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Kassem S, Hijazi N, Stein N, Zaina A, Ganaim M. Clinical outcomes of clostridioides difficile infection in the very elderly. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:1041-1049. [PMID: 38615301 PMCID: PMC11186863 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) causes considerable morbidity, mortality, and economic cost. Advanced age, prolonged stay in healthcare facility, and exposure to antibiotics are leading risk factors for CDI. Data on CDI clinical outcomes in the very elderly patients are limited. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized between 2016 and 2018 with CDI. We evaluated demographic clinical and laboratory parameters. Major clinical outcomes were evaluated including duration of hospital stay, admission to intensive care unit (ICU), in-hospital mortality, 30 days post-discharge mortality, and readmission/mortality composite outcome. We compared patients aged up to 80 years (elderly) to those of 80 years old or more (very elderly). RESULTS Of 196 patients included in the study, 112 (57%) were very elderly with a mean age of 86 versus 67 years in the elderly group. The duration of hospital stays, and intensive care unit admission frequency were significantly reduced in the very elderly (13 vs. 22 days p = 0.003 and 1.8% vs. 10.7% p = 0.01, respectively). No significant difference was found in the frequencies of in-hospital and in 30 days post-discharge mortality. CONCLUSIONS In our cohort, the duration of hospital stay seemed to be shorter in the very elderly with no increase of in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. Although admitted less frequently to ICU, the in-hospital survival of the very elderly was not adversely affected compared to the elderly, suggesting that very advanced age per se should not be a major factor to consider in determining the prognosis of a patient with CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Kassem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Nizar Hijazi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
| | - Nili Stein
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Adnan Zaina
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zvulon Medical Center, Clalit Health Services and Azrieli School of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Mohammad Ganaim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lady Davis Carmel Medical Centre, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Medical School, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Michal 7, 3436212, Haifa, Israel
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2
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High Prevalence of Clostridioides difficile Ribotype 176 in the University Hospital in Kosice. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030430. [PMID: 36986352 PMCID: PMC10055383 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, caused by antibiotics, plays a key role in the establishment of Clostridioides difficile CD). Toxin-producing strains are involved in the pathogenesis of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), one of the most common hospital-acquired infections. We cultured a total of 84 C. difficile isolates from stool samples of patients hospitalized at Louis Pasteur University Hospital in Kosice, Slovakia, that were suspected of CDI and further characterized by molecular methods. The presence of genes encoding toxin A, toxin B, and binary toxin was assessed by toxin-specific PCR. CD ribotypes were detected using capillary-based electrophoresis ribotyping. A total of 96.4% of CD isolates carried genes encoding toxins A and B, and 54.8% of them were positive for the binary toxin. PCR ribotyping showed the presence of three major ribotypes: RT 176 (n = 40, 47.6%); RT 001 (n = 23, 27.4%); and RT 014 (n = 7, 8.3%). Ribotype 176 predominated among clinical CD isolates in our hospital. The proportion of RT 176 and RT 001 in four hospital departments with the highest incidence of CDI cases was very specific, pointing to local CDI outbreaks. Based on our data, previous use of antibiotics represents a significant risk factor for the development of CDI in patients over 65 years of age.
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3
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Šamadan L, Jeličić M, Vince A, Papić N. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-A Novel Risk Factor for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10070780. [PMID: 34198964 PMCID: PMC8300633 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections (rCDI) have a substantial impact on healthcare systems, with limited and often expensive therapeutic options. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects about 25% of the adult population and is associated with metabolic syndrome, changes in gut microbiome and bile acids biosynthesis, all possibly related with rCDI. The aim of this study was to determine whether NAFLD is a risk factor associated with rCDI. A retrospective cohort study included patients ≥ 60 years hospitalized with CDI. The cohort was divided into two groups: those who were and were not readmitted with CDI within 3 months of discharge. Of the 329 patients included, 107 patients (32.5%) experienced rCDI. Patients with rCDI were older, had higher Charlson Age-Comorbidity Index (CACI) and were more frequently hospitalized within 3 months. Except for chronic kidney disease and NAFLD, which were more frequent in the rCDI group, there were no differences in other comorbidities, antibiotic classes used and duration of antimicrobial therapy. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that age >75 years, NAFLD, CACI >6, chronic kidney disease, statins and immobility were associated with rCDI. In conclusion, our study identified NAFLD as a possible new host-related risk factor associated with rCDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Šamadan
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.Š.); (A.V.)
| | - Mia Jeličić
- University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Adriana Vince
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.Š.); (A.V.)
- University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Neven Papić
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.Š.); (A.V.)
- University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence:
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4
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Czepiel J, Krutova M, Mizrahi A, Khanafer N, Enoch DA, Patyi M, Deptuła A, Agodi A, Nuvials X, Pituch H, Wójcik-Bugajska M, Filipczak-Bryniarska I, Brzozowski B, Krzanowski M, Konturek K, Fedewicz M, Michalak M, Monpierre L, Vanhems P, Gouliouris T, Jurczyszyn A, Goldman-Mazur S, Wultańska D, Kuijper EJ, Skupień J, Biesiada G, Garlicki A. Mortality Following Clostridioides difficile Infection in Europe: A Retrospective Multicenter Case-Control Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10030299. [PMID: 33805755 PMCID: PMC7998379 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to describe the clinical presentation, treatment, outcome and report on factors associated with mortality over a 90-day period in Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate regression analyses were performed on data collected in a retrospective case-control study conducted in nine hospitals from seven European countries. A total of 624 patients were included, of which 415 were deceased (cases) and 209 were still alive 90 days after a CDI diagnosis (controls). The most common antibiotics used previously in both groups were β-lactams; previous exposure to fluoroquinolones was significantly (p = 0.0004) greater in deceased patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the factors independently related with death during CDI were older age, inadequate CDI therapy, cachexia, malignancy, Charlson Index, long-term care, elevated white blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), bacteraemia, complications, and cognitive impairment. In addition, older age, higher levels of WBC, neutrophil, CRP or creatinine, the presence of malignancy, cognitive impairment, and complications were strongly correlated with shortening the time from CDI diagnosis to death. CDI prevention should be primarily focused on hospitalised elderly people receiving antibiotics. WBC, neutrophil count, CRP, creatinine, albumin and lactate levels should be tested in every hospitalised patient treated for CDI to assess the risk of a fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Czepiel
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-124002022/17
| | - Marcela Krutova
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic; or
- ESCMID Study Group for Clostridioides Difficile (ESGCD), 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.); (N.K.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.)
| | - Assaf Mizrahi
- ESCMID Study Group for Clostridioides Difficile (ESGCD), 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.); (N.K.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.)
- Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, 75014 Paris, France;
- Institut Micalis UMR 1319, Université Paris-Saclay, INRAe, AgroParisTech, 92290 Châtenay Malabry, France
| | - Nagham Khanafer
- ESCMID Study Group for Clostridioides Difficile (ESGCD), 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.); (N.K.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.)
- Unité d’Hygiène, Epidémiologie et Prévention, Groupement Hospitalier Centre, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France;
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Public Health, Epidemiology and Evolutionary Ecology of Infectious Diseases (PHE3ID), Université de Lyon, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - David A. Enoch
- Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Public Health England, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (D.A.E.); (T.G.)
| | - Márta Patyi
- Hygienic Department, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Bács-Kiskun, Hungary;
| | - Aleksander Deptuła
- Department of Propaedeutics of Medicine and Infection Prevention, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Antonella Agodi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Xavier Nuvials
- Critical Care Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), SODIR Group, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Hanna Pituch
- ESCMID Study Group for Clostridioides Difficile (ESGCD), 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.); (N.K.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Wójcik-Bugajska
- Department of Internal and Geriatric Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Iwona Filipczak-Bryniarska
- Department of Pain Treatment and Palliative Care, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Bartosz Brzozowski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Marcin Krzanowski
- Department of Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | | | | | | | - Lorra Monpierre
- Service de Microbiologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph, 75014 Paris, France;
| | - Philippe Vanhems
- Unité d’Hygiène, Epidémiologie et Prévention, Groupement Hospitalier Centre, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France;
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Public Health, Epidemiology and Evolutionary Ecology of Infectious Diseases (PHE3ID), Université de Lyon, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Theodore Gouliouris
- Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Public Health England, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (D.A.E.); (T.G.)
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (A.J.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Sarah Goldman-Mazur
- Department of Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (A.J.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Dorota Wultańska
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ed J. Kuijper
- ESCMID Study Group for Clostridioides Difficile (ESGCD), 4001 Basel, Switzerland; (A.M.); (N.K.); (H.P.); (E.J.K.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands
- Centre for Infectious Diseases Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory, Surveillance, Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, 2333 Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Skupień
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Biesiada
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Aleksander Garlicki
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (G.B.); (A.G.)
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López-de-Andrés A, Albaladejo-Vicente R, Palacios-Ceña D, Carabantes-Alarcon D, Zamorano-Leon JJ, de Miguel-Diez J, Lopez-Herranz M, Jiménez-García R. Time Trends in Spain from 2001 to 2018 in the Incidence and Outcomes of Hospitalization for Urinary Tract Infections in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249427. [PMID: 33339194 PMCID: PMC7765668 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We aim to examine the incidences, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital outcomes of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients hospitalized with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Spain and to identify the factors associated with in-hospital mortality (IHM). A retrospective observational study was carried out with a sample that included all adult patients who were hospitalized for UTIs between 2001 and 2018 and collected in the Spanish National Health System Hospital Discharge Database. We identified 850,276 patients with UTIs (25.49% with T2DM). The incidence of UTIs increased in patients with and without diabetes from 290.76 and 74.79 cases per 100,000 inhabitants in the period from year 2001 to year 2003 to 568.45 and 144.0 in the period from 2016 to 2018, respectively (p < 0.001). Adjusted incidence of UTIs was higher in T2DM patients (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 4.36; 95% CI 4.35–4.39). The multivariable analysis showed a significant reduction in the IHM over time for men and women with T2DM. In T2DM, patients’ higher IHM was associated with older age, comorbidities, and Staphylococcus aureus isolation. Women with T2DM had a higher risk of dying than men. The risk of IHM with an episode of UTIs was independent of the presence of T2DM (odds ratio (OR) 0.97; 95% CI 0.91–1.01). We conclude that the incidence of UTIs was over four times higher in T2DM than nondiabetic patients and has increased over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-de-Andrés
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-d.-A.); (D.C.-A.); (J.J.Z.-L.); (R.J.-G.)
| | - Romana Albaladejo-Vicente
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-d.-A.); (D.C.-A.); (J.J.Z.-L.); (R.J.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Carabantes-Alarcon
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-d.-A.); (D.C.-A.); (J.J.Z.-L.); (R.J.-G.)
| | - José Javier Zamorano-Leon
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-d.-A.); (D.C.-A.); (J.J.Z.-L.); (R.J.-G.)
| | - Javier de Miguel-Diez
- Respiratory Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28009 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Lopez-Herranz
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rodrigo Jiménez-García
- Department of Public Health & Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.L.-d.-A.); (D.C.-A.); (J.J.Z.-L.); (R.J.-G.)
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Heart Failure Is a Risk Factor for Suffering and Dying of Clostridium difficile Infection. Results of a 15-Year Nationwide Study in Spain. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030614. [PMID: 32106444 PMCID: PMC7141109 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We aimed to (1) analyze time trends in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients suffering Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI); (2) compare clinical characteristics of CDI patients between those with HF and matched non-HF patients; and (3) identify predictors of in-hospital mortality (IHM) among HF patients suffering CDI. Methods: Retrospective study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database from 2001 to 2015. Patients of age ≥40 years with CDI were included. For each HF patient, we selected a year, age, sex, and readmission status-matched non-HF patient. Results: We found 44,695 patients hospitalized with CDI (15.46% with HF). HF patients had a higher incidence of CDI (202.05 vs. 145.09 per 100,000 hospitalizations) than patients without HF (adjusted IRR 1.35; 95% CI 1.31–1.40). IHM was significantly higher in patients with HF when CDI was coded as primary (18.39% vs. 7.63%; p < 0.001) and secondary diagnosis (21.12% vs. 14.76%; p < 0.001). Among HF patient’s predictor of IHM were older age (OR 8.80; 95% CI 2.55–20.33 for ≥85 years old), those with more comorbidities (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.12–2.53 for those with Charlson Comorbidity index ≥2), and in those with severe CDI (OR 6.19; 95% CI 3.80–10.02). Conclusions: This research showed that incidence of CDI was higher in HF than non-HF patients. HF is a risk factor for IHM after suffering CDI.
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Yu X, Wu Z, Song Z, Zhang H, Zhan J, Yu H, Huang H, Yang B, Xie L, Dai X, Zhao W, Yu J, Wu L. Single-Anastomosis Duodenal Jejunal Bypass Improve Glucose Metabolism by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Goto-Kakisaki Rats. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:273. [PMID: 32153548 PMCID: PMC7047167 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, bariatric surgery has emerged as a promising treatment for type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery is known to cause alterations in the relative abundance and composition of gut microbiota, which may lead to alterations in the levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) that are produced during fermentation by gut microbes. However, little is known about the mechanism of improved glucose metabolism mediated by gut microbiota following bariatric surgery. The aim of our study was to explore whether changes in gut microbiota and in fecal SCFA could be detected following single-anastomosis duodenal jejunal bypass (DJB-sa) surgery, a type of bariatric surgery, and whether these alterations might be related to the improvement of glucose metabolism. To this end, we performed DJB-sa or SHAM surgery on Goto-Kakisaki (GK) rats. We then compared the glucose metabolism as well as changes in gut microbiota and SCFAs levels between both groups. Our results showed that DJB-sa surgery was associated with a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose (FBG), intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and fasting serum insulin (FSI). And, DJB-sa led to a change in the composition of gut microbiota including an increase in the relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria (Bifidobacterium and Subdoligranulum). Moreover, the levels of six SCFAs in feces, as well as the intestinal expression of SCFA receptors including G-protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41), G-protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), and G-protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A), and the expression of Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) displayed a significant increase following DJB-sa compared with the Sham group. Thus, the gut microbiota may contribute to the improvement of glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes following DJB-sa. In conclusion, our study shows that DJB-sa improves glucose metabolism by modulating gut microbiota and by increasing short-chain fatty acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangwei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigao Song
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Department of Medical Experimental, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfang Zhan
- Health Management Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, UDM Medical Group, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Metabolic Surgery, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baolin Yang
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, UDM Medical Group, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Metabolic Surgery, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lang Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiang Dai
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, UDM Medical Group, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Metabolic Surgery, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Zhao
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, UDM Medical Group, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Metabolic Surgery, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlong Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangping Wu
- Department of Metabolic Surgery, UDM Medical Group, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Metabolic Surgery, Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Citrome L. International Journal of Clinical Practice: What was hot in 2018? Int J Clin Pract 2019; 73:e13298. [PMID: 30484937 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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