Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people's experiences of nursing health care: An emancipatory nursing practice integrative review

Prejudice against the older LGBTQIA+ population in Long-Term Care Facilities (LTC): a scoping review

Among older people, LGBTQIA+ persons represent one of the groups most likely to depend on formal care services because of socio-economic vulnerability. However, the prejudice rooted in society, including health and social care professionals, result in a cis-heteronormative model of care delivery in Long-Term Care Facilities for older persons (LTC). The aim of this article is to investigate, describe and analyse the scientific production on prejudice against the older LGBTQIA+ population in LTC. Scoping review based on searches in the following databases: AgeLine, Portal de Periódicos CAPES, SciELO, Portal USP and HeinOnline. No time limit was set. Of the initial 642 articles, 31 were selected to comprise the sample. Four categories and 11 subcategories were identified. These covered agents, causes, effects, and solutions found in the research. The lack of preparation of the LTC staff and the history of prejudice during life leads the LGBTQIA+ community to fear institutionalisation, when the desire is to have a friendly or exclusive environment. Training of LTC staff is essential, in addition to the need to create legislation to protect this population based on local surveys.

Perceptions and experiences of sexual violence among Chinese men who have sex with men in Hong Kong

AIM

This study aimed to understand the perceptions and experiences of sexual violence among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM) in Hong Kong.

DESIGN

The study adopted a qualitative descriptive design with thematic analysis.

METHODS

Thirty-one Chinese MSM were recruited in Hong Kong from May to June 2019 using purposive sampling. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants. The interview data were transcribed verbatim from the recordings and analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.

RESULTS

Four themes were identified: (1) different forms of sexual violence, from physical to virtual; (2) inner struggles with fears and worry; (3) low awareness and perceived risk of sexual violence - 'it has nothing to do with me' and (4) dilemma towards sexual violence prevention.

CONCLUSION

The study provided qualitative evidence regarding the experiences and perceptions of sexual violence among Chinese MSM in Hong Kong. Physical and image-based forms of sexual violence were identified, which led the participants to experience psychological distress, fear of contracting human immunodeficiency virus/other sexually transmitted infections, notoriety within the gay community, and discrimination and stigmatization within their family and workplace. To reduce the risk of sexual violence, some participants were cautious about the venue in which they engaged in sex and the habit of sharing sexually explicit photos with others. However, some participants had low awareness and perceived risk of sexual violence.

IMPACTS

This study was the first to fill the research gap on sexual violence issues among Chinese MSM using dating apps in Hong Kong. The qualitative findings enhanced the scholarly understanding of Chinese MSM's perceptions and experiences of sexual violence. The study findings can help nursing staff and other healthcare professionals to develop tailored primary, secondary and tertiary sexual violence prevention programmes for MSM or beyond.

Attitudes toward, knowledge of, and beliefs regarding providing care to LGBT patients among student nurses, nurses, and nursing educators: A cross-sectional survey

BACKGROUND

Studies have assessed attitudes toward, knowledge of, and beliefs regarding providing care for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) patients among student nurses, nurses, and nursing educators individually, but few studies have compared these aspects among these groups.

OBJECTIVES

To examine the attitudes toward, knowledge of, and beliefs regarding providing care for LGBT patients among student nurses, nurses, and nursing educators in Taiwan.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional survey.

SETTINGS

The study was advertised in 8 nursing schools, 14 nursing associations, 209 nursing homes, and 2 online chatrooms in Taiwan.

PARTICIPANTS

A total of 1150 participants were recruited: 447 student nurses, 475 nurses, and 228 nursing educators.

METHODS

Data were collected between August 2021 and January 2022 through a questionnaire with five sections: demographics, knowledge of LGBT health, the Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire, the Attitude Toward Lesbian and Gay Men Scale, and the Gay Affirmative Practice Scale.

RESULTS

The results suggest that the participants had limited knowledge of LGBT health. The nursing educators had the lowest scores for knowledge of LGBT health and homosexuality and the most negative attitudes toward lesbians and gay men among the groups; however, they were most likely to report their beliefs regarding providing nursing care to LGBT patients than the other two groups.

CONCLUSIONS

The results indicate the importance of providing nursing educators with training courses and resources related to culturally competent care to improve education for nursing students and care for LGBT patients.

Attitudes toward Homosexuality among Nurses in Taiwan: Effects of Survey Year and Sociodemographic Characteristics

This study aimed to compare the level of attitudes toward homosexuality among nurses in Taiwan between 2005 and 2017 and with various demographic characteristics, as well as the roles of demographic characteristics in the changing trend of attitudes toward homosexuality between 2005 and 2017. This survey study recruited nurses from three hospitals in 2005 (Survey 2005, N = 1176) and 2017 (Survey 2017, N = 1519). Participants’ four dimensions of attitudes toward homosexuality, including condemnation, immorality, avoiding contact, and stereotypes, were assessed using the Taiwanese version of the Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Questionnaire. The results demonstrated that nurses in 2017 exhibited lower levels of avoiding contact with lesbian and gay patients and stereotypes toward homosexuality but higher levels of condemnation of gay and lesbian individuals and perceptions of gay and lesbian individuals as immoral than did nurses in 2005. Age moderated changes in some dimensions of attitudes toward homosexuality from 2005 to 2017. The need to develop training programs aimed at improving not only the quality of nursing skills but also their negative attitudes regarding homosexuality is urgent.

The needs of LGBTI+ people within student nurse education programmes: A new conceptualisation

There is a growing body of international research evidence highlighting concerns around social exclusion and discrimination, significant health inequalities and health needs, and barriers to accessing effective healthcare for LGBTI + people. However, ways in which the healthcare needs of LGBTI + people can be addressed in student nurse education programmes have yet to be fully explored. The aim of this discussion paper is to present the evidence to support the inclusion of LGBTI + health throughout the nursing curriculum. A new conceptualisation of the full and effective integration of LGBTI + health content across and within the nursing curriculum is proposed. This can be achieved by further developing theory, skills simulation and practice learning opportunities. There is a need to ensure that nursing students are positioned and adequately prepared to effectively address concerns of social justice, reducing health inequalities, and providing responsive person-centred care for LGBTI + health service users.

How healthcare professionals can support older LGBTQ+ people living with dementia

Older lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer and others (LGBTQ+) people living with dementia have specific needs related to their sexual orientation and identity that should be addressed to maintain their personhood. They may face challenges in health and social care settings, such as heteronormativity and lack of awareness of older LGBTQ+ needs. Service provision for older LGBTQ+ people with dementia is lacking. Healthcare professionals' attitudes towards older LGBTQ+ people with dementia are often poor and there is a clear need for better training, while increased knowledge and awareness would help to challenge the concept of heteronormativity. This article explores some of the needs of older LGBTQ+ people with dementia, the role of legislation and regulation and how healthcare professionals can provide support.

Intention to care for gay and lesbian patients and knowledge about homosexuality: A comparison of Taiwanese nurses in 2005 and in 2017

OBJECTIVE

To examine the differences in the levels of intention to care for gay and lesbian patients and knowledge regarding homosexuality among Taiwanese nurses between 2005 and 2017 and the moderators of these differences.

DESIGN AND SAMPLE

This two-wave survey study was conducted on nurses in 2005 (N = 1,176; Survey 2005) and 2017 (N = 1,519; Survey 2017) recruited from three hospitals.

MEASUREMENTS

An anonymous self-report questionnaire was used.

RESULTS

In Survey 2017, the nurses expressed both a higher intention to care for gay and lesbian patients and degree of knowledge regarding homosexuality than did those in Survey 2005. The experience of providing care for gay or lesbian patients moderated the association between the time of the survey and intention to care for gay and lesbian patients. Moreover, having gay or lesbian friends or relatives moderated the association between the time of the survey and knowledge about homosexuality.

CONCLUSIONS

Nurses' intention to care for gay and lesbian patients and knowledge regarding homosexuality in Taiwan significantly increased from 2005 to 2017. The experience of providing care for gay and lesbian patients and having gay or lesbian friends or relatives moderated the increase of nurses' intention to care and knowledge.