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Guler A, Hamurcu Z, Ulutabanca H, Cınar V, Nurdinov N, Erdem S, Ozpolat B. Flavopiridol Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Migration and Induces Apoptotic Cell Death by Inhibiting Oncogenic FOXM1 Signaling in IDH Wild-Type and IDH-Mutant GBM Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1061-1079. [PMID: 37676393 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains one of the most challenging solid cancers to treat due to its highly aggressive and drug-resistant nature. Flavopiridol is synthetic flavone that was recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Flavopiridol exhibits antiproliferative activity in several solid cancer cells and currently evaluated in clinical trials in several solid and hematological cancers. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying antiproliferative effects of flavopiridol in GBM cell lines with wild-type and mutant encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). We found that flavopiridol inhibits proliferation, colony formation, and migration and induces apoptosis in IDH1 wild-type and IDH-mutant cells through inhibition of FOXM1 oncogenic signaling. Furthermore, flavopiridol treatment also inhibits of NF-KB, mediators unfolded protein response (UPR), including, GRP78, PERK and IRE1α, and DNA repair enzyme PARP, which have been shown to be potential therapeutic targets by downregulating FOXM1 in GBM cells. Our findings suggest for the first time that flavopiridol suppresses proliferation, survival, and migration and induces apoptosis in IDH1 wild-type and IDH1-mutant GBM cells by targeting FOXM1 oncogenic signaling which also regulates NF-KB, PARP, and UPR response in GBM cells. Flavopiridol may be a potential novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of patients IDH1 wild-type and IDH1-mutant GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahsen Guler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Halil Ulutabanca
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Venhar Cınar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nursultan Nurdinov
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Faculties of Medicine and Dentistry, Ahmet Yesevi University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan
| | - Serife Erdem
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
- Methodist Neil Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Joshi H, Tuli HS, Ranjan A, Chauhan A, Haque S, Ramniwas S, Bhatia GK, Kandari D. The Pharmacological Implications of Flavopiridol: An Updated Overview. Molecules 2023; 28:7530. [PMID: 38005250 PMCID: PMC10673037 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavopiridol is a flavone synthesized from the natural product rohitukine, which is derived from an Indian medicinal plant, namely Dysoxylum binectariferum Hiern. A deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms by which such molecules act may allow scientists to develop effective therapeutic strategies against a variety of life-threatening diseases, such as cancer, viruses, fungal infections, parasites, and neurodegenerative diseases. Mechanistic insight of flavopiridol reveals its potential for kinase inhibitory activity of CDKs (cyclin-dependent kinases) and other kinases, leading to the inhibition of various processes, including cell cycle progression, apoptosis, tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, tumor metastasis, and the inflammation process. The synthetic derivatives of flavopiridol have overcome a few demerits of its parent compound. Moreover, these derivatives have much improved CDK-inhibitory activity and therapeutic abilities for treating severe human diseases. It appears that flavopiridol has potential as a candidate for the formulation of an integrated strategy to combat and alleviate human diseases. This review article aims to unravel the potential therapeutic effectiveness of flavopiridol and its possible mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Joshi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India;
| | - Anuj Ranjan
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Stachki 194/1, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russia;
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology Safety and Management, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida 201301, India;
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut 11022801, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 13306, United Arab Emirates
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, India;
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Bhatia
- Department of Physics, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, India;
| | - Divya Kandari
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;
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Gu L, Li C, Peng X, Lin H, Niu Y, Zheng H, Zhao G, Lin J. Flavopiridol Protects against Fungal Keratitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus by Alleviating Inflammation through the Promotion of Autophagy. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:2362-2373. [PMID: 36283079 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.2c00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fungal keratitis is a serious infectious keratopathy related to fungal virulence and excessive inflammatory responses. Autophagy exhibits a potent ability to resolve inflammation during fungal infection. This study aimed to investigate the protective function of flavopiridol in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis and explore its effects on autophagy. In our study, the corneas of the fungal keratitis mouse model were treated with 5 μM flavopiridol. In vitro, RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with 200 nM flavopiridol before fungal stimulation. A. fumigatus was incubated with flavopiridol, and the antifungal activity of flavopiridol was detected. Our results indicated that flavopiridol treatment notably reduced clinical scores as well as cytokines expression of infected corneas. In infected RAW 264.7 cells, flavopiridol treatment inhibited IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression but promoted IL-10 expression. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that more autolysosomes were present in infected corneas and RAW 264.7 cells after flavopiridol treatment. Flavopiridol treatment notably upregulated the protein expression of LC3, Beclin-1, and Atg-7. 3-Methyladenine (3-MA, an inhibitor of autophagy) pretreatment counteracted the cytokine regulation induced by flavopiridol. Moreover, flavopiridol promoted the phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 cells. Flavopiridol also exhibited antifungal activity by restricting fungal growth and limiting fungal biofilm formation and conidial adhesion. In conclusion, flavopiridol significantly alleviated the inflammation of fungal keratitis by activating autophagy. In addition, flavopiridol promoted the phagocytosis of RAW 264.7 cells and exhibited antifungal function, indicating the potential therapeutic role of flavopiridol in fungal keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwen Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xudong Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yawen Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hengrui Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
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Glucogallin Attenuates the LPS-Induced Signaling in Macrophages and Protects Mice against Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911254. [PMID: 36232563 PMCID: PMC9569803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of beta-glucogallin (BGG), a plant-derived natural product, was evaluated in both in vitro and in vivo studies. For the in vitro study, the ability of BGG pre-treatment to quench LPS-induced effects compared to LPS alone in macrophages was investigated. It was found that BGG pre-treatment showed a significant decrease in ROS, NO, superoxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1β, and IL-6) and increased reduced glutathione coupled with the restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential. Gene profiling and further validation by qPCR showed that BGG pre-treatment downregulated the LPS-induced expression of c-Fos, Fas, MMP-9, iNOS, COX-2, MyD88, TRIF, TRAF6, TRAM, c-JUN, and NF-κB. We observed that BGG pre-treatment reduced nuclear translocation of LPS-activated NF-κB and thus reduced the subsequent expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β, indicating the ability of BGG to inhibit inflammasome formation. Molecular docking studies showed that BGG could bind at the active site of TLR4. Finally, in the LPS-driven sepsis mouse model, we showed that pre-treatment with BGG sustained toxic shock, as evident from their 100% survival. Our study clearly showed the therapeutic potential of BGG in toxic shock syndrome.
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Kaveh A, Bruton FA, Oremek MEM, Tucker CS, Taylor JM, Mullins JJ, Rossi AG, Denvir MA. Selective Cdk9 inhibition resolves neutrophilic inflammation and enhances cardiac regeneration in larval zebrafish. Development 2022; 149:272181. [PMID: 34523672 PMCID: PMC8601713 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Sustained neutrophilic inflammation is detrimental for cardiac repair and associated with adverse outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). An attractive therapeutic strategy to treat MI is to reduce or remove infiltrating neutrophils to promote downstream reparative mechanisms. CDK9 inhibitor compounds enhance the resolution of neutrophilic inflammation; however, their effects on cardiac repair/regeneration are unknown. We have devised a cardiac injury model to investigate inflammatory and regenerative responses in larval zebrafish using heartbeat-synchronised light-sheet fluorescence microscopy. We used this model to test two clinically approved CDK9 inhibitors, AT7519 and flavopiridol, examining their effects on neutrophils, macrophages and cardiomyocyte regeneration. We found that AT7519 and flavopiridol resolve neutrophil infiltration by inducing reverse migration from the cardiac lesion. Although continuous exposure to AT7519 or flavopiridol caused adverse phenotypes, transient treatment accelerated neutrophil resolution while avoiding these effects. Transient treatment with AT7519, but not flavopiridol, augmented wound-associated macrophage polarisation, which enhanced macrophage-dependent cardiomyocyte number expansion and the rate of myocardial wound closure. Using cdk9−/− knockout mutants, we showed that AT7519 is a selective CDK9 inhibitor, revealing the potential of such treatments to promote cardiac repair/regeneration. Summary: This study is the first to show that resolving neutrophilic inflammation using a clinically approved immunomodulatory drug (AT7519) improves heart regeneration in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Kaveh
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Finnius A Bruton
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Magdalena E M Oremek
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Carl S Tucker
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | - John J Mullins
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Martin A Denvir
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
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Huang S, Luo W, Wu G, Shen Q, Zhuang Z, Yang D, Qian J, Hu X, Cai Y, Chattipakorn N, Huang W, Liang G. Inhibition of CDK9 attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting inflammation and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:14892-14909. [PMID: 34102609 PMCID: PMC8221363 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated a key role of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction in atherosclerosis. Cyclin-dependent kinases 9 (CDK9), a potential biomarker of atherosclerosis, was significantly increased in coronary artery disease patient serum and played an important role in inflammatory diseases. This study was to explore the pharmacological role of CDK9 inhibition in attenuating atherosclerosis. METHODS A small-molecule CDK9 inhibitor, LDC000067, was utilized to treat the high fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoE-/- mice and human VSMCs. RESULTS The results showed that inflammation and phenotypic switching of VSMCs were observed in HFD-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice, which were accompanied with increased CDK9 in the serum and atherosclerotic lesions where it colocalized with VSMCs. LDC000067 treatment significantly suppressed HFD-induced inflammation, proliferation and phenotypic switching of VSMCs, resulting in reduced atherosclerosis in the ApoE-/- mice, while had no effect on plasma lipids. Further in vitro studies confirmed that LDC000067 and siRNA-mediated CDK9 knockdown reversed ox-LDL-induced inflammation and phenotypic switching of VSMCs from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype via inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway in human VSMCs. CONCLUSION These results indicate that inhibition of CDK9 may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shushi Huang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Gaojun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qirui Shen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zaishou Zhuang
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Daona Yang
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jinfu Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang 325000, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311399, China
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7
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Yang X, Luo W, Li L, Hu X, Xu M, Wang Y, Feng J, Qian J, Guan X, Zhao Y, Liang G. CDK9 inhibition improves diabetic nephropathy by reducing inflammation in the kidneys. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 416:115465. [PMID: 33631230 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic inflammatory renal disease induced by hyperglycemia. Recent studies have implicated cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) in inflammatory responses and renal fibrosis. In this study, we explored a potential role of CDK9 in DN by using cultured mouse mesangial cell line SV40 MES-13 and streptozotocin-induced type 1 mouse model of diabetes. We inhibited CDK9 in mice and in cultured cells by a highly selective CDK9 inhibitor, LDC000067 (LDC), and evaluated inflammatory and fibrogenic outcome by mRNA and protein analyses. Our studies show that treatment of diabetic mice with LDC significantly inhibits the levels of inflammatory cytokines and fibrogenic genes in kidney specimens. These reductions were associated with improved renal function. We also found that LDC treatment suppressed MAPK-AP1 activation. We then confirmed the involvement of CDK9 in cultured SV40 MES-13 cells and showed that deficiency in CDK9 prevents glucose-induced inflammatory and fibrogenic proteins. This protection was also afforded by suppression of MAPK-AP1. Taken together, our results how that hyperglycemia activates CDK9-MAPK-AP1 axis in kidneys to induce inflammation and fibrosis, leading to renal dysfunction. Our findings also suggest that CDK9 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Yang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianpeng Feng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinfu Guan
- The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjie Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Li J, Mao H, Pan Y, Li H, Lei L. Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 Inhibition Suppresses Necroptosis and Pyroptosis in the Progress of Endotoxemia. Inflammation 2020; 43:2061-2074. [PMID: 32556803 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01274-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The host innate immune response stands at the first line of defense against the outburst of pathogen invasion and their byproduct release. The balanced and coordinated expression of genes in normal immune responses is compromised in the progress of endotoxemia with exacerbated inflammation and massive cell death. In the present study, we identified cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9), the functional subunit of the positive transcription elongation factor b, as a master regulator of inflammatory gene transcription in the process of promoter-proximal pausing to productive elongation. Therapeutic pharmacological inhibition of CDK9 by flavopiridol (FVD) rescued mice from death in experimental models of fatal endotoxemia. In addition to alleviation of the cytokine storm in the circulation system following lethal endotoxin injection, FVD treatment significantly dampened the onset of inflammation in the livers and lungs and reduced the necroptosis and pyroptosis in livers. Moreover, CDK9 inhibition reduced inflammatory cytokine release and decreased cell death in the pro-inflammatory pyroptotic and necroptotic cell death pathway in monocytes in responses to lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, CDK9 inhibition may affect the progress of endotoxemia by dampening inflammation and cell death including necroptosis and pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Pan
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Department of Periodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Schrecengost RS, Green CL, Zhuang Y, Keller SN, Smith RA, Maines LW, Smith CD. In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor and Anti-Inflammatory Capabilities of the Novel GSK3 and CDK9 Inhibitor ABC1183. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 365:107-116. [PMID: 29434052 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.245738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3s (GSK3α and GSK3β) are constitutively active protein kinases that target over 100 substrates, incorporate into numerous protein complexes, and regulate such vital cellular functions as proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) regulates RNA production as a component of positive transcription elongation factor b and promotes expression of oncogenic and inflammatory genes. Simultaneous inhibition of these signaling nodes is a promising approach for drug discovery, although previous compounds exhibit limited selectivity and clinical efficacy. The novel diaminothiazole ABC1183 is a selective GSK3α/β and CDK9 inhibitor and is growth-inhibitory against a broad panel of cancer cell lines. ABC1183 treatment decreases cell survival through G2/M arrest and modulates oncogenic signaling through changes in GSK3, glycogen synthase, and β-catenin phosphorylation and MCL1 expression. Oral administration, which demonstrates no organ or hematologic toxicity, suppresses tumor growth and inflammation-driven gastrointestinal disease symptoms, owing in part to downregulation of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, ABC1183 is strategically poised to effectively mitigate multiple clinically relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Zhuang
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, Pennsylvania
| | - Staci N Keller
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, Pennsylvania
| | - Ryan A Smith
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, Pennsylvania
| | - Lynn W Maines
- Apogee Biotechnology Corporation, Hummelstown, Pennsylvania
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Veronicastrum axillare Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Suppression of Proinflammatory Mediators and Downregulation of the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:7934049. [PMID: 27890971 PMCID: PMC5116351 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7934049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Veronicastrum axillare is a traditional medical plant in China which is widely used in folk medicine due to its versatile biological activities, especially for its anti-inflammatory effects. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this action is not clear. Here, we studied the protective effects of V. axillare against acute lung injury (ALI), and we further explored the pharmacological mechanisms of this action. We found that pretreatment with V. axillare suppressed the release of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum of ALI mice. Histological analysis of lung tissue demonstrated that V. axillare inhibited LPS-induced lung injury, improved lung morphology, and reduced the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lungs. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory actions of V. axillare were investigated in vitro. We observed that V. axillare suppressed the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in RAW264.7 cells challenged with LPS. Furthermore, pretreatment of V. axillare in vitro reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB-α which is activated by LPS. In conclusion, our data firstly demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of V. axillare against ALI were achieved through downregulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators.
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11
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Polyphenol-rich propolis extracts from China and Brazil exert anti-inflammatory effects by modulating ubiquitination of TRAF6 during the activation of NF-κB. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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12
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Pérez-Cano FJ, Massot-Cladera M, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Castell M. Flavonoids Affect Host-Microbiota Crosstalk through TLR Modulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:649-70. [PMID: 26785232 PMCID: PMC4665504 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction between host cells and microbes is known as crosstalk. Among other mechanisms, this takes place when certain molecules of the micro-organisms are recognized by the toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the body cells, mainly in the intestinal epithelial cells and in the immune cells. TLRs belong to the pattern-recognition receptors and represent the first line of defense against pathogens, playing a pivotal role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Dysregulation in the activity of such receptors can lead to the development of chronic and severe inflammation as well as immunological disorders. Among components present in the diet, flavonoids have been suggested as antioxidant dietary factors able to modulate TLR-mediated signaling pathways. This review focuses on the molecular targets involved in the modulatory action of flavonoids on TLR-mediated signaling pathways, providing an overview of the mechanisms involved in such action. Particular flavonoids have been able to modify the composition of the microbiota, to modulate TLR gene and protein expression, and to regulate the downstream signaling molecules involved in the TLR pathway. These synergistic mechanisms suggest the role of some flavonoids in the preventive effect on certain chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Pérez-Cano
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Malen Massot-Cladera
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria J Rodríguez-Lagunas
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques II, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Margarida Castell
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Terashima T, Haque A, Kajita Y, Takeuchi A, Nakagawa T, Yokochi T. Flavopiridol inhibits interferon-γ-induced nitric oxide production in mouse vascular endothelial cells. Immunol Lett 2012; 148:91-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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Haque A, Noman ASM, Koide N, Odkhuu E, Naiki Y, Hashimoto S, Komatsu T, Yoshida T, Yokochi T. An ADP ribosylation factor-GTPase activating protein negatively regulates the production of proinflammatory mediators in response to lipopolysaccharide. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2011; 60:1439-46. [PMID: 21644032 PMCID: PMC11029365 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An ADP ribosylation factor-GTPase activating protein (ASAP1) is highly expressed in a variety of tumor cells and is involved in the cell motility, invasion, and metastasis. In order to elucidate the involvement of ASAP1 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory response, the effect of ASAP1 silencing on LPS-induced proinflammatory mediators production was examined by using RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells. ASAP1 was constitutively expressed in the cells and the expression was augmented by LPS stimulation. Silencing of ASAP1 with small interfering RNA enhanced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, interferon-β, and nitric oxide in response to LPS. ASAP1 silencing augmented the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and several mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). On the other hand, ASAP1 silencing did not affect the expression of IRAK4, TRAF6, and Akt as the upstream molecules of NF-κB signaling. A series of toll-like receptor ligands as well as LPS augmented the ASAP1 expression. Taken together, ASAP1 was suggested to negatively regulate LPS-induced proinflammatory mediators production through down-regulating LPS signaling. The feedback function of ASAP1 in LPS-mediated inflammatory response is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedul Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Abu Shadat Mohammod Noman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Naoki Koide
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Erdenezaya Odkhuu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Naiki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Shoji Hashimoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Takayuki Komatsu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Yoshida
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
| | - Takashi Yokochi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195 Japan
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