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Yu HW, Kuan CH, Tseng LW, Chen HY, Tsai MY, Chen YS. Investigation of the Correlation between Enterovirus Infection and the Climate Factor Complex Including the Ping-Year Factor and El Niño-Southern Oscillation in Taiwan. Viruses 2024; 16:471. [PMID: 38543836 PMCID: PMC10975746 DOI: 10.3390/v16030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus infection and enterovirus infection with severe complications (EVSC) are critical issues in several aspects. However, there is no suitable predictive tool for these infections. A climate factor complex (CFC) containing several climate factors could provide more effective predictions. The ping-year factor (PYF) and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are possible CFCs. This study aimed to determine the relationship between these two CFCs and the incidence of enterovirus infection. Children aged 15 years and younger with enterovirus infection and/or EVSC were enrolled between 2007 and 2022. Each year was categorized into a ping-year or non-ping-year according to the PYF. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between the PYF, ENSO, and the incidence of enterovirus infection. Compared to the ping-year group, the incidence rate of enterovirus infection, the incidence rate of EVSC, and the ratio of EVSC in the non-ping-year group were 1.24, 3.38, and 2.73 times higher, respectively (p < 0.001). For every one-unit increase in La Niña, the incidence rate of enterovirus infection decreased to 0.96 times (p < 0.001). Our study indicated that CFCs could be potential predictors for enterovirus infection, and the PYF was more suitable than ENSO. Further research is needed to improve the predictive model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Wen Yu
- Department of Chinese Acupuncture and Traumatology, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan; (H.-W.Y.); (C.-H.K.); (L.-W.T.)
- Taiwan Huangdi-Neijing Medical Practice Association (THMPA), Taoyuan City 330032, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsuan Kuan
- Department of Chinese Acupuncture and Traumatology, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan; (H.-W.Y.); (C.-H.K.); (L.-W.T.)
- Taiwan Huangdi-Neijing Medical Practice Association (THMPA), Taoyuan City 330032, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Wei Tseng
- Department of Chinese Acupuncture and Traumatology, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan; (H.-W.Y.); (C.-H.K.); (L.-W.T.)
- Taiwan Huangdi-Neijing Medical Practice Association (THMPA), Taoyuan City 330032, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan;
| | - Meg-Yen Tsai
- Pingzhen Fengze Chinese Medicine Clinic, No. 65, Sec. 2, Yanping Rd., Pingzhen Dist., Taoyuan City 324005, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- Department of Chinese Acupuncture and Traumatology, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 123, Dinghu Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333423, Taiwan; (H.-W.Y.); (C.-H.K.); (L.-W.T.)
- Taiwan Huangdi-Neijing Medical Practice Association (THMPA), Taoyuan City 330032, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Gueishan Dist., Taoyuan City 333323, Taiwan
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Mora C, McKenzie T, Gaw IM, Dean JM, von Hammerstein H, Knudson TA, Setter RO, Smith CZ, Webster KM, Patz JA, Franklin EC. Over half of known human pathogenic diseases can be aggravated by climate change. NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE 2022; 12:869-875. [PMID: 35968032 PMCID: PMC9362357 DOI: 10.1038/s41558-022-01426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
It is relatively well accepted that climate change can affect human pathogenic diseases; however, the full extent of this risk remains poorly quantified. Here we carried out a systematic search for empirical examples about the impacts of ten climatic hazards sensitive to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on each known human pathogenic disease. We found that 58% (that is, 218 out of 375) of infectious diseases confronted by humanity worldwide have been at some point aggravated by climatic hazards; 16% were at times diminished. Empirical cases revealed 1,006 unique pathways in which climatic hazards, via different transmission types, led to pathogenic diseases. The human pathogenic diseases and transmission pathways aggravated by climatic hazards are too numerous for comprehensive societal adaptations, highlighting the urgent need to work at the source of the problem: reducing GHG emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Mora
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Tristan McKenzie
- Department of Earth Sciences, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabella M. Gaw
- Marine Biology Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Dean
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Hannah von Hammerstein
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Tabatha A. Knudson
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Renee O. Setter
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Charlotte Z. Smith
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Kira M. Webster
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
| | - Jonathan A. Patz
- Nelson Institute & Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Erik C. Franklin
- Department of Geography and Environment, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI USA
- Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa, Kaneohe, HI USA
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Debe Worku E, Asemahagn MA, Endalifer ML. Determinants of scabies outbreak in Takusa district of Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. J Public Health Afr 2020; 11:1325. [PMID: 33623653 PMCID: PMC7893313 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2020.1325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human scabies is a highly contagious human dermatitis disease. As indicated by the national and regional reports, the epidemic of scabies became a major public health problem in Ethiopia since 2015. Objective To identify the determinant factors of scabies outbreak in Takusa district, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017. Methods A community based unmatched case-control study among 188 participants (63 cases and 125 controls) was conducted in Takusa district from September to October 2017. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was computed using SPSS version 22 to identify factors associated with scabies. Odds ratio at 95% CI and p-value less than 0.05 were used to describe the strength of the association and statistical significance. Results The median age of cases was 20 years (ranges1-61). Presence of person with itching in the family (AOR=7.7, 95% CI:1.9-30.5), sleeping with scabies patient (AOR=3.99, 95% CI:1.37-11.7), travel to scabies epidemic area in the last six weeks (AOR=3.79, 95%CI:1.28-11.1) and infrequent use of detergent for showering (AOR=4.85; 95% CI: 1.3-17.9)) were found to be determinant factors of scabies outbreak. Conclusion Frequent contact with people who develop scabies at home, not using detergents for washing, and mobility of people from non-epidemic to the epidemic areas were determinant factors. Giving special emphasis on regular awareness creation to the rural community is important to prevent scabies outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsehiwot Debe Worku
- Public health emergency management officer, North Showa Zone, Amhara Regional Health Bureau
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Báez JC, Olivero J, Salazar-Aravena LE, Suazo-Galdames IC. Effects of atmospheric oscillations on infectious diseases: the case of Chagas disease in Chile. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2019; 114:e180569. [PMID: 31166479 PMCID: PMC6548492 DOI: 10.1590/0074-02760180569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there is an increasing global interest for the study of how
infectious diseases could be linked to climate and weather variability. The
Chagas disease was described in 1909 by Carlos Chagas, and is caused by the
flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. The Chagas disease
is considered one of the biggest concerns in public health in Latin America.
In Chile, the main vectors involved in the transmission of T.
cruzi are arthropods of the Triatominae subfamily. Moreover,
another main transmission way is through of vectors by fecal-urine way,
however, oral way also has been described among others transmission
form. OBJECTIVES In order to get understand outbreaks of Chagas-disease, we search for
possible relationships between the frequency of cases in the Chilean
population and atmospheric oscillations. METHODS We explored the two most important atmospheric oscillations in the Southern
Hemisphere: southern oscillation index (SOI) and Antarctic oscillation
(AAO), during the available years with official data. Because the number of
migrant people born outside from Chile increasing significantively between
2014 and 2018, we used for the analysis two different periods from data
available official data: (i) 2001 to 2014, (ii) 2001 to 2017. FINDINGS For both periods we observed a significant and positive relation between AAO
one year before. However, for the 2001 to 2014 period positive SOI one year
before, which is related with La Niña phases, was the more important
variable. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The Chagas disease frequency per year in Chile was found to depend mainly on
SOI in previous year, whose values can be determined one year in advance.
Therefore, it is possible to partially forecast annual frequency patterns.
This could have important applications in public health strategies and for
allocating resources for the management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Báez
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jesús Olivero
- Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Animal, Málaga, Spain
| | - Lorena E Salazar-Aravena
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván C Suazo-Galdames
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Santiago, Chile
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Enbiale W, Ayalew A. Investigation of a Scabies Outbreak in Drought-Affected Areas in Ethiopia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2018; 3:tropicalmed3040114. [PMID: 30380650 PMCID: PMC6306922 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed3040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of the severe drought in Ethiopia, attributed to El Niño weather conditions, has led to high levels of malnutrition that have, in turn, increased the potential for disease outbreaks. In 2015, Ethiopia faced a scabies outbreak in drought-affected areas where there was a shortage of safe water for drinking and personal hygiene. Following a house-to-house census to assess the prevalence of scabies, a detailed study was conducted looking at the disease burden. Following the outbreak report, training was provided on scabies identification and management for zonal and district health officials from administrative districts affected by the drought (nutritional hot-spot woredas). The training was cascaded down to the health extension workers in the affected areas. Screening and management guidelines and protocols were also distributed. House-to-house data collection was undertaken by 450 health extension workers (HEWs) to assess the prevalence of scabies. The HEWs used a simplified reporting tool. Subsequently, data were collected and validated in two zones and six woredas from 474 participants who had been diagnosed with scabies using a standardized questionnaire. This was designed to look at the specificity of the diagnosis of scabies, age distribution, severity, duration of illness, secondary infection and other sociodemographic variables as preparation for mass drug administration (MDA). The HEWs screened 1,125,770 people in the 68 districts in Amhara Region and a total of 379,000 confirmed cases of scabies was identified. The prevalence in the different districts ranged from 2% to 67% and the median was 33.5% [interquartile range (IQR) 19⁻48%]. 49% of cases were school-aged children. The detailed study of 474 individuals who were recorded as scabies cases revealed that the specificity of the diagnosis of scabies by the HEWs was 98.3%. The mean duration of illness was 5 months (SD of ± 2.8). One third of patients were recorded as having severe illness, 75.1% of cases had affected family members, and 30% of affected children were noted to have secondary bacterial infection. Eleven percent of the students had discontinued school due to scabies or/and drought and 85% of these had secondary bacterial infection. These community-based data serve as reliable proxy indicators for community-based burden assessment of the scabies epidemic. This study will also provide a good basis for advocating the use of a community-level clinical diagnostic scheme for scabies using an algorithm with a simple combination of signs and symptoms in resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendemagegn Enbiale
- Dermatology and Venerology, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 1996, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
| | - Ashenafi Ayalew
- Amhara Regional Health Bureau, P.O. Box 744, Amhara, Ethiopia.
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