1
|
Lessios HA, Hendler G. Mitochondrial phylogeny of the brittle star genus Ophioderma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5304. [PMID: 35351912 PMCID: PMC8964800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We reconstructed the mitochondrial phylogeny of the species of the brittle star genus Ophioderma, using sequences of the Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI) to address four questions: (i) Are the species of Ophioderma described on morphological evidence reflected in mitochondrial genealogy? (ii) Which species separated from which? (iii) When did speciation events occur? (iv) What is the rate of COI evolution in ophiuroids? We found that most of the 22 described species we sampled coincide with monophyletic clusters of COI sequences, but there are exceptions, most notably in the eastern Pacific, in which three undescribed species were indicated. The COI phylogeny lacks resolution in the deeper nodes, but it does show that there are four species pairs, the members of which are found on either side of the central American Isthmus. Two pairs with a genetic distance of ~ 4% between Atlantic and Pacific members were probably split during the final stages of Isthmus completion roughly 3 million years ago. The rate of divergence provided by these pairs allowed the calibration of a relaxed molecular clock. Estimated dates of divergence indicate that the lineages leading to extant species coalesce at times much older than congeneric species in other classes of echinoderms, suggesting that low extinction rates may be one of the reasons that ophiuroids are species-rich. The mean rate of COI substitution in Ophioderma is three times slower than that of echinoids. Conclusions of previous mitochondrial DNA studies of ophiuroids that relied on echinoid calibrations to determine divergence times need to be revised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
| | - Gordon Hendler
- Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Phylogeography and genetic diversity of the commercially-collected Caribbean blue-legged hermit crab (Clibanarius tricolor). CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Xue AT, Hickerson MJ. Comparative phylogeographic inference with genome‐wide data from aggregated population pairs. Evolution 2020; 74:808-830. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Xue
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Department of BiologyGraduate Center of City University of New York New York NY 10016
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Department of BiologyCity College of City University of New York New York NY 10031
- Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey and Department of GeneticsRutgers University Piscataway NJ 08854
- Simons Center for Quantitative BiologyCold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring Harbor NY 11724
| | - Michael J. Hickerson
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Department of BiologyGraduate Center of City University of New York New York NY 10016
- Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, Department of BiologyCity College of City University of New York New York NY 10031
- Division of Invertebrate ZoologyAmerican Museum of Natural History New York NY 10024
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Curren E, Leong SCY. Global phylogeography of toxic cyanobacteria Moorea producens reveals distinct genetic partitioning influenced by Proterozoic glacial cycles. HARMFUL ALGAE 2019; 86:10-19. [PMID: 31358269 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lyngbya majuscula is a marine filamentous cyanobacteria belonging to the family Oscillatoriaceae. Recent phylogenetic analyses of L. majuscula have reclassified a subset of this species into various genera such as Moorea, Okeania and Dapis. From the genus Moorea, Moorea producens is a toxic invasive cyanobacterium that produces bioactive secondary metabolites that can cause severe inflammation and blistering. Despite the global distribution of M. producens, little information is available on their origin, patterns of dispersal and population structure. In this study, the spatial population structure of M. producens was investigated using near-complete 16S rRNA sequences. Analysis of the global population of M. producens by Isolation by Distance and STRUCTURE revealed two significantly distinct cosmopolitan populations that were separated by a genetic break. Lineage-specific divergence estimates of 147 cyanobacterial taxa, based on a relaxed molecular clock indicated the first global emergence of M. producens during the Mesoarchean and a subsequent global recolonization during the Mesoproterozoic period. We conclude that the genetic discontinuity between both cosmopolitan populations is attributed to refugia associated with Proterozoic glacial cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Curren
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 10 Science Drive 4, 117555, Singapore; St. John's Island National Marine Laboratory (SJINML), Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI), National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, 119227, Singapore.
| | - Sandric Chee Yew Leong
- St. John's Island National Marine Laboratory (SJINML), Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI), National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, 119227, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Van Nieuwenhove AHM, Ratsimbazafy HA, Kochzius M. Cryptic diversity and limited connectivity in octopuses: Recommendations for fisheries management. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214748. [PMID: 31083669 PMCID: PMC6513052 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The market demand for octopus grows each year, but landings are decreasing, and prices are rising. The present study investigated (1) diversity of Octopodidae in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and (2) connectivity and genetic structure of Octopus cyanea and O. vulgaris populations in order to obtain baseline data for management plans. A fragment of the cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene was sequenced in 275 octopus individuals from Madagascar, Kenya and Tanzania. In addition, 41 sequences of O. vulgaris from South Africa, Brazil, Amsterdam Island, Tristan da Cunha, Senegal and Galicia were retrieved from databases and included in this study. Five different species were identified using DNA barcoding, with first records for O. oliveri and Callistoctopus luteus in the WIO. For O. cyanea (n = 229, 563 bp), 22 haplotypes were found, forming one haplogroup. AMOVA revealed shallow but significant genetic population structure among all sites (ϕST = 0.025, p = 0.02), with significant differentiation among: (1) Kanamai, (2) southern Kenya, Tanzania, North and West Madagascar, (3) Southwest Madagascar and (4) East Madagascar (ϕCT = 0.035, p = 0.017). For O. vulgaris (n = 71, 482 bp), 15 haplotypes were identified, forming three haplogroups. A significant genetic population structure was found among all sites (ϕST = 0.82, p ≤ 0.01). Based on pairwise ϕST-values and hierarchical AMOVAs, populations of O. vulgaris could be grouped as follows: (1) Brazil, (2) Madagascar and (3) all other sites. A significant increase in genetic distance with increasing geographic distance was found (Z = 232443, 81 r = 0.36, p = 0.039). These results indicate that for O. cyanea four regions should be considered as separate management units in the WIO. The very divergent haplogroups in O. vulgaris from Brazil and Madagascar might be evolving towards speciation and therefore should be considered as separate species in FAO statistics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marc Kochzius
- Marine Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schleyer MH, Floros C, Laing SCS, Macdonald AHH, Montoya-Maya PH, Morris T, Porter SN, Seré MG. What can South African reefs tell us about the future of high-latitude coral systems? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 136:491-507. [PMID: 30509834 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coral communities are found at high latitude on the East Coast subtropical reefs of South Africa. They are biodiverse, economically important, and afforded World Heritage Site status in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park where some are subjected to recreational use. While the Park's unique coral reefs have, to date, suffered little bleaching from climate change, they are susceptible to the phenomenon and provide a natural laboratory for the study of its effects at high latitude. This review covers recent advances in the regional oceanography; coral community dynamics and the underpinning reef processes, including minor bleaching events; the incidence of coral disease; and coral genetic connectivity. The effects of human activity (SCUBA diving, recreational fishing, pesticide use) were assessed, as well as the nursery benefits of Acropora austera, a coral which provides the reefs with much structure and is vulnerable to damage and climate change. The reefs were valued in terms of human use as well as services such as sediment generation and retention. The results have provided valuable information on relatively pristine, high-latitude reefs, their socio-economic benefits, and the anticipated effects of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Schleyer
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa.
| | - Camilla Floros
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| | - Stuart C S Laing
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| | - Angus H H Macdonald
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| | - Phanor H Montoya-Maya
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| | - Tamaryn Morris
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa; Bayworld Centre for Research and Education, PO Box 7296, Rogge Bay 8012, South Africa
| | - Sean N Porter
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| | - Mathieu G Seré
- Oceanographic Research Institute, PO Box 10712, Marine Parade, 4056 Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coryell RL, Turnham KE, de Jesus Ayson EG, Lavilla‐Pltogo C, Alcala AC, Sotto F, Gonzales B, Nishiguchi MK. Phylogeographic patterns in the Philippine archipelago influence symbiont diversity in the bobtail squid -Vibrio mutualism. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:7421-7435. [PMID: 30151160 PMCID: PMC6106162 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine microbes encounter a myriad of biotic and abiotic factors that can impact fitness by limiting their range and capacity to move between habitats. This is especially true for environmentally transmitted bacteria that cycle between their hosts and the surrounding habitat. As geologic history, biogeography, and other factors such as water temperature, salinity, and physical barriers can inhibit bacterial movement to novel environments, we chose to examine the genetic architecture of Euprymna albatrossae (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) and their Vibrio fischeri symbionts in the Philippine archipelago using a combined phylogeographic approach. Eleven separate sites in the Philippine islands were examined using haplotype estimates that were examined via nested clade analysis to determine the relationship between E. albatrossae and V. fischeri populations and their geographic location. Identical analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) were used to estimate variation within and between populations for host and symbiont genetic data. Host animals demonstrated a significant amount of variation within island groups, while symbiont variation was found within individual populations. Nested clade phylogenetic analysis revealed that hosts and symbionts may have colonized this area at different times, with a sudden change in habitat. Additionally, host data indicate restricted gene flow, whereas symbionts show range expansion, followed by periodic restriction to genetic flow. These differences between host and symbiont networks indicate that factors "outside the squid" influence distribution of Philippine V. fischeri. Our results shed light on how geography and changing environmental factors can impact marine symbiotic associations at both local and global scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randy L. Coryell
- Department of BiologyNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico
| | - Kira E. Turnham
- Department of BiologyNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pazmiño DA, Maes GE, Green ME, Simpfendorfer CA, Hoyos-Padilla EM, Duffy CJA, Meyer CG, Kerwath SE, Salinas-de-León P, van Herwerden L. Strong trans-Pacific break and local conservation units in the Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis) revealed by genome-wide cytonuclear markers. Heredity (Edinb) 2018; 120:407-421. [PMID: 29321624 PMCID: PMC5889387 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-017-0025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of genome-wide cytonuclear molecular data to identify management and adaptive units at various spatio-temporal levels is particularly important for overharvested large predatory organisms, often characterized by smaller, localized populations. Despite being "near threatened", current understanding of habitat use and population structure of Carcharhinus galapagensis is limited to specific areas within its distribution. We evaluated population structure and connectivity across the Pacific Ocean using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (~7200 SNPs) and mitochondrial control region sequences (945 bp) for 229 individuals. Neutral SNPs defined at least two genetically discrete geographic groups: an East Tropical Pacific (Mexico, east and west Galapagos Islands), and another central-west Pacific (Lord Howe Island, Middleton Reef, Norfolk Island, Elizabeth Reef, Kermadec, Hawaii and Southern Africa). More fine-grade population structure was suggested using outlier SNPs: west Pacific, Hawaii, Mexico, and Galapagos. Consistently, mtDNA pairwise ΦST defined three regional stocks: east, central and west Pacific. Compared to neutral SNPs (FST = 0.023-0.035), mtDNA exhibited more divergence (ΦST = 0.258-0.539) and high overall genetic diversity (h = 0.794 ± 0.014; π = 0.004 ± 0.000), consistent with the longstanding eastern Pacific barrier between the east and central-west Pacific. Hawaiian and Southern African populations group within the west Pacific cluster. Effective population sizes were moderate/high for east/west populations (738 and 3421, respectively). Insights into the biology, connectivity, genetic diversity, and population demographics informs for improved conservation of this species, by delineating three to four conservation units across their Pacific distribution. Implementing such conservation management may be challenging, but is necessary to achieve long-term population resilience at basin and regional scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana A Pazmiño
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
- Comparative Genomics Centre, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito - Galápagos Science Center, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Gregory E Maes
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Comparative Genomics Centre, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Laboratory of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Genomics, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cytogenetics and Genome Research, Center for Human Genetics, Genomics Core, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Madeline E Green
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Colin A Simpfendorfer
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Clinton J A Duffy
- Auckland War Memorial Museum, The Domain, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68908, Newton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carl G Meyer
- Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Coconut Island, Kaneohe, HI, USA
| | - Sven E Kerwath
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag × 3, Rondebosch, South Africa
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries: Fisheries Branch, Private Bag × 2, Vlaeberg, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Pelayo Salinas-de-León
- Department of Marine Sciences, Charles Darwin Research Station. Av Charles Darwin s/n, Puerto Ayora, Galapagos Islands, Santa Cruz, Ecuador
- Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C., USA
| | - Lynne van Herwerden
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Comparative Genomics Centre, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Adaptation Without Boundaries: Population Genomics in Marine Systems. POPULATION GENOMICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/13836_2018_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
10
|
Jossart Q, De Ridder C, Lessios HA, Bauwens M, Motreuil S, Rigaud T, Wattier RA, David B. Highly contrasted population genetic structures in a host-parasite pair in the Caribbean Sea. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:9267-9280. [PMID: 29187967 PMCID: PMC5696394 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolution and population genetic structure of marine species across the Caribbean Sea are shaped by two complex factors: the geological history and the present pattern of marine currents. Characterizing and comparing the genetic structures of codistributed species, such as host-parasite associations, allow discriminating the relative importance of environmental factors and life history traits that influenced gene flow and demographic events. Using microsatellite and Cytochrome Oxidase I markers, we investigated if a host-parasite pair (the heart urchin Meoma ventricosa and its parasitic pea crab Dissodactylus primitivus) exhibits comparable population genetic structures in the Caribbean Sea and how the observed patterns match connectivity regions from predictive models and other taxa. Highly contrasting patterns were found: the host showed genetic homogeneity across the whole studied area, whereas the parasite displayed significant differentiation at regional and local scales. The genetic diversity of the parasitic crabs (both in microsatellites and COI) was distributed in two main groups, Panama-Jamaica-St Croix on the one hand, and the South-Eastern Caribbean on the other. At a smaller geographical scale, Panamanian and Jamaican parasite populations were genetically more similar, while more genetic differentiation was found within the Lesser Antilles. Both species showed a signature of population expansion during the Quaternary. Some results match predictive models or data from previous studies (e.g., the Western-Eastern dichotomy in the parasite) while others do not (e.g., genetic differentiation within the Lesser Antilles). The sharp dissimilarity of genetic structure of these codistributed species outlines the importance of population expansion events and/or contrasted patterns of gene flow. This might be linked to differences in several life history traits such as fecundity (higher for the host), swimming capacity of larval stages (higher for the parasite), and habitat availability (higher for the host).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Jossart
- Département de Biologie des OrganismesLaboratoire de Biologie MarineUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)BrusselsBelgium
- BiogéosciencesUMR CNRS 6282Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté (UBFC)DijonFrance
| | - Chantal De Ridder
- Département de Biologie des OrganismesLaboratoire de Biologie MarineUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)BrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Mathieu Bauwens
- Département de Biologie des OrganismesLaboratoire de Biologie MarineUniversité Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Sébastien Motreuil
- BiogéosciencesUMR CNRS 6282Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté (UBFC)DijonFrance
| | - Thierry Rigaud
- BiogéosciencesUMR CNRS 6282Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté (UBFC)DijonFrance
| | - Rémi A. Wattier
- BiogéosciencesUMR CNRS 6282Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté (UBFC)DijonFrance
| | - Bruno David
- BiogéosciencesUMR CNRS 6282Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté (UBFC)DijonFrance
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN)ParisFrance
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cryptic speciation in pan-tropical sea urchins: a case study of an edge-of-range population of Tripneustes from the Kermadec Islands. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5948. [PMID: 28729611 PMCID: PMC5519557 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripneustes is one of the most abundant and ecologically significant tropical echinoids. Highly valued for its gonads, wild populations of Tripneustes are commercially exploited and cultivated stocks are a prime target for the fisheries and aquaculture industry. Here we examine Tripneustes from the Kermadec Islands, a remote chain of volcanic islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean that mark the boundary of the genus’ range, by combining morphological and genetic analyses, using two mitochondrial (COI and the Control Region), and one nuclear (bindin) marker. We show that Kermadec Tripneustes is a new species of Tripneustes. We provide a full description of this species and present an updated phylogeny of the genus. This new species, Tripneustes kermadecensis n. sp., is characterized by having ambulacral primary tubercles occurring on every fourth plate ambitally, flattened test with large peristome, one to two occluded plates for every four ambulacral plates, and complete primary series of interambulacral tubercles from peristome to apex. It appears to have split early from the main Tripneustes stock, predating even the split of the Atlantic Tripneustes lineage. Its distinction from the common T. gratilla and potential vulnerability as an isolated endemic species calls for special attention in terms of conservation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rodríguez-Rey GT, Carvalho Filho A, De Araújo ME, Solé-Cava AM. Evolutionary history of Bathygobius (Perciformes: Gobiidae) in the Atlantic biogeographic provinces: a new endemic species and old mitochondrial lineages. Zool J Linn Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghennie T Rodríguez-Rey
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Elisabeth De Araújo
- Grupo de Ictiologia Marinha Tropical, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Antonio M Solé-Cava
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hiller A, Lessios HA. Phylogeography of Petrolisthes armatus, an invasive species with low dispersal ability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3359. [PMID: 28611408 PMCID: PMC5469764 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Theoretically, species with high population structure are likely to expand their range, because marginal populations are free to adapt to local conditions; however, meta-analyses have found a negative relation between structure and invasiveness. The crab Petrolisthes armatus has a wide native range, which has expanded in the last three decades. We sequenced 1718 bp of mitochondrial DNA from native and recently established populations to determine the population structure of the former and the origin of the latter. There was phylogenetic separation between Atlantic and eastern Pacific populations, and between east and west Atlantic ones. Haplotypes on the coast of Florida and newly established populations in Georgia and South Carolina belong to a different clade from those from Yucatán to Brazil, though a few haplotypes are shared. In the Pacific, populations from Colombia and Ecuador are highly divergent from those from Panamá and the Sea of Cortez. In general, populations were separated hundreds to million years ago with little subsequent gene flow. High genetic diversity in the newly established populations shows that they were founded by many individuals. Range expansion appears to have been limited by low dispersal rather than lack of ability of marginal populations to adapt to extreme conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hiller
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
| | - Harilaos A Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Barros HMDDR, Meirelles ACO, Luna FO, Marmontel M, Cordeiro-Estrela P, Santos N, Astúa D. Cranial and chromosomal geographic variation in manatees (Mammalia: Sirenia: Trichechidae) with the description of the Antillean manatee karyotype in Brazil. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. D. do R. Barros
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia; Departamento de Zoologia/CB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética e Citogenética Animal; Departamento de Genética/CB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
| | - Ana C. O. Meirelles
- Programa de Mamíferos Marinhos; Associação de Pesquisa e Preservação de Ecossistemas Aquáticos; Caucaia CE Brazil
| | - Fábia O. Luna
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Aquáticos; Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade; Itamaracá PE Brazil
| | - Miriam Marmontel
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Mamíferos Aquáticos Amazônicos; Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá; Tefé AM Brazil
| | - Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela
- Laboratório de Mamíferos/Coleção de Mamíferos; Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia/CCEN; Universidade Federal da Paraíba; João Pessoa PB Brazil
| | - Neide Santos
- Laboratório de Genética e Citogenética Animal; Departamento de Genética/CB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
| | - Diego Astúa
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia; Departamento de Zoologia/CB; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Contrasting Patterns of Clinal Genetic Diversity and Potential Colonization Pathways in Two Species of Western Atlantic Fiddler Crabs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166518. [PMID: 27861598 PMCID: PMC5115752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fiddler crabs (Brachyura, Ocypodidae), like many other marine organisms, disperse via planktonic larvae. A lengthy pelagic larval duration is generally assumed to result in genetic connectivity even among distant populations. However, major river outflows, such as of the Amazon or Orinoco, or strong currents may act as phylogeographic barriers to ongoing gene flow. For example, the Mona Passage, located between Puerto Rico and Hispaniola, has been postulated to impair larval exchange of several species. In this study, Cox1 mtDNA data was used to analyze population genetic structure of two fiddler crab species from the western Atlantic, comparing the continental coastline and Caribbean islands. The results indicate genetic homogeneity in Minuca rapax among Atlantic (continental) populations (Suriname, Brazil), whereas Caribbean populations show significantly restricted gene flow among the constituent islands and towards continental populations. Our data support the hypothesis of the Mona Passage hindering larval exchange. Contrastingly, Caribbean Leptuca leptodactyla populations appear to be devoid of detectable variation, while Atlantic-continental (i.e. Brazilian) populations show much higher haplotype and nucleotide diversities and display slight genetic differentiation among populations within the Atlantic region, though not statistically significant. Both species show a pronounced divergence between regions, supporting the presence of a phylogeographic barrier.
Collapse
|
16
|
Otwoma LM, Kochzius M. Genetic Population Structure of the Coral Reef Sea Star Linckia laevigata in the Western Indian Ocean and Indo-West Pacific. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165552. [PMID: 27798700 PMCID: PMC5087890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The coral reef sea star Linckia laevigata is common on shallow water coral reefs of the Indo-West Pacific. Its large geographic distribution and comprehensive data from previous studies makes it suitable to examine genetic differentiation and connectivity over large geographical scales. Based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene this study investigates the genetic population structure and connectivity of L. laevigata in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and compares it to previous studies in the Indo-Malay-Philippines Archipelago (IMPA). A total of 138 samples were collected from nine locations in the WIO. AMOVA revealed a low but significant ΦST-value of 0.024 for the WIO populations. In the hierarchical AMOVA, the following grouping rejected the hypothesis of panmixia: (1) Kenya (Watamu, Mombasa, Diani) and Tanzanian Island populations (Misali and Jambiani) and (2) the rest of the WIO sites (mainland Tanzania and Madagascar; ΦCT = 0.03). The genetic population structure was stronger and more significant (ΦST = 0.13) in the comparative analysis of WIO and IMPA populations. Three clades were identified in the haplotype network. The strong genetic differentiation (ΦCT = 0.199, P < 0.001) suggests that Indo-West Pacific populations of L. laevigata can be grouped into four biogeographic regions: (1) WIO (2) Eastern Indian Ocean (3) IMPA and (4) Western Pacific. The findings of this study support the existence of a genetic break in the Indo-West Pacific consistent with the effect of lowered sea level during the Pleistocene, which limited gene flow between the Pacific and Indian Ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Levy Michael Otwoma
- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, P.O. BOX 81651, Mombasa, Kenya
- Marine Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Kochzius
- Marine Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fu PC, Gao QB, Zhang FQ, Xing R, Wang JL, Liu HR, Chen SL. Gene Flow Results in High Genetic Similarity between Sibiraea (Rosaceae) Species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1596. [PMID: 27826314 PMCID: PMC5078775 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Studying closely related species and divergent populations provides insight into the process of speciation. Previous studies showed that the Sibiraea complex's evolutionary history on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) was confusing and could not be distinguishable on the molecular level. In this study, the genetic structure and gene flow of Sibiraea laevigata and Sibiraea angustata on the QTP was examined across 45 populations using 8 microsatellite loci. Microsatellites revealed high genetic diversity in Sibiraea populations. Most of the variance was detected within populations (87.45%) rather than between species (4.39%). We found no significant correlations between genetic and geographical distances among populations. Bayesian cluster analysis grouped all individuals in the sympatric area of Sibiraea into one cluster and other individuals of S. angustata into another. Divergence history analysis based on the approximate Bayesian computation method indicated that the populations of S. angustata at the sympatric area derived from the admixture of the 2 species. The assignment test assigned all individuals to populations of their own species rather than its congeneric species. Consistently, intraspecies were detected rather than interspecies first-generation migrants. The bidirectional gene flow in long-term patterns between the 2 species was asymmetric, with more from S. angustata to S. laevigata. In conclusion, the Sibiraea complex was distinguishable on the molecular level using microsatellite loci. We found that the high genetic similarity of the complex resulted from huge bidirectional gene flow, especially on the sympatric area where population admixtures occurred. This study sheds light on speciation with gene flow in the QTP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
- College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal UniversityLuoyang, China
| | - Qing-Bo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| | - Fa-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| | - Rui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| | - Jiu-Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Hai-Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Shi-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Roussel V, Van Wormhoudt A. The Effect of Pleistocene Climate Fluctuations on Distribution of European Abalone (Haliotis tuberculata), Revealed by Combined Mitochondrial and Nuclear Marker Analyses. Biochem Genet 2016; 55:124-154. [PMID: 27766440 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The genetic differentiation among the populations of the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata was investigated using different markers to better understand the evolutionary history and exchanges between populations. Three markers were used: mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), the sperm lysin nuclear gene, and eight nuclear microsatellites. These markers present different characteristics concerning mutation rate and inheritance, which provided complementary information about abalone history and gene diversity. Genetic diversity and relationships among subspecies were calculated from a sample of approximately 500 individuals, collected from 17 different locations in the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean, Macaronesia, and Mediterranean Sea. COI marker was used to explore the phylogeny of the species with a network analysis and two phylogenetic methods. The analysis revealed 18 major haplotypes grouped into two distinct clades with a pairwise sequence divergence up to 3.5 %. These clades do not correspond to subspecies but revealed many contacts along Atlantic coast during the Pleistocene interglaciations. The sperm lysin gene analysis separated two different subtaxa: one associated to Macaronesian islands, and the other to all other populations. Moreover, a small population of the northern subtaxon was isolated in the Adriatic Sea-probably before the separation of the two lineages-and evolved independently. Microsatellites were analyzed by different genetics methods, including the Bayesian clustering method and migration patterns analysis. It revealed genetically distinct microsatellite patterns among populations from Mediterranean Sea, Brittany and Normandy, Morocco, and Canary and Balearic islands. Gene flow is asymmetric among the regions; the Azores and the Canary Islands are particularly isolated and have low effective population sizes. Our results support the hypothesis that climate changes since the Pleistocene glaciations have played a major role in the geographic distribution of the European abalone. Traces of these events related to maternal inheritance were shown on COI marker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Roussel
- EA 229 Geoarchitecture, UBO, Faculté des sciences et techniques, Avenue Le Gorgeu, 29238, Brest cedex 3, France.
- Station de Biologie Marine, UMR 7208 BOREA - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Place de La Croix, BP 225, 29900, Concarneau, France.
| | - Alain Van Wormhoudt
- Station de Biologie Marine, UMR 7208 BOREA - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Place de La Croix, BP 225, 29900, Concarneau, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fourdrilis S, Mardulyn P, Hardy OJ, Jordaens K, de Frias Martins AM, Backeljau T. Mitochondrial DNA hyperdiversity and its potential causes in the marine periwinkle Melarhaphe neritoides (Mollusca: Gastropoda). PeerJ 2016; 4:e2549. [PMID: 27761337 PMCID: PMC5068447 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the presence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hyperdiversity in the marine periwinkle Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, 1758), the first such case among marine gastropods. Our dataset consisted of concatenated 16S-COI-Cytb gene fragments. We used Bayesian analyses to investigate three putative causes underlying genetic variation, and estimated the mtDNA mutation rate, possible signatures of selection and the effective population size of the species in the Azores archipelago. The mtDNA hyperdiversity in M. neritoides is characterized by extremely high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.999 ± 0.001), high nucleotide diversity (π = 0.013 ± 0.001), and neutral nucleotide diversity above the threshold of 5% (πsyn = 0.0677). Haplotype richness is very high even at spatial scales as small as 100m2. Yet, mtDNA hyperdiversity does not affect the ability of DNA barcoding to identify M. neritoides. The mtDNA hyperdiversity in M. neritoides is best explained by the remarkably high mutation rate at the COI locus (μ = 5.82 × 10−5 per site per year or μ = 1.99 × 10−4 mutations per nucleotide site per generation), whereas the effective population size of this planktonic-dispersing species is surprisingly small (Ne = 5, 256; CI = 1,312–3,7495) probably due to the putative influence of selection. Comparison with COI nucleotide diversity values in other organisms suggests that mtDNA hyperdiversity may be more frequently linked to high μ values and that mtDNA hyperdiversity may be more common across other phyla than currently appreciated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Fourdrilis
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny & JEMU, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Patrick Mardulyn
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Olivier J Hardy
- Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Kurt Jordaens
- Department of Biology, Invertebrate Section, Royal Museum for Central Africa , Tervuren , Belgium
| | - António Manuel de Frias Martins
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Pólo dos Açores, Departamento de Biologia da Universidade dos Açores, University of the Azores , Ponta Delgada , Portugal
| | - Thierry Backeljau
- Directorate Taxonomy and Phylogeny & JEMU, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium; Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
O’Dea A, Lessios HA, Coates AG, Eytan RI, Restrepo-Moreno SA, Cione AL, Collins LS, de Queiroz A, Farris DW, Norris RD, Stallard RF, Woodburne MO, Aguilera O, Aubry MP, Berggren WA, Budd AF, Cozzuol MA, Coppard SE, Duque-Caro H, Finnegan S, Gasparini GM, Grossman EL, Johnson KG, Keigwin LD, Knowlton N, Leigh EG, Leonard-Pingel JS, Marko PB, Pyenson ND, Rachello-Dolmen PG, Soibelzon E, Soibelzon L, Todd JA, Vermeij GJ, Jackson JBC. Formation of the Isthmus of Panama. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1600883. [PMID: 27540590 PMCID: PMC4988774 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The formation of the Isthmus of Panama stands as one of the greatest natural events of the Cenozoic, driving profound biotic transformations on land and in the oceans. Some recent studies suggest that the Isthmus formed many millions of years earlier than the widely recognized age of approximately 3 million years ago (Ma), a result that if true would revolutionize our understanding of environmental, ecological, and evolutionary change across the Americas. To bring clarity to the question of when the Isthmus of Panama formed, we provide an exhaustive review and reanalysis of geological, paleontological, and molecular records. These independent lines of evidence converge upon a cohesive narrative of gradually emerging land and constricting seaways, with formation of the Isthmus of Panama sensu stricto around 2.8 Ma. The evidence used to support an older isthmus is inconclusive, and we caution against the uncritical acceptance of an isthmus before the Pliocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron O’Dea
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Harilaos A. Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Anthony G. Coates
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Ron I. Eytan
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77553, USA
| | - Sergio A. Restrepo-Moreno
- Departamento de Geociencias y Medio Ambiente Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Alberto L. Cione
- División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, B1900FWA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laurel S. Collins
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Department of Earth and Environment, and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Alan de Queiroz
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557–0314, USA
| | - David W. Farris
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | | | - Robert F. Stallard
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- U.S. Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street (Suite E127), Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - Michael O. Woodburne
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92507, USA
| | - Orangel Aguilera
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Biologia, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista, s/n°, cep. 24020-141, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marie-Pierre Aubry
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854–8066, USA
| | - William A. Berggren
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854–8066, USA
| | - Ann F. Budd
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mario A. Cozzuol
- Laboratório de Paleozoologia, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, cep. 31270 010, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Simon E. Coppard
- Department of Biology, Hamilton College, 198 College Hill Road, Clinton, NY 13323, USA
| | - Herman Duque-Caro
- Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Seth Finnegan
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, 3040 Valley Life Science Building #3140, Berkeley, CA 94720–3140, USA
| | - Germán M. Gasparini
- División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, B1900FWA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ethan L. Grossman
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kenneth G. Johnson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | | | - Nancy Knowlton
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - Egbert G. Leigh
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
| | - Jill S. Leonard-Pingel
- Department of Geology, Washington and Lee University, 204 West Washington Street, Lexington, VA 24450, USA
| | - Peter B. Marko
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Nicholas D. Pyenson
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| | - Paola G. Rachello-Dolmen
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Esteban Soibelzon
- División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, B1900FWA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leopoldo Soibelzon
- División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, B1900FWA La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jonathan A. Todd
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Geerat J. Vermeij
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jeremy B. C. Jackson
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Republic of Panama
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093–0244, USA
- Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bronstein O, Kroh A, Haring E. Do genes lie? Mitochondrial capture masks the Red Sea collector urchin's true identity (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Tripneustes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 104:1-13. [PMID: 27475495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel COI and bindin sequences of the Red Sea collector echinoid Tripneustes gratilla elatensis are used to show that (1) discordance between mitochondrial and nuclear loci exists in this echinoid genus, (2) Tripneustes gratilla as currently defined possibly comprises a complex of cryptic species, and (3) Red Sea Tripneustes form a genetically distinct clade in the bindin tree, which diverged from other Tripneustes clades at least 2-4million years ago. Morphological reassessment of T. gratilla elatensis shows perfect congruence between identification based on skeletal features and genetic data based on a nuclear marker sequence. Hence the Red Sea Tripneustes subspecies established by Dafni in 1983 is a distinct biological unit. All T. g. elatensis samples analyzed are highly similar to or share mtDNA haplotypes with Philippine T. g. gratilla, as do representatives from other edge-of-range occurrences. This lack of genetic structure in Indo-Pacific Tripneustes is interpreted as a result of wide-spread mitochondrial introgression. New fossil specimens from the Red Sea area confirm the sympatric occurrence of T. g. elatensis and T. g. gratilla in the northern Red Sea during Late Pleistocene, identifying a possible timing for the introgression. In addition, present-day distribution shows a contact zone in the Southern Red Sea (in the Dahlak Archipelago). T. g. elatensis, is yet another example of a Red Sea taxon historically identified as conspecific with its Indo-Pacific relatives, but which turned out to be a morphologically and genetically distinct endemic taxon, suggesting that the level of endemism in the Red Sea may still be underestimated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omri Bronstein
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological Department, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria; Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria; The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History and National Research Centre, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Andreas Kroh
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Geological-Paleontological Department, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Elisabeth Haring
- Natural History Museum Vienna, Central Research Laboratories, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria; University of Vienna, Department of Integrative Zoology, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Schiffer PH, Herbig HG. Endorsing Darwin: global biogeography of the epipelagic goose barnaclesLepas spp. (Cirripedia, Lepadomorpha) proves cryptic speciation. Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp H. Schiffer
- Institute for Genetics; University of Cologne; Zülpicher Strasse 47 D-50674 Köln Germany
- EMBL; Meyerhofstraße 1 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Herbig
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy; University of Cologne; Zülpicher Strasse 49a D-50674 Köln Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wilson NG, Kirkendale LA. Putting the ‘Indo’ back into the Indo-Pacific: resolving marine phylogeographic gaps. INVERTEBR SYST 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/is15032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Indo-Pacific is an extremely large marine realm that unites two oceans via a restricted Coral Triangle corridor, which was historically subjected to lowered sea levels during global glaciation. Although a strong phylogeographic focus on the Central and West Pacific has produced a large body of research, the Indian Ocean has been largely neglected. This may have serious consequences, because the Indian Ocean hosts a large number of marine centres of endemism, yet a large number of nations rely on its marine resources. We examine reasons for this neglect and review what is known about this region and its connectivity to the Indo-West Pacific. We draw attention to the ‘Leeuwin Effect’, a phenomenon where the southward flow of the Leeuwin Current is responsible for transporting larval propagules from the Coral Triangle region down the coast of Western Australia, resulting in broader Indo-West Pacific rather than Indian Ocean affinities. Given challenges in accessing infrastructure and samples, collaboration will inevitably be key to resolving data gaps. We challenge the assumption that the peak of shallow-water marine biodiversity is solely centred in the Coral Triangle, and raise awareness of a seemingly forgotten hypothesis promoting a secondary peak of biodiversity in the western Indian Ocean.
Collapse
|
25
|
Láruson ÁJ, Reed FA. Stability of underdominant genetic polymorphisms in population networks. J Theor Biol 2015; 390:156-63. [PMID: 26656110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygote disadvantage is potentially a potent driver of population genetic divergence. Also referred to as underdominance, this phenomena describes a situation where a genetic heterozygote has a lower overall fitness than either homozygote. Attention so far has mostly been given to underdominance within a single population and the maintenance of genetic differences between two populations exchanging migrants. Here we explore the dynamics of an underdominant system in a network of multiple discrete, yet interconnected, populations. Stability of genetic differences in response to increases in migration in various topological networks is assessed. The network topology can have a dominant and occasionally non-intuitive influence on the genetic stability of the system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Áki J Láruson
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822, United States
| | - Floyd A Reed
- Department of Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i 96822, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Westbrook CE, Ringang RR, Cantero SMA, Toonen RJ. Survivorship and feeding preferences among size classes of outplanted sea urchins, Tripneustes gratilla, and possible use as biocontrol for invasive alien algae. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1235. [PMID: 26401450 PMCID: PMC4579015 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the survivorship, growth and diet preferences of hatchery-raised juvenile urchins, Tripneustes gratilla, to evaluate the efficacy of their use as biocontrol agents in the efforts to reduce alien invasive algae. In flow-through tanks, we measured urchin growth rates, feeding rates and feeding preferences among diets of the most common invasive algae found in Kāneʻohe Bay, Hawaiʻi: Acanthophora spicifera, Gracilaria salicornia, Eucheuma denticulatum and Kappaphycus clade B. Post-transport survivorship of outplanted urchins was measured in paired open and closed cages in three different reef environments (lagoon, reef flat and reef slope) for a month. Survivorship in closed cages was highest on the reef flat (∼75%), and intermediate in the lagoon and reef slope (∼50%). In contrast, open cages showed similar survivorship on the reef flat and in the lagoon, but only 20% of juvenile urchins survived in open cages placed on the reef slope. Urchins grew significantly faster on diets of G. salicornia (1.58 mm/week ± 0.14 SE) and Kappaphycus clade B (1.69 ± 0.14 mm/wk) than on E. denticulatum (0.97 ± 0.14 mm/wk), with intermediate growth when fed on A. spicifera (1.23 ± 0.11 mm/wk). Interestingly, urchins display size-specific feeding preferences. In non-choice feeding trials, small urchins (17.5–22.5 mm test diameter) consumed G. salicornia fastest (6.08 g/day ± 0.19 SE), with A. spicifera (4.25 ± 0.02 g/day) and Kappaphycus clade B (3.83 ± 0.02 g/day) intermediate, and E. denticulatum was clearly the least consumed (2.32 ± 0.37 g/day). Medium-sized (29.8–43.8 mm) urchins likewise preferentially consumed G. salicornia (12.60 ± 0.08 g/day), with less clear differences among the other species in which E. denticulatum was still consumed least (9.35 ± 0.90 g/day). In contrast, large urchins (45.0–65.0 mm) showed no significant preferences among the different algae species at all (12.43–15.24 g/day). Overall consumption rates in non-choice trials were roughly equal to those in the choice trials, but differences among feeding rates on each species were not predictive of feeding preferences when urchins were presented all four species simultaneously. In the choice feeding trials, both small and medium urchins clearly preferred A. spicifera over all other algae (roughly twice as much consumed as any other species). Again, however, differences were less pronounced among adult urchins, with adults showing a significant preference for A. spicifera and Kappaphycus clade B compared to the other two algal species. These findings indicate that outplanted urchins are surviving on the reef flats and eating a variety of alien invasive algae as intended. Although juvenile urchins show stronger feeding preferences, these animals grow quickly, and adult urchins are more generalist herbivores that consume all four alien invasive algae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rory R Ringang
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa , USA
| | | | | | - Robert J Toonen
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa , USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Williams RC, Jackson BC, Duvaux L, Dawson DA, Burke T, Sinclair W. The genetic structure ofNautilus pompiliuspopulations surrounding Australia and the Philippines. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3316-28. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. Williams
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation; University of Cumbria; Ambleside LA22 9BJ UK
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Benjamin C. Jackson
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Ludovic Duvaux
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Deborah A. Dawson
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Terry Burke
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences; NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility; University of Sheffield; Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - William Sinclair
- Centre for Wildlife Conservation; University of Cumbria; Ambleside LA22 9BJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Naughton K, O’Hara T, Appleton B, Cisternas P. Antitropical distributions and species delimitation in a group of ophiocomid brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiocomidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 78:232-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
29
|
Thinking outside the barrier: neutral and adaptive divergence in Indo-Pacific coral reef faunas. Evol Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-014-9724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
30
|
Ukuwela KDB, de Silva A, Mumpuni, Fry BG, Sanders KL. Multilocus phylogeography of the sea snakeHydrophis curtusreveals historical vicariance and cryptic lineage diversity. ZOOL SCR 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka D. B. Ukuwela
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Adelaide; Darling Building Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| | - Anslem de Silva
- Amphibia and Reptile research Organization of Sri Lanka; 15/1, Dolosbage Rd. Gampola Sri Lanka
| | - Mumpuni
- Museum of Zoology Bogor; Puslit Biology-LIPI; Cibinong Indonesia
| | - Bryan G. Fry
- Venom Evolution Laboratory; School of Biological Sciences; University of Queensland; Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Kate L. Sanders
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Adelaide; Darling Building Adelaide SA 5005 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Palacios-Morales G, Torres-Hernández E, Campos-Mendoza A, Domínguez-Domínguez O. Corroboración taxonómica y genética de la presencia del ballesta enmascarado Sufflamen fraenatum (Balistidae) para la costa de México. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2014. [DOI: 10.7550/rmb.36883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
32
|
Han Z, Zheng W, Chen G, Shui B, Liu S, Zhuang Z. Population genetic structure and larval dispersal strategy of portunid crab Charybdis bimaculata in Yellow sea and East China sea. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA 2013; 26:402-8. [PMID: 24117187 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.840592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Larval dispersal may have an important effect on genetic structure of benthic species. However, different species may choose different larval dispersal strategy. To examine the population genetic structure and larval dispersal strategy of portunid crab Charybdis bimaculata, a 658 base pair (bp) fragment of mtDNA COI gene was sequenced in this species. In total, 67 individuals were collected from 5 locations in Yellow Sea and East China, and 24 haplotypes were obtained. Mean haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity for the five populations ranged from 0.2000 ± 0.1541 (Zhoushan) to 0.8333 ± 0.1265 (Nanji island), and from 0.0003 ± 0.0005 (Zhoushan) to 0.0026 ± 0.0019 (Nanji island). Analysis of molecular variance and pairwise FST revealed no significant differentiation between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea in C. bimaculata, supporting high larval dispersal ability in this species, rejecting larval retention. Mismatch distribution revealed that C. bimaculata had undergone population expansion. Larval drift in the ocean currents, and recent range expansion could be the reasons for little genetic structure in the studied area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Han
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University , Zhoushan , China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Taillebois L, Castelin M, Ovenden JR, Bonillo C, Keith P. Contrasting genetic structure among populations of two amphidromous fish species (Sicydiinae) in the Central West Pacific. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75465. [PMID: 24130714 PMCID: PMC3794023 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both present-day and past processes can shape connectivity of populations. Pleistocene vicariant events and dispersal have shaped the present distribution and connectivity patterns of aquatic species in the Indo-Pacific region. In particular, the processes that have shaped distribution of amphidromous goby species still remain unknown. Previous studies show that phylogeographic breaks are observed between populations in the Indian and Pacific Oceans where the shallow Sunda shelf constituted a geographical barrier to dispersal, or that the large spans of open ocean that isolate the Hawaiian or Polynesian Islands are also barriers for amphidromous species even though they have great dispersal capacity. Here we assess past and present genetic structure of populations of two amphidromous fish (gobies of the Sicydiinae) that are widely distributed in the Central West Pacific and which have similar pelagic larval durations. We analysed sections of mitochondrial COI, Cytb and nuclear Rhodospine genes in individuals sampled from different locations across their entire known range. Similar to other Sicydiinae fish, intraspecific mtDNA genetic diversity was high for all species (haplotype diversity between 0.9–0.96). Spatial analyses of genetic variation in Sicyopus zosterophorum demonstrated strong isolation across the Torres Strait, which was a geologically intermittent land barrier linking Australia to Papua New Guinea. There was a clear genetic break between the northwestern and the southwestern clusters in Si. zosterophorum (φST = 0.67502 for COI) and coalescent analyses revealed that the two populations split at 306 Kyr BP (95% HPD 79–625 Kyr BP), which is consistent with a Pleistocene separation caused by the Torres Strait barrier. However, this geographical barrier did not seem to affect Sm. fehlmanni. Historical and demographic hypotheses are raised to explain the different patterns of population structure and distribution between these species. Strategies aiming to conserve amphidromous fish should consider the presence of cryptic evolutionary lineages to prevent stock depletion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Taillebois
- Milieux et Peuplements Aquatiques - UMR 7208 (MNHN, CNRS, IRD, UPMC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France ; Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Reid DG, Claremont M, Smith L, Shamoto M, Glaubrecht M, Ozawa T. Mosaics in the mangroves: allopatric diversification of tree-climbing mudwhelks (Gastropoda: Potamididae:Cerithidea) in the Indo-West Pacific. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Reid
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London; SW7 5BD; UK
| | - Martine Claremont
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London; SW7 5BD; UK
| | - Lisa Smith
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; London; SW7 5BD; UK
| | - Manabu Shamoto
- Municipal Board of Education; Toyota City; 471-8501; Japan
| | - Matthias Glaubrecht
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin; Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Invalidenstrasse 43; D-10115; Berlin; Germany
| | - Tomowo Ozawa
- Department of World Heritage; Cyber University; Nagoya Office; Ikegami-cho 2-7-1; Ikegami Jyutaku R203; Chikusa-ku; Nagoya; 464-0029; Japan
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Coppard SE, Zigler KS, Lessios HA. Phylogeography of the sand dollar genus Mellita: cryptic speciation along the coasts of the Americas. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2013; 69:1033-42. [PMID: 23792155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sand dollars of the genus Mellita are members of the sandy shallow-water fauna. The genus ranges in tropical and subtropical regions on the two coasts of the Americas. To reconstruct the phylogeography of the genus we sequenced parts of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I and of 16S rRNA as well as part of the nuclear 28S rRNA gene from a total of 185 specimens of all ten described morphospecies from 31 localities. Our analyses revealed the presence of eleven species, including six cryptic species. Sequences of five morphospecies do not constitute monophyletic molecular units and thus probably represent ecophenotypic variants. The fossil-calibrated phylogeny showed that the ancestor of Mellita diverged into a Pacific lineage and an Atlantic+Pacific lineage close to the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Atlantic M. tenuis, M. quinquiesperforata and two undescribed species of Mellita have non-overlapping distributions. Pacific Mellita consist of two highly divergent lineages that became established at different times, resulting in sympatric M. longifissa and M. notabilis. Judged by modern day ranges, not all divergence in this genus conforms to an allopatric speciation model. Only the separation of M. quinquiesperforata from M. notabilis is clearly due to vicariance as the result of the completion of the Isthmus of Panama. The molecular phylogeny calibrated on fossil evidence estimated this event as having occurred ~3 Ma, thus providing evidence that, contrary to a recent proposal, the central American Isthmus was not completed until this date.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon E Coppard
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Henry L, Reusser DA, Frazier M. Approaches to setting organism-based ballast water discharge standards. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2013; 23:301-310. [PMID: 23634582 DOI: 10.1890/11-1638.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As a vector by which foreign species invade coastal and freshwater waterbodies, ballast water discharge from ships is recognized as a major environmental threat. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) drafted an international treaty establishing ballast water discharge standards based on the number of viable organisms per volume of ballast discharge for different organism size classes. Concerns that the IMO standards are not sufficiently protective have initiated several state and national efforts in the United States to develop more stringent standards. We evaluated seven approaches to establishing discharge standards for the > 50-microm size class: (1) expert opinion/management consensus, (2) zero detectable living organisms, (3) natural invasion rates, (4) reaction-diffusion models, (5) population viability analysis (PVA) models, (6) per capita invasion probabilities (PCIP), and (7) experimental studies. Because of the difficulty in synthesizing scientific knowledge in an unbiased and transparent fashion, we recommend the use of quantitative models instead of expert opinion. The actual organism concentration associated with a "zero detectable organisms" standard is defined by the statistical rigor of its monitoring program; thus it is not clear whether such a standard is as stringent as other standards. For several reasons, the natural invasion rate, reaction-diffusion, and experimental approaches are not considered suitable for generating discharge standards. PVA models can be used to predict the likelihood of establishment of introduced species but are limited by a lack of population vital rates for species characteristic of ballast water discharges. Until such rates become available, PVA models are better suited to evaluate relative efficiency of proposed standards rather than predicting probabilities of invasion. The PCIP approach, which is based on historical invasion rates at a regional scale, appears to circumvent many of the indicated problems, although it may underestimate invasions by asexual and parthenogenic species. Further research is needed to better define propagule dose-responses, densities at which Allee effects occur, approaches to predicting the likelihood of invasion from multi-species introductions, and generation of formal comparisons of approaches using standardized scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Henry
- Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2111 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang D, Ding G, Ge B, Zhang H, Tang B. Population genetic structure and historical demography of Oratosquilla oratoria revealed by mitochondrial DNA sequences. RUSS J GENET+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795412110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
38
|
Crandall ED, Treml EA, Barber PH. Coalescent and biophysical models of stepping-stone gene flow in neritid snails. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:5579-98. [PMID: 23050562 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Marine species in the Indo-Pacific have ranges that can span thousands of kilometres, yet studies increasingly suggest that mean larval dispersal distances are less than historically assumed. Gene flow across these ranges must therefore rely to some extent on larval dispersal among intermediate 'stepping-stone' populations in combination with long-distance dispersal far beyond the mean of the dispersal kernel. We evaluate the strength of stepping-stone dynamics by employing a spatially explicit biophysical model of larval dispersal in the tropical Pacific to construct hypotheses for dispersal pathways. We evaluate these hypotheses with coalescent models of gene flow among high-island archipelagos in four neritid gastropod species. Two of the species live in the marine intertidal, while the other two are amphidromous, living in fresh water but retaining pelagic dispersal. Dispersal pathways predicted by the biophysical model were strongly favoured in 16 of 18 tests against alternate hypotheses. In regions where connectivity among high-island archipelagos was predicted as direct, there was no difference in gene flow between marine and amphidromous species. In regions where connectivity was predicted through stepping-stone atolls only accessible to marine species, gene flow estimates between high-island archipelagos were significantly higher in marine species. Moreover, one of the marine species showed a significant pattern of isolation by distance consistent with stepping-stone dynamics. While our results support stepping-stone dynamics in Indo-Pacific species, we also see evidence for nonequilibrium processes such as range expansions or rare long-distance dispersal events. This study couples population genetic and biophysical models to help to shed light on larval dispersal pathways.
Collapse
|
39
|
References. Mol Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470979365.refs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
40
|
Rahman MA, Uehara T, Arshad A, Yusoff FM, Shamsudin MN. Absence of postzygotic isolating mechanisms: evidence from experimental hybridization between two species of tropical sea urchins. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2012; 13:797-810. [PMID: 23024047 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1100152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Two reef margin species of tropical sea urchins, Echinometra sp. C (Ec) and Echinometra oblonga (Eo), occur sympatrically on Okinawa intertidal reefs in southern Japan. Hybridization between these species was examined through a series of cross-fertilization experiments. At limited sperm concentrations, where conspecific crosses reached near 100% fertilization, both heterospecific crosses showed high fertilization rates (81%-85%). The compatibility of the gametes demonstrated that if gamete recognition molecules are involved in fertilization of these species, they are not strongly species-specific. We found that conspecific crosses reached peak fertilization levels much faster than did heterospecific crosses, indicating the presence of a prezygotic barrier to hybridization in the gametes. Larval survival, metamorphosis, and juvenile and adult survival of hybrid groups were nearly identical to those of their parent species. Hybrids from crosses in both directions developed normally through larval stages to sexually mature adults, indicating that neither gametic incompatibility nor hybrid inviability appeared to maintain reproductive isolation between these species. In adults, Ec×Ec crosses gave the highest live weight, followed by Eo (ova)×Ec (sperm), Ec (ova)×Eo (sperm), and Eo×Eo. Other growth performance measures (viz., test size, Aristotle's lantern length, and gonad index) of hybrid groups and their parental siblings showed the same trends. The phenotypic color patterns of the hybrids were closer to the maternal coloration, whereas spine length, tube-foot and gonad spicule characteristics, pedicellaria valve length, and gamete sizes showed intermediate features. Adult F(1) hybrids were completely fertile and displayed high fertilization success in F(1) backcrosses, eliminating the likelihood that hybrid sterility is a postzygotic mechanism of reproductive isolation. Conversely, intensive surveys failed to find hybrid individuals in the field, suggesting the lack or rarity of natural hybridization. This strongly suggests that reproductive isolation is achieved by prezygotic isolating mechanism(s). Of these mechanisms, habitat segregation, gamete competition, differences in spawning times, gametic incompatibility or other genetic and non-genetic factors appear to be important in maintaining the integrity of these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Aminur Rahman
- Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Park CJ, Hara M, Lee JH, Noh JK, Kim HC, Park JW, Kim SY. Genetic population structure of the wild Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus) in Korea and Japan based on microsatellite DNA markers. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2012.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
42
|
Wangensteen OS, Turon X, Pérez-Portela R, Palacín C. Natural or naturalized? Phylogeography suggests that the abundant sea urchin Arbacia lixula is a recent colonizer of the Mediterranean. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45067. [PMID: 23028765 PMCID: PMC3444468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the global phylogeography of the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula, an amphi-Atlantic echinoid with potential to strongly impact shallow rocky ecosystems. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase gene of 604 specimens from 24 localities were obtained, covering most of the distribution area of the species, including the Mediterranean and both shores of the Atlantic. Genetic diversity measures, phylogeographic patterns, demographic parameters and population differentiation were analysed. We found high haplotype diversity but relatively low nucleotide diversity, with 176 haplotypes grouped within three haplogroups: one is shared between Eastern Atlantic (including Mediterranean) and Brazilian populations, the second is found in Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean and the third is exclusively from Brazil. Significant genetic differentiation was found between Brazilian, Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean regions, but no differentiation was found among Mediterranean sub-basins or among Eastern Atlantic sub-regions. The star-shaped topology of the haplotype network and the unimodal mismatch distributions of Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic samples suggest that these populations have suffered very recent demographic expansions. These expansions could be dated 94-205 kya in the Mediterranean, and 31-67 kya in the Eastern Atlantic. In contrast, Brazilian populations did not show any signature of population expansion. Our results indicate that all populations of A. lixula constitute a single species. The Brazilian populations probably diverged from an Eastern Atlantic stock. The present-day genetic structure of the species in Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean is shaped by very recent demographic processes. Our results support the view (backed by the lack of fossil record) that A. lixula is a recent thermophilous colonizer which spread throughout the Mediterranean during a warm period of the Pleistocene, probably during the last interglacial. Implications for the possible future impact of A. lixula on shallow Mediterranean ecosystems in the context of global warming trends must be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owen S Wangensteen
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lind CE, Evans BS, Elphinstone MS, Taylor JJU, Jerry DR. Phylogeography of a pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) across the Indo-Australian Archipelago: evidence of strong regional structure and population expansions but no phylogenetic breaks. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Curtis E. Lind
- Aquaculture Genetics Research Group; School of Marine & Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- Fish Breeding and Genetics Group; The WorldFish Center; PO Box 500 GPO 10670 Penang Malaysia
| | - Brad S. Evans
- Aquaculture Genetics Research Group; School of Marine & Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Martin S. Elphinstone
- Centre for Plant Conservation Genetics; Southern Cross University; Lismore NSW 2480 Australia
| | | | - Dean R. Jerry
- Aquaculture Genetics Research Group; School of Marine & Tropical Biology; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Baums IB, Boulay JN, Polato NR, Hellberg ME. No gene flow across the Eastern Pacific Barrier in the reef-building coralPorites lobata. Mol Ecol 2012; 21:5418-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2012.05733.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iliana B. Baums
- Department of Biology; The Pennsylvania State University; 208 Mueller Laboratory; University Park; PA; 16802; USA
| | - Jennifer N. Boulay
- Department of Biology; The Pennsylvania State University; 208 Mueller Laboratory; University Park; PA; 16802; USA
| | - Nicholas R. Polato
- Department of Biology; The Pennsylvania State University; 208 Mueller Laboratory; University Park; PA; 16802; USA
| | - Michael E. Hellberg
- Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; 202 Life Sciences Building; Baton Rouge; LA; 70803; USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tsang LM, Wu TH, Shih HT, Williams GA, Chu KH, Chan BK. Genetic and morphological differentiation of the Indo-West Pacific intertidal barnacle Chthamalus malayensis. Integr Comp Biol 2012; 52:388-409. [PMID: 22523127 PMCID: PMC3417159 DOI: 10.1093/icb/ics044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chthamalus malayensis is a common intertidal acorn barnacle widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific. Analysis of sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I reveals four genetically differentiated clades with almost allopatric distribution in this region. The four clades exhibit morphological differences in arthropodal characters, including the number of conical spines and number of setules of the basal guard setae on the cirri. These characters are, however, highly variable within each clade; such that the absolute range of the number of conical spines and setules overlaps between clades, and therefore, these are not diagnostic characters for taxonomic identification. The geographic distribution of the four clades displays a strong relationship between surface temperatures of the sea and ocean-current realms. The Indo-Malay (IM) clade is widespread in the tropical, equatorial region, including the Indian Ocean, Malay Peninsula, and North Borneo. The South China (SC) and Taiwan (TW) clades are found in tropical to subtropical regions, with the former distributed along the coasts of southern China, Vietnam, Thailand, and the western Philippines under the influence of the South China Warm Current. The TW clade is endemic to Taiwan, while the Christmas Island (CI) clade is confined to CI. There was weak or no population subdivision observed within these clades, suggesting high gene flow within the range of the clades. The clades demonstrate clear signatures of recent demographic expansion that predated the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), but they have maintained a relatively stable effective population in the past 100,000 years. The persistence of intertidal fauna through the LGM may, therefore, be a common biogeographic pattern. The lack of genetic subdivision in the IM clade across the Indian and Pacific Oceans may be attributed to recent expansion of ranges and the fact that a mutation-drift equilibrium has not been reached, or the relaxed habitat requirements of C. malayensis that facilitates high concurrent gene flow. Further studies are needed to determine between these alternative hypotheses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ming Tsang
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Tsz Huen Wu
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Te Shih
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Gray A. Williams
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Ka Hou Chu
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Benny K.K. Chan
- *Simon F. S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; Department of Life Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong; Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim JK, Min GS, Yoon M, Kim Y, Choi JH, Oh TY, Ni Y. Genetic structure ofLarimichthys polyactis(Pisces: Sciaenidae) in the Yellow and East China Seas inferred from microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA analyses. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2011.652668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
|
47
|
|
48
|
The tail tells the tale: taxonomy and biogeography of some Atlantic Chelidonura (Gastropoda: Cephalaspidea: Aglajidae) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial gene data. Zool J Linn Soc 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
49
|
Lessios HA, Lockhart S, Collin R, Sotil G, Sanchez-Jerez P, Zigler KS, Perez AF, Garrido MJ, Geyer LB, Bernardi G, Vacquier VD, Haroun R, Kessing BD. Phylogeography and bindin evolution in Arbacia, a sea urchin genus with an unusual distribution. Mol Ecol 2011; 21:130-44. [PMID: 21981354 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Among shallow water sea urchin genera, Arbacia is the only genus that contains species found in both high and low latitudes. In order to determine the geographical origin of the genus and its history of speciation events, we constructed phylogenies based on cytochrome oxidase I and sperm bindin from all its species. Both the mitochondrial and the nuclear gene genealogies show that Arbacia originated in the temperate zone of the Southern Hemisphere and gave rise to three species in the eastern Pacific, which were then isolated from the Atlantic by the Isthmus of Panama. The mid-Atlantic barrier separated two additional species. The bindin data suggest that selection against hybridization is not important in the evolution of this molecule in this genus. Metz et al. in a previous publication found no evidence of selection on bindin of Arbacia and suggested that this might be due to allopatry between species, which obviated the need for species recognition. This suggestion formed the basis of the conclusion, widely spread in the literature, that the source of selection on sea urchin bindin (where it does occur) was reinforcement. However, the range of Arbacia spatuligera overlaps with that of two other species of Arbacia, and our data show that it is hybridizing with one of them. We found that even in the species that overlap geographically, there are no deviations from selective neutrality in the evolution of bindin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Lessios
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yoon M, Hong SE, Kwon Nam Y, Kim DS. Genetic diversity of the Asian shore crab,Hemigrapsus sanguineus, in Korea and Japan inferred from mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I gene. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2011.604939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|