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Szlavicz E, Szabo K, Bata-Csorgo Z, Kemeny L, Szell M. What have we learned about non-involved psoriatic skin from large-scale gene expression studies? World J Dermatol 2014; 3:50-57. [DOI: 10.5314/wjd.v3.i3.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder; its genetic background has been widely studied in recent decades. Recognition of novel factors contributing to the pathogenesis of this disorder was facilitated by potent molecular biology tools developed during the 1990s. Large-scale gene expression studies, including differential display and microarray, have been used in experimental dermatology to a great extent; moreover, skin was one of the first organs analyzed using these methods. We performed our first comprehensive gene expression analysis in 2000. With the help of differential display and microarray, we have discovered several novel factors contributing to the inherited susceptibility for psoriasis, including the EDA+ fibronectin splice variant and PRINS. The long non-coding PRINS RNA is expressed at higher levels in non-involved skin compared to healthy and involved psoriatic epidermis and might be a factor contributing cellular stress responses and, specifically, to the development of psoriatic symptoms. This review summarizes the most important results of our large-scale gene expression studies.
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Ammar M, Souissi-Bouchlaka C, Gati A, Zaraa I, Bouhaha R, Kouidhi S, Ben Ammar-Gaied A, Doss N, Mokni M, Marrakchi R. [Psoriasis: physiopathology and immunogenetics]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 62:10-23. [PMID: 24589075 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that involves genetic, immunological and environmental factors. During the last decade, several studies by genome scan on families or cases/controls helped to highlight more than ten loci "PSORS" located on different chromosomes and containing several candidate genes. Psoriasis appears as a genetic disease that follows the mixed model with the involvement of a major gene (PSORS1) and a set of minor genes with a variable penetrance depending on the locus. Genetic data have focused on the involvement of the immune system in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. It is now accepted that psoriasis is an immunological disease involving the response profiles TH1 and TH17. Much remains to be done to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in the genesis of psoriatic lesions to find new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ammar
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie.
| | - C Souissi-Bouchlaka
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - A Gati
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - I Zaraa
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital la Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - R Bouhaha
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - S Kouidhi
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - A Ben Ammar-Gaied
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - N Doss
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital militaire de Tunis, rue Raouth Ibnou Hatem, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - M Mokni
- Service de dermatologie, hôpital la Rabta, 1007 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - R Marrakchi
- Laboratoire de génétique, d'immunologie et de pathologies humaines, faculté des sciences de Tunis, université El Manar II, 2092 Tunis, Tunisie
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3
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NK cells and psoriasis. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011:248317. [PMID: 21687543 PMCID: PMC3114545 DOI: 10.1155/2011/248317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic condition of the skin characterised by distinctive scaly plaques. The immune system is now thought to play a major role in the development and pathogenesis of psoriasis with immune cells and cytokines influencing keratinocyte function. Keratinocytes in turn, can activate and recruit immune cells leading to a positive feedback loop in disease. Natural Killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that are best known for killing virally infected and cancer cells. However, evidence is emerging to support a role for NK cells in psoriasis. NK cells are found in the inflammatory infiltrate in psoriatic skin lesions. They can produce a range of inflammatory cytokines, many of which are important in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Recent genetic studies have identified a range of potential molecules relating to NK cell biology that are known to be important in psoriasis. This paper will discuss the evidence, both cellular and genetic, for NK cell involvement in psoriasis.
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Boehncke WH, Katsambas A, Ortonne JP, Puig L. EADV preceptorship: advances in dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 24 Suppl 5:2-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Psoriasis genome-wide association study identifies susceptibility variants within LCE gene cluster at 1q21. Nat Genet 2009; 41:205-10. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Liu Y, Helms C, Liao W, Zaba LC, Duan S, Gardner J, Wise C, Miner A, Malloy MJ, Pullinger CR, Kane JP, Saccone S, Worthington J, Bruce I, Kwok P, Menter A, Krueger J, Barton A, Saccone NL, Bowcock AM. A genome-wide association study of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis identifies new disease loci. PLoS Genet 2008; 4:e1000041. [PMID: 18369459 PMCID: PMC2274885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 02/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A genome-wide association study was performed to identify genetic factors involved in susceptibility to psoriasis (PS) and psoriatic arthritis (PSA), inflammatory diseases of the skin and joints in humans. 223 PS cases (including 91 with PSA) were genotyped with 311,398 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and results were compared with those from 519 Northern European controls. Replications were performed with an independent cohort of 577 PS cases and 737 controls from the U.S., and 576 PSA patients and 480 controls from the U.K.. Strongest associations were with the class I region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The most highly associated SNP was rs10484554, which lies 34.7 kb upstream from HLA-C (P = 7.8x10(-11), GWA scan; P = 1.8x10(-30), replication; P = 1.8x10(-39), combined; U.K. PSA: P = 6.9x10(-11)). However, rs2395029 encoding the G2V polymorphism within the class I gene HCP5 (combined P = 2.13x10(-26) in U.S. cases) yielded the highest ORs with both PS and PSA (4.1 and 3.2 respectively). This variant is associated with low viral set point following HIV infection and its effect is independent of rs10484554. We replicated the previously reported association with interleukin 23 receptor and interleukin 12B (IL12B) polymorphisms in PS and PSA cohorts (IL23R: rs11209026, U.S. PS, P = 1.4x10(-4); U.K. PSA: P = 8.0x10(-4); IL12B:rs6887695, U.S. PS, P = 5x10(-5) and U.K. PSA, P = 1.3x10(-3)) and detected an independent association in the IL23R region with a SNP 4 kb upstream from IL12RB2 (P = 0.001). Novel associations replicated in the U.S. PS cohort included the region harboring lipoma HMGIC fusion partner (LHFP) and conserved oligomeric golgi complex component 6 (COG6) genes on chromosome 13q13 (combined P = 2x10(-6) for rs7993214; OR = 0.71), the late cornified envelope gene cluster (LCE) from the Epidermal Differentiation Complex (PSORS4) (combined P = 6.2x10(-5) for rs6701216; OR 1.45) and a region of LD at 15q21 (combined P = 2.9x10(-5) for rs3803369; OR = 1.43). This region is of interest because it harbors ubiquitin-specific protease-8 whose processed pseudogene lies upstream from HLA-C. This region of 15q21 also harbors the gene for SPPL2A (signal peptide peptidase like 2a) which activates tumor necrosis factor alpha by cleavage, triggering the expression of IL12 in human dendritic cells. We also identified a novel PSA (and potentially PS) locus on chromosome 4q27. This region harbors the interleukin 2 (IL2) and interleukin 21 (IL21) genes and was recently shown to be associated with four autoimmune diseases (Celiac disease, Type 1 diabetes, Grave's disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/genetics
- Arthritis, Psoriatic/immunology
- Autoimmunity/genetics
- Case-Control Studies
- Child
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Genes, MHC Class I
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genome, Human
- Humans
- Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Psoriasis/genetics
- Psoriasis/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Helms
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Wilson Liao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Center for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Lisa C. Zaba
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Shenghui Duan
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Gardner
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Carol Wise
- Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrew Miner
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - M. J. Malloy
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Center for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Clive R. Pullinger
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Center for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - John P. Kane
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Center for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Scott Saccone
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jane Worthington
- Arc Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Bruce
- Arc Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pui–Yan Kwok
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Center for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Alan Menter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - James Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Anne Barton
- Arc Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nancy L. Saccone
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Anne M. Bowcock
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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7
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin disease with a genetic basis. While epidermal hyperplasia and altered keratinocyte differentiation are prominent features, considerable evidence indicates that psoriasis is immunologically mediated. Recently, the identification of HLA-Cw6 as the disease allele conferring susceptibility to psoriasis has provided a focus for elucidation of these events. In this article, we will focus on the epidemiology of psoriasis and its associated arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Box 0932, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0932, USA.
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Zhang XJ, Yan KL, Wang ZM, Yang S, Zhang GL, Fan X, Xiao FL, Gao M, Cui Y, Wang PG, Sun LD, Zhang KY, Wang B, Wang DZ, Xu SJ, Huang W, Liu JJ. Polymorphisms in Interleukin-15 Gene on Chromosome 4q31.2 Are Associated with Psoriasis Vulgaris in Chinese Population. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:2544-51. [PMID: 17554368 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Through a series of linkage analyses in a large Chinese family cohort of psoriasis, we previously identified and confirmed a non-HLA psoriasis linkage locus PSORS9 within a small region at 4q31.2-32.1. Within the critical region of the PSORS9 locus, IL-15 has been long recognized as a strong candidate gene for psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the association between IL-15 genetic polymorphisms and psoriasis in a large Chinese sample. Highly significant evidence for association was identified at a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (g.96516A --> T) within the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the IL-15 gene (P=0.00006, after correction for multiple testing). Haplotype analysis using the SNPs within the 3'UTR region also provided strong supporting evidence for association (P=0.00005), where we identified a haplotype of the 3'UTR region of IL-15 associated with increased risk to psoriasis (odds ratio=1.65). This association was also supported by the results of our expression activity analyses, where we demonstrated that the identified risk haplotype is associated with an increased activity of IL-15. Therefore, we provided early evidence for the important role of IL-15 genetic variants in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, probably by increasing interleukin production and inflammation in the lesions of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology at No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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9
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Watson REB, Poddar R, Walker JM, McGuill I, Hoare LM, Griffiths CEM, O'neill CA. Altered claudin expression is a feature of chronic plaque psoriasis. J Pathol 2007; 212:450-8. [PMID: 17582238 DOI: 10.1002/path.2200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial tight junctions play a central role in cell-cell adhesion and are necessary for the selective paracellular movement of ions. Claudins are key components of tight junctions and their expression is altered in gut epithelia in a variety of inflammatory enteropathies, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 2% of the western population, with significantly increased occurrence in individuals with Crohn's disease. Initial studies investigated the expression of claudins in skin of healthy volunteers and patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. We report here that claudins-1 and -3 are the major protein species present in the epidermis of healthy skin; they are expressed on the surface of epidermal keratinocytes, consistent with their localization to tight junctions. In plaques of psoriasis, claudin-1 was not identifiable in the epidermis, although typical staining patterns were observed in clinically normal, uninvolved skin of patients with psoriasis. Claudin-3 was present in the epidermal granular cell layer in normal skin, but was only identified within the cytosol of epidermal keratinocytes in both involved and uninvolved skin of psoriasis patients. We examined further whether exposure of keratinocytes in vitro to pro-inflammatory cytokines mimicked the observed changes in claudin expression seen in chronic plaque psoriasis; lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma and tumour necrosis factor-alpha had no effect on claudin protein expression or distribution. Addition of interleukin-1beta, however, resulted in down-regulation of claudins-1 and -3. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta were further used in an in vivo model of skin inflammation; interleukin-1beta alone modulated claudin protein expression in this system. These data demonstrate that epidermal claudin expression is altered in chronic plaque psoriasis and that expression is in part modulated by interleukin-1beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E B Watson
- Dermatological Sciences Research Group, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
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10
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Yan KL, Huang W, Zhang XJ, Yang S, Chen YM, Xiao FL, Fan X, Gao M, Cui Y, Zhang GL, Sun LD, Wang PG, Chen JJ, Li W, Chen ZH, Wang ZM, Wang DZ, Zhang KY, Liu JJ. Follow-Up Analysis of PSORS9 in 151 Chinese Families Confirmed the Linkage to 4q31–32 and Refined the Evidence to the Families of Early-Onset Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2007; 127:312-8. [PMID: 17139270 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis linkage to 4q28-32 (PSORS9) was initially identified by our genome-wide scan in 61 Chinese families and subsequently supported by a meta-analysis of five genome-wide linkage scans of European populations. In this study, we performed a follow-up analysis of PSORS9 using an additional 90 families and improved marker coverage. Joint analysis of all 151 families obtained significant linkage evidence (HLOD=4.53, nonparametric linkage (NPL)=4.03 (P=0.000003)) at the marker interval D4S2997-D4S3033, and the same was obtained for the analysis of the independent new families (HLOD=4.33, NPL=3.15 (P=0.00004)). The linkage evidences from the whole families and the new families exceeded the genome-wide criteria for significant linkage. Furthermore, by performing an ordered subset analysis using mean age at onset as a covariate, we demonstrated that evidence for linkage to PSORS9 is concentrated in the early-onset families and suggested that further study of PSORS9 should focus on early-onset patients. This finding is contradictory to what was found in the Icelandic population and, together with other linkage results, suggests that Chinese and European populations are genetically different for linkage to PSORS9, which may partially explain the influence of ethnic factors on the varying prevalence of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lin Yan
- Institute of Dermatology & Department of Dermatology at No.1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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11
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the epidermis and altered keratinocyte differentiation. Psoriasis is currently thought of as a T-cell mediated 'Type-1' autoimmune disease. Gene expression changes in psoriasis lesions have been well documented, and strongly support an important role for tumor necrosis factor and interferon gamma signal pathways in its pathogenesis. The strongest genetic determinant of psoriasis identified to date lies within the class I region of the multiple histocompatibility locus antigen cluster, although its low penetrance implicates a requirement for other genetic risk factors. Multiple genome-wide linkage and an increasing number of association studies have been carried out, leading to multiple linkage peaks, and the identification of potential low risk variants. A number of these variants lie within genes encoding components of the immune system. However, the functional relationships between predisposing genetic variation is unclear, and presumably involves genetic susceptibility factors affecting both immune cell activation and keratinocyte differentiation. The interaction of environmental trigger factors with genetic effects is also not understood, but provide further evidence for the complex basis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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12
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Chan JR, Blumenschein W, Murphy E, Diveu C, Wiekowski M, Abbondanzo S, Lucian L, Geissler R, Brodie S, Kimball AB, Gorman DM, Smith K, de Waal Malefyt R, Kastelein RA, McClanahan TK, Bowman EP. IL-23 stimulates epidermal hyperplasia via TNF and IL-20R2-dependent mechanisms with implications for psoriasis pathogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:2577-87. [PMID: 17074928 PMCID: PMC2118145 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20060244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant cytokine expression has been proposed as an underlying cause of psoriasis, although it is unclear which cytokines play critical roles. Interleukin (IL)-23 is expressed in human psoriasis and may be a master regulator cytokine. Direct intradermal administration of IL-23 in mouse skin, but not IL-12, initiates a tumor necrosis factor-dependent, but IL-17A-independent, cascade of events resulting in erythema, mixed dermal infiltrate, and epidermal hyperplasia associated with parakeratosis. IL-23 induced IL-19 and IL-24 expression in mouse skin, and both genes were also elevated in human psoriasis. IL-23-dependent epidermal hyperplasia was observed in IL-19-/- and IL-24-/- mice, but was inhibited in IL-20R2-/- mice. These data implicate IL-23 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and support IL-20R2 as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Chan
- Discovery Research, Schering-Plough Biopharma (formerly DNAX Research, Inc.), Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
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13
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the skin that is mediated by T cells, dendritic cells and inflammatory cytokines. We now understand many of the cellular alterations that underlie this disease, and genomic approaches have recently been used to assess the alterations of gene expression in psoriatic skin lesions. Genetic susceptibility factors that contribute to predisposition to psoriasis are now also being identified. It is hoped that we will soon be able to correlate the cellular pathogenesis that occurs in psoriasis with these genetic factors. In this Review article, we describe what is known about genes that confer increased susceptibility to psoriasis, and we integrate this with what is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms that occur in other inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Bowcock
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
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14
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Chen JJ, Huang W, Gui JP, Yang S, Zhou FS, Xiong QG, Wu HB, Cui Y, Gao M, Li W, Li JX, Yan KL, Yuan WT, Xu SJ, Liu JJ, Zhang XJ. A novel linkage to generalized vitiligo on 4q13-q21 identified in a genomewide linkage analysis of Chinese families. Am J Hum Genet 2005; 76:1057-65. [PMID: 15809929 PMCID: PMC1196443 DOI: 10.1086/430279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized vitiligo is a common, autoimmune, familial-clustering depigmentary disorder of the skin and hair that results from selective destruction of melanocytes. Generalized vitiligo is likely a heterogeneous disease, with five susceptibility loci reported so far--on chromosomes 1p31, 6p21, 7q, 8p, and 17p13--in white populations. To investigate vitiligo susceptibility loci in the Chinese population, we performed a genomewide linkage analysis in 57 multiplex Chinese families, each with at least two affected siblings, and we identified interesting linkage evidence on 1p36, 4q13-q21, 6p21-p22, 6q24-q25, 14q12-q13, and 22q12. Subsequently, to extract more linkage information, we investigated our initial genomewide linkage findings in a follow-up analysis of 49 new families and additional markers. Our initial genomewide linkage analysis and our subsequent follow-up analysis have identified a novel linkage to vitiligo on 4q13-q21, with highly significant linkage evidence (a nonparametic LOD score of 4.62 [P=.000003] and a heterogeneity LOD score of 4.01, under a recessive inheritance model), suggesting that 4q13-q21 likely harbors a major susceptibility locus for vitiligo in the Chinese population. We observed a minimal overlap between the linkage results of our current genomewide analysis in the Chinese population and the results of previous analyses in white populations, and we thus hypothesize that, as a polygenic disorder, vitiligo may be associated with great genetic heterogeneity and a substantial difference in its genetic basis between ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Chen
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Ping Gui
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sen Yang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fu-Sheng Zhou
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Quan-Geng Xiong
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong-Bo Wu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Cui
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Gao
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Xian Li
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai-Lin Yan
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen-Tao Yuan
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shi-Jie Xu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xue-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Genome Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, Shanghai; Vitiligo Clinic of the Railway Hospital, Xiangfan, Hubei, China; and Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
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