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Pizzi JF, Carrada CF, Zeferino MVDS, Doriguêtto PVT, Abreu LG, Scalioni FAR, Devito KL, Ribeiro RA. Overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e015. [PMID: 38477801 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review aimed to assess the association between overweight/obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents. Searches were performed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed, Embase and SciELO, Lilacs and Open Grey literature databases up to June 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies, the checklist for cohort studies, and the checklist for case-control studies were used. A total of 41 publications were included, and 15 meta-analyses were performed. The authors analyzed the differences in weighted mean difference (MD) and odds ratios (OR), and their corresponding confidence intervals (CI) (95%) for dental caries among eutrophic and obese and/or overweight children/adolescents. Meta-analyses showed that there was no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI (Body Mass Index). A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve (OR = 2.53, 95% CI;1.49-4.29; p = 0.0006; I2 = 0%) in dichotomous outcome studies, and (MD = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.08-1.15; p = 0.02; I2 = 0%) in continuous studies. The strength of the evidence of the results was classified as very low, low or moderate. It was concluded that there is no association between overweight and/or obesity and dental caries in Brazilian children/adolescents for most anthropometric reference curves using BMI. A greater experience of dental caries was associated with well-nourished adolescents in permanent dentition, compared with obese individuals in the same dentition, as classified by the CDC 2000 curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Faria Pizzi
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila Faria Carrada
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde - Suprema, School of Dentistry, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Schoool of Dentistry, Department of Oral Health for Children and Adolescents, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Almeida Ribeiro Scalioni
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Department of Social and Paediatric Dentistry; Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Karina Lopes Devito
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentristry, Department of Dental Clinic, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Almeida Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora - UFJF, School of Dentistry, Department of Social and Paediatric Dentistry; Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Singh S, Talmale P. Impact of dental caries and nutritional status on oral health related quality of life in young Indian adolescents. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:506-510. [PMID: 37324658 PMCID: PMC10265519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A combination of poor oral health status and malnourishment ultimately affect the quality of life of the person. Hence, these tools may help in identifying individuals at risk of poor quality of life and malnutrition caused by oral problems especially in adolescents. Objective To test the association between dental caries, nutritional status and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in 12-15 year-old school going adolescents. Study design A cross sectional study was conducted on 12-15-year-old school going adolescents. A total of 1214 adolescents participated in the study. Data on quality of life was collected using OHIP-14 and clinical examination was done to assess the DMFT status and Body Mass Index (BMI) as measure of nutritional status of the subjects. Results DMFT was found to be positively correlated with total OHIP score, however BMI was negatively correlated with OHIP. Controlling for BMI, partial correlation analysis revealed that there is a weak association between OHIP and DMFT scores which was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion Both caries experience and nutrition status had significant impact on Quality of Life. All the three parameters were found to be correlated to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Singh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, K.M. Shah Dental College & Hospital, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, India
| | - Priyanka Talmale
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, SMBT Institute of Dental Science and Research, Ghoti, Dhamangaon, Igatpuri, Nashik, 422403, India
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Moores CJ, Kelly SAM, Moynihan PJ. Systematic Review of the Effect on Caries of Sugars Intake: Ten-Year Update. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1034-1045. [PMID: 35302414 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221082918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An update of the systematic review of evidence on the association between amount of sugars intake and dental caries, as well as on the effect of restricting sugars intake to <10% and <5% energy (E) on caries, was conducted, almost 10 y since the review that informed the World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline on Sugars. The aim was to systematically review epidemiological data published from 2011 to 2020 on the amount of sugars consumption and levels of caries and to report the findings for adults and children. Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies reported the amount of sugars and caries, measured as prevalence, incidence, or severity. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Risk of bias was assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation tool. Vote counting and harvest plots provided the basis for evidence synthesis. From 488 new papers identified, 23 studies were eligible: 4 cohort, 1 case-controlled, 12 cross-sectional, and 6 ecological. Eleven of 15 studies in children and 6 of 8 studies in adults reported at least 1 positive association between sugars and caries. Six of 7 studies in children and 4 of 4 studies in adults, with data enabling comparison of caries levels with sugars intakes >10%E and <10%E, showed lower caries when sugars intake was <10%E. Amalgamating with original studies yielded 64 of 78 studies showing at least 1 positive association, 20 of 78 a null association, and 3 of 78 a negative association between sugars and caries. GRADE profiles of new and original cohort data confirmed "moderate-quality" evidence that caries is lower when sugars intake is <10%E. Furthermore, new cohort data upgraded the quality of evidence (from "very low" to "low") for lower caries when free sugars are <5%E. The findings support and strengthen original evidence underpinning the WHO recommendations for sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Moores
- Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - S A M Kelly
- Cambridge Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,THIS Institute (The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P J Moynihan
- Adelaide Dental School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
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Shrikrishna Suprabha B, Shenoy R, Mahabala Karuna Y, Nayak AP, Rao A, D'Souza V. Dietary practices among children with early childhood caries and the associated factors: A qualitative study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2022; 32:176-184. [PMID: 34021642 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parents play a vital role in their children's dietary habits. A comprehensive understanding of the perspectives of parents of children with early childhood caries (ECC) is required for prevention program planning. AIM To describe the parental perspective of the dietary habits of children with ECC. DESIGN In this descriptive qualitative study, the participants were parents of children with ECC receiving routine dental care. Data were collected through focus groups using an interview guide. Data were analyzed manually using the content analysis method. RESULTS Five focus groups involving 27 participants were conducted. Two main categories emerged: cariogenic food literacy and factors that affect food choices. Most of the participants knew that sugary foods are responsible for tooth decay. Parents felt that children's snacking habits were influenced by multiple factors, such as family environment, peers, commercials on television or the Internet, and affordability of food. CONCLUSIONS Parents are not able to translate their knowledge into action to modify their children's diet as they may lack self-efficacy and feel pressured by their children, the media and the environment in which they live. Motivational interviewing of parents and governmental and school policies to reduce sugary food consumption may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baranya Shrikrishna Suprabha
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ramya Shenoy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Yermunja Mahabala Karuna
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Anupama Panakaje Nayak
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Arathi Rao
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Violet D'Souza
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Reyes LT, Knorst JK, Ortiz FR, Mendes FM, Ardenghi TM. Pathways influencing dental caries increment among children: A cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:422-432. [PMID: 32965714 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentists should assess pathways influencing the increment of dental caries among children to guide the prevention and treatment of the disease. AIM Evaluate the pathways that influence the increment of carious lesions in pre-school children. DESIGN This is a 2-year cohort study was conducted with a random sample of 639 pre-school children in southern Brazil. Caries experience, socioeconomic status (SES), social capital, and psychosocial characteristics were obtained at baseline. Increment of dental caries was assessed at 2 years follow-up in 467 children (cohort retention rate of 73.1%). Previously calibrated examiners assess the caries through the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to test the pathways influencing dental caries increment. RESULTS Dental caries at baseline was heavily influenced by children's age (SC: 0.381, P < .01), tooth plaque (SC: 0.077, P = .02), parent's perception child oral health (SC: 0.295, P < .01), and household (SC: 0.148, P < .01). Increment of dental caries was directly affected by dental caries at baseline (Standardized Coefficients [SC]: 0.377, P < .01). Indirect paths were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Dental caries experience was the main factor of direct influence on the increment of caries, reinforcing the theory of risk accumulation over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Toledo Reyes
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jessica Klöckner Knorst
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ruffo Ortiz
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Machado Ardenghi
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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Gudipaneni RK, Albilasi RM, HadiAlrewili O, Alam MK, Patil SR, Saeed F. Association of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference With Dental Caries and Consequences of Untreated Dental Caries Among 12- to 14-Year-old Boys: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int Dent J 2021; 71:522-529. [PMID: 33622545 PMCID: PMC9275107 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2021.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and dental caries (DC), and the clinical consequences of untreated dental caries (U-DC) among 12- to 14-year-old male public-school adolescents in the Northern Province, Saudi Arabia. METHODS The demographic and anthropometric measurements of 302 boys 12 to 14 years of age (mean: 12.5 years) were recorded. BMI and central obesity (based on WC) were measured. The decayed-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index was used to record DC. The pulp involvement, ulceration, fistula, abscess (PUFA) index was used to quantify the clinical consequences of U-DC. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors related to DC and clinical consequences of U-DC. RESULTS A high prevalence of DC was found in adolescents who were underweight according to BMI and nonobese based on WC (46.7% vs 34.5%). The association between underweight (BMI) and obese (WC) with DC (odds ratio [95% CI]) was 1.91 (0.87, 4.18) and 0.34 (0.18, 0.63), respectively, while with PUFA (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]; 95%CI), it was 1.76 (0.76, 4.09) and 0.19 (0.06, 0.63) respectively. The logistic regression model showed that consuming sugar more than once a day led to a 2.87-fold greater likelihood of DC (AOR [95% CI] = 2.87 [1.68, 4.88]) and a 3.91-fold greater likelihood of mean PUFA score (AOR [95% CI] = 3.91 [2.05, 7.44]. CONCLUSION High risks for DC and clinical consequences of U-DC were observed among underweight and nonobese adolescent males. The frequency of sugar consumption was significantly associated with both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Gudipaneni
- Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Mohammad Khursheed Alam
- Orthodontics, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal Saeed
- Pediatric Dentist and Head of Pediatric Dentistry Department at Specialized Dental Center, MOH, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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