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Machado AP, Cumer T, Iseli C, Beaudoing E, Ducrest AL, Dupasquier M, Guex N, Dichmann K, Lourenço R, Lusby J, Martens HD, Prévost L, Ramsden D, Roulin A, Goudet J. Unexpected post-glacial colonisation route explains the white colour of barn owls (Tyto alba) from the British Isles. Mol Ecol 2021; 31:482-497. [PMID: 34695244 PMCID: PMC9298239 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The climate fluctuations of the Quaternary shaped the movement of species in and out of glacial refugia. In Europe, the majority of species followed one of the described traditional postglacial recolonization routes from the southern peninsulas towards the north. Like most organisms, barn owls are assumed to have colonized the British Isles by crossing over Doggerland, a land bridge that connected Britain to northern Europe. However, while they are dark rufous in northern Europe, barn owls in the British Isles are conspicuously white, a contrast that could suggest selective forces are at play on the islands. Yet, our analysis of known candidate genes involved in coloration found no signature of selection. Instead, using whole genome sequences and species distribution modelling, we found that owls colonised the British Isles soon after the last glaciation, directly from a white coloured refugium in the Iberian Peninsula, before colonising northern Europe. They would have followed a hitherto unknown post‐glacial colonization route to the Isles over a westwards path of suitable habitat in now submerged land in the Bay of Biscay, thus not crossing Doggerland. As such, they inherited the white colour of their Iberian founders and maintained it through low gene flow with the mainland that prevents the import of rufous alleles. Thus, we contend that neutral processes probably explain this contrasting white colour compared to continental owls. With the barn owl being a top predator, we expect future research will show this unanticipated route was used by other species from its paleo community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Machado
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tristan Cumer
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Iseli
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Anne-Lyse Ducrest
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Nicolas Guex
- Bioinformatics Competence Centre, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Rui Lourenço
- Laboratory of Ornithology, Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, IIFA, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - John Lusby
- BirdWatch Ireland, Kilcoole, Co., Wicklow, Ireland
| | | | - Laure Prévost
- Association CHENE, Centre d'Hébergement et d'Etude sur la Nature et l'Environnement, Allouville-Bellefosse, France
| | | | - Alexandre Roulin
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Goudet
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
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2
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O’Reilly C, Turner P, O’Mahony DT, Twining JP, Tosh DG, Smal C, McAney K, Powell C, Power J, O’Meara DB. Not out of the woods yet: genetic insights related to the recovery of the pine marten (Martes martes) in Ireland. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the history of the pine marten (Martes martes) in Ireland is reviewed, revealing that the population has undergone several retractions and expansions over the last few hundred years. Here, we consider the genetic legacy of this flux in fortunes and its likely impacts upon the conservation and future recovery of the species. Using nuclear DNA markers (microsatellites), we found that the genetic diversity present in Ireland today is like that of other Irish carnivores, but there is evidence of a genetic bottleneck and low effective population size that might result in further reductions of diversity in the future. There is a lack of genetic structure, showing that the population has not been fragmented genetically, despite the low percentage of woodland in Ireland. We also reviewed the mitochondrial DNA diversity present in the Irish population and showed that there is only one contemporary and one extinct haplotype present; a reduced diversity relative to other Irish carnivores. The Irish haplotypes, both extant and extinct, are shared or are genetically similar to haplotypes commonly present in southern Europe today. We discuss the possibility of reinforcing the Irish population with animals from these sources to help supplement and maintain genetic diversity for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine O’Reilly
- Molecular Ecology Research Group, Eco-innovation Research Centre, School of Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Peter Turner
- Molecular Ecology Research Group, Eco-innovation Research Centre, School of Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | | | - Joshua P Twining
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - David G Tosh
- National Museums Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Christopher Smal
- Ecological Solutions, Rathdown Upper, Greystones, County Wicklow, Ireland
| | - Kate McAney
- Vincent Wildlife Trust, Donaghpatrick, Headford, County Galway, Ireland
| | - Ciara Powell
- Molecular Ecology Research Group, Eco-innovation Research Centre, School of Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - John Power
- Molecular Ecology Research Group, Eco-innovation Research Centre, School of Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Denise B O’Meara
- Molecular Ecology Research Group, Eco-innovation Research Centre, School of Science and Computing, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
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3
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Sanz N, Vidal O, García S, Molina R, Araguas RM. Molecular characterization of spiny hedgehogs of the Iberian Peninsula: the missing link in the postglacial colonization of the western European hedgehog. MAMMAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-020-00550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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4
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Allen A, Guerrero J, Byrne A, Lavery J, Presho E, Courcier E, O'Keeffe J, Fogarty U, Delahay R, Wilson G, Newman C, Buesching C, Silk M, O'Meara D, Skuce R, Biek R, McDonald RA. Genetic evidence further elucidates the history and extent of badger introductions from Great Britain into Ireland. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:200288. [PMID: 32431911 PMCID: PMC7211870 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The colonization of Ireland by mammals has been the subject of extensive study using genetic methods and forms a central problem in understanding the phylogeography of European mammals after the Last Glacial Maximum. Ireland exhibits a depauperate mammal fauna relative to Great Britain and continental Europe, and a range of natural and anthropogenic processes have given rise to its modern fauna. Previous Europe-wide surveys of the European badger (Meles meles) have found conflicting microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA evidence in Irish populations, suggesting Irish badgers have arisen from admixture between human imported British and Scandinavian animals. The extent and history of contact between British and Irish badger populations remains unclear. We use comprehensive genetic data from Great Britain and Ireland to demonstrate that badgers in Ireland's northeastern and southeastern counties are genetically similar to contemporary British populations. Simulation analyses suggest this admixed population arose in Ireland 600-700 (CI 100-2600) years before present most likely through introduction of British badgers by people. These findings add to our knowledge of the complex colonization history of Ireland by mammals and the central role of humans in facilitating it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Allen
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | - Jimena Guerrero
- Centre D'Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrew Byrne
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | - John Lavery
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Emily Courcier
- Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris Newman
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, University of Oxford, UK
| | | | - Matthew Silk
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | | | - Robin Skuce
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Robbie A. McDonald
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
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5
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Oc Byrne J, Byrne AW, Zintl A, Jankowska K, Coulange E, de Waal T, McCarthy G, O'Keeffe J, Hamnes IS, Fogarty U. Identification and epidemiological analysis of Perostrongylus falciformis infestation in Irish badgers. Ir Vet J 2019; 72:7. [PMID: 31333818 PMCID: PMC6617904 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-019-0144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The lungworm, Perostrongylus falciformis (fomerly known as Aelurostrongylus falciformis) has been identified in badgers (Meles meles) in Britain, the Russian Federation, Italy, Norway, Poland, Ukraine, Bosnia Herzegovina and Romania, while Aelurostrongylus pridhami has been reported from badgers in Spain. Results Pulmonary tissue from 1580 Irish badgers was examined and an estimated prevalence of 32.09% (95% CI: 29.79–34.45%) of this parasite was detected. Confirmation of its occurrence was made by PCR analysis on a subset of the population. Conclusion Infestation was widely distributed throughout the Republic of Ireland, with a trend towards higher infestation risk in western versus eastern counties. In addition males were at a higher risk of infestation than females and juveniles were at a significantly higher risk than adult badgers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew W Byrne
- 2Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI), Stoney Road, Belfast, BT4 3SD Northern Ireland
| | - Annetta Zintl
- 3UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karolina Jankowska
- 3UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Theo de Waal
- 3UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grainne McCarthy
- 3UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James O'Keeffe
- Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine (DAFM), Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - Inger S Hamnes
- 6Section of Parasitology, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ursula Fogarty
- 1Irish Equine Centre, Johnstown, Naas, County Kildare Ireland
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6
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Guerrero J, Byrne AW, Lavery J, Presho E, Kelly G, Courcier EA, O'Keeffe J, Fogarty U, O'Meara DB, Ensing D, McCormick C, Biek R, Skuce RA, Allen AR. The population and landscape genetics of the European badger ( Meles meles) in Ireland. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:10233-10246. [PMID: 30397461 PMCID: PMC6206220 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The population genetic structure of free-ranging species is expected to reflect landscape-level effects. Quantifying the role of these factors and their relative contribution often has important implications for wildlife management. The population genetics of the European badger (Meles meles) have received considerable attention, not least because the species acts as a potential wildlife reservoir for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Britain and Ireland. Herein, we detail the most comprehensive population and landscape genetic study of the badger in Ireland to date-comprised of 454 Irish badger samples, genotyped at 14 microsatellite loci. Bayesian and multivariate clustering methods demonstrated continuous clinal variation across the island, with potentially distinct differentiation observed in Northern Ireland. Landscape genetic analyses identified geographic distance and elevation as the primary drivers of genetic differentiation, in keeping with badgers exhibiting high levels of philopatry. Other factors hypothesized to affect gene flow, including earth worm habitat suitability, land cover type, and the River Shannon, had little to no detectable effect. By providing a more accurate picture of badger population structure and the factors effecting it, these data can guide current efforts to manage the species in Ireland and to better understand its role in bTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Guerrero
- Centre D'Ecologie Fonctionelle et EvolutiveCEFE‐CNRSMontpellierFrance
| | - Andrew W. Byrne
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - John Lavery
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - Eleanor Presho
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - Gavin Kelly
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - Emily A. Courcier
- Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs Northern Ireland (DAERA‐NI)Veterinary Epidemiology UnitBelfastUK
| | - James O'Keeffe
- Department of Agriculture Food and the Marine (DAFM)DublinIreland
| | | | - Denise B. O'Meara
- Department of Chemical and Life SciencesWaterford Institute of TechnologyWaterfordIreland
| | - Dennis Ensing
- Agriculture, Sustainable Agri‐Food Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences InstituteBelfastUK
| | - Carl McCormick
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - Roman Biek
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Robin A. Skuce
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
| | - Adrian R. Allen
- Veterinary Sciences DivisionAgri‐Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI)BelfastUK
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7
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Corner LAL, Stuart LJ, Kelly DJ, Marples NM. Reproductive Biology Including Evidence for Superfetation in the European Badger Meles meles (Carnivora: Mustelidae). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138093. [PMID: 26465324 PMCID: PMC4605486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The reproductive biology of the European badger (Meles meles) is of wide interest because it is one of the few mammal species that show delayed implantation and one of only five which are suggested to show superfetation as a reproductive strategy. This study aimed to describe the reproductive biology of female Irish badgers with a view to increasing our understanding of the process of delayed implantation and superfetation. We carried out a detailed histological examination of the reproductive tract of 264 female badgers taken from sites across 20 of the 26 counties in the Republic of Ireland. The key results show evidence of multiple blastocysts at different stages of development present simultaneously in the same female, supporting the view that superfetation is relatively common in this population of badgers. In addition we present strong evidence that the breeding rate in Irish badgers is limited by failure to conceive, rather than failure at any other stages of the breeding cycle. We show few effects of age on breeding success, suggesting no breeding suppression by adult females in this population. The study sheds new light on this unusual breeding strategy of delayed implantation and superfetation, and highlights a number of significant differences between the reproductive biology of female Irish badgers and those of Great Britain and Swedish populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh A. L. Corner
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lynsey J. Stuart
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J. Kelly
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola M. Marples
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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8
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The avoidance of farmyards by European badgers Meles meles in a medium density population. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2015.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Altaba CR. Once a land of big wild rivers: specialism is context-dependent for riparian snails (Pulmonata: Valloniidae) in central Europe. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristian R. Altaba
- Human Evolution and Cognition Group (EVOCOG); Universitat de les Illes Balears; 07122 Palma Balearic Islands Spain
- Laboratori de Natura; Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona; Passeig Picasso s/n 08003 Barcelona Catalonia Spain
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10
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Frantz AC, McDevitt AD, Pope LC, Kochan J, Davison J, Clements CF, Elmeros M, Molina-Vacas G, Ruiz-Gonzalez A, Balestrieri A, Van Den Berge K, Breyne P, Do Linh San E, Ågren EO, Suchentrunk F, Schley L, Kowalczyk R, Kostka BI, Ćirović D, Šprem N, Colyn M, Ghirardi M, Racheva V, Braun C, Oliveira R, Lanszki J, Stubbe A, Stubbe M, Stier N, Burke T. Revisiting the phylogeography and demography of European badgers (Meles meles) based on broad sampling, multiple markers and simulations. Heredity (Edinb) 2014; 113:443-53. [PMID: 24781805 PMCID: PMC4220720 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2014.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the phylogeography of European mammals has been extensively investigated since the 1990s, many studies were limited in terms of sampling distribution, the number of molecular markers used and the analytical techniques employed, frequently leading to incomplete postglacial recolonisation scenarios. The broad-scale genetic structure of the European badger (Meles meles) is of interest as it may result from historic restriction to glacial refugia and/or recent anthropogenic impact. However, previous studies were based mostly on samples from western Europe, making it difficult to draw robust conclusions about the location of refugia, patterns of postglacial expansion and recent demography. In the present study, continent-wide sampling and analyses with multiple markers provided evidence for two glacial refugia (Iberia and southeast Europe) that contributed to the genetic variation observed in badgers in Europe today. Approximate Bayesian computation provided support for a colonisation of Scandinavia from both Iberian and southeastern refugia. In the whole of Europe, we observed a decline in genetic diversity with increasing latitude, suggesting that the reduced diversity in the peripheral populations resulted from a postglacial expansion processes. Although MSVAR v.1.3 also provided evidence for recent genetic bottlenecks in some of these peripheral populations, the simulations performed to estimate the method's power to correctly infer the past demography of our empirical populations suggested that the timing and severity of bottlenecks could not be established with certainty. We urge caution against trying to relate demographic declines inferred using MSVAR with particular historic or climatological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Frantz
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility,
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield, UK
- Musée National d'Histoire
Naturelle, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - A D McDevitt
- School of Biology and Environmental
Science, University College Dublin, Dublin,
Ireland
| | - L C Pope
- School of Biological Science, University
of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland,
Australia
| | - J Kochan
- Department of Genetics and Animal
Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences,
Wrocław, Poland
| | - J Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences,
University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - C F Clements
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility,
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield, UK
| | - M Elmeros
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus
University, Rønde, Denmark
| | - G Molina-Vacas
- Animal Biology Department, University of
Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ruiz-Gonzalez
- Department of Zoology, Biogeography and
Population Dynamics Research Group, University of the Basque Country,
UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - A Balestrieri
- Department of Biosciences, University
of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - K Van Den Berge
- Research Institute for Nature and
Forest, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
| | - P Breyne
- Research Institute for Nature and
Forest, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
| | - E Do Linh San
- Department of Zoology and Entomology,
University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - E O Ågren
- National Veterinary Institute,
Department of Pathology and Wildlife Diseases, Uppsala,
Sweden
| | - F Suchentrunk
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology,
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna,
Austria
| | - L Schley
- Administration de la nature et des
forêts, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - R Kowalczyk
- Mammal Research Institute,
Bialowieza, Poland
| | - B I Kostka
- Queen's University Belfast,
Northern Ireland, UK
| | - D Ćirović
- Faculty of Biology, University of
Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Šprem
- Department of Fisheries, Beekeeping,
Game Management and Special Zoology, University of Zagreb,
Zagreb, Croatia
| | - M Colyn
- CNRS, UMR 6553, ECOBIO,
Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - M Ghirardi
- Università degli Studi di
Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - V Racheva
- Balkani Wildlife Society,
Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - C Braun
- 9 chemin du Kilbs,
Bischoffsheim, France
| | - R Oliveira
- Departamento de Zoologia e
Antropologia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto,
Porto, Portugal
| | - J Lanszki
- Department of Nature Conservation,
University of Kaposvár, Kaposvár,
Hungary
| | - A Stubbe
- Domplatz 4,
Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - M Stubbe
- Domplatz 4,
Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - N Stier
- Institute of Forest Botany and Forest
Zoology, Dresden University of Technology, Tharandt,
Germany
| | - T Burke
- NERC Biomolecular Analysis Facility,
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield,
Sheffield, UK
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11
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Jin R, Good M, More SJ, Sweeney C, McGrath G, Kelly GE. An association between rainfall and bovine TB in Wicklow, Ireland. Vet Rec 2013; 173:452. [PMID: 24106246 DOI: 10.1136/vr.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Jin
- UCD School of Mathematical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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12
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Grindon AJ, Davison A. Irish Cepaea nemoralis Land Snails Have a Cryptic Franco-Iberian Origin That Is Most Easily Explained by the Movements of Mesolithic Humans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65792. [PMID: 23840368 PMCID: PMC3686809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The origins of flora and fauna that are only found in Ireland and Iberia, but which are absent from intervening countries, is one of the enduring questions of biogeography. As Southern French, Iberian and Irish populations of the land snail Cepaea nemoralis sometimes have a similar shell character, we used mitochondrial phylogenies to begin to understand if there is a shared “Lusitanian” history. Although much of Europe contains snails with A and D lineages, by far the majority of Irish individuals have a lineage, C, that in mainland Europe was only found in a restricted region of the Eastern Pyrenees. A past extinction of lineage C in the rest of Europe cannot be ruled out, but as there is a more than 8000 year continuous record of Cepaea fossils in Ireland, the species has long been a food source in the Pyrenees, and the Garonne river that flanks the Pyrenees is an ancient human route to the Atlantic, then we suggest that the unusual distribution of the C lineage is most easily explained by the movements of Mesolithic humans. If other Irish species have a similarly cryptic Lusitanian element, then this raises the possibility of a more widespread and significant pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele J. Grindon
- School of Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - Angus Davison
- School of Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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13
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Ruiz-González A, Madeira MJ, Randi E, Abramov AV, Davoli F, Gómez-Moliner BJ. Phylogeography of the forest-dwelling European pine marten (Martes martes): new insights into cryptic northern glacial refugia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexei V. Abramov
- Laboratory of Mammalogy; Zoological Institute; Russian Academy of Sciences; Universitetskaya nab. 1; Saint-Petersburg; 199034; Russia
| | - Francesca Davoli
- Laboratorio di genetica; Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA); Via Cà Fornacetta 9; 40064; Ozzano dell'Emilia; Bologna; Italy
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14
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Mullen EM, MacWhite T, Maher PK, Kelly DJ, Marples NM, Good M. Foraging Eurasian badgers Meles meles and the presence of cattle in pastures. Do badgers avoid cattle? Appl Anim Behav Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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