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A newly discovered behavior ('tail-belting') among wild rodents in sub zero conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22449. [PMID: 34789796 PMCID: PMC8599740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents are among the most successful mammals because they have the ability to adapt to a broad range of environmental conditions. Here, we present the first record of a previously unknown thermal adaptation to cold stress that repeatedly occurred in two species of non-commensal rodents (Apodemus flavicollis and Apodemus agrarius). The classic rodent literature implies that rodents prevent heat loss via a broad range of behavioral adaptations including sheltering, sitting on their tails, curling into a ball, or huddling with conspecifics. Here, we have repeatedly observed an undescribed behavior which we refer to as “tail-belting”. This behavior was performed under cold stress, whereby animals lift and curl the tail medially, before resting it on the dorsal, medial rump while feeding or resting. We documented 115 instances of the tail-belting behavior; 38 in Apodemus agrarius, and 77 in Apodemus flavicollis. Thermal imaging data show the tails remained near ambient temperature even when temperatures were below 0 °C. Since the tail-belting occurred only when the temperature dropped below − 6.9 °C (for A. flavicollis) and − 9.5 °C (for A. agrarius), we surmise that frostbite prevention may be the primary reason for this adaptation. It is likely that tail-belting has not previously been documented because free-ranging mice are rarely-recorded in the wild under extreme cold conditions. Given that these animals are so closely-related to laboratory rodents, this knowledge could potentially be relevant to researchers in various disciplines. We conclude by setting several directions for future research in this area.
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Olgun Karacan G, Çolak R, Çolak E. The roles of possible geographic barriers and geological events on the phylogeographic structure of the Eastern broad toothed field mouse ( Apodemus mystacinus). MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Eastern broad toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus, is a rodent species distributed in Turkey, the Middle East, and a few Aegean Islands. The aim of this study is to analyse the phylogeographic structure of A. mystacinus and possible causes of its differentiation, on the basis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences using a large number of new samples from Turkey. In this context, partial mitochondrial sequences of cytochrome b (Cytb), control region (D-loop) and a nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) gene were used to reveal the geographical differentiation among A. mystacinus populations and the validity of its subspecies. The estimated divergence times revealed that the first separation of A. mystacinus into three distinct groups (subspecies of A. mystacinus: A. m. mystacinus, A. m. smyrnensis, and A. m. euxinus) begun 0.641 Mya. The possible physical barriers in Anatolia such as high mountains and rivers could interrupt the gene flow between A. mystacinus populations. The results of the present study indicated that A. mystacinus might have used the high rocky areas along the Anatolian Diagonal as a dispersal way. Moreover, mitochondrial data in this study suggested for the first time that A. m. rhodius is synonymous with the nominative subspecies A. m. mystacinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gül Olgun Karacan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques , Vocational School of Health Services, Aksaray University , Aksaray 68100 , Turkey
| | - Reyhan Çolak
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ercüment Çolak
- Department of Biology , Faculty of Science, Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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Mohammadi Z, Ghorbani F, Kami HG, Khajeh A, Olsson U. Molecular Phylogeny of the Subgenus Karstomys Reveals Genetic Signature of Post-Glacial Colonization of Apodemus mystacinus (Rodentia: Muridae) in the Zagros Mountains from Different Refugia. Zoolog Sci 2021; 38:72-81. [PMID: 33639721 DOI: 10.2108/zs200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Eastern broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus, is a rocky habitat dwelling rodent distributed in Asia Minor, the Levant, the Caucasus, and the Zagros Mountains. In this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationship between different populations of A. mystacinus throughout its range, based on the mitochondrial cytb marker. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of five separately evolving lineages within A. mystacinus, of which two previously unrecognized lineages were identified in the Zagros Mountains and the Levant. Divergence between two major clades of the subgenus Karstomys, corresponding to A. mystacinus and Apodemus epimelas, is inferred to coincide with the Messinian Salinity Crisis (Late Miocene), whereas the splits between major lineages of A. mystacinus are inferred to have occurred during the Pleistocene. Colonization of the Zagros may have occurred from different refugia via eastward migration of the Turkish population and then again by a more recent colonization from the Caucasus, after reopening of the land corridor between the Caucasus and the Zagros Mountains during the Holocene drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinolabedin Mohammadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, 39361-79142, Golestan, Iran, .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, 39361-79142, Golestan, Iran
| | - Haji Gholi Kami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, 39361-79142, Golestan, Iran
| | - Asghar Khajeh
- Department of Crop Productions Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Higher Educational Complex of Saravan, Saravan 99516-34145, Iran
| | - Urban Olsson
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Systematics and Biodiversity, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.,Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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Kolendrianou M, Ligkovanlis S, Maniakas I, Tzortzi M, Iliopoulos G. The Palaeolithic cave of Kalamakia (Mani Peninsula), Greece: new insights on the palaeoenvironment using microvertebrates and mesowear analysis of ruminant teeth. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03958. [PMID: 32490227 PMCID: PMC7253483 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, results from the examination of mammalian teeth from the cave of Kalamakia with modern techniques, as well as a qualitative overview of the microvertebrate and lithic material, are presented together with a revision of previous related work done for the site, in order to assess the palaeoenvironmental conditions in the area and the role they played in the Neanderthal's repeated occupation of the cave. Geometric morphometrics analyses performed on the first lower molars of Microtus spp. individuals revealed persistent populations of the subgenus Terricola, in which the presence of Microtus thomasi and Microtus subterraneus are continuous through the stratigraphic units. Mesowear analyses performed on ruminant teeth showed no significant variation in toothwear through time, except for relatively elevated levels of dietary abrasion for the more recent samples. The study of the lithics revealed that Neanderthals visited the cave in alternating short and more permanent episodes of occupation, with the human occupants exhibiting special concern for raw material economy, while exploiting poor raw materials for the construction of their tools. The overview of the microvertebrate remains showed a growing trend towards the upper stratigraphic units, where taxa typical of temperate climate, open woodland and shrubland become more dominant. These results, along with observations derived from previous studies, suggest that temperate climate and open environment were the factors that mainly contributed to making the cave of Kalamakia attractive as a habitation site to the humans of the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kolendrianou
- Department of Geology, University of Patras, GR- 26504, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Maniakas
- Department of Geology, University of Patras, GR- 26504, Rio, Patras, Greece
- Natural History Museum of Crete, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Knosos Avenue, GR-71409, Irakleio, Greece
| | - Marianthi Tzortzi
- Department of Geology, University of Patras, GR- 26504, Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - George Iliopoulos
- Department of Geology, University of Patras, GR- 26504, Rio, Patras, Greece
- Corresponding author.
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Orekhova NYA. Hepatic effects of low-dose rate radiation in natural mouse populations ( Apodemus uralensis and Apodemus agrarius): comparative interspecific analysis. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1038-1050. [PMID: 32412327 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1770362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hypothesis: Natural mouse populations in radioactive contamination zone provide adequate information about dose loads and biological effects for 'non-human biota'. The comparative analysis of the responses of different species of mice allows us to reveal the possible variation in the effects of low-dose rate radiation relative to the ecological-physiological and functional-metabolic features of the species.Materials and methods: Objects of study - two sympatric rodent species [pygmy wood mouse (Apodemus uralensis Pallas, 1811) and striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1771)] caught on the territory of the East-Ural radioactive trace (EURT). The EURT zone is consequence the Kyshtym accident in South Urals in 1957. Nowadays, the main dose-forming radionuclide is β-emitting 90Sr. The individual dose rate of impacted mice caused by internal exposure to 90Sr varied from 0.021 to 0.152 mGy/day. The baseline functional-metabolic characteristics of the liver were researched: protein-, lipid-, and glycogen-synthesizing processes; glycolysis; aerobic synthesis of ATP; lipid peroxidation; and the H2O2-scavenging enzymatic status; and the functional activity of the genome.Results: The hepatic shifts for impacted populations are amplified with increasing dose rate of irradiation, regardless of which species is considered. But, the response of closely related species of rodents to irradiation is different both in the vector and the level (in A. agrarius sample was 2 time higher than that for A. uralensis).Conclusion: The radiation-induced hepatic shifts in A. uralensis from the EURT area correspond to the chronic response under stressful environmental conditions. The impacted population of A. agrarius can be considered the more reactive species to the radiation burden, demonstrating an acute effect. The interspecies contrast in the radiation response is associated with the original interspecies differences (background rodents' samples in 28 km from the impact study site), and also the degree of residency of the species in the impact plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natal Ya A Orekhova
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
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6
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Okulova NM, Bogdanov AS, Baskevich MI, Orlov VN, Popova YV, Antonets NV, Lavrenchenko LA. Skull Sizes and Proportions in Western Palearctic Wood Mice (Sylvaemus, Muridae, Rodentia) from Eastern Europe: 2. Intraspecific Variability. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019080119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Okulova NM, Bogdanov AS, Baskevich MI, Orlov VN, Antonets NV, Popova YV, Lavrenchenko LA. Skull Sizes and Proportions in Western Palearctic Wood Mice (Sylvaemus, Muridae, Rodentia) from Eastern Europe: 1. Interspecific Variability. BIOL BULL+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359019080107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Ge D, Feijó A, Cheng J, Lu L, Liu R, Abramov AV, Xia L, Wen Z, Zhang W, Shi L, Yang Q. Evolutionary history of field mice (Murinae: Apodemus), with emphasis on morphological variation among species in China and description of a new species. Zool J Linn Soc 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMice of the genus Apodemus are widely distributed across Eurasia. Several species of this genus are hosts of important zoonotic diseases and parasites. The evolutionary history and dispersal routes of these mice remain unclear and the distribution of these species in China was poorly explored in previous studies. We here investigate the divergence times and historical geographical evolution of Apodemus and study the taxonomy of species in China by integrating molecular and morphological data. The crown age of this genus is dated to the Late Miocene, approximately 9.84 Mya. Western and Central Asia were inferred as the most likely ancestral area of this genus. Moreover, we recognize nine living species of Apodemus in China: Apodemus uralensis, A. agrarius, A. chevrieri, A. latronum, A. peninsulae, A. draco, A. ilex, A. semotus and A. nigrus sp. nov., the last from the highlands (elevation > 1984 m) of Fanjing Mountain in Guizhou Province and Jinfo Mountain in Chongqing Province. This new species diverged from A. draco, A. semotus and A. ilex approximately 4.53 Mya. The discovery of A. nigrus highlights the importance of high mountains as refugia and ‘isolated ecological islands’ for temperate species in south-eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jilong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Alexei V Abramov
- Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Joint Russian–Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Centre, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lei Shi
- Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, Tongren, China
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
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9
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Balasanyan V, Yavruyan E, Somerová B, Abramjan A, Landová E, Munclinger P, Frynta D. High Diversity of mtDNA Haplotypes Confirms Syntopic Occurrence of Two Field Mouse Species Apodemus uralensis and A. witherbyi (Muridae: Apodemus) in Armenia. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418060030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Mysteries of host switching: Diversification and host specificity in rodent-coccidia associations. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 127:179-189. [PMID: 29753710 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies show that host switching is much more frequent than originally believed and constitutes an important driver in evolution of host-parasite associations. However, its frequency and ecological mechanisms at the population level have been rarely investigated. We address this issue by analyzing phylogeny and population genetics of an extensive sample, from a broad geographic area, for commonly occurring parasites of the genus Eimeria within the abundant rodent genera Apodemus, Microtus and Myodes, using two molecular markers. At the most basal level, we demonstrate polyphyletic arrangement, i.e. multiple origin, of the rodent-specific clusters within the Eimeria phylogeny, and strong genetic/phylogenetic structure within these lineages determined at least partially by specificities to different host groups. However, a novel and the most important observation is a repeated occurrence of host switches among closely related genetic lineages which may become rapidly fixed. Within the studied model, this phenomenon applies particularly to the switches between the eimerians from Apodemus flavicollis/Apodemus sylvaticus and Apodemus agrarius groups. We show that genetic differentiation and isolation between A. flavicollis/A. sylvaticus and A. agrarius faunas is a secondary recent event and does not reflect host-parasite coevolutionary history. Rather, it provides an example of rapid ecology-based differentiation in the parasite population.
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11
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Sozio G, Curini V, Pascucci I, Cammà C, Di Domenico M. A new fast real-time PCR method for the identification of three sibling Apodemus species ( A. sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, and A. alpicola) in Italy. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:4807-4814. [PMID: 29876059 PMCID: PMC5980278 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of field mice Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus sylvaticus, and Apodemus alpicola represents a challenge for field scientists due to their highly overlapping morphological traits and habitats. Here, we propose a new fast real-time PCR method to discriminate the three species by species-specific TaqMan assays. Primers and probes were designed based on the alignment of 54 cyt-b partial sequences from 25 different European countries retrieved from GenBank. TaqMan assays were then tested on 133 samples from three different areas of Italy. Real-time PCR analysis showed 92 samples classified as A. flavicollis, 13 as A. sylvaticus, and 28 as A. alpicola. We did not observe any double amplification and DNA sequencing confirmed species assignment obtained by the TaqMan assays. The method is implementable on different matrices (ear tissues, tail, and blood). It can be used on dead specimens or on alive animals with minimally invasive sampling, and given the high sensitivity, the assay may be also suitable for degraded or low-DNA samples. The method proved to work well to discriminate between the species analyzed. Furthermore, it gives clear results (amplified or not) and it does not require any postamplification handling of PCR product, reducing the time needed for the analyses and the risk of carryover contamination. It therefore represents a valuable tool for field ecologists, conservationists, and epidemiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Sozio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”TeramoItaly
| | - Valentina Curini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”TeramoItaly
| | - Ilaria Pascucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”TeramoItaly
| | - Cesare Cammà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”TeramoItaly
| | - Marco Di Domenico
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”TeramoItaly
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Čondlová Š, Horčičková M, Sak B, Květoňová D, Hlásková L, Konečný R, Stanko M, McEvoy J, Kváč M. Cryptosporidium apodemi sp. n. and Cryptosporidium ditrichi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in Apodemus spp. Eur J Protistol 2018; 63:1-12. [PMID: 29360041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Faecal samples from striped field mice (n = 72) and yellow-necked mice (n = 246) were screened for Cryptosporidium by microscopy and PCR/sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of small-subunit rRNA, Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein and actin gene sequences revealed the presence of C. parvum, C. hominis, C. muris and two new species, C. apodemi and C. ditrichi. Oocysts of C. apodemi are smaller than C. ditrichi and both are experimentally infectious for yellow-necked mice but not for common voles. Additionally, infection by C. ditrichi was established in one of three BALB/c mice. The prepatent period was 7-9 and 5-6 days post infection for C. apodemi and C. ditrichi, respectively. The patent period was greater than 30 days for both species. Infection intensity of C. ditrichi ranged from 4000-50,000 oocyst per gram of faeces and developmental stages of C. ditrichi were detected in the jejunum and ileum. In contrast, neither oocysts nor endogenous developmental stages of C. apodemi were detected in faecal or tissue samples, although C. apodemi DNA was detected in contents from the small and large intestine. Morphological, genetic, and biological data support the establishment of C. apodemi and C. ditrichi as a separate species of the genus Cryptosporidium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Čondlová
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Horčičková
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Sak
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Květoňová
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Hlásková
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Konečný
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | | | - John McEvoy
- Microbiological Sciences Department, North Dakota State University, Fargo, USA
| | - Martin Kváč
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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14
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Knitlová M, Horáček I. Late Pleistocene-Holocene paleobiogeography of the genus Apodemus in Central Europe. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173668. [PMID: 28282422 PMCID: PMC5345881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood mice of the genus Apodemus are an essential component of small mammal communities throughout Europe. Molecular data suggest the postglacial colonization of current ranges from south European glacial refugia, different in particular species. Yet, details on the course of colonization and Holocene history of particular species are not available, partly because of a lack of reliable criteria for species identification in the fossil record. Using a sample of extant species, we analyzed variation patterns and between-species overlaps for a large set of metric and non-metric dental variables and established the criteria enabling the reliable species identification of fragmentary fossil material. The corresponding biometrical analyses were undertaken with fossil material of the genus (2528 items, 747 MNI) from 22 continuous sedimentary series in the Czech Republic and Slovakia, from LGM to Recent. In Central Europe, the genus is invariantly absent in LGM assemblages but regularly appears during the Late Vistulian. All the earliest records belong to A. flavicollis, the species clearly predominating in the fossil record until the Late Holocene. A. uralensis accompanied it in all regions until the late Boreal when disappeared from the fossil record (except for Pannonia). A few items identified as A. sylvaticus had already appeared in the early Holocene assemblages, first in the western part of the region, yet the regular appearance of the species is mostly in the post-Neolithic age. A. agrarius appeared sparsely from the Boreal with a maximum frequency during the post-Neolithic period. The results conform well to the picture suggested by molecular phylogeography but demonstrate considerable differences among particular species in dynamic of the range colonization. Further details concerning Holocene paleobiogeography of individual species in the medium latitude Europe are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Knitlová
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Horáček
- Department of Zoology, Charles University, Viničná 7, Praha 2, Czech Republic
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15
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Rubtsov NB, Karamysheva TV, Bogdanov AS, Kartavtseva IV, Bochkarev MN, Iwasa MA. Comparative analysis of DNA homology in pericentric regions of chromosomes of wood mice from genera Apodemus and Sylvaemus. RUSS J GENET+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795415120091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Lalis A, Leblois R, Liefried S, Ouarour A, Reddy Beeravolu C, Michaux J, Hamani A, Denys C, Nicolas V. New molecular data favour an anthropogenic introduction of the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus
) in North Africa. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aude Lalis
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution; Biodiversité ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS MNHN UMPC EPHE; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| | | | - Sohaib Liefried
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé; Faculté des Sciences; Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi; Tétouan Maroc
| | - Ali Ouarour
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Santé; Faculté des Sciences; Université Abdelmalek Essaâdi; Tétouan Maroc
| | | | - Johan Michaux
- Unité de génétique de la conservation; Institut de Botanique; Université de Liège (Sart Tilman); Liège Belgique
| | - Adel Hamani
- Laboratoire d'Ornithologie; Département de Zoologie; ENSA El Harrach; Alger Algeria
| | - Christiane Denys
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution; Biodiversité ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS MNHN UMPC EPHE; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
| | - Violaine Nicolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution; Biodiversité ISYEB UMR 7205 - CNRS MNHN UMPC EPHE; Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Sorbonne Universités; Paris France
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Zhigileva ON. Allozyme variability and the population genetic structure of the mice Apodemus agrarius, Mus musculus, and Sylvaemus uralensis (Rodenita, Muridae) in Western Siberia. RUSS J GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795414080122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jojić V, Bugarski-Stanojević V, Blagojević J, Vujošević M. Discrimination of the sibling species Apodemus flavicollis and A. sylvaticus (Rodentia, Muridae). ZOOL ANZ 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bugarski-Stanojević V, Blagojević J, Adnađević T, Jovanović V, Vujošević M. Identification of the sibling species Apodemus sylvaticus and Apodemus flavicollis (Rodentia, Muridae)—Comparison of molecular methods. ZOOL ANZ 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jojić V, Nenadović J, Blagojević J, Paunović M, Cvetković D, Vujošević M. Phenetic relationships among four Apodemus species (Rodentia, Muridae) inferred from skull variation. ZOOL ANZ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2011.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bogdanov AS, Stakheev VV, Zykov AE, Yakimenko VV, Mal’kova MG. Genetic variation and differentiation of wood mice from the genus Sylvaemus inferred from sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene fragment. RUSS J GENET+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795412020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Rubtsov NB, Karamysheva TV, Bogdanov AS, Likhoshvay TV, Kartavtseva IV. Comparative FISH analysis of C-positive regions of chromosomes of wood mice (Rodentia, Muridae, Sylvaemus). RUSS J GENET+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795411090158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Stakheev VV, Bogdanov AS, Vodolazhsky DI. Revision of the species composition of the wood mice from the genus Sylvaemus from the territory of Rostov oblast using karyological, allozyme and molecular genetic analysis. RUSS J GENET+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795411050152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Modorov MV, Pozolotina VN. Allozyme variation of the pygmy wood mouse Apodemus uralensis (Rodenita, Muridae) in the ural region. RUSS J GENET+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795411030094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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BUGARSKI-STANOJEVIĆ VANJA, BLAGOJEVIĆ JELENA, STAMENKOVIĆ GORANA, ADNAĐEVIĆ TANJA, GIAGIA-ATHANASOPOULOU EVAB, VUJOŠEVIĆ MLADEN. Comparative study of the phylogenetic structure in sixApodemusspecies (Mammalia, Rodentia) inferred from ISSR-PCR data. SYST BIODIVERS 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2011.560970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Gortat T, Gryczyńska-Siemiątkowska A, Rutkowski R, Kozakiewicz A, Mikoszewski A, Kozakiewicz M. Landscape pattern and genetic structure of a yellow-necked mouse Apodemus flavicollis population in north-eastern Poland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4098/j.at.0001-7051.102.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Bogdanov AS, Atopkin DM, Chelomina GN. Analysis of genetic variation and differentiation in the pygmy wood mouse Sylvaemus uralensis (Rodentia, Muridae) aided by the RAPD-PCR method. BIOL BULL+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359009030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Clift LE, Andrlikova P, Frolikova M, Stopka P, Bryja J, Flanagan BF, Johnson PM, Dvorakova-Hortova K. Absence of spermatozoal CD46 protein expression and associated rapid acrosome reaction rate in striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius). Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2009; 7:29. [PMID: 19371423 PMCID: PMC2678130 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-7-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rodents, the cell surface complement regulatory protein CD46 is expressed solely on the spermatozoal acrosome membrane. Ablation of the CD46 gene is associated with a faster acrosome reaction. Sperm from Apodemus flavicollis (yellow-necked field mice), A. microps (pygmy field mice) and A. sylvaticus (European wood mice) fail to express CD46 protein and exhibit a more rapid acrosome reaction rate than Mus (house mice) or BALB/c mice. A. agrarius (striped field mice) belong to a different Apodemus subgenus and have pronounced promiscuity and large relative testis size. The aim of this study was to determine whether A. agrarius sperm fail to express CD46 protein and, if so, whether A. agrarius have a faster acrosome reaction than Mus. METHODS Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess whether A. agrarius transcribe testicular CD46 mRNA. RT-PCR was supplemented with 3'- and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends to determine the complete nucleotide sequence of A. agrarius CD46. Fluorescence microscopy was used to assess whether CD46 protein is expressed by A. agrarius sperm. The acrosome status of A. agrarius sperm was calculated over time by immunocytochemistry using peanut agglutinin lectin. RESULTS We demonstrate that A. agrarius mice transcribe two unique alternatively spliced testicular CD46 mRNA transcripts, both lacking exon 7, which differ from those described previously in other Apodemus species. The larger A. agrarius CD46 transcript has an insert between exons 10 and 11 which, if translated, would result in a novel cytoplasmic tail. In addition, A. agrarius CD46 transcripts have an extended AU-rich 3'-untranslated region (UTR) and a truncated 5'-UTR, resulting in failure to express spermatozoal CD46 protein. We show that A. agrarius has a significantly faster spontaneous acrosome reaction rate than A. sylvaticus and Mus. CONCLUSION Absence of CD46 protein expression is associated with acrosomal instability in rodents. A. agrarius mice express novel CD46 transcripts, resulting in the trade of spermatozoal CD46 protein expression for a rapid acrosome reaction rate, in common with other species of field mice. This provides a strategy to increase competitive sperm advantage for individuals, leading to faster fertilisation in this highly promiscuous genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne E Clift
- Division of Immunology, School of Infection and Host Defence, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Petra Andrlikova
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Frolikova
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bryja
- Department of Population Biology, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Brian F Flanagan
- Division of Immunology, School of Infection and Host Defence, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter M Johnson
- Division of Immunology, School of Infection and Host Defence, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Bugarski-Stanojevi V, Blagojevi J, Adnaevi T, Joji V, Vujoevi M. Molecular phylogeny and distribution of threeApodemusspecies (Muridae, Rodentia) in Serbia. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2007.00452.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Geography and host biogeography matter for understanding the phylogeography of a parasite. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 47:538-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Suzuki H, Filippucci MG, Chelomina GN, Sato JJ, Serizawa K, Nevo E. A Biogeographic View of Apodemus in Asia and Europe Inferred From Nuclear and Mitochondrial Gene Sequences. Biochem Genet 2008; 46:329-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-008-9149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2007] [Revised: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Siahsarvie R, Darvish J. Geometric morphometric analysis of Iranian wood mice of the genus Apodemus (Rodentia, Muridae). MAMMALIA 2008. [DOI: 10.1515/mamm.2008.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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Balakirev AE, Baskevich MI, Gmyl AP, Okulova NM, Andreeva TA, Sokolenko OV, Malygin VM, Khlyap LA, Oparin ML, Orlov VN. On the taxonomic rank of ciscaucasicus and its relationships with the pygmy wood mouse Sylvaemus uralensis inferred from the mtDNA cytochrome b gene sequence. RUSS J GENET+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795407120083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Chelomina GN, Atopkin DM, Bogdanov AS. Phylogenetic relationships between species and intraspecific forms of forest mice from the genus Sylvaemus as determined by partial sequencing of the cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial DNA. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2007; 416:356-359. [PMID: 18047017 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496607050092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G N Chelomina
- Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Division, Russian Acadenmy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia
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Javidkar M, Darvish J, Riahi Bakhtiari A. Morphological and morphometric analyses of dental and cranial characters in Apodemus hyrcanicus and A. witherbyi (Rodentia: Muridae) from Iran. MAMMALIA 2007. [DOI: 10.1515/mamm.2007.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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36
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Barčiová L, Macholán M. Morphometric study of two species of wood miceApodemus sylvaticus andA. flavicollis (Rodentia: Muridae): traditional and geometric morphometric approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03192651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Kryštufek B, Janžekovič F. Relative warp analysis of cranial and upper molar shape in rock miceApodemus mystacinus sensu lato. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03192642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mzilikazi N, Lovegrove BG. Noradrenalin induces thermogenesis in a phylogenetically ancient eutherian mammal, the rock elephant shrew, Elephantulus myurus. J Comp Physiol B 2005; 176:75-84. [PMID: 16317548 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-005-0035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2005] [Revised: 09/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/27/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of endothermy is thought to have been facilitated by the advent of endothermic energy sources such as brown adipose tissue (BAT), the principal site of non-shivering thermogenesis (NST). In marsupials, heat is primarily produced through shivering and NST in skeletal muscle because BAT is either absent or appears to be non-functional. The most basal group of the eutherian lineage are the Afrotheria. Rock elephant shrews, Elephantulus myurus are amongst the smallest members of the Afrotheria and are also known to use exogenous passive heating. The aim of this study was to determine whether the reliance on passive heating compromised the capacity for thermogenesis in E. myurus. We measured the thermogenic response to noradrenalin (NA) injection in E. myurus acclimated to short photoperiod. The thermogenic response at 25 degrees C was 1.58 ml O(2) g(-1) h(-1). We used phylogenetically independent analyses to establish how this thermogenic response compared to other eutherians that display classical NST. The thermogenic response of E. myurus was not significantly different from phylogenetically independent allometric predictions. However, it is unclear whether this thermogenic response is indicative of classical NST and molecular data are required to verify the presence of BAT and UCPs in elephant shrews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomakwezi Mzilikazi
- Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
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Meyer-Lucht Y, Sommer S. MHC diversity and the association to nematode parasitism in the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis). Mol Ecol 2005; 14:2233-43. [PMID: 15910340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2005.02557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) are among the most debated candidates accounting for co-evolutionary processes of host-parasite interaction at the molecular level. The exceptionally high allelic polymorphism found in MHC loci is believed to be maintained by pathogen-driven selection, mediated either through heterozygous advantage or rare allele advantage (= frequency dependent selection). While investigations under natural conditions are still very rare, studies on humans or mice under laboratory conditions revealed support for both hypotheses. We investigated nematode burden and allelic diversity of a functional important MHC class II gene (DRB exon2) in free-ranging yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis). Twenty-seven distinct Apfl-DRB alleles were detected in 146 individuals with high levels of amino acid sequence divergence, especially at the antigen binding sites (ABS), indicating selection processes acting on this locus. Heterozygosity had no influence on the infection status (being infected or not), the number of different nematode infections (NNI) or the intensity of infection, measured as the individual faecal egg count (FEC). However, significant associations of specific Apfl-DRB alleles to both nematode susceptibility and resistance were found, for all nematodes as well as in separate analyses of the two most common nematodes. Apodemus flavicollis individuals carrying the alleles Apfl-DRB*5 or Apfl-DRB*15 revealed significantly higher FEC than individuals with other alleles. In contrast, the allele Apfl-DRB*23 showed a significant association to low FEC of the most common nematode. Thus, our results provide evidence for pathogen-driven selection acting through rare allele advantage under natural conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Meyer-Lucht
- Department Animal Ecology & Conservation, Biozentrum Grindel, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D - 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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MICHAUX JOHAN, BELLINVIA ERICA, LYMBERAKIS PETROS. Taxonomy, evolutionary history and biogeography of the broad-toothed field mouse (Apodemus mystacinus) in the eastern Mediterranean area based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00469.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Michaux JR, Libois R, Paradis E, Filippucci MG. Phylogeographic history of the yellow-necked fieldmouse (Apodemus flavicollis) in Europe and in the Near and Middle East. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2005; 32:788-98. [PMID: 15288056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2003] [Revised: 02/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The exact location of glacial refugia and the patterns of postglacial range expansion of European mammals are not yet completely elucidated. Therefore, further detailed studies covering a large part of the Western Palearctic region are still needed. In this order, we sequenced 972 bp of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (mtDNA cyt b) from 124 yellow-necked fieldmice (Apodemus flavicollis) collected from 53 European localities. The aims of the study were to answer the following questions: Did the Mediterranean peninsulas act as the main refuge for yellow-necked fieldmouse or did the species also survive in more easterly refugia (the Caucasus or the southern Ural) and in Central Europe? What is the role of Turkey and Near East regions as Quaternary glacial refuges for this species and as a source for postglacial recolonisers of the Western Palearctic region? The results provide a clear picture of the impact of the quaternary glaciations on the genetic and geographic structure of the fieldmouse. This species survived the ice ages in two main refuges, the first one in the Italo-Balkan region; the second one in Turkey and the Near East regions. It is from the Balkan refuge that it recolonised all European regions at the end of the last glaciation. The Turkish and Near East populations are distinct from the European ones and they did not recolonise the Palearctic region probably because: (i) they were blocked by the Black Sea and the Caucasus, (ii) the long term presence of fieldmice populations in the Balkans prevented their expansion. These are genetically differentiated from the European and Russian ones and could be described as a particular subspecies. This result emphasises the importance of Turkey and the Near and Middle East regions as a refuge for Palearctic mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Michaux
- Unité de Recherches Zoogéographiques, Institut de Zoologie, Quai Van Beneden, 22, 4020 Liège, Belgium.
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Vuorinen JA, Eskelinen O. Long-term stability of allozyme frequencies in a wood lemming, Myopus schisticolor, population with a biased sex ratio and density fluctuations. Heredity (Edinb) 2005; 94:443-7. [PMID: 15674383 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood lemming (Myopus schisticolor) populations are characterized by female biased sex ratios and cyclic variations in population size. Both of these characteristics are assumed to reduce genetic variation and thus affect the evolutionary adaptation of the species. We addressed these questions by studying the genetic structure of a wood lemming population from eastern Finland by isozyme markers during a 21-year period, which corresponds to 40-50 generations. Contingency tests showed that genotypic proportions conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in each of the four sampling years. Among the temporal replicates, allele frequencies differed most by 0.14 and were not significant. Genetic variation was also stable and fairly high with a mean observed heterozygosity of H = 0.057. Variability in the Heinavesi population was higher than previously reported in wood lemming. The difference was mainly caused by variation at a phosphoglucomutase locus that was monomorphic in earlier studies. Significant linkage disequilibrium was observed in three of the comparisons but the disequilibrium did not appear consistently in all years. This pattern was also evidenced by the variance components, which indicated that selection favoured for specific allele pairs only in few subsamples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Vuorinen
- Department of Biology, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, FIN-80101 Joensuu, Finland.
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43
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Liu X, Wei F, Li M, Jiang X, Feng Z, Hu J. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomy of wood mice (genus Apodemus Kaup, 1829) based on complete mtDNA cytochrome b sequences, with emphasis on Chinese species. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2004; 33:1-15. [PMID: 15324834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2004.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2003] [Revised: 03/02/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships among 15 species of wood mice (genus Apodemus) were reconstructed to explore some long-standing taxonomic problems. The results provided support for the monophyly of the genus Apodemus, but could not reject the hypothesis of paraphyly for this genus. Our data divided the 15 species into four major groups: (1) the Sylvaemus group (A. sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, A. alpicola, and A. uralensis), (2) the Apodemus group (A. peninsulae, A. chevreri, A. agrarius, A. speciosus, A. draco, A. ilex, A. semotus, A. latronum, and A. mystacinus), (3) A. argenteus, and (4) A. gurkha. Our results also suggested that orestes should be a valid subspecies of A. draco rather than an independent species; in contrast, A. ilex from Yunnan may be regarded as a separate species rather than a synonym of orestes or draco. The species level status of A. latronum, tscherga as synonyms of A. uralensis, and A. chevrieri as a valid species and the closest sibling species of A. agrarius were further corroborated by our data. Applying a molecular clock with the divergences of Mus and Rattus set at 12 million years ago (Mya) as a calibration point, it was estimated that five old lineages (A. mystacinus and four major groups above) diverged in the late Miocene (7.82-12.74 Mya). Then the Apodemus group (excluding A. mystacinus) split into two subgroups: agrarius and draco, at about 7.17-9.95 Mya. Four species of the Sylvaemus group were estimated to diverge at about 2.92-5.21 Mya. The Hengduan Mountains Region was hypothesized to have played important roles in Apodemus evolutionary histories since the Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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44
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Michaux JR, Libois R, Filippucci MG. So close and so different: comparative phylogeography of two small mammal species, the Yellow-necked fieldmouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and the Woodmouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) in the Western Palearctic region. Heredity (Edinb) 2004; 94:52-63. [PMID: 15329664 DOI: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, concordant geographical distribution among genetic lineages within different species is rare, which suggests distinct reactions to Quaternary ice ages. This study aims to determine whether such a discrepancy also affects a pair of sympatric species, which are morphologically and taxonomically closely related but which have slight differences in their ecological habits. The phylogeographic structures of two European rodents, the Yellow-necked fieldmouse (A. flavicollis) and the woodmouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) were, therefore, compared on the basis of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (mtDNA cyt b) sequences (965 base pairs) from 196 specimens collected from 59 European localities spread throughout the species distributions. The results indicate that the two species survived in different ways through the Quaternary glaciations. A. sylvaticus survived in the Iberian Peninsula from where it recolonized almost all Europe at the end of the last glaciation. Conversely, the refuge from which A. flavicollis recolonized Europe, including northern Spain, during the Holocene corresponds to the Italo-Balkan area, where A. sylvaticus suffered a serious genetic bottleneck. This study confirms that even closely related species may have highly different phylogeographic histories and shows the importance of ecological plasticity of the species for their survival through climate change. Finally, it suggests that phylogeographic distinctiveness may be a general feature of European species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Michaux
- Unité de Recherches Zoogéographiques, Institut de Zoologie, Quai Van Beneden, 22, 4020 Liège, Belgium.
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SUZUKI HITOSHI, SATO JUNJ, TSUCHIYA KIMIYUKI, LUO JING, ZHANG YAPING, WANG YINGXIANG, Jiang XL. Molecular phylogeny of wood mice (Apodemus, Muridae) in East Asia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00253.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Michaux JR, Chevret P, Filippucci MG, Macholan M. Phylogeny of the genus Apodemus with a special emphasis on the subgenus Sylvaemus using the nuclear IRBP gene and two mitochondrial markers: cytochrome b and 12S rRNA. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2002; 23:123-36. [PMID: 12069545 DOI: 10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships among 17 extant species of Murinae, with special reference to the genus Apodemus, were investigated using sequence data from the nuclear protein-coding gene IRBP (15 species) and the two mitochondrial genes cytochrome b and 12S rRNA (17 species). The analysis of the three genes does not resolve the relationships between Mus, Apodemus, and Rattus but separates Micromys from these three genera. The analysis of the two mitochondrial regions supported an association between Apodemus and Tokudaia and indicated that these two genera are more closely related to Mus than to Rattus or Micromys. Within Apodemus, the mitochondrial data sets indicated that 8 of the 9 species analyzed can be sorted into two main groups: an Apodemus group, with A. agrarius, semotus, and peninsulae, and a Sylvaemus group, with uralensis, flavicollis, alpicola, sylvaticus, and hermonensis. The position of Apodemus mystacinus is ambiguous and might be either included in Sylvaemus or considered a distinct subgenus, Karstomys, more closely related to Sylvaemus than to Apodemus. Estimation of the divergence time for these taxa suggests a separation between 7 and 8 My ago for the three groups (mystacinus and the two subgenera Apodemus and Sylvaemus). Within each subgenus, divergence times are between 5.4 and 6 My for Apodemus and between 2.2 and 3.5 My for Sylvaemus and mystacinus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Michaux
- Unité de Recherches Zoogéographiques, Institut de Zoologie, Quai Van Beneden, 22, 4020 Liège, Belgium.
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