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Fan H, Xia S, Xiang J, Li Y, Ross MO, Lim SA, Yang F, Tu J, Xie L, Dougherty U, Zhang FQ, Zheng Z, Zhang R, Wu R, Dong L, Su R, Chen X, Althaus T, Riedell PA, Jonker PB, Muir A, Lesinski GB, Rafiq S, Dhodapkar MV, Stock W, Odenike O, Patel AA, Opferman J, Tsuji T, Matsuzaki J, Shah H, Faubert B, Elf SE, Layden B, Bissonnette BM, He YY, Kline J, Mao H, Odunsi K, Gao X, Chi H, He C, Chen J. Trans-vaccenic acid reprograms CD8 + T cells and anti-tumour immunity. Nature 2023; 623:1034-1043. [PMID: 37993715 PMCID: PMC10686835 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Diet-derived nutrients are inextricably linked to human physiology by providing energy and biosynthetic building blocks and by functioning as regulatory molecules. However, the mechanisms by which circulating nutrients in the human body influence specific physiological processes remain largely unknown. Here we use a blood nutrient compound library-based screening approach to demonstrate that dietary trans-vaccenic acid (TVA) directly promotes effector CD8+ T cell function and anti-tumour immunity in vivo. TVA is the predominant form of trans-fatty acids enriched in human milk, but the human body cannot produce TVA endogenously1. Circulating TVA in humans is mainly from ruminant-derived foods including beef, lamb and dairy products such as milk and butter2,3, but only around 19% or 12% of dietary TVA is converted to rumenic acid by humans or mice, respectively4,5. Mechanistically, TVA inactivates the cell-surface receptor GPR43, an immunomodulatory G protein-coupled receptor activated by its short-chain fatty acid ligands6-8. TVA thus antagonizes the short-chain fatty acid agonists of GPR43, leading to activation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB axis for enhanced CD8+ T cell function. These findings reveal that diet-derived TVA represents a mechanism for host-extrinsic reprogramming of CD8+ T cells as opposed to the intrahost gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids. TVA thus has translational potential for the treatment of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fan
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Siyuan Xia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Southern University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junhong Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuancheng Li
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Matthew O Ross
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Seon Ah Lim
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiayi Tu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lishi Xie
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Freya Q Zhang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rukang Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Xiufen Chen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas Althaus
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter A Riedell
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick B Jonker
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Muir
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sarwish Rafiq
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Madhav V Dhodapkar
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wendy Stock
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Anand A Patel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Opferman
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Takemasa Tsuji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Junko Matsuzaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shannon E Elf
- The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Brian Layden
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Yu-Ying He
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Justin Kline
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hongbo Chi
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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2
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Zhou X, Zhu X, Zeng H. Fatty acid metabolism in adaptive immunity. FEBS J 2023; 290:584-599. [PMID: 34822226 PMCID: PMC9130345 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) not only are a key component of cellular membrane structure, but also have diverse functions in biological processes. Recent years have seen great advances in understanding of how FA metabolism contributes to adaptive immune response. Here, we review three key processes, FA biosynthesis, FA oxidation and FA uptake, and how they direct T and B cell functions during immune challenges. Then, we will focus on the relationship between microbiota derived FAs, short-chain FAs, and adaptive immunity. Along the way, we will also discuss the outstanding controversies and challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hu Zeng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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3
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Dietary fiber and SCFAs in the regulation of mucosal immunity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:361-370. [PMID: 36543697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gut bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have important effects on immune cells and the gut. SCFAs derive from the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut commensal bacteria. Insufficient fiber intake thus compromises SCFA production and, as a consequence, the host's physiology (particularly immune functions). We propose that many Western diseases, including those associated with impaired mucosal responses such as food allergy and asthma, may be affected by insufficient fiber intake and reduced SCFA levels in the gut and blood. Insufficient fiber intake is 1 alternative, or contributor, on top of the "hygiene hypothesis" to the rise of Western lifestyle diseases, and the 2 ideas need to be reconciled. The mechanisms by which SCFAs influence immunity and gut homeostasis are varied; they include stimulation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as GPR43 or GPR41; inhibition of histone deacetylases (and hence, gene transcription changes); and induction of intracellular metabolic changes. SCFAs modulate at many different levels to alter mucosal homeostasis, including changes to gut epithelial integrity, increases in regulatory T-cell numbers and function, and decreased expression of numerous inflammatory cytokines. There is scope for preventing and/or treating diseases by using diets that alter SCFA levels.
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4
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Català C, Velasco-de Andrés M, Leyton-Pereira A, Casadó-Llombart S, Sáez Moya M, Gutiérrez-Cózar R, García-Luna J, Consuegra-Fernández M, Isamat M, Aranda F, Martínez-Florensa M, Engel P, Mourglia-Ettlin G, Lozano F. CD6 deficiency impairs early immune response to bacterial sepsis. iScience 2022; 25:105078. [PMID: 36157587 PMCID: PMC9490029 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
CD6 is a lymphocyte-specific scavenger receptor expressed on adaptive (T) and innate (B1a, NK) immune cells, which is involved in both fine-tuning of lymphocyte activation/differentiation and recognition of bacterial-associated molecular patterns (i.e., lipopolysaccharide). However, evidence on CD6’s role in the physiological response to bacterial infection was missing. Our results show that induction of monobacterial and polymicrobial sepsis in Cd6−/− mice results in lower survival rates and increased bacterial loads and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Steady state analyses of Cd6−/− mice show decreased levels of natural polyreactive antibodies, concomitant with decreased cell counts of spleen B1a and marginal zone B cells. Adoptive transfer of wild-type B cells and mouse serum, as well as a polyreactive monoclonal antibody improve Cd6−/− mouse survival rates post-sepsis. These findings support a nonredundant role for CD6 in the early response against bacterial infection, through homeostatic expansion and functionality of innate-related immune cells. CD6 is a nonredundant receptor in early immune response to sepsis Cd6−/− mice show higher susceptibility to bacterial sepsis Cd6−/− mice show lower B1a and MZB cell and natural polyreactive antibody levels B cell and serum transfer restore susceptibility of Cd6−/− mice to bacterial sepsis
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Català
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Velasco-de Andrés
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra Leyton-Pereira
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Casadó-Llombart
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Sáez Moya
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Gutiérrez-Cózar
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Luna
- Área Inmunología, Facultad de Química/Facultad de Ciencias, DEPBIO/IQB, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marta Consuegra-Fernández
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Isamat
- Sepsia Therapeutics S.L., 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mario Martínez-Florensa
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Engel
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Mourglia-Ettlin
- Área Inmunología, Facultad de Química/Facultad de Ciencias, DEPBIO/IQB, Universidad de la República, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.,Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Jordan A, Carding SR, Hall LJ. The early-life gut microbiome and vaccine efficacy. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2022; 3:e787-e794. [PMID: 36088916 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(22)00185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are one of the greatest successes of public health, preventing millions of cases of disease and death in children each year. However, the efficacy of many vaccines can vary greatly between infants from geographically and socioeconomically distinct locations. Differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiome have emerged as one of the main factors that can account for variations in immunisation outcomes. In this Review, we assess the influence of the gut microbiota upon early life immunity, focusing on two important members of the microbiota with health-promoting and immunomodulatory properties: Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. Additionally, we discuss their immune stimulatory microbial properties, interactions with the host, and their effect on vaccine responses and efficacy in infants. We also provide an overview of current microbiota-based approaches to enhance vaccine outcomes, and describe novel microbe-derived components that could lead to safer, more effective vaccines and vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Jordan
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Simon R Carding
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Lindsay J Hall
- Gut Microbes & Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Intestinal Microbiome, School of Life Sciences, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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6
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Rebeaud J, Peter B, Pot C. How Microbiota-Derived Metabolites Link the Gut to the Brain during Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710128. [PMID: 36077526 PMCID: PMC9456539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota-derived metabolites are important molecules connecting the gut to the brain. Over the last decade, several studies have highlighted the importance of gut-derived metabolites in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Indeed, microbiota-derived metabolites modulate the immune system and affect demyelination. Here, we discuss the current knowledge about microbiota-derived metabolites implications in MS and in different mouse models of neuroinflammation. We focus on the main families of microbial metabolites that play a role during neuroinflammation. A better understanding of the role of those metabolites may lead to new therapeutical avenues to treat neuroinflammatory diseases targeting the gut–brain axis.
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7
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Strategies for the Identification and Assessment of Bacterial Strains with Specific Probiotic Traits. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071389. [PMID: 35889107 PMCID: PMC9323131 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Early in the 1900s, it was proposed that health could be improved and senility delayed by manipulating gut microbiota with the host-friendly bacteria found in yogurt. Later, in 1990, the medical community reconsidered this idea and today probiotics represent a developed area of research with a billion-dollar global industry. As a result, in recent decades, increased attention has been paid to the isolation and characterization of novel probiotic bacteria from fermented foods and dairy products. Most of the identified probiotic strains belong to the lactic acid bacteria group and the genus Bifidobacterium. However, current molecular-based knowledge has allowed the identification and culture of obligatory anaerobic commensal bacteria from the human gut, such as Akkermansia spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., among other human symbionts. We are aware that the identification of new strains of these species does not guarantee their probiotic effects and that each effect must be proved through in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies before clinical trials (before even considering it as a probiotic strain). In most cases, the identification and characterization of new probiotic strain candidates may lack the appropriate set of in vitro experiments allowing the next assessment steps. Here, we address some innovative strategies reported in the literature as alternatives to classical characterization: (i) identification of alternatives using whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing, metabolomics, and multi-omics analysis; and (ii) probiotic characterization based on molecular effectors and/or traits to target specific diseases (i.e., inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, allergies, among others).
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8
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Yu H, Bai S, Hao Y, Guan Y. Fatty acids role in multiple sclerosis as "metabokines". J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:157. [PMID: 35715809 PMCID: PMC9205055 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02502-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS), as an autoimmune neurological disease with both genetic and environmental contribution, still lacks effective treatment options among progressive patients, highlighting the need to re-evaluate disease innate properties in search for novel therapeutic targets. Fatty acids (FA) and MS bear an interesting intimate connection. FA and FA metabolism are highly associated with autoimmunity, as the diet-derived circulatory and tissue-resident FAs level and composition can modulate immune cells polarization, differentiation and function, suggesting their broad regulatory role as “metabokines”. In addition, FAs are indeed protective factors for blood–brain barrier integrity, crucial contributors of central nervous system (CNS) chronic inflammation and progressive degeneration, as well as important materials for remyelination. The remaining area of ambiguity requires further exploration into this arena to validate the existed phenomenon, develop novel therapies, and confirm the safety and efficacy of therapeutic intervention targeting FA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojun Yu
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Shuwei Bai
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yong Hao
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Yangtai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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9
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Dang G, Wu W, Zhang H, Everaert N. A new paradigm for a new simple chemical: butyrate & immune regulation. Food Funct 2021; 12:12181-12193. [PMID: 34752597 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02116h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play an important role in the host system. Among SCFAs, butyrate has received particular attention for its large effect on host immunity, particularly in supplying energy to enterocytes and producing immune cells. Butyrate enters the cells through the Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 8 (SLC5A8) transporters, then works as a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAC) that inhibits the activation of Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which down-regulates the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α. Meanwhile, butyrate acts as a ligand to activate G protein-coupled receptors GPR41, GPR43, and GPR109, promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory factors. Besides, it inhibits the proinflammatory factors. Further, it can also suppress the expression of chemokines and reduce inflammation to maintain host homeostasis. This paper reviews the research progress highlighting the potential function of butyrate as a factor impacting intestinal health, obesity and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Weida Wu
- Institute of Quality Standard & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Liège University, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium
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10
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Zhang W, Wang W, Xu M, Xie H, Pu Z. GPR43 regulation of mitochondrial damage to alleviate inflammatory reaction in sepsis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22588-22610. [PMID: 34584017 PMCID: PMC8507289 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a common critical illness in ICU and always a great difficulty in clinical treatment. GPR43 (G protein-coupled receptor 43) participates in regulating appetite and gastrointestinal peptide secretion to modulate fat decomposition and formation. However, the biological contribution of GPR43 on inflammation of sepsis has not been previously investigated. We investigated the mechanisms of GPR43 gene, which plays a possible role in distinguishing sepsis and contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, we performed studies with mice induced to sepsis by Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP), Knockout GPR43 (GPR43-/-) mice, and Wild Type (WT) mice induced with CLP. In addition, lung tissues and cell samples were analyzed by histology, Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Q-PCR), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent (ELISA) Assay, and western blot. GPR43 agonist could significantly reduce inflammation reactions and trigger lung injury in mice with sepsis. As for GPR43-/- mice, the risks of sepsis-induced inflammatory reactions and corresponding lung injury were promoted. On the one hand, the up-regulation of GPR43 gene reduced ROS mitochondrial damage to inhibit inflammatory reactions via the inactivation of NLRP3 Inflammasome by PPARγ/ Nox1/EBP50/ p47phox signal channel. On the other hand, the down-regulation of GPR43 promoted inflammatory reactions in vitro model through the acceleration of ROS-dependently mitochondrial damage by PPARγ/ Nox1/EBP50/ p47phox/ NLRP3 signal channel. These findings indicate that the inhibition of GPR43 as a possible important factor of sepsis may shed lights on the mechanism of sepsis-induced inflammation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Wusan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Maodi Xu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhichen Pu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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