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Harnois-Leblanc S, Van Hulst A, Lucibello KM, Harbec MJ, Sabiston CM, Maximova K, Sylvestre MP, Henderson M. Associations Between Weight-Loss Attempts, Weight-Related Stress, and Body Image During Childhood and Adolescence in Children With Parental Obesity. Child Obes 2024. [PMID: 38241489 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2023.0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Background: Few longitudinal studies have investigated the role of weight-loss attempts or weight-related stress on body image during childhood. We examined whether weight-loss attempts and weight-related stress are associated with weight misperception and body dissatisfaction across childhood and adolescence. Methods: Data were drawn from the Quebec Adipose and Lifestyle InvesTigation in Youth (QUALITY) cohort of Canadian children with parental obesity (8-10 years: n = 630; 10-12 years: n = 564; 15-17 years: n = 377). We assessed weight-loss attempts and weight-related stress at baseline and first follow-up, and perceived and desired silhouettes at first and second follow-up with questionnaires. Weight misperception consisted of the difference in BMI z-score (zBMI) from the perceived silhouette and the measured zBMI. Body dissatisfaction consisted of the discordance between perceived and desired silhouettes. We estimated multivariable mixed-effects regression models adjusting for age, sex, pubertal stage, parental BMI and education, and sport-based teasing. Results: Weight loss attempts were associated with a higher weight misperception score (ever tried, beta [95% confidence intervals; CI]: 0.13 [0.01-0.24]) and with 2.13 times higher desire to be thinner (95% CI: 1.39-3.26) at the subsequent follow-up. Similarly, children stressed by their weight had a higher misperception score (beta [95% CI]: 0.15 [0.02-0.27]) and greater desire to be thinner at the next follow-up (odds ratio [95% CI]: 1.73 [0.999-3.00]). Conclusions: Weight-loss attempts and weight-related stress in children and adolescents are associated with weight misperception and body dissatisfaction, supporting empowerment and counseling focusing on healthy eating behaviors and a positive body image. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03356262.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren Harnois-Leblanc
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andraea Van Hulst
- Ingram School of Nursing, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kristen M Lucibello
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Harbec
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Psychoeducation, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katerina Maximova
- MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Henderson
- Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Gketsios I, Foscolou A, Vassilakou T, Panagiotakos DB, Kosti RI. Parental Misperceptions of Their Offspring's Weight and Their Strategies for Child's Eating Behavior: A Narrative Review of the Recent Evidence. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9101565. [PMID: 36291501 PMCID: PMC9600609 DOI: 10.3390/children9101565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present review was to explore the effect of parental misperceptions of their offspring’s weight status during childhood and early adolescence on weight control strategies and children’s eating behavior. Literature searching was limited to the PubMed database and to the English language from January 2000 to August 2022. Eligible studies had clearly associated parental misperception of offspring’s weight with child eating habits or weight management and eating strategies in childhood to early adolescence. Sixteen studies (14 cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal and 1 with cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses) were included in the analysis. Weight loss attempts and child’s eating behavior were the main outcomes. Sixteen studies found significant associations. Parental misperceptions of their offspring’s weight status do influence their child’s weight and eating behavior, especially in overweight children. Parents tend to follow potentially harmful methods when they overestimate their children’s weight (food restriction) and when they underestimate their children’s weight (pressure to eat). However, additional longitudinal studies are needed to better understand the impact of parental weight status perception on health behaviors and children’s weight gain over time. The potential need for preventive intervention studies is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Gketsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
| | - Alexandra Foscolou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Tonia Vassilakou
- Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17671 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra 2617, Australia
| | - Rena I. Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42132 Trikala, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Buscemi S, Marventano S, Castellano S, Nolfo F, Rametta S, Giorgianni G, Matalone M, Marranzano M, Mistretta A. Role of anthropometric factors, self-perception, and diet on weight misperception among young adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Eat Weight Disord 2018; 23:107-115. [PMID: 27502108 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-016-0306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescence overweight and obesity have increased considerably, and the misperception of their weight status could reduce the efficiency of intervention programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of misperception and to assess the relationship between weight perception and anthropometric parameters, self-perception, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. METHODS A total of 1643 young adolescents (11-16 years old) were surveyed in a cross-sectional investigation during two scholastic years (period October-May of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014) in 15 secondary schools of Sicily, southern Italy. Data on demographic information, anthropometric characteristics (bioelectrical impedance), physical activity level, The Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile, weight perception, and dietary habits (KIDMED) were collected. RESULTS Misperception was found in the 27.6 % of the young adolescents, and boys were more likely to underestimate their weight status, while girls had a high percentage of overestimation. The strong association with weight misperception was with socioeconomic status, waist circumference, physical activities, and physical self-worth. Moreover, a good adherence to the Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with both overestimation and underestimation in both boys and girls. CONCLUSION These findings highlight that almost one-third of the participants had a weight misperception that was associated with several anthropometric, social, and lifestyle factors. Future intervention to prevent overweight and obesity should consider not only gender-specific differences, but also parental SES, perception, and satisfaction of body weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Buscemi
- Laboratorio di Nutrizione Clinica, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (DIBIMIS), P. Giaccone Policlinico, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Stefano Marventano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Nolfo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Rametta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Gabriele Giorgianni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Matalone
- Department of School Policies, Municipality of Catania, 95131, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Marina Marranzano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Mistretta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", Section of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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