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Boyne C, Coote A, Synowsky S, Naden A, Shirran S, Powis SJ. Characterising the HLA-I immunopeptidome of plasma-derived extracellular vesicles in patients with melanoma. JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 3:e146. [PMID: 38939414 PMCID: PMC11080910 DOI: 10.1002/jex2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) frequently express human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules. The immunopeptidomes presented on EV HLA-I are being mapped to provide key information on both specific cancer-related peptides, and for larger immunopeptidomic signatures associated with disease. Utilizing HLA-I immunoisolation and mass spectrometry, we characterised the HLA-I immunopeptidome of EVs derived from the melanoma cancer cell line, ESTDAB-026, and the plasma of 12 patients diagnosed with advanced stage melanoma, alongside 11 healthy controls. The EV HLA-I immunopeptidome derived from melanoma cells features T cell epitopes with known immunogenicity and peptides derived from known tumour associated antigens (TAAs). Both T cell epitopes with known immunogenicity and peptides derived from known TAAs were also identifiable in the melanoma patient samples. Patient stratification into two distinct groups with varying immunological profiles was also observed. The data obtained in this study suggests for the first time that the HLA-I immunopeptidome of EVs derived from blood may aid in the detection of important diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers and also provide new immunotherapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Boyne
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Abigail Coote
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Silvia Synowsky
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Aaron Naden
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Sally Shirran
- School of BiologyUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
| | - Simon J. Powis
- School of MedicineUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
- Biological Sciences Research ComplexUniversity of St AndrewsFifeScotland
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2
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Yu L, Zhou A, Jia J, Wang J, Ji X, Deng Y, Lin X, Wang F. Immunoactivity of a hybrid membrane biosurface on nanoparticles: enhancing interactions with dendritic cells to augment anti-tumor immune responses. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1016-1030. [PMID: 38206081 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01628e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Nano-biointerfaces play a pivotal role in determining the functionality of engineered therapeutic nanoparticles, particularly in the context of designing nanovaccines to effectively activate immune cells for cancer immunotherapy. Unlike involving chemical reactions by conventional surface decorating strategies, cell membrane-coating technology offers a straightforward approach to endow nanoparticles with natural biosurfaces, enabling them to mimic and integrate into the intricate biosystems of the body to interact with specific cells under physiological conditions. In this study, cell membranes, in a hybrid formulation, derived from cancer and activated macrophage cells were found to enhance the interaction of nanoparticles (HMP) with dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells among the mixed immune cells from lymph nodes (LNs), which could be leveraged in the development of nanovaccines for anti-tumor therapy. After loading with an adjuvant (R837), the nanoparticles coated with a hybrid membrane (HMPR) demonstrated effectiveness in priming DCs both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in amplified anti-tumor immune responses compared to those of nanoparticles coated with a single type of membrane or those lacking a membrane coating. The elevated immunoactivity of nanoparticles achieved by incorporating a hybrid membrane biosurface provides us a more profound comprehension of the nano-immune interaction, which may significantly benefit the development of bioactive nanomaterials for advanced therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Ao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Jingyan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Jieting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xueyang Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yu Deng
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Xinhua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nanomedical Technology (Education Department of Fujian Province), Nanomedical Technology Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Aloi N, Drago G, Ruggieri S, Cibella F, Colombo P, Longo V. Extracellular Vesicles and Immunity: At the Crossroads of Cell Communication. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1205. [PMID: 38256278 PMCID: PMC10816988 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising exosomes and microvesicles, are small membranous structures secreted by nearly all cell types. They have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication, playing pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, notably within the realm of immunity. These roles go beyond mere cellular interactions, as extracellular vesicles stand as versatile and dynamic components of immune regulation, impacting both innate and adaptive immunity. Their multifaceted involvement includes immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and immunomodulation, emphasising their significance in maintaining immune homeostasis and contributing to the pathogenesis of immune-related disorders. Extracellular vesicles participate in immunomodulation by delivering a wide array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thereby influencing gene expression in target cells. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms through which EVs modulate human immunity. Understanding the intricate interplay between extracellular vesicles and immunity is imperative for unveiling novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools applicable to various immunological disorders, including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. Furthermore, recognising the potential of EVs as versatile drug delivery vehicles holds significant promise for the future of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy (IRIB-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy; (N.A.); (G.D.); (S.R.); (F.C.); (V.L.)
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He J, Li H, Mai J, Ke Y, Zhai C, Li JJ, Jiang L, Shen G, Ding X. Profiling extracellular vesicle surface proteins with 10 µL peripheral plasma within 4 h. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12364. [PMID: 37654045 PMCID: PMC10471920 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV) surface proteins, expressed by primary tumours, are important biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis. However, the detection of these EV proteins is complicated by their low abundance and interference from non-EV components in clinical samples. Herein, we present a MEmbrane-Specific Separation and two-step Cascade AmpLificatioN (MESS2CAN) strategy for direct detection of EV surface proteins within 4 h. MESS2CAN utilises novel lipid probes (long chains linked by PEG2K with biotin at one end, and DSPE at the other end) and streptavidin-coated magnetic beads, permitting a 49.6% EV recovery rate within 1 h. A dual amplification strategy with a primer exchange reaction (PER) cascaded by the Cas12a system then allows sensitive detection of the target protein at 10 EV particles per microliter. Using 4 cell lines and 90 clinical test samples, we demonstrate MESS2CAN for analysing HER2, EpCAM and EGFR expression on EVs derived from cells and patient plasma. MESS2CAN reports the desired specificity and sensitivity of EGFR (AUC = 0.98) and of HER2 (AUC = 1) for discriminating between HER2-positive breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer and healthy donors. MESS2CAN is a pioneering method for highly sensitive in vitro EV diagnostics, applicable to clinical samples with trace amounts of EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hengyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid SurgeryChanghai Hospital, Naval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - John Mai
- Alfred E. Mann Institute for Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yuqing Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chunhui Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ITUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guangxia Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xianting Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit School of Medicine and School of Biomedical EngineeringXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Suman S, Markovic SN. Melanoma-derived mediators can foster the premetastatic niche: crossroad to lymphatic metastasis. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:724-743. [PMID: 37573226 PMCID: PMC10528107 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The natural history of advanced malignant melanoma demonstrates that, in most cases, widespread tumor dissemination is preceded by regional metastases involving tumor-draining lymph nodes [sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs)]. Under physiological conditions, LNs play a central role in immunosurveillance to non-self-antigens to which they are exposed via afferent lymph. The dysfunctional immunity in SLNs is mediated by tumor secretory factors that allow the survival of metastatic melanoma cells within the LN by creating a premetastatic niche (PMN). Recent studies outline the altered microenvironment of LNs shaped by melanoma mediators. Here, we discuss tumor secretory factors involved in subverting tumor immunity and remodeling LNs and highlight emerging therapeutic strategies to reinvigorate antitumoral immunity in SLNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Suman
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Svetomir N Markovic
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles in melanoma immune response and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Dieterich LC. Mechanisms of extracellular vesicle-mediated immune evasion in melanoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1002551. [PMID: 36081494 PMCID: PMC9445580 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1002551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to promote tumor growth and progression, and to predict patient responsiveness to immunotherapy. Consequently, EVs have been implicated in tumor immune evasion, and multiple studies reported immune-regulatory activities of melanoma EVs in vitro and in vivo. This review highlights mechanistic insights in EV-mediated regulation of various immune cell types, including effects on inflammatory, apoptotic, stress-sensing and immune checkpoint pathways as well as antigen-dependent responses. Additionally, current challenges in the field are discussed that need to be overcome to determine the clinical relevance of these various mechanisms and to develop corresponding therapeutic approaches to promote tumor immunity and immunotherapy responsiveness in melanoma patients in the future.
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