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Fadeyi TE, Oyedemi OT, Awe OO, Ayeni F. Antibiotic use in infants within the first year of life is associated with the appearance of antibiotic-resistant genes in their feces. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15015. [PMID: 37214087 PMCID: PMC10194068 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic resistance, an increasing challenge, is not only a national threat but also a global threat. Carriage of resistance genes is not limited to adults alone, various microbiota niches present in the body system of children have been found to harbor bacteria carrying resistant genes, especially, their gut microbiota. This study aims to identify selected antibiotic-resistant genes from the fecal samples of infants and the association of antibiotics use with the occurrence of resistant genes in the infant's gut. Methods A total number of 172 metagenomic DNA samples previously extracted from stool samples of 28 Nigerian babies longitudinally within their first year of life were screened for the presence of ESBL genes (blaSHV, blaTEM, and blaCTX-M), PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA), ribosomal protection protein tetracycline resistance gene, (RPP) β-lactamase (blaZ), macrolide (ermA, ermB, mefA/E), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes gentR (aac(6')/aph(2″)) and dfrA genes by PCR. Nineteen (19) of the 28 babies used antibiotics during the study. The association between antibiotic use by the babies within the first year of life and occurrence of resistant genes were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation. Results One hundred and twenty-two (122) samples (71%) out of the 172 isolates had antibiotic-resistance genes. PMQR genes were absent in all the samples. Three isolates had blaTEM gene, nine isolates had blaSHV gene, six isolates had blaCTX-M gene and 19 isolates had dfrA gene, 31 samples had tet gene, 29 samples had mef gene, 27 samples had ermB gene, four samples had ermA gene, 13 samples had blaZ gene and 16 samples had aac gene. The babies whose samples had resistant genes used antibiotics in the same months the samples were collected. Interestingly, the 11 babies whose samples had the dfrA gene all used antibiotics in the same months their samples were collected but none of them used trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole antibiotic. The overall correlation matrix of the babies showed a strong association between antibiotic use (AU) and antibiotic use presence of resistance genes (AUPRG) with a coefficient of 0.89. Antibiotic-resistant genes are present in the gut of infants and their occurrence is strongly connected with antibiotic use by infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olushina Olawale Awe
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing (IMECC), University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Choi JH, Ali MS, Moon BY, Kang HY, Kim SJ, Song HJ, Mechesso AF, Moon DC, Lim SK. Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Dogs and Cats in South Korea. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12040745. [PMID: 37107106 PMCID: PMC10135382 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Overall, 836 Escherichia coli isolates (695 isolates from dogs and 141 from cats) were recovered from the diarrhea, skin/ear, urine, and genitals of dogs and cats between 2018 and 2019. Cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance were noted in 17.1% and 21.2% of E. coli isolates, respectively. The cefovecin and enrofloxacin resistance rates were higher in dog isolates (18.1% and 22.9%) compared with the rates in cat isolates (12.1%, 12.8%). Interestingly, resistance to both antimicrobials was noted in 10.8% (90/836) of the isolates, predominantly in isolates from dogs. blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, and blaCMY-2 were the most frequent extended-spectrum β-lactamase/plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (ESBL/AmpC)- gene types. The co-existence of blaCTX-M andblaCMY-2 was noted in six E. coli isolates from dogs. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that S83L and D87N in gyrA and S80I in parC were the most frequent point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates. A total of 11 isolates from dogs carried the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (six aac(6')-Ib-cr, four qnrS, and one qnrB), while only two cat isolates carried the qnrS gene. Multilocus sequence typing of the cefovecin and enrofloxacin-resistant isolates revealed that sequence type (ST)131 E. coli carrying blaCTX-M-14 and blaCTX-M-15 genes and ST405 E. coli carrying blaCMY-2 gene were predominant among the isolated E. coli strains. The majority of the ESBL/AmpC-producing isolates displayed diverse pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. This study demonstrated that third-generation cephalosporin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli were widely distributed in companion animals. The detection of the pandemic ST131 clone carrying blaCTX-M-14/15 in companion animals presented a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Choi
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Sekendar Ali
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Youn Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kang
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Song
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Abraham Fikru Mechesso
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Dong-Chan Moon
- Division of Antimicrobial Resistance Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si 39660, Republic of Korea
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Kaur R, Kaur R. Symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections. Postgrad Med J 2020; 97:803-812. [PMID: 33234708 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common microbial infection found in all ages and sexes which involves inflammation of the urinary tract. These infections can range from simple bladder inflammation, that is, cystitis, to severe cases of uroseptic shock. UTI ranks as the number 1 infection that leads to a prescription of antibiotics after a doctor's visit. These infections are sometimes distressing and even life threatening, and both males (12%) and females (40%) have at least one symptomatic UTI throughout their lives. Diagnostic failures in case of bacterial infections are the main contributing factor in improper use of antibiotics, delay in treatment and low survival rate in septic conditions. So, early diagnosis and appropriate therapy with antibiotics are the most significant requirements for preventing complicated UTI conditions such as urosepsis. This review article summarises the symptoms of the UTIs and the associated risk factors to it. The various conventional and recent diagnostic methods were also discussed in this review, along with treatment therapies with or without antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajanbir Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Seo KW, Lee YJ. Characterization of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants in ciprofloxacin resistant-Escherichia coli from chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations in Korea. Int J Food Microbiol 2019; 307:108274. [PMID: 31404780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2019.108274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic characterization of ciprofloxacin resistant- Escherichia coli recovered from 7 different integrated broiler operations in Korea. Among the 157 E. coli isolated from chicken meat produced by integrated broiler operations, 75 (47.8%) were observed to be ciprofloxacin resistant-E. coli. However, the prevalence varied from 25.0 to 75.0%, in chicken meat, indicating variation in ciprofloxacin resistant E. coli occurrence among the operations. Among the 75 ciprofloxacin resistant-E. coli isolates, 10 showed plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and qnrB4. Among the 10 PMQR-positive E. coli, a double amino-acid exchange in both gyrA and parC with ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentrations of ≥16 μg/mL was noted in 8 isolates, and 4 transconjugants (40.0%) expressed similar antimicrobial resistance patterns and revealed the presence of PMQR genes and β-lactamase genes. Our findings suggest that E. coli with resistance to ciprofloxacin can now be found in association with integrated broiler operations, thus highlighting the need for monitoring and prevention programs in integrated operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Ramírez-Castillo FY, Moreno-Flores AC, Avelar-González FJ, Márquez-Díaz F, Harel J, Guerrero-Barrera AL. An evaluation of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in urinary tract infections from Aguascalientes, Mexico: cross-sectional study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2018; 17:34. [PMID: 30041652 PMCID: PMC6057003 DOI: 10.1186/s12941-018-0286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are one of the main bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs). The rates of UPEC with high resistance towards antibiotics and multidrug-resistant bacteria have increased dramatically in recent years and could difficult the treatment. METHODS The aim of the study was to determine multidrug-resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance profile, virulence traits, and genetic background of 110 E. coli isolated from community (79 isolates) and hospital-acquired (31 isolates) urinary tract infections. The plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes presence was also investigated. A subset of 18 isolates with a quinolone-resistance phenotype was examined for common virulence genes encoded in diarrheagenic and extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli by a specific E. coli microarray. RESULTS Female children were the group most affected by UTIs, which were mainly community-acquired. Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, and ampicillin-sulbactam was most prevalent. A frequent occurrence of resistance toward ciprofloxacin (47.3%), levofloxacin (43.6%) and cephalosporins (27.6%) was observed. In addition, 63% of the strains were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Almost all the fluoroquinolone (FQ)-resistant strains showed MDR-phenotype. Isolates from male patients were associated to FQ-resistant and MDR-phenotype. Moreover, hospital-acquired infections were correlated to third generation cephalosporin and nitrofurantoin resistance and the presence of kpsMTII gene. Overall, fimH (71.8%) and fyuA (68.2%), had the highest prevalence as virulence genes among isolates. However, the profile of virulence genes displayed a great diversity, which included the presence of genes related to diarrheagenic E. coli. Out of 110 isolates, 25 isolates (22.7%) were positive to qnrA, 23 (20.9%) to qnrB, 7 (6.4%) to qnrS1, 7 (6.4%) to aac(6')lb-cr, 5 (4.5%) to qnrD, and 1 (0.9%) to qnrC genes. A total of 12.7% of the isolates harbored blaCTX-M genes, with blaCTX-M-15 being the most prevalent. CONCLUSIONS Urinary tract infection due to E. coli may be difficult to treat empirically due to high resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Continuous surveillance of multidrug resistant organisms and patterns of drug resistance are needed in order to prevent treatment failure and reduce selective pressure. These findings may help choosing more suitable treatments of UTI patients in this region of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flor Y. Ramírez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Adriana C. Moreno-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Avelar-González
- Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco Márquez-Díaz
- Departamento de Infectología, Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo, Galeana Sur 495, Obraje, 20000 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Josée Harel
- Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Centre de Recherche en Infectologíe Porcine et Aviaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200, rue Sicott, Saint-Hyacinthe, Montreal, QC J2S 2M2 Canada
| | - Alma L. Guerrero-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Col. Cd. Universitaria, 20131 Aguascalientes, Mexico
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Medboua-Benbalagh C, Touati A, Kermas R, Gharout-Sait A, Brasme L, Mezhoud H, Touati D, Guillard T, de Champs C. Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-ProducingEnterobacteriaceaeStrains Is Associated with Worse Outcome in Patients Hospitalized in the Pediatric Oncology Unit of Beni-Messous Hospital in Algiers, Algeria. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 23:757-763. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdelaziz Touati
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Rachida Kermas
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Alima Gharout-Sait
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Lucien Brasme
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie–Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France
- EA4687 SFR CAP-Santé [FED 4231], Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Halima Mezhoud
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Djamila Touati
- Laboratoire Mère et Enfant, CHU Beni-Messous, Alger, Algérie
| | - Thomas Guillard
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie–Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France
- EA4687 SFR CAP-Santé [FED 4231], Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Christophe de Champs
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie–Virologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert DEBRE, Reims, France
- EA4687 SFR CAP-Santé [FED 4231], Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Xue G, Li J, Feng Y, Xu W, Li S, Yan C, Zhao H, Sun H. High Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Pediatric Patients in China. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 23:107-114. [PMID: 27167505 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Xue
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Affiliated Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Affiliated Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoli Li
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hanqing Zhao
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
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Li L, Ye L, Kromann S, Meng H. Occurrence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance, and Disinfectant Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli Isolated from Ready-To-Eat Meat Products. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 14:109-115. [PMID: 27870554 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There are growing concerns about the coselection of resistance against antibiotics and disinfectants in bacterial pathogens. The aim of this study was to characterize the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQRs), and quaternary ammonium compound resistance genes (QACs) in Escherichia coli isolated from ready-to-eat (RTE) meat products obtained in Guangzhou, China, and to determine whether these genes were colocalized in the isolates. A total of 64 E. coli isolates were obtained from 720 RTE meat samples. Multidrug resistance was observed in 70.3% of the isolates. A 100% of the isolates were resistant to benzalkonium chloride. Four types of β-lactamase genes were identified in the 16 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates: blaSHV (9.4%), blaTEM (7.8%), blaCTX-M-15 (1.6%), and blaCTX-M-9 (1.6%). PMQRs were present in nine isolates (14.1%), with aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrD detected in eight (12.5%) and one isolate (1.6%), respectively. The QACs ydgE/ydgF were most commonly present (60.9%), while qacF, mdfA, sugE(p), emrE, qacG, sugE(c), and qacE were less prevalent (1.6%-18.8%). Coexistence of ESBLs and/or PMQRs with QACs was found in 21 isolates (32.8%). The aac(6')-Ib-cr and blaCTX-M-15 genes were found to be cotransferred with qacF in one isolate. The data obtained in this study indicate that ESBLs and/or PMQRs with QACs can not only be colocalized but can also be cotransferred in E. coli isolates from RTE meat products. The E. coli isolates with multiple antimicrobial resistance genes may transmit to humans through food chain and thus require further investigation and increased awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- 1 School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China .,2 Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lei Ye
- 3 Research Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sofie Kromann
- 2 Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hecheng Meng
- 1 School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yanat B, Machuca J, Díaz-De-Alba P, Mezhoud H, Touati A, Pascual Á, Rodríguez-Martínez JM. Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants in High-Level Quinolone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from the Community: First Report of qnrD Gene in Algeria. Microb Drug Resist 2016; 23:90-97. [PMID: 27115732 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2016.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR)-producing isolates in a collection of quinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae of community origin isolated in Bejaia, Algeria. METHODS A total of 141 nalidixic acid-resistant Enterobacteriaceae community isolates were collected in Bejaia (Northern Algeria) and screened for PMQR genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For PMQR-positive strains, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by broth microdilution and disk diffusion. Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of the target genes, gyrA and parC, were detected with a PCR-based method and sequencing. Southern blotting, conjugation and transformation assays and molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multilocus sequence typing were also performed. RESULTS The prevalence of PMQR-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates was 13.5% (19/141); 11 of these isolates produced Aac(6')-Ib-cr and 8 were qnr-positive (4 qnrB1-like, 2 qnrS1-like, and 2 qnrD1-like), including the association with aac(6')-Ib-cr gene in three cases. PMQR gene transfer by conjugation was successful in 6 of 19 isolates tested. PFGE revealed that most of the PMQR-positive Escherichia coli isolates were unrelated, except for two groups comprising two and four isolates, respectively, including the virulent multidrug-resistant clone E. coli ST131 that were clonally related. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that PMQR determinants are prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from the community studied. We describe the first report of the qnrD gene in Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betitera Yanat
- 1 Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia , Bejaia, Algeria .,2 Department of Microbiology, University of Seville , Seville, Spain
| | - Jesús Machuca
- 2 Department of Microbiology, University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,3 Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain .,4 Unidad Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena , Sevilla, Spain
| | - Paula Díaz-De-Alba
- 4 Unidad Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena , Sevilla, Spain
| | - Halima Mezhoud
- 1 Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia , Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Abdelaziz Touati
- 1 Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, FSNV, Université de Bejaia , Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Álvaro Pascual
- 2 Department of Microbiology, University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,3 Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain .,4 Unidad Intercentros de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena , Sevilla, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Rodríguez-Martínez
- 2 Department of Microbiology, University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,3 Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid, Spain
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Chmielarczyk A, Pobiega M, de Champs C, Wojkowska-Mach J, Rozanska A, Heczko PB, Guillard T, Bulanda M. The High Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Among Very Low Birth-Weight Infants in Poland. Microb Drug Resist 2015; 21:391-7. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2014.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Pobiega
- Microbiology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Christophe de Champs
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
- UFR Médecine, SFR CAP-Santé, EA 4687, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | - Anna Rozanska
- Microbiology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr B. Heczko
- Microbiology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Thomas Guillard
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Reims, France
- UFR Médecine, SFR CAP-Santé, EA 4687, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Malgorzata Bulanda
- Microbiology Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Hou XH, Song XY, Ma XB, Zhang SY, Zhang JQ. Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 46:759-68. [PMID: 26413058 PMCID: PMC4568872 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-838246320140138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Selective pressure, the extensive use of antibiotics, and the conjugational transmission of antibiotic resistance genes across bacterial species and genera facilitate the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae. Here, we examined the occurrence, phenotypes and genetic features of MDR K. pneumoniae isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in Xiamen, China, from January to December 2011. Thirty-eight MDR K. pneumoniae strains were collected. These MDR K. pneumoniae isolates possessed at least seven antibiotic resistance determinants, which contribute to the high-level resistance of these bacteria to aminoglycosides, macrolides, quinolones and β-lactams. Among these isolates, 24 strains were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers, 2 strains were AmpC producers, and 12 strains were both ESBL and AmpC producers. The 38 MDR isolates also contained class I (28/38) and class II integrons (10/38). All 28 class I-positive isolates contained aacC1, aacC4, orfX, orfX' and aadA1 genes. β-lactam resistance was conferred through bla SHV (22/38), bla TEM (10/38), and bla CTX-M (7/38). The highly conserved bla KPC-2 (37/38) and bla OXA-23(1/38) alleles were responsible for carbapenem resistance, and a gyrAsite mutation (27/38) and the plasmid-mediated qnrB gene (13/38) were responsible for quinolone resistance. Repetitive-sequence-based PCR (REP-PCR) fingerprinting of these MDR strains revealed the presence of five groups and sixteen patterns. The MDR strains from unrelated groups showed different drug resistance patterns; however, some homologous strains also showed different drug resistance profiles. Therefore, REP-PCR-based analyses can provide information to evaluate the epidemic status of nosocomial infection caused by MDR K. pneumoniae; however, this test lacks the power to discriminate some isolates. Thus, we propose that both genotyping and REP-PCR typing should be used to distinguish genetic groups beyond the species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-hua Hou
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiu-yu Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-bo Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shi-yang Zhang
- Nosocomial Infection Control Center of Xiamen, Xiamen, China. ; Department of Nosocomial Infection Control, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jia-qin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China . ; Nosocomial Infection Control Center of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
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12
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Yu T, Jiang X, Fu K, Liu B, Xu D, Ji S, Zhou L. Detection of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants inEscherichia coliIsolates from Retail Meat in China. J Food Sci 2015; 80:M1039-43. [PMID: 25864449 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Dept. of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Xinxiang Univ; Xinxiang 453000 China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- The College of Life Sciences; Henan Normal Univ; Xinxiang 453007 China
| | - Kaifei Fu
- The Central Laboratory of Navy General Hospital; Beijing 100048 China
| | - Biyun Liu
- The Institute of Hydrobiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan China
| | - Dong Xu
- The Institute of Hydrobiology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Wuhan China
| | - Shengdong Ji
- The College of Life Sciences; Henan Normal Univ; Xinxiang 453007 China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- The Central Laboratory of Navy General Hospital; Beijing 100048 China
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13
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Sidjabat HE, Paterson DL. Multidrug-resistantEscherichia coliin Asia: epidemiology and management. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2015; 13:575-91. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2015.1028365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Jiang X, Yu T, Wu N, Meng H, Shi L. Detection of qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr and qepA genes in Escherichia coli isolated from cooked meat products in Henan, China. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 187:22-5. [PMID: 25036771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli has increased in recent years in China. Antimicrobial resistant isolates and resistance genes of E. coli can be transferred to humans through the food chain and this presents a public health risk. However, few studies have investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance-encoding genes in E. coli isolated from food samples in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of quinolone resistance genes (QRGs) and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in E. coli isolated from cooked meat products in Henan, China. A total of 75 E. coli isolates (12.1%) were detected from 620 samples. High rates of resistance to the following drugs were observed: tetracycline (56.0%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (41.3%), streptomycin (29.3%), ampicillin (26.7%) and nalidixic acid (14.7%). Of the 75 isolates, QRGs were present in 10 isolates (13.3%), with qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr detected alone or in combination in five (6.7%) and eight isolates (10.7%). The qnr genes detected in this study included qnrS (n=3) and qnrA (n=2). The qepA gene was absent among these isolates. Three types of β-lactamase genes were identified in the five ESBL-producing E. coli isolates: blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-9, and blaTEM-1. The qnrS gene was found to be co-transferred with blaCTX-M-1 and blaTEM-1 in one isolate. Our data suggest that cooked meat products may act as reservoirs for multi-resistant bacteria and facilitate the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453000, China; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Hecheng Meng
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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15
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Silva-Sánchez J, Cruz-Trujillo E, Barrios H, Reyna-Flores F, Sánchez-Pérez A, Garza-Ramos U. Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae pediatric clinical isolates in Mexico. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77968. [PMID: 24147104 PMCID: PMC3798427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This work describes the characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance (PMQR) genes from a multicenter study of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae pediatric clinical isolates in Mexico. The PMQR gene-positive isolates were characterized with respect to ESBLs, and mutations in the GyrA and ParC proteins were determined. The phylogenetic relationship was established by PFGE and the transfer of PMQR genes was determined by mating assays. The prevalence of the PMQR genes was 32.1%, and the rate of qnr-positive isolates was 15.1%; 93.3% of the latter were qnrB and 6.4% were qnrA1. The distribution of isolates in terms of bacterial species was as follows: 23.5% (4/17) corresponded to E. cloacae, 13.7% (7/51) to K. pneumoniae, and 13.6% (6/44) to E. coli. In addition, the prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr and qepA was 15.1% and 1.7%, respectively. The molecular characteristics of qnr- and qepA-positive isolates pointed to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M-15 as the most prevalent one (70.5%), and to SHV-12 in the case of aac(6')-Ib-cr-positive isolates. GyrA mutations at codons Ser-83 and Asp-87, and ParC mutations at codons Ser-80 were observed in 41.1% and 35.2% of the qnr-positive isolates, respectively. The analysis of the transconjugants revealed a co-transmission of bla(CTX-M-15) with the qnrB alleles. In general, the prevalence of PMQR genes (qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr) presented in this work was much lower in the pediatric isolates, in comparison to the adult isolates in Mexico. Also, ESBL CTX-M-15 was the main ESBL identified in the pediatric isolates, whereas in the adult ones, ESBLs corresponded to the CTX-M and the SHV families. In comparison with other studies, among the PMQR-genes identified in this study, the qnrB-alleles and the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene were the most prevalent, whereas the qnrS1, qnrA1 and qnrB-like alleles were the most prevalent in China and Uruguay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Silva-Sánchez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Enrique Cruz-Trujillo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Humberto Barrios
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Fernando Reyna-Flores
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-Pérez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Bacterial Resistance Consortium
- Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Instituto de Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Ulises Garza-Ramos
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Departamento de Diagnóstico Epidemiológico. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- * E-mail:
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16
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Prevalence of β-Lactamase and 16S rRNA Methylase Genes Among ClinicalEscherichia coliIsolates Carrying Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes from Animals. Microb Drug Resist 2013; 19:237-45. [DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2012.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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17
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Wang C, Xiao F, Qiao R, Shen YH. Respiratory medicine in China: progress, challenges, and opportunities. Chest 2013; 143:1766-1773. [PMID: 23732587 PMCID: PMC7094577 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-1854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The past century witnessed a rapid development of respiratory medicine in China. The major burden of respiratory disease has shifted from infectious diseases to chronic noninfectious diseases. Great achievements have been made in improving the national standard of clinical management of various respiratory diseases and in smoking control. The specialty of respiratory medicine is expanding into pulmonary and critical care medicine. Nevertheless, respiratory diseases remain a major public health problem, with new challenges such as air pollution and nosocomial infections. This review describes the history, accomplishments, new challenges, and opportunities in respiratory medicine in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Beijing Hospital, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Respiratory and Pulmonary Circulation Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Fei Xiao
- Beijing Hospital, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Renli Qiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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18
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Dalhoff A. Global fluoroquinolone resistance epidemiology and implictions for clinical use. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2012; 2012:976273. [PMID: 23097666 PMCID: PMC3477668 DOI: 10.1155/2012/976273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper on the fluoroquinolone resistance epidemiology stratifies the data according to the different prescription patterns by either primary or tertiary caregivers and by indication. Global surveillance studies demonstrate that fluoroquinolone resistance rates increased in the past years in almost all bacterial species except S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae, causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections. However, 10 to 30% of these isolates harbored first-step mutations conferring low level fluoroquinolone resistance. Fluoroquinolone resistance increased in Enterobacteriaceae causing community acquired or healthcare associated urinary tract infections and intraabdominal infections, exceeding 50% in some parts of the world, particularly in Asia. One to two-thirds of Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum β-lactamases were fluoroquinolone resistant too. Furthermore, fluoroquinolones select for methicillin resistance in Staphylococci. Neisseria gonorrhoeae acquired fluoroquinolone resistance rapidly; actual resistance rates are highly variable and can be as high as almost 100%, particularly in Asia, whereas resistance rates in Europe and North America range from <10% in rural areas to >30% in established sexual networks. In general, the continued increase in fluoroquinolone resistance affects patient management and necessitates changes in some guidelines, for example, treatment of urinary tract, intra-abdominal, skin and skin structure infections, and traveller's diarrhea, or even precludes the use in indications like sexually transmitted diseases and enteric fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Dalhoff
- Institute for Infection-Medicine, Christian-Albrechts Univerity of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Brunswiker Straße 4, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Zhao JY, Dang H. Coastal seawater bacteria harbor a large reservoir of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Jiaozhou Bay, China. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2012; 64:187-199. [PMID: 22252223 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-012-0008-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Diversity and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants were investigated in environmental bacteria isolated from surface seawater of Jiaozhou Bay, China. Five qnr gene alleles were identified in 34 isolates by PCR amplification, including qnrA3 gene in a Shewanella algae isolate, qnrB9 gene in a Citrobacter freundii isolate, qnrD gene in 22 Proteus vulgaris isolates, qnrS1 gene in 1 Enterobacter sp. and 4 Klebsiella spp. isolates, and qnrS2 gene in 1 Pseudomonas sp. and 4 Pseudoalteromonas sp. isolates. The qnrC, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA genes could not be detected in this study. The 22 qnrD-positive Proteus vulgaris isolates could be differentiated into four genotypes based on ERIC-PCR assay. The qnrS1 and qnrD genes could be transferred to Escherichia coli J53 Azi(R) or E. coli TOP10 recipient strains using conjugation or transformation methods. Among the 34 qnr-positive isolates, 30 had a single point mutation in the QRDRs of GyrA protein (Ala67Ser, Ser83Ile, or Ser83Thr), indicating that cooperation of chromosome- and plasmid-mediated resistance contributed to the spread and evolution of quinolone resistance in this coastal bay. Eighty-five percent of the isolates were also found to be resistant to ampicillin, and bla(CMY), bla(OXY), bla(SHV), and bla(TEM) genes were detected in five isolates that also harbored the qnrB9 or qnrS1 gene. Our current study is the first identification of qnrS2 gene in Pseudoalteromonas and Pseudomonas strains, and qnrD gene in Proteus vulgaris strains. High prevalence of diverse qnr genes in Jiaozhou Bay indicates that coastal seawater may serve as an important reservoir, natural source, and dissemination vehicle of quinolone resistance determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, University of Shandong (China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao, China
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