and solubility were evaluated in each material. The antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis was performed. Polyethylene tubes containing Apexit Plus or Sealapex, and without material (control group) were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of rats. At 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of implantation, the specimens were paraffin-embedded and the number of inflammatory cells (ICs) and the amount of birefringent collagen (BC) were quantified. The von Kossa reaction followed by immunohistochemistry for detection of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was also performed. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The flow value of Apexit Plus was greater than Sealapex, whereas the radiopacity (3.44 mm Al) was lower than Sealapex (6.82 mm Al). Apexit Plus showed lower solubility and shorter initial and final setting (p < 0.0001), whereas the antimicrobial activity was significantly greater than Sealapex. Although the number of ICs was higher in Apexit Plus (p = 0.0009) at 7 days, no significant difference was detected between Apexit Plus and Sealapex at 15, 30, and 60 days. All groups showed higher values for BC in the capsules over time. ALP-immunolabelled cells were observed, mainly around von Kossa-positive structures, either in the capsules of Apexit Plus or Sealapex. Therefore, our results revealed that Apexit Plus exhibited a greater effectiveness against Enterococcus faecalis and better physical properties than Sealapex, except for the radiopacity. In vivo findings indicate that Apexit Plus is biocompatible and presents potential bioactivity in the subcutaneous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alameda Hoshino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Guilherme Ferreira da Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Mateus Machado Delfino
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Estela Sasso-Cerri
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil;
| | - Idomeo Bonetti Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (R.A.H.); (G.F.d.S.); (M.M.D.); (J.M.G.-T.); (I.B.F.)
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Dental School—São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3301-6497; Fax: +55-16-3301-6433
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LIMA SPRD, SANTOS GLD, FERELLE A, RAMOS SDP, PESSAN JP, DEZAN-GARBELINI CC. Clinical and radiographic evaluation of a new stain-free tricalcium silicate cement in pulpotomies. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e102. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Cristine Prado M, Torres FFE, Viapiana R, Pivoto-João MMB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Physicochemical Properties and Bioactive Potential of a New Epoxy Resin-based Root Canal Sealer. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:563-568. [PMID: 31800750 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201802861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical properties and bioactive potential of Sealer Plus, in comparison with MTA Fillapex, Sealapex and AH Plus. Setting time, flow, and radiopacity were evaluated based on ISO 6876 Standard. Flow was also assessed in area (mm²). The solubility and volumetric change of the sealers were evaluated after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. Solubility was evaluated by the difference in mass of materials before and after immersion. Volumetric change was evaluated by using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). The bioactive potential was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) after immersion in PBS. Data were compared using ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). Sealer Plus presented the shortest setting time (196 min.) and Sealapex the longest (912 min.) (p<0.05). AH Plus showed the highest radiopacity (9.5 mm Al) and MTA Fillapex the lowest (2.7 mm Al) (p<0.05). All the sealers presented flow in accordance with ISO 6876/2012 (>17 mm). Sealer Plus showed low solubility and volumetric change (<1%), and MTA Fillapex showed the highest solubility (>25%), and volumetric change (>4%) after all time intervals (p<0.05). MTA Fillapex was the only sealer that showed bioactive potential. In conclusion, Sealer Plus presented proper physicochemical properties. However, this sealer did not present a bioactive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maiby Cristine Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Raqueli Viapiana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Dong W, Chen R, Lin YT, Huang ZX, Bao GJ, He XY. A novel zinc oxide eugenol modified by polyhexamethylene biguanide: Physical and antimicrobial properties. Dent Mater J 2019; 39:200-205. [PMID: 31694998 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study was to prepare and screen a novel root canal sealing agent modified by polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) that was in accordance with the ISO 6876:2001 standard and to study its physical and antimicrobial properties. The modified sealers were produced by mixing a certain amount of zinc oxide with eugenol containing different concentrations of PHMB (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%) at a ratio of 1:1 (w/v). The setting time, flow, film thickness, solubility and dimensional change after solidifying were assessed to screen out the modified sealing agents that the physical properties met the mentioned standards. The modified direct contact test (DCT) was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis. The results suggested that when the concentrations of PHMB were 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%, the modified root canal sealers showed the best performance in physical and antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest University for Nationalities
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest University for Nationalities
| | - Yue-Ting Lin
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University.,Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest University for Nationalities
| | - Zi-Xiao Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University
| | - Guang-Jie Bao
- Key Lab of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Northwest University for Nationalities
| | - Xiang-Yi He
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University
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Torres FFE, Zordan‐Bronzel CL, Guerreiro‐Tanomaru JM, Chávez‐Andrade GM, Pinto JC, Tanomaru‐Filho M. Effect of immersion in distilled water or phosphate‐buffered saline on the solubility, volumetric change and presence of voids within new calcium silicate‐based root canal sealers. Int Endod J 2019; 53:385-391. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. F. E. Torres
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
| | - C. L. Zordan‐Bronzel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
| | - J. M. Guerreiro‐Tanomaru
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
| | - G. M. Chávez‐Andrade
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
| | - J. C. Pinto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
| | - M. Tanomaru‐Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry São Paulo State University (Unesp) Araraquara Brazil
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Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of a New Calcium Silicate–based Sealer, Bio-C Sealer. J Endod 2019; 45:1248-1252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Torres FFE, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM, Bosso-Martelo R, Espir CG, Camilleri J, Tanomaru-Filho M. Solubility, Porosity, Dimensional and Volumetric Change of Endodontic Sealers. Braz Dent J 2019; 30:368-373. [PMID: 31340227 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201902607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate physical properties of endodontic sealers (AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and Endofill), by conventional and micro-CT tests. Dimensional stability was evaluated after immersion of materials in distilled water for 30 days. Solubility and volumetric change were evaluated after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. Solubility was evaluated by means of mass loss and volumetric change was assessed by micro-CT. Porosity was evaluated under a microscope after 7 days of immersion in distilled water, and by using micro-CT after setting and immersion in distilled water for 7 and 30 days. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey's test with 5% significance level. MTA Fillapex presented the highest solubility (p<0.05), showing values above the ISO/ADA recommendations. MTA Fillapex presented higher volumetric and dimensional changes, followed by Endofill and AH Plus (p<0.05). Dimensional stability of the MTA Fillapex and AH Plus did not follow ISO/ADA standards. The highest total porosity was observed for MTA Fillapex (p<0.05). Endofill had higher total porosity than AH Plus according to microscope evaluation (p<0,05), and both sealers were similar in micro-CT assessment (p>0,05). In conclusion, MTA Fillapex presented higher solubility, dimensional and volumetric change besides porosity compared to the other evaluated sealers. The assessed physical properties of sealers are related, and the different tests provided complementary data. Micro-CT is a valuable method for assessment of physical properties of endodontic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roberta Bosso-Martelo
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UFBA - Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Camila Galletti Espir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Josette Camilleri
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Clinical and Medical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Benetti F, de Azevedo Queiroz ÍO, Oliveira PHCD, Conti LC, Azuma MM, Oliveira SHPD, Cintra LTA. Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer containing calcium hydroxide. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e042. [PMID: 31508725 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of a new bioceramic endodontic sealer (i.e., Sealer Plus BC) in comparison with those of MTA Fillapex and AH Plus. L929 fibroblasts were cultured and Alamar Blue was used to evaluate cell viability of diluted extracts (1:50, 1:100, and 1:200) from each sealer at 24 h. Polyethylene tubes that were filled with material or empty (as a control) were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of rats. The rats were killed after 7 and 30 d (n = 8), and the tubes were removed for histological analysis. Parametric data was analyzed using a one-way ANOVA test, and nonparametric data was analyzed via the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05). A reduction in cell viability was observed in the extracts that were more diluted for Sealer Plus BC when compared to that of Control and AH Plus (p < 0.05). However, the 1:50 dilution of the Sealer Plus BC was similar to that of the Control (p > 0.05). Conversely, more diluted extracts of MTA Fillapex (1:200) and AH Plus (1:100 and 1:200) were similar to the Control (p > 0.05). Histological analysis performed at 7 d did not indicate any significant difference between tissue response for all materials, and the fibrous capsule was thick (p > 0.05). At 30 d, Sealer Plus BC was similar to the Control (p > 0.05) and MTA Fillapex and AH Plus exhibited greater inflammation than the Control (p < 0.05). The fibrous capsule was thin for the Control and for most specimens of Sealer Plus BC and AH Plus. Thus, Sealer Plus BC is biocompatible when compared to MTA Fillapex and AH Plus, and it is less cytotoxic when less-diluted extracts are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Benetti
- Departament of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estaudal Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leticia Citelli Conti
- Departament of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Estaudal Paulista - Unesp, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane Maffei Azuma
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, aMI, USA
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Razdan A, Benetti AR, Bjørndal L. Do in vitro solubility studies on endodontic sealers demonstrate a high level of evidence? A systematic review. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:253-263. [PMID: 30849267 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1538535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the quality of evidence of available in vitro solubility studies on endodontic sealers according to prespecified evidence criteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS This systematic review was based on the PRISMA guidelines and the AMSTAR measurement tool. A systematic duplicate search of the literature on endodontic sealer solubility studies was conducted in PubMed and Embase databases (until 18 October 2017). Mapping terms to subject headings and free text terms were used and combined with hand searching before exclusion of duplicates. Studies specifically dealing with endodontic sealer solubility were selected. The evidence level was graded (low, medium or high) independently by two investigators following systematic data extraction in pilot forms, which was based on prespecified evidence criteria and the modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro studies on dental materials. RESULTS The search retrieved 1053 articles, from which 88 were assessed in full. From the 63 articles retained in the final analysis, 11 were classified as having moderate and 52 as low quality of evidence (0 high). The studies graded as low had low sample size (n < 10) and/or insufficient details to allow replicability. Most of the studies did not conform to the modified CONSORT checklist and did not include parameters considered relevant in the prespecified criteria. CONCLUSIONS Existing in vitro studies on the solubility of endodontic sealers do not demonstrate a high quality of evidence. Most of these studies do not present systematic reporting nor employ relevant parameters prespecified in our evidence criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Razdan
- Section of Cariology and Endodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Dental Materials, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ana Raquel Benetti
- Section of Dental Materials, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Bjørndal
- Section of Cariology and Endodontics, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Calcium phosphates as fillers for methacrylate-based sealer. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 23:4417-4423. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-02898-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effects of different radio-opacifying agents on physicochemical and biological properties of a novel root-end filling material. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191123. [PMID: 29420559 PMCID: PMC5805173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose Radio-opacity is an essential attribute of ideal root-end filling materials because it is important for clinicians to observe root canal filling and to facilitate the follow-up instructions. The novel root-end filling material (NRFM) has good cytocompatibility and physicochemical properties but low intrinsic radio-opacity value. To improve its radio-opacity value, three novel radio-opaque root-end filling materials (NRRFMs) were developed by adding barium sulphate (NRFM-Ba), bismuth trioxide (NRFM-Bi) and zirconium dioxide (NRFM-Zr) to NRFM, respectively. The purpose of this study was to identify the suitable radio-opacifier for NRFM through evaluating their physicochemical and biological properties, in comparison with NRFM and glass ionomer cement (GIC). Methods NRRFMs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR). Physicochemical properties including setting time, compressive strength, porosity, pH variation, solubility, washout resistance, contact angle and radiopacity were investigated. Cytocompatibility of both freshly mixed and set NRRFMs was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and alizarin red staining were used to investigate the osteogenic differentiation potential of NRFM-Zr. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (pH variation, solubility and ALP activity) and one-way ANOVA (for the other variables). Results (1) NRRFMs were primarily composed of hydroxyapatite, calcium carboxylate salt and the corresponding radio-opacity agents (barium sulphate, bismuth trioxide or zirconium dioxide). (2) Besides similar physicochemical properties in terms of setting time, pH variation, solubility, washout resistance and contact angle to NRFM, NRFM-Bi and NRFM-Zr exhibited lower porosity and greater compressive strength after being set for 7 days and their radio-opacity were greater than the 3 mm aluminium thickness specified in ISO 6876 (2001). (3) MTT assay revealed that freshly mixed and set NRFM-Zr presented better cell viability than NRFM-Ba and NRFM-Bi at 24 hours and 48 hours (P<0.05). (4) NRFM-Zr significantly enhanced ALP activity and calcium formation of human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells when compared with negative group and GIC (P<0.05). Conclusion NRFM-Zr presents desirable physicochemical and biological properties, thus zirconium dioxide may be a suitable radio-opacifier for NRFM.
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Colombo M, Poggio C, Dagna A, Meravini MV, Riva P, Trovati F, Pietrocola G. Biological and physico-chemical properties of new root canal sealers. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e120-e126. [PMID: 29670728 PMCID: PMC5899788 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to compare the biological and the physico-chemical properties of bioceramic-based root canal sealers, calcium hydroxide-based, MTA-based and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. Material and Methods Two bioceramic-based sealers, one calcium hydroxide-based sealer, one MTA-based sealer and two epoxy resin-based sealers were tested. Results EasySeal and MTA Fillapex showed severe citotoxic activity, AH Plus and SealapexTM moderate cytotoxicity, BioRoot™ RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer were both cytocompatible. Except for TotalFill BC Sealer, all root canal sealers caused inhibition zones when tested with E. faecalis. The highest inhibition zone was observed for EasySeal, followed by AH Plus. BioRoot™ RCS, SealapexTM and MTA Fillapex showed the lowest inhibition zone. All the tested materials showed different degree of antibacterial activity by using direct contact test (DCT). The highest values were observed for BioRoot™ RCS, TotalFill BC Sealer and EasySeal, followed by MTA Fillapex and SealapexTM. Except for BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer, all the root canal sealers fulfilled the requirements of the ISO 6876 standard, demonstrating a weight loss less than 3%. Bioroot RCS, TotalFill BC Sealer and SealapexTM exhibited high alkaline pH with an increase both for BioRoot™ RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer after 24 hours. Conclusions The new bioceramic-based sealers showed acceptable physico-chemical properties, but BioRoot™ RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer seems to be too soluble, not respecting ISO 6876 requirements. Key words:Antibacterial activity, cytoxicity, pH, root canal sealers, solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Colombo
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Poggio
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Dagna
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria-Vittoria Meravini
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Riva
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Trovati
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences - Section of Dentistry, Policlinico "San Matteo" Piazzale Golgi, Pavia, Italy
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Jun SK, Kim HW, Lee HH, Lee JH. Zirconia-incorporated zinc oxide eugenol has improved mechanical properties and cytocompatibility with human dental pulp stem cells. Dent Mater 2018; 34:132-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tanomaru-Filho M, Torres FFE, Chávez-Andrade GM, de Almeida M, Navarro LG, Steier L, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Physicochemical Properties and Volumetric Change of Silicone/Bioactive Glass and Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Sealers. J Endod 2017; 43:2097-2101. [PMID: 29032816 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study evaluated setting time (ST), radiopacity, pH, flow, solubility, and volumetric change (VC) of a silicone, gutta-percha, and bioactive glass-based sealer, GuttaFlow Bioseal (GFB), and a calcium silicate-based sealer, TotalFill BC Sealer (TFBC), in comparison with AH Plus. METHODS ST and flow were evaluated in accordance with the ISO 6876 Standard. pH was evaluated after different time intervals (1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days). Radiopacity was evaluated by radiographic analysis in millimeters of aluminum. Solubility was evaluated by means of mass loss (%) after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. VC was evaluated by micro-computed tomography, by using cavities 3 mm deep and 1 mm in diameter in acrylic resin, filled with the materials. The materials were evaluated after setting and after 7 and 30 days of immersion in distilled water. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey statistical tests (P < .05). RESULTS TFBC demonstrated the highest pH and solubility. GFB had the shortest ST, and lowest radiopacity and flow values. VC was similar for the sealers in both time intervals. CONCLUSIONS TFBC presented the highest pH and solubility, but showed similar VC to GFB and AH Plus. GFB showed proper physicochemical properties. Micro-computed tomography complements the physicochemical analysis of endodontic sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Tanomaru-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Madelise de Almeida
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Guilherme Navarro
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liviu Steier
- Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Jafari F, Jafari S. Composition and physicochemical properties of calcium silicate based sealers: A review article. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1249-e1255. [PMID: 29167717 PMCID: PMC5694156 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently a new generation of endodontic sealers has been developed based on calcium silicate as MTA Fillapex, Endoseal MTA, Total Fill BC Sealer, EndoSequence BC Sealer, iRoot SP, Endo CPM sealer, MTA-Angelus and ProRoot Endo Sealer. A review of literature was conducted to discuss the composition, physicochemical properties, and clinical perspectives of calcium silicate based sealers. Material and Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed and web of knowledge databases with appropriate MeSh terms and keywords. A total of 71 studies were reviewed for data extraction. Results and Conclusions Calcium silicate based sealers showed suitable physical properties to be used as an endodontic sealer. However, its high solubility remains an important issue. They show good performance regarding calcium ion release, film thickness, and fowability. More researches are required about features of calcium silicate based sealers before recommending them for clinical applications. Key words:Calcium silicate, root canal filling materials, composition, physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanaz Jafari
- Assistant Professor, Orthodontics Department, Dentistry Faculty, Ilam University of Medical Sciences
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Poggio C, Dagna A, Ceci M, Meravini MV, Colombo M, Pietrocola G. Solubility and pH of bioceramic root canal sealers: A comparative study. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1189-e1194. [PMID: 29167707 PMCID: PMC5694146 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study compared the solubility and the pH of different root canal sealers in vitro. Material and Methods BioRoot™RCS, TotalFill BC Sealer, MTA Fillapex, SealapexTM, AH Plus, EasySeal, Pulp Canal Sealer™ and N2 were tested. Similar specimens were prepared using ring molds with an internal diameter of 20 ± 0,1 mm and a height of 1,5 ± 0,1 mm and digitally weighted to register the mass of each specimen before and after immersion in distilled water. Solubility was determined after 24 hours and statistically analysed using a one-way ANOVA test and post-hoc Tukey test. The pH value was measured by a digital pH meter after 3 and 24 hours from manipulation. Results BioRoot™RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer showed significantly higher solubility (P<0.05). All the remnant root canal sealers fulfilled the requirements of solubility of the International Standard Organization 6876 demonstrating a weight loss of less than 3%. BioRoot™RCS and Totalfill BC Sealer exhibited high alkaline pH over time (P<0.05); the alkalinity of the other tested cements was significantly lower. Conclusions The prolonged alkalinity of bioceramic sealer matched the increase in solubility. This may encourage their biological and antimicrobial effects, but the ongoing solubility may impact their ability to prevent apical leakage. Key words:pH, root canal sealers, solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Poggio
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Alberto Dagna
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Ceci
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria-Vittoria Meravini
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Colombo
- Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pietrocola
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Italy
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Mendes MS, Resende LD, Pinto CA, Raldi DP, Cardoso FG, Habitante SM. Radiopacity of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate with and without Inclusion of Silver Nanoparticles. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017. [PMID: 28621272 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the inclusion of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) composition to know which changes will result in the radiopacity of the material. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experiment was performed according to the American National Standard Institute/American Dental Association specification no. 57/2000 and ISO 6876/2001. Five plates with five holes measuring 1 mm in depth and 5 mm in internal diameter were filled according to the different experimental groups as follows: white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) + NP50 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 50 ppm, WMTA + NP30 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 30 ppm, WMTA + NP22 - W MTA with liquid Ag NP 22 ppm, WMTA + NPP - white MTA with liquid Ag NP and powder 1%, WMTA (control). After filling the plates, they were kept in an incubator at 37°C in relative humidity for setting. Each sample was positioned along an aluminum step-wedge placed above the Opteo digital sensor system. The image was divided into four quadrants, and three readings were made for each quadrant to render the average of each quadrant. The resulting data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests. RESULTS The results showed statistically significant differences between WMTA + NP30, WMTA + NP22, and WMTA + NPP interactions compared with WMTA (control) (p < 0.05). The radiopacity was in descending order: WMTA + NPP, WMTA + NP22, WMTA + NP30, MTA + NP50, and WMTA. CONCLUSION Silver NPs changed the radiopacity of WMTA, being more evident in WMTA + NP powder at 1% weight. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The low radiopacity of MTA makes it difficult for any radiographic observation. The Ag NPs appear as an alternative, being an excellent radiopacifier as they have excellent antimicrobial property and relatively low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ss Mendes
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo D Resende
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia A Pinto
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise P Raldi
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia Gr Cardoso
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Habitante
- Endodontic Division, Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté, Taubaté, São Paulo, Brazil, Phone: +0036254149, e-mail:
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