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Reddy R, Mintz J, Golan R, Firdaus F, Ponce R, Van Booven D, Manoharan A, Issa I, Blomberg BB, Arora H. Antibody Diversity in Cancer: Translational Implications and Beyond. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081165. [PMID: 35893814 PMCID: PMC9331493 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with cancer tend to develop antibodies to autologous proteins. This phenomenon has been observed across multiple cancer types, including bladder, lung, colon, prostate, and melanoma. These antibodies potentially arise due to induced inflammation or an increase in self-antigens. Studies focusing on antibody diversity are particularly attractive for their diagnostic value considering antibodies are present at an early diseased stage, serum samples are relatively easy to obtain, and the prevalence of antibodies is high even when the target antigen is minimally expressed. Conversely, the surveillance of serum proteins in cancer patients is relatively challenging because they often show variability in expression and are less abundant. Moreover, an antibody’s presence is also useful as it suggests the relative immunogenicity of a given antigen. For these reasons, profiling antibodies’ responses is actively considered to detect the spread of antigens following immunotherapy. The current review focuses on expanding the knowledge of antibodies and their diversity, and the impact of antibody diversity on cancer regression and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Reddy
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.R.); (F.F.); (A.M.)
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Joel Mintz
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33328, USA;
| | - Roei Golan
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee FL 32304, USA;
| | - Fakiha Firdaus
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.R.); (F.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Roxana Ponce
- Department of Biology, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Derek Van Booven
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (D.V.B.); (I.I.)
| | - Aysswarya Manoharan
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.R.); (F.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Isabelle Issa
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (D.V.B.); (I.I.)
| | - Bonnie B. Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Himanshu Arora
- Desai Sethi Urology Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (R.R.); (F.F.); (A.M.)
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33143, USA; (D.V.B.); (I.I.)
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence:
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2
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O-Glycan-Dependent Interaction between MUC1 Glycopeptide and MY.1E12 Antibody by NMR, Molecular Dynamics and Docking Simulations. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147855. [PMID: 35887202 PMCID: PMC9322718 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have been widely used for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. This is based on the fact that MUC1 undergoes aberrant glycosylation upon cancer progression, and anti-MUC1 antibodies differentiate changes in glycan structure. MY.1E12 is a promising anti-MUC1 antibody with a distinct specificity toward MUC1 modified with an immature O-glycan (NeuAcα(2-3)Galβ(1-3)GalNAc) on a specific Thr. However, the structural basis for the interaction between MY.1E12 and MUC1 remains unclear. The aim of this study is to elucidate the mode of interaction between MY.1E12 and MUC1 O-glycopeptide by NMR, molecular dynamics (MD) and docking simulations. NMR titration using MUC1 O-glycopeptides suggests that the epitope is located within the O-linked glycan and near the O-glycosylation site. MD simulations of MUC1 glycopeptide showed that the O-glycosylation significantly limits the flexibility of the peptide backbone and side chain of the O-glycosylated Thr. Docking simulations using modeled MY.1E12 Fv and MUC1 O-glycopeptide, suggest that VH mainly contributes to the recognition of the MUC1 peptide portion while VL mainly binds to the O-glycan part. The VH/VL-shared recognition mode of this antibody may be used as a template for the rational design and development of anti-glycopeptide antibodies.
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3
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Unique Glycoform-Dependent Monoclonal Antibodies for Mouse Mucin 21. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126718. [PMID: 35743163 PMCID: PMC9223859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 21(Muc21)/epiglycanin is expressed on apical surfaces of squamous epithelia and has potentially protective roles, which are thought to be associated with its unique glycoforms, whereas its aberrant glycosylation is implicated in the malignant behaviors of some carcinomas. Despite the importance of glycoforms, we lack tools to detect specific glycoforms of mouse Muc21. In this study, we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize different glycoforms of Muc21. We used membrane lysates of Muc21-expressing TA3-Ha cells or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells transfected with Muc21 as antigens. Specificity testing, utilizing Muc21 glycosylation variant cells, showed that mAb 1A4-1 recognized Muc21 carrying glycans terminated with galactose residues, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized Muc21 carrying sialylated glycans. mAb 1A4-1 stained a majority of mouse mammary carcinoma TA3-Ha cells in vitro and in engrafted tumors in mice, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized only a subpopulation of these. mAb 1A4-1 was useful in immunohistochemically detecting Muc21 in normal squamous epithelia. In conclusion, these mAbs recognize distinct Muc21 epitopes formed by combinations of peptide portions and O-glycans.
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Safarzadeh Kozani P, Safarzadeh Kozani P, Rahbarizadeh F. CAR T cells redirected against tumor-specific antigen glycoforms: can low-sugar antigens guarantee a sweet success? Front Med 2022; 16:322-338. [PMID: 35687277 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-021-0901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Immune-based therapies have experienced a pronounced breakthrough in the past decades as they acquired multiple US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for various indications. To date, six chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies have been permitted for the treatment of certain patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. However, several clinical trials of solid tumor CAR-T therapies were prematurely terminated, or they reported life-threatening treatment-related damages to healthy tissues. The simultaneous expression of target antigens by healthy organs and tumor cells is partly responsible for such toxicities. Alongside targeting tumor-specific antigens, targeting the aberrantly glycosylated glycoforms of tumor-associated antigens can also minimize the off-tumor effects of CAR-T therapies. Tn, T, and sialyl-Tn antigens have been reported to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, and their expression results from the dysregulation of a series of glycosyltransferases and the endoplasmic reticulum protein chaperone, Cosmc. Moreover, these glycoforms have been associated with various types of cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, gastric, and lung cancers. Here, we discuss how underglycosylated antigens emerge and then detail the latest advances in the development of CAR-T-based immunotherapies that target some of such antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14115/111, Iran
| | - Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, P.O. Box 44771/66595, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14115/111, Iran. .,Research and Development Center of Biotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, P.O. Box 14115/111, Iran.
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5
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Tamada Y, Nomura H, Aoki D, Irimura T. A Possible Inhibitory Role of Sialic Acid on MUC1 in Peritoneal Dissemination of Clear Cell-Type Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195962. [PMID: 34641504 PMCID: PMC8512441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of sialic acids on MUC1 in peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells was investigated. A human ovarian carcinoma cell line, ES-2, was transfected with full-length MUC1 containing 22 or 42 tandem repeats. These transfectants were less adherent to monolayers of patient-derived mesothelial cells than ES-2/mock transfectants. When these cells were inoculated into the abdominal cavity of female nude mice, mice that had received the transfectants showed better survival. When the transfectants were mixed with sialidase and injected, the survival was poorer, whereas when they were mixed with N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid, a sialidase inhibitor, the survival was significantly prolonged. These behaviors, concerned with peritoneal implantation and dissemination observed in vitro and in vivo, were dependent on the expression of MUC1. Therefore, sialic acid linked to MUC1 in the form, at least in part, of sialyl-T, as shown to be recognized by monoclonal antibody MY.1E12, is responsible for the suppression of adhesion of these cells to mesothelial cells and the suppression of peritoneal implantation and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tamada
- Department of Gynecology, Jyoban Hospital, Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki 972-8322, Japan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Nomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-(3)-5802-1876 or +81-(3)-3813-3111; Fax: +81-(3)-3830-8715
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6
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Isaka E, Sugiura T, Hashimoto K, Kikuta K, Anazawa U, Nomura T, Kameyama A. Characterization of tumor-associated MUC1 and its glycans expressed in mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:702. [PMID: 34457057 PMCID: PMC8358622 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is one of the most frequently misdiagnosed tumors. Glycans are modulated by malignant transformation. Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a mucin whose expression is upregulated in various tumors, including MEC, and it has previously been investigated as a diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker. The present study aimed to reveal the differences in the mucin glycans between MEC and normal salivary glands (NSGs) to discover novel diagnostic markers. Soluble fractions of salivary gland homogenate prepared from three MEC salivary glands and 7 NSGs were evaluated. Mucins in MEC and NSGs were separated using supported molecular matrix electrophoresis, and stained with Alcian blue and monoclonal antibodies. The glycans of the separated mucins were analyzed by mass spectrometry. MUC1 was found in MEC but not in NSGs, and almost all glycans of MUC1 in MEC were sialylated, whereas the glycans of mucins in NSGs were less sialylated. The core 2 type glycans, (Hex)2(HexNAc)2(NeuAc)1 and (Hex)2(HexNAc)2(NeuAc)2, were found to be significantly abundant glycans of MUC1 in MEC. MEC markedly produced MUC1 modified with sialylated core 2 glycans. These data were obtained from the soluble fractions of salivary gland homogenates. These findings provide a basis for the utilization of MUC1 as a serum diagnostic marker for the preoperative diagnosis of MEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eisaku Isaka
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Takanori Sugiura
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hashimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kikuta
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology and Orthopaedic Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 320-0834, Japan
| | - Ukei Anazawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nomura
- Department of Oral Oncology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan.,Oral Cancer Center, Tokyo Dental College, Ichikawa-shi, Chiba 272-8513, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kameyama
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
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8
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Bose M, Mukherjee P. Potential of Anti-MUC1 Antibodies as a Targeted Therapy for Gastrointestinal Cancers. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E659. [PMID: 33167508 PMCID: PMC7712407 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GI) account for 26% of cancer incidences globally and 35% of all cancer-related deaths. The main challenge is to target cancer specific antigens. Mucins are heavily O-glycosylated proteins overexpressed in different cancers. The transmembrane glycoprotein MUC1 is the most likeable target for antibodies, owing to its specific overexpression and aberrant glycosylation in many types of cancers. For the past 30 years, MUC1 has remained a possible diagnostic marker and therapeutic target. Despite initiation of numerous clinical trials, a comprehensively effective therapy with clinical benefit is yet to be achieved. However, the interest in MUC1 as a therapeutic target remains unaltered. For all translational studies, it is important to incorporate updated relevant research findings into therapeutic strategies. In this review we present an overview of the antibodies targeting MUC1 in GI cancers, their potential role in immunotherapy (i.e., antibody-drug and radioimmunoconjugates, CAR-T cells), and other novel therapeutic strategies. We also present our perspectives on how the mechanisms of action of different anti-MUC1 antibodies can target specific hallmarks of cancer and therefore be utilized as a combination therapy for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukulika Bose
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA;
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9
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Pourjafar M, Samadi P, Saidijam M. MUC1 antibody-based therapeutics: the promise of cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2020; 12:1269-1286. [PMID: 33019839 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based targeted therapies have been able to target cancers with enhanced specificity and high efficacy. In this regard, identifying cancer markers (antigens) that are only present (tumor-specific antigens) or have an increased expression (tumor-associated antigen) on the surface of cancer cells is a crucial step for targeted cancer treatment. Various cancer antigens have already been used for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. MUC1 is one of the most important tumor markers with high levels of expression in various solid tumors which makes it as a potential target for antibody-based therapies. This review discusses preclinical and clinical results from various platforms based on monoclonal antibodies, nanobodies as well as bispecific antibodies against MUC1. We also highlight unmet challenges that must be overcome to generate more effective cancer immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Pourjafar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Pouria Samadi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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10
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Products of Chemoenzymatic Synthesis Representing MUC1 Tandem Repeat Unit with T-, ST- or STn-antigen Revealed Distinct Specificities of Anti-MUC1 Antibodies. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16641. [PMID: 31719620 PMCID: PMC6851390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1. However, a systematic comparison of the binding specificities of anti-MUC1 antibodies was not previously conducted. Here, a total of 20 glycopeptides including the tandem repeat unit of MUC1, APPAHGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPAHGV with GalNAc (Tn-antigen), Galβ1-3GalNAc (T-antigen), NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc (sialyl-T-antigen), or NeuAcα2-6GalNAc (sialyl-Tn-antigen) at each threonine or serine residue were prepared by a combination of chemical glycopeptide synthesis and enzymatic extension of carbohydrate chains. These glycopeptides were tested by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for their capacity to bind 13 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) known to be specific for MUC1. The results indicated that anti-MUC1 mAbs have diverse specificities but can be classified into a few characteristic groups based on their binding pattern toward glycopeptides in some cases having a specific glycan at unique glycosylation sites. Because the clinical significance of some of these antibodies was already established, the structural features identified by these antibodies as revealed in the present study should provide useful information relevant to their further clinical use and the biological understanding of MUC1.
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11
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Steentoft C, Fuhrmann M, Battisti F, Van Coillie J, Madsen TD, Campos D, Halim A, Vakhrushev SY, Joshi HJ, Schreiber H, Mandel U, Narimatsu Y. A strategy for generating cancer-specific monoclonal antibodies to aberrant O-glycoproteins: identification of a novel dysadherin-Tn antibody. Glycobiology 2019; 29:307-319. [PMID: 30726901 PMCID: PMC6430981 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful application of potent antibody-based T-cell engaging immunotherapeutic strategies is currently limited mainly to hematological cancers. One major reason is the lack of well-characterized antigens on solid tumors with sufficient cancer specific expression. Aberrantly O-glycosylated proteins contain promising cancer-specific O-glycopeptide epitopes suitable for immunotherapeutic applications, but currently only few examples of such antibody epitopes have been identified. We previously showed that chimeric antigen receptor T-cells directed towards aberrantly O-glycosylated MUC1 can control malignant growth in a mouse model. Here, we present a discovery platform for the generation of cancer-specific monoclonal antibodies targeting aberrant O-glycoproteins. The strategy is based on cancer cell lines engineered to homogeneously express the truncated Tn O-glycoform, the so-called SimpleCells. We used SimpleCells of different cancer origin to elicit monoclonal antibodies with selectivity for aberrant O-glycoproteins. For validation we selected and characterized one monoclonal antibody (6C5) directed to a Tn-glycopeptide in dysadherin (FXYD5), known to be upregulated in cancer and promote metastasis. While dysadherin is widely expressed also in normal cells, we demonstrated that the 6C5 epitope is specifically expressed in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Max Fuhrmann
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Federico Battisti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324 Rome, Italy
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Thomas D Madsen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Diana Campos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação e Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adnan Halim
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Sergey Y Vakhrushev
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Hiren J Joshi
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Hans Schreiber
- Department of Pathology, Committee on Immunology, Committee on Cancer Biology, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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12
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Steentoft C, Migliorini D, King TR, Mandel U, June CH, Posey AD. Glycan-directed CAR-T cells. Glycobiology 2018; 28:656-669. [PMID: 29370379 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is rapidly advancing in the treatment of a variety of hematopoietic cancers, including pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diffuse large B cell lymphoma, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells. CARs are genetically encoded artificial T cell receptors that combine the antigen specificity of an antibody with the machinery of T cell activation. However, implementation of CAR technology in the treatment of solid tumors has been progressing much slower. Solid tumors are characterized by a number of challenges that need to be overcome, including cellular heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and, in particular, few known cancer-specific targets. Post-translational modifications that differentially occur in malignant cells generate valid cell surface, cancer-specific targets for CAR-T cells. We previously demonstrated that CAR-T cells targeting an aberrant O-glycosylation of MUC1, a common cancer marker associated with changes in cell adhesion, tumor growth and poor prognosis, could control malignant growth in mouse models. Here, we discuss the field of glycan-directed CAR-T cells and review the different classes of antibodies specific for glycan-targeting, including the generation of high affinity O-glycopeptide antibodies. Finally, we discuss historic and recently investigated glycan targets for CAR-T cells and provide our perspective on how targeting the tumor glycoproteome and/or glycome will improve CAR-T immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Steentoft
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Denis Migliorini
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tiffany R King
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ulla Mandel
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Departments of Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Odontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carl H June
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Avery D Posey
- Center of Cellular Immunotherapies, Abramson Cancer Center and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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13
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Klausen P, Kovacevic B, Toxvaerd A, Kalaitzakis E, Karstensen JG, Rift CV, Hansen CP, Storkholm J, Vilmann P, Hasselby JP. Subtyping of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms - pitfalls of MUC1 immunohistochemistry. APMIS 2018; 127:27-32. [PMID: 30549137 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) are precursor lesions of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Current edition of WHO Classification of Tumors of the Digestive System recognizes four different subtypes (gastric, intestinal, pancreatobiliary, and oncocytic) and recommends analysis of mucin expression (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6) as well as evaluation of architectural and cell differentiation patterns for correct classification. However, there is no consensus on MUC1 expression of IPMN-lesions in the literature. Current recommendations are based on studies where antibodies against the core MUC1 protein or sialylated MUC1 (tumor associated MUC1), not the fully glycosylated MUC1 were used. We have recently reported that MUC1 is strongly expressed in both gastric and intestinal types IPMN specimens from the cystic wall, obtained by endoscopic ultrasound guided microbiopsy procedure. We have used a commercial MUC1 antibody, validated and recommended for diagnostic use, which recognizes fully glycosylated MUC1. Based on the above, we propose a revision of the WHO Classification, specifying that antibodies against tumor associated MUC1 should be used for IPMN subtyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Klausen
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Bojan Kovacevic
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anders Toxvaerd
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Evangelos Kalaitzakis
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - John Gásdal Karstensen
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.,Gastro Unit, Division of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Vestrup Rift
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
| | - Carsten Palnaes Hansen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
| | - Jan Storkholm
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
| | - Peter Vilmann
- Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jane Preuss Hasselby
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, København, Denmark
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14
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Narimatsu H, Sato T. Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive glycobiomarkers: a unique lectin as a serum biomarker probe in various diseases. Expert Rev Proteomics 2017; 15:183-190. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1419066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
- Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
- Glycoscience and Glycotechnology Research Group, Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
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15
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Shoda J, Matsuda A, Shida T, Yamamoto M, Nagino M, Tsuyuguchi T, Yasaka T, Tazuma S, Uchiyama K, Unno M, Ohkohchi N, Nakanuma Y, Kuno A, Narimatsu H. Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-sialylated mucin core polypeptide 1 is a sensitive biomarker for biliary tract carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter study. J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:218-228. [PMID: 27358229 PMCID: PMC5281651 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-016-1230-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)-sialylated mucin core polypeptide 1 (MUC1) was investigated as a new glycoprotein marker for cholangiocarcinoma (CC) using glycoproteomics technologies. In this multicenter study, WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels in serum and bile samples were measured to determine their diagnostic capability in biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) and intrahepatic (Ih) CC. METHODS The study included 244 patients with BTC, 59 patients with IhCC, 287 patients with benign biliary tract diseases, and 44 control subjects. RESULTS Serum WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels were significantly higher in patients with either BTC or IhCC than in control subjects and those with benign biliary tract diseases. Patients with IhCC showed higher WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels than patients with tumors at other sites. No significant differences in WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels were found with regard to cancer stage or tissue type. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that WFA-sialylated MUC1 was superior to carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for the diagnosis of benign biliary tract diseases, BTC, and IhCC, as well as for stage I and II carcinomas. Significantly higher levels of biliary WFA-sialylated MUC1 were observed in BTC/IhCC than in benign biliary tract diseases. The diagnostic capability of biliary WFA-sialylated MUC1 was also superior to that of CA19-9, and diagnostic sensitivity was higher than that of biliary cytology for BTC/IhCC. CONCLUSIONS WFA-sialylated MUC1 is a useful novel biomarker for BTC/IhCC. In the future, this measurement should be applied in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Shoda
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine,, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsuda
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Takashi Shida
- Department of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine,, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575 Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Nagino
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshio Tsuyuguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasaka
- Division of Surgery, Nagasaki Prefectural Kamigoto Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Susumu Tazuma
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Uchiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Ohkohchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yasuni Nakanuma
- Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kuno
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Hisashi Narimatsu
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience (RCMG), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan
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16
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Matsuda A, Kuno A, Kawamoto T, Matsuzaki H, Irimura T, Ikehara Y, Zen Y, Nakanuma Y, Yamamoto M, Ohkohchi N, Shoda J, Hirabayashi J, Narimatsu H. Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive mucin 1 is a sensitive biliary marker for human cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2010; 52:174-82. [PMID: 20578261 DOI: 10.1002/hep.23654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is an aggressive malignant tumor for which useful markers are not presently available for early and precise diagnosis. The aim of this study was therefore to identify a high-performance diagnostic marker with a special focus on glyco-alteration of glycoproteins. In the course of study, we found that Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) is the best probe to differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) lesions from normal bile duct epithelia (BDE) (P < 0.0001). The subsequent histochemical study confirmed ICC-specific WFA staining on 165 tissue specimens. On the other hand, the WFA staining was shown to be closely associated with that of MY.1E12 established previously against sialylated mucin 1 (MUC1) by double-staining experiments. Moreover, glyco-alteration of MUC1 could be verified by western blotting of WFA-captured bile samples from patients with CC patients. Thus, we attempted to construct an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system for more convenient CC diagnosis, where WFA-coated plates, the specific monoclonal antibody MY.1E12, and the bile specimens from CC including ICC (n = 30) and benign diseases (n = 38) were combined. As a result, CC was clearly distinguished from benign diseases with statistical scores (sensitivity = 90.0%, specificity = 76.3%, and area under the curve = 0.85). As a particular note, the obtained sensitivity is the highest score among those having been so far reported. CONCLUSION Our approach focusing significant glyco-alteration of a particular glycoprotein yielded a novel diagnostic system for CC with satisfactory clinical scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Matsuda
- Research Center for Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST Tsukuba Central 2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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Sugiura D, Aida S, Denda-Nagai K, Takeda K, Kamata-Sakurai M, Yagita H, Irimura T. Differential effector mechanisms induced by vaccination with MUC1 DNA in the rejection of colon carcinoma growth at orthotopic sites and metastases. Cancer Sci 2008; 99:2477-84. [PMID: 19018774 PMCID: PMC11158969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2008.00967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/09/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of MUC1 DNA vaccination on the orthotopic growth and liver metastasis of colon carcinoma cells were investigated in mice. Vaccination with MUC1 DNA resulted in immune responses that were effective in suppressing mouse colon carcinoma cells transfected with MUC1 cDNA. CD4+ T cells but not CD8+ T cells mediated this antitumor response as shown by the in vivo depletion of lymphocyte subpopulations with the use of anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibody. The effects of neutralizing antibodies in vivo revealed that the predominant effector molecule in preventing orthotopic tumor growth was FasL, whereas the effector molecule effective in preventing liver metastasis was tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Colon carcinoma cells isolated from tumors growing in the ceca, spleens, and livers were shown to be equally sensitive to FasL and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The results strongly suggest that elimination of tumor cells initiated by DNA vaccination in the present protocol is mediated by antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and the effector mechanisms in the cecum and in the liver are distinct due to a unique organ microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Sugiura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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18
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Tamada Y, Takeuchi H, Suzuki N, Susumu N, Aoki D, Irimura T. Biological and therapeutic significance of MUC1 with sialoglycans in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. Cancer Sci 2007; 98:1586-91. [PMID: 17711507 PMCID: PMC11159453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (mAb) MY.1E12 was applied to detect MUC1 with sialylated glycans in a total of 55 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas. A reverse correlation between the binding levels of this mAb and patient survival was demonstrated. To examine the role of MUC1 in ovarian clear cell carcinomas, two cDNA encoding MUC1 were transfected into ES-2 ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells. By comparing these cells, the role of MUC1 in tumorigenicity, chemosensitivity and survival under anoikis conditions were assessed. The results indicate that MUC1 expressed on ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells is causally involved in the malignant behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Tamada
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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19
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Tarp MA, Sørensen AL, Mandel U, Paulsen H, Burchell J, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Clausen H. Identification of a novel cancer-specific immunodominant glycopeptide epitope in the MUC1 tandem repeat. Glycobiology 2006; 17:197-209. [PMID: 17050588 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwl061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell membrane mucin MUC1 is over-expressed and aberrantly glycosylated in many cancers, and cancer-associated MUC1 glycoforms represent potential targets for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures. We have recently shown that MUC1 with GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (Tn) and NeuAcalpha2-6GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (STn) O-glycosylation is a cancer-specific glycoform, and that Tn/STn-MUC1 glycopeptide-based vaccines can override tolerance in human MUC1 transgenic mice and induce humoral immunity with high specificity for MUC1 cancer-specific glycoforms (Sorensen AL, Reis CA, Tarp MA, Mandel U, Ramachandran K, Sankaranarayanan V, Schwientek T, Graham R, Taylor-Papadimitriou J, Hollingsworth MA, et al. 2006. Chemoenzymatically synthesized multimeric Tn/STn MUC1 glycopeptides elicit cancer-specific anti-MUC1 antibody responses and override tolerance. Glycobiology. 16:96-107). In order to further characterize the immune response to Tn/STn-MUC1 glycoforms, we generated monoclonal antibodies with specificity similar to the polyclonal antibody response found in transgenic mice. In the present study, we define the immunodominant epitope on Tn/STn-MUC1 glycopeptides to the region including the amino acids GSTA of the MUC1 20-amino acid tandem repeat (HGVTSAPDTRPAPGSTAPPA). Most other MUC1 antibodies are directed to the PDTR region, although patients with antibodies to the GSTA region have been identified. A panel of other MUC1 glycoform-specific monoclonal antibodies was included for comparison. The study demonstrates that the GSTA region of the MUC1 tandem repeat contains a highly immunodominant epitope when presented with immature short O-glycans. The cancer-specific expression of this glycopeptide epitope makes it a prime candidate for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads A Tarp
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
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20
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Arai T, Fujita K, Fujime M, Irimura T. Expression of sialylated MUC1 in prostate cancer: Relationship to clinical stage and prognosis. Int J Urol 2005; 12:654-61. [PMID: 16045558 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2005.01112.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM MUC1 is distributed among a variety of normal epithelial tissues, and overexpression of MUC1 is detected in several human cancers. This study aimed to elucidate whether sialylated MUC1 expression correlated with: (i) clinical stage of prostate cancer; (ii) pathological grade of prostate cancer; (iii) pretreatment serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA); or (iv) the disease prognosis in patients with prostate cancer who received endocrine therapy. METHODS We collected 57 biopsy specimens from prostate cancer patients treated with only endocrine therapy, and 10 specimens of normal prostates. These specimens were stained immunohistochemically by using a novel monoclonal antibody, MY.1E12, to detect sialylated MUC1. The levels of expression, clinical stages, pathological grades, pretreatment serum level of PSA and the prognoses of the patients were statistically analyzed for correlations. RESULTS There were statistically significant correlations between the expression of sialylated MUC1 and pathological grades (WHO grade, P<0.01; Gleason score, P<0.05). Expression increased according to the progression of the disease (existence of clinical metastasis, P<0.05; clinical T-stage, P<0.01). Patients with high serum levels of PSA had higher expression than those with low levels (P<0.01). The level of sialylated MUC1 significantly correlated with progression-free survival (P<0.01) and cause-specific survival (P<0.01) according to univariate analyses. Furthermore, the level significantly correlated with progression-free survival according to multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that sialylated MUC1 plays an important role in the progression of prostate cancer, and that its expression level in the primary lesion is a useful marker for the prognoses of patients undergoing endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Arai
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Suzuki H, Shoda J, Kawamoto T, Shinozaki E, Miyahara N, Hotta S, Iizuka Y, Nakahara A, Tanaka N, Yanaka A, Irimura T. Expression of MUC1 recognized by monoclonal antibody MY.1E12 is a useful biomarker for tumor aggressiveness of advanced colon carcinoma. Clin Exp Metastasis 2004; 21:321-9. [PMID: 15554388 DOI: 10.1023/b:clin.0000046133.35133.cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To address the need for new prognostic parameters in advanced colon carcinoma that could add insights into the aggressiveness of tumors, the expression levels of MUC1 recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) MY.1E12 in archival specimens from 123 Japanese patients with colon carcinomas were evaluated by immunohistochemistry to correlate the results with clinicopathological characteristics. The localization of mAb MY.1E12-reactive-MUC1 (MY.1E12-MUC1) was classified into apical, cytoplasmic and stromal types based on the predominant cellular distribution. The MUC1 mRNA levels revealed by in situ hybridization were not a determinant for the localization types of MY.1E12-MUC1. Immunostaining of MY.1E12-MUC1 was recognized in the cancerous epithelia of pT1 carcinoma in 61%, pT2 in 78%, pT3 in 98% and pT4 in 90% of the cases at the deepest invading sites. At the deepest invading sites, apical-type localization was found to predominate in pT1 carcinoma, but stromal-type localization was found to increase in pT2-4 carcinomas in parallel with the depth of invasion. The frequency of synchronous distant organ metastasis at the time of diagnosis tended to be higher in cases of pT3 and pT4 carcinomas in the stromal-type localization-dominant group than in cases in the apical-type localization-dominant group. The post-surgical survival outcome of cases of pT3 and pT4 carcinomas was significantly poorer in the former than in the latter (P = 0.002). The stromal-type localization of MY.1E12-MUC1 may be a phenotype serving as a unique biological feature associated with the tumor aggressiveness of advanced colon carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, The University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan
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22
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Tadatsu M, Ito S, Muguruma N, Kusaka Y, Inayama K, Bando T, Tadatsu Y, Okamoto K, Ii K, Nagao Y, Sano S, Taue H. A new infrared fluorescent-labeling agent and labeled antibody for diagnosing microcancers. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:3289-94. [PMID: 12837539 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00239-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We have developed infrared fluorescent labeling agents and infrared-ray fluorescence endoscopes to establish a novel diagnostic technique. Since the fluorescence intensity of the initial labeled antibody (ICG-sulfo-OSu-labeled antibody) was not sufficient for practical use, we synthesized indocyanine green acylthiazolidinethione (ICG-ATT), which was expected to label various target molecules having amino groups efficiently. MATERIALS AND METHODS To confirm imaging of infrared fluorescence intensity of ICG-ATT- and ICG-sulfo-OSu-labeled anti-MUC1 antibodies, cotton thread was soaked in various concentrations of the antibody solution in 0.1M PBS, and observed under the epi-illumination infrared fluorescence microscope. Localization and the intensity of infrared fluorescence and DAB coloring was compared in paraffin sections of human gastric mucosa. RESULTS In the study of cotton threads, both labeled antibodies showed relatively clear infrared fluorescence, and significant difference was not observed between the two antibodies. ICG-ATT-labeled anti-MUC1 antibody produced stronger staining than that by ICG-sulfo-OSu-labeled antibody. Localization pattern of infrared fluorescent staining was in good agreement with that by the conventional method with oxidized DAB staining. CONCLUSION ICG-ATT is useful as a fluorescent-labeling agent for diagnosis of microcancers by infrared fluorescence endoscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Tadatsu
- Department of Digestive and Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City 770-8503, Japan
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23
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Kamata M, Denda-Nagai K, Kubota N, Aida S, Takeda K, Irimura T. Vaccination of mice with MUC1 cDNA suppresses the development of lung metastases. Clin Exp Metastasis 2003; 19:689-96. [PMID: 12553374 DOI: 10.1023/a:1021332932531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
C57BL/6 mice were immunized intradermally with various doses of purified pCEP4 plasmid DNA containing full-length MUC1 cDNA (22 tandem repeats). Mice immunized with MUC1 DNA three times at weekly intervals had serum antibodies to a synthetic peptide corresponding to the tandem repeats of MUC1. The antibody titer correlated with the plasmid DNA dose. After the third immunization mice were injected intravenously with 5 x 10(5) 16-F10 melanoma cells that had been stably transfected with MUC1 cDNA (F10-MUC1-C8 clone cells). The number of lung metastatic nodules three weeks after inoculation of F10-MUC1-C8 cells was significantly lower in mice immunized with MUC1 plasmid DNA than in mice immunized with the vector DNA alone. Thus, the suppression of lung metastasis was antigen-specific. In vivo depletion of lymphocyte subpopulations by specific antibodies revealed that natural killer cells are the major effector cells responsible for the suppression of lung metastasis. CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells apparently played some roles too.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kamata
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo,Japan
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24
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Matsukita S, Nomoto M, Kitajima S, Tanaka S, Goto M, Irimura T, Kim YS, Sato E, Yonezawa S. Expression of mucins (MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6) in mucinous carcinoma of the breast: comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma. Histopathology 2003; 42:26-36. [PMID: 12493022 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.2003.01530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Mucinous carcinoma of the breast usually shows less frequent lymph node metastasis and more favourable outcome compared with invasive ductal carcinoma. The aim of this study is to compare the expression profiles of several mucins in mucinous carcinomas and invasive ductal carcinomas to gain insight into the relationship between the less aggressive biological nature of mucinous carcinoma and the role of mucins. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined the expression profiles of MUC1 (membrane-bound mucin) of different glycoforms (from non-glycosylated form to fully glycosylated form), MUC2 (intestinal type secretory mucin), MUC5AC (gastric surface type secretory mucin) and MUC6 (gastric pyloric gland type secretory mucin) in 17 mucinous carcinomas and 46 invasive ductal carcinomas using immunohistochemistry. Various glycoforms of MUC1 were expressed frequently in both mucinous carcinomas (65-100%) and invasive ductal carcinomas (92-100%), although non-glycosylated MUC1 (MUC1/CORE) and fully glycosylated MUC1 (MUC1/HMFG-1) showed significantly lower expression rates in mucinous carcinomas compared with those in invasive ductal carcinomas. The expression rates of MUC2 (94%) and MUC6 (71%) in mucinous carcinomas were significantly higher than those of MUC2 (15%) and MUC6 (15%) in invasive ductal carcinomas. There was no significant difference in the expression rate of MUC5AC in mucinous carcinomas (12%) and that in invasive ductal carcinomas (4%). CONCLUSIONS The expression rate of MUC1/CORE and MUC1/HMFG-1, which is related to poor prognosis in the gastric and colorectal cancers, is low in mucinous carcinomas. The high expression rate of gel-forming secretory mucins (MUC2 and MUC6) in mucinous carcinoma suggests that high production of these types of mucins may act as a barrier to cancerous extension resulting in their less aggressive biological behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matsukita
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Faculty of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Kagoshima Medical Association Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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25
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Horinouchi M, Nagata K, Nakamura A, Goto M, Takao S, Sakamoto M, Fukushima N, Miwa A, Irimura T, Imai K, Sato E, Yonezawa S. Expression of Different Glycoforms of Membrane Mucin(MUC1) and Secretory Mucin (MUC2, MUC5AC and MUC6) in Pancreatic Neoplasms. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2003. [DOI: 10.1267/ahc.36.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Horinouchi
- Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima Medical Association Hospital
| | - Kohji Nagata
- Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Akiko Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Kagoshima Medical Association Hospital
| | - Masamichi Goto
- Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Sonshin Takao
- Division of Surgery, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Michiie Sakamoto
- Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute
- Department of Pathology, Keio University, School of Medicine
| | - Noriyoshi Fukushima
- Pathology Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions
| | | | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo
| | - Kohzoh Imai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University of Medicine
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Suguru Yonezawa
- Division of Human Pathology, Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
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26
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Takeuchi H, Kato K, Denda-Nagai K, Hanisch FG, Clausen H, Irimura T. The epitope recognized by the unique anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody MY.1E12 involves sialyl alpha 2-3galactosyl beta 1-3N-acetylgalactosaminide linked to a distinct threonine residue in the MUC1 tandem repeat. J Immunol Methods 2002; 270:199-209. [PMID: 12379325 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The specificity of the MY.1E12 mAb that was generated by immunizing mice with human milk fat globule (HMFG) was investigated. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated peptides corresponding to a portion of the MUC1 tandem repeat were enzymatically glycosylated with N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, and then sialic acid. The MY.1E12 mAb was examined for its affinity to the resulting glycopeptides by fluorescence polarization. Its affinity for the peptide whose Thr within the VTS sequence bears a Neu5Ac alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3GalNAc trisaccharide (K(d)=1.4 x 10(-7) M) was significantly higher than for the same peptide whose Thr bears an unsialylated disaccharide (K(d)=3.9 x 10(-6) M). The MY.1E12 mAb also bound strongly to a purified recombinant MUC1 fusion protein with six tandem repeats that was expressed by transfected MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The removal of sialic acids from the fusion protein significantly decreased MY.1E12 mAb reactivity, much more so than the MUC1-specific 115D8 antibody, whose epitope is known to be destroyed by desialylation. Thus, the attachment of the sialyl alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-3 beta 1-3GalNAc trisaccharide onto the Thr within the VTS motif significantly increases the binding of the MY.1E12 antibody to the MUC1 repeat sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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27
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Kimura A, Ohta M, Ono K, Yamaguchi K, Inoue H, Yasuda S, Nosaka M, Tsuji T. Type III intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma express an identical carbohydrate-epitope revealed by a novel monoclonal antibody (2D11). Int J Cancer 2002; 102:286-92. [PMID: 12397653 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.10684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (2D11, IgG2b) obtained by immunizing mice with a mucin fraction of the human gastric mucosa reacted specifically to intestinal metaplasia of human gastric mucosa and fetal intestinal mucosa but not to normal adult gastric, small intestinal or colonic mucosa in immunohistochemical staining. The results of Western blotting indicated that 2D11 recognized the high molecular weight glycoprotein(s) (mucin) of the stomach. Treatment of the antigens with sodium periodate abolished their reactivity to 2D11, and digestion of the antigens with beta-galactosidase reduced their reactivity to 2D11. Digestion of the antigens with pronase had no effect, however, suggesting that 2D11 recognizes the oligosugar moiety but not the peptide moiety of the antigens. Further immunohistochemical investigation showed that the reactivity of 2D11 was restricted to the Type IotaIotaIota intestinal metaplasia that is identified by a characteristic staining pattern with the high iron diamine-Alcian blue stain. 2D11 also reacted in high frequency to adenocarcinomas of the stomach (66.7%), pancreas (66.7%) and gallbladder (50.0%), but in low frequency to those in lung (8.3%) and colon (11.1%). It is of interest that 2D11 reacted to very restricted regions of the gastric adenocarcinomas. All monoclonal antibodies to mucin polypeptides (MUC1, 2, 3, 5AC and 6) examined stained intestinal metaplasia and carcinomas in a different pattern from 2D11 in immunohistochemistry. These facts indicate that Type IotaIotaIota intestinal metaplasia and carcinomas express carbohydrate chains identical to those expressed in the fetal intestinal mucosa, suggesting that both of them are closely related to fetal intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Kimura
- Department of Legal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama 641-0012, Japan.
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28
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Taki C, Kitajima S, Sueyoshi K, Yonezawa S, Tanaka S, Sakoda K, Irimura T, Sato E, Goto M. MUC1 mucin expression in follicular dendritic cells and lymphoepithelial lesions of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Pathol Int 2002; 52:691-701. [PMID: 12685546 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2002.01411.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-associated mucin MUC1 is expressed in various adenocarcinoma cells and active T lymphocytes. We tried to find out whether MUC1 is expressed in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma lesion. MUC1 was not expressed in infiltrating T lymphocytes; however, MUC1 was found on the cell surface of follicular dendritic cells (FDC) of germinal centers and in the epithelial cytoplasm of lymphoepithelial lesion (LEL) of the lymphoma, which were immunohistochemically detected by monoclonal antibodies DF3 and MY.1E12. MUC1 was also expressed in the FDC of control cases (gastrectomy specimen containing reactive lymphoid follicles, n = 10, MUC1/ DF3, 100%; MUC1/MY.1E12, 40%), and FDC in MALT lymphomas (n = 59) showed lower MUC1 expression rates (MUC1/ DF3, 32%; MUC1/MY.1E12, 0%) than the control (P < 0.001). Lymphoepithelial lesion in the low-grade MALT lymphomas (n = 23) showed a higher MUC1/DF3 expression rate (30%) than those in the high-grade MALT lymphomas (n = 36; 6%; P < 0.05). T lymphocytes in the surface mucosa were more frequent in MALT lymphoma (91.4 +/- 80.6/unit area) than those in the control (20.0 +/- 23.6) (P < 0.001). S100-positive dendritic cells around LEL were more frequent in the low-grade (19.0 +/- 9.4/unit area) than in the high-grade (11.7 +/- 9.7) (P < 0.005). This study demonstrated MUC1 mucin expression on FDC for the first time. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, especially low-grade, shows immunologically active state, where FDC MUC1 expression may be suppressed by some factors released from lymphoma cells. Further study to elucidate the pathogenetic role of MUC1 in MALT lymphoma is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiaki Taki
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Japan
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29
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Tamada S, Goto M, Nomoto M, Nagata K, Shimizu T, Tanaka S, Sakoda K, Imai K, Yonezawa S. Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas: its relationship with tumor progression and prognosis. Pathol Int 2002; 52:713-23. [PMID: 12685548 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1827.2002.01414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Our previous immunohistochemical studies in the pancreas, intrahepatic bile duct, and ampulla of Vater demonstrated that an invasive carcinoma with a poor outcome showed a pattern of MUC1 (membrane-bound mucin) positive and MUC2 (intestinal-type secretory mucin) negative, whereas many of the non-invasive tumors with favorable outcome showed a pattern of MUC1 negative and MUC2 positive. The aim of this study is to compare the expression profiles of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas to gain insight into the relationship between the biological nature of the carcinomas and the role of mucins. We examined the expression profiles of MUC1 of different glycoforms and MUC2 in 60 extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas using immunohistochemistry.The expression of MUC1/CORE (core peptide of MUC1), MUC1/DF3 (core peptide of MUC1 with sialyl oligosaccharides) and MUC1/MY.1 E12 (sialylated MUC1) showed a significant relationship with tumor progression factors such as poor differentiation, deep invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion or perineural invasion. In contrast, the expression of MUC1/HMFG-1 (fully glycosylated MUC1) did not show a significant relationship with the tumor progression factors. In the different glycoforms of MUC1 examined, the expression of MUC1/DF3 and MUC1/MY.1E12 was related with the poor outcome of the patients. In contrast, the expression of MUC2 was inversely related with the tumor progression factors and poor outcome. In the 52 patients with advanced tumors, only MUC1/DF3 high expression correlated with poor prognosis. In conclusion, MUC1/DF3 was the most useful prognosis indicator among the various glycoforms of MUC1 mucins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Tamada
- Second Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Faculty of Medicine, Japan
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30
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Denda-Nagai K, Fujita K, Fujime M, Nakatsugawa S, Ishigaki T, Irimura T. Absence of correlation of MUC1 expression to malignant behavior of renal cell carcinoma in experimental systems. Clin Exp Metastasis 2001; 18:77-81. [PMID: 11206842 DOI: 10.1023/a:1026508402526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A correlation between MUC1 expression in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and the clinical stages was previously demonstrated. To assess whether MUC1 expression is causally related to malignant tumor behavior, MUC1 cDNA was stably transfected into a renal carcinoma cell line SN12C that expresses trace levels of MUC1. MUC1 with sialylated carbohydrate chains was detected on the surface of transfected cells in two independent experiments. There was no correlation between MUC1 expression and in vitro growth and motility. In vivo growth of the transfectants at the site of orthotopic transplantation in nude mice was slower than mock transfected cells. Therefore, MUC1 alone did not seem to confer a malignant phenotype to RCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Denda-Nagai
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tle University of Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Kang Y, Hirano K, Suzuki N, Enomoto A, Morita A, Irimura T, Sakai K. Increased expression after X-irradiation of MUC1 in cultured human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells. Jpn J Cancer Res 2000; 91:324-30. [PMID: 10760692 PMCID: PMC5926364 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2000.tb00948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of X-irradiation on production of MUC1 was studied with human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells. As evaluated by immunocytochemical staining, the percentages of MUC1-positive cells in cells at 4 days after 6 Gy irradiation and in unirradiated control cells were 52 +/- 3.5% (n = 6) and 26 +/- 2.8% (n = 6), respectively. Flow-cytometric analysis of living cells showed that MUC1 began to rise from day 1, reaching a plateau by day 4 after 6 Gy irradiation. Western blot analysis with monoclonal antibody MY.1E12 against glycosylated MUC1 (mature form) showed dose-dependent increases of two bands (500 and 390 kDa) corresponding to two polymorphic MUC1 alleles. Premature forms of MUC1 (350 and 240 kDa) were detectable with monoclonal antibody HMFG-2 only in irradiated cells, suggesting that new core protein synthesis had been induced. The transcriptional activity of the MUC1 gene was analyzed in terms of transient expression of MUC1-CAT reporter plasmids containing 5'-flanking sequences of the MUC1 gene fused to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene. The results of CAT assay indicate that enhanced expression of MUC1 in irradiated HT-29 cells was due to upregulation of MUC1 transcription, and required the upstream promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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32
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Higashi M, Yonezawa S, Ho JJ, Tanaka S, Irimura T, Kim YS, Sato E. Expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucin antigens in intrahepatic bile duct tumors: its relationship with a new morphological classification of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 1999; 30:1347-55. [PMID: 10573510 DOI: 10.1002/hep.510300609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our previous immunohistochemical study on intrahepatic bile duct tumors showed that invasive cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with a poor outcome expressed MUC1 mucin but was negative for MUC2 mucin, whereas bile duct cystadenocarcinoma (BDCC) with a favorable outcome was MUC1 negative and MUC2 positive. In the present study, ICC was further subdivided into 2 subtypes: intraductal growth type and/or periductal infiltrating type (ICC-IP) and mass forming type (ICC-M). The survival of patients with BDCC or ICC-IP is significantly better than that of patients with ICC-M. We examined these subtypes (ICC-IP and ICC-M) and BDCC for their expression of MUC1 mucins of different glycoforms. ICC-M showed significantly higher MUC1 expression rates (90%, 95%, and 85% positive rates as measured with the DF3, MY.1E12, and MUC1-Glycoprotein antibodies, respectively) than BDCC and ICC-IP (14% and 33%, 58% and 58%, and 0% and 50% positive respectively, as measured by the same antibodies). In contrast, BDCC (86% positive) and ICC-IP (67% positive) showed significantly higher MUC2 expression rates than ICC-M (25% positive) as measured with the anti-MRP antibody. Thus, the immunohistochemical staining pattern of ICC-IP resembled the pattern of BDCC more than they resembled ICC-M. In general, MUC1 expression is associated with poor patient outcome, irrespective of the glycosylation status. In particular, high expression of more sialylated forms of MUC1 mucins was correlated with poor survival. In contrast, expression of non-sialylated MUC2 mucin is a favorable prognostic indicator. These results suggest that ICC-IP is a different entity from ICC-M. This reclassification may have value in determining prognosis and treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Higashi
- Second Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Aono S, Nakagawa S, Reynolds AB, Takeichi M. p120(ctn) acts as an inhibitory regulator of cadherin function in colon carcinoma cells. J Cell Biol 1999; 145:551-62. [PMID: 10225956 PMCID: PMC2185070 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.145.3.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
p120(ctn) binds to the cytoplasmic domain of cadherins but its role is poorly understood. Colo 205 cells grow as dispersed cells despite their normal expression of E-cadherin and catenins. However, in these cells we can induce typical E-cadherin-dependent aggregation by treatment with staurosporine or trypsin. These treatments concomitantly induce an electrophoretic mobility shift of p120(ctn) to a faster position. To investigate whether p120(ctn) plays a role in this cadherin reactivation process, we transfected Colo 205 cells with a series of p120(ctn) deletion constructs. Notably, expression of NH2-terminally deleted p120(ctn) induced aggregation. Similar effects were observed when these constructs were introduced into HT-29 cells. When a mutant N-cadherin lacking the p120(ctn)-binding site was introduced into Colo 205 cells, this molecule also induced cell aggregation, indicating that cadherins can function normally if they do not bind to p120(ctn). These findings suggest that in Colo 205 cells, a signaling mechanism exists to modify a biochemical state of p120(ctn) and the modified p120(ctn) blocks the cadherin system. The NH2 terminus-deleted p120(ctn) appears to compete with the endogenous p120(ctn) to abolish the adhesion-blocking action.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Aono
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Fujita K, Denda K, Yamamoto M, Matsumoto T, Fujime M, Irimura T. Expression of MUC1 mucins inversely correlated with post-surgical survival of renal cell carcinoma patients. Br J Cancer 1999; 80:301-8. [PMID: 10390012 PMCID: PMC2363005 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical specimens of the normal kidney and of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues at different stages of progression and of various histological grades were examined for the expression of MUC1 mucins with sialylated carbohydrates (sialylated MUC1 mucins) using a monoclonal antibody MY.1E12. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the binding sites for this antibody were localized to the apical side of the epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules, Henle's loops and collecting ducts. However, proximal convoluted tubules, where RCC is considered to originate, were not stained. This antibody also bound strongly to RCC at advanced stages of progression and at metastatic sites, and to RCC of histologically high grades (undifferentiated). The epitope, presumably sialylated MUC1 mucin, was detected not only along the surface of the cell membranes but also in the cytoplasm. The level of expression of sialylated MUC1 mucins was inversely correlated with the survival of the patients with RCC and the disease-free survival period after curative surgery. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the electrophoretic mobility of sialylated MUC1 mucins of RCC was greater than that from the normal kidney. It is suggested that high levels of expression of sialylated MUC1 mucins in certain human RCC populations correlate with the aggressiveness of the disease, such as the tendency to form metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fujita
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Ito S, Muguruma N, Hayashi S, Taoka S, Bando T, Inayama K, Sogabe M, Okahisa T, Okamura S, Shibata H, Irimura T, Takesako K, Shibamura S. Development of agents for reinforcement of fluorescence on near-infrared ray excitation for immunohistological staining. Bioorg Med Chem 1998; 6:613-8. [PMID: 9629475 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(98)00023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence intensity of indocyanine green (ICG) derivative (ICG-sulfo-OSu) was too low for its use to detect microlesions. Therefore, we examined the effects of reinforcement agents on ICG-sulfo-OSu labeled antibodies. Solutions of distearoylphosphatic acid sodium salt (DSPA) and octylglucoside (OG) in physiological phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were found to increase the intensity of fluorescence of ICG-sulfo-OSu labeled antibodies, with shift in the fluorescence peak wavelength from 804 to 821 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ito
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, Japan.
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36
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Yonezawa S, Taira M, Osako M, Kubo M, Tanaka S, Sakoda K, Takao S, Aiko T, Yamamoto M, Irimura T, Kim YS, Sato E. MUC-1 mucin expression in invasive areas of intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas. Pathol Int 1998; 48:319-22. [PMID: 9648163 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1998.tb03913.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The expression of MUC-1 mucin (membrane-associated mucin) and MUC-2 mucin (secretory mucin) were immunohistochemically examined in 46 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) and 16 intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMT) of the pancreas. Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors usually reveal expansive growth. However, of the 16 IPMT examined in the present study, three showed an invasive growth pattern, which was similar to 'mucinous carcinoma', around the non-invasive growth areas. Of 46 IDC, MUC-1 mucin detected by monoclonal antibodies, DF3 and MY.1E12, was expressed in 44 cases (96%) and in 45 cases (98%), respectively, whereas MUC-2 mucin detected by polyclonal antibody, anti-MRP, was not expressed in any of the cases (0%). In contrast, in the non-invasive growth areas of the 16 IPMT, MUC-1 mucin detected by DF3 and MY.1E12 was expressed in four cases (25%) and in six cases (38%), respectively, whereas MUC-2 mucin detected by anti-MRP was expressed in 13 cases (81%). The invasive growth areas of the three IPMT showed positive expression of MUC-1 mucins detected by DF3 and MY.1E12, although the non-invasive growth areas showed negative expression of MUC-1 mucins, except for their focal positive expression in one of the three cases. These findings indicate that the invasive growth areas of IPMT acquire a characteristic of MUC-1 mucin expression that is usually seen in IDC.
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37
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Yonezawa S, Sato E. Expression of mucin antigens in human cancers and its relationship with malignancy potential. Pathol Int 1997; 47:813-30. [PMID: 9503463 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1997.tb03713.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mucins are high molecular weight glycoproteins having oligosaccharides attached to the apomucin protein backbone by O-glycosidic linkages. Biochemical studies on the structures and the organ specificities of several mucin core proteins (MUC1-MUC7) have been reported during the past several years. In the present study of pancreas and intrahepatic bile duct tumors, MUC1 mucin (membrane bound mucin detected by monoclonal antibody, DF3) was highly expressed in invasive ductal carcinomas of the pancreas (IDC) and invasive cholangiocarcinomas of the liver (ICC), which show invasive growth and a poor prognosis, but it was rarely expressed in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas (IPMT) and bile duct cystadenocarcinomas of the liver (BDCC), which show a favorable prognosis. In contrast, MUC2 mucin (intestinal type secretory mucin detected by polyclonal antibody, anti-MRP) was rarely expressed in IDC and ICC, whereas it was highly expressed in IPMT and BDCC. The results suggest that the differences in the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins are a useful prognostic indicator of malignancy potential in the neoplasms of the pancreas and intrahepatic bile duct. Moreover, the expression of MUC1 and MUC2 mucins was a useful indicator of the malignancy potential of tumors derived from other organs, such as the ampulla of Vater, stomach and breast. In another study on the expression of several MUC1 mucin antigens with different patterns of glycosylation, sialylated-MUC1 mucin detected by monoclonal antibody, MY.1E12, was found to be expressed in all the invasive carcinomas (IDC and ICC) but was not frequently seen in the non-invasive type tumors (IPMT and BDCC), although the other types of MUC1 mucins did not show such contrast between the invasive and non-invasive type tumors. The results suggest that sialylation of MUC1 mucin is associated with invasive growth of neoplasms. In contrast, our study of the expression of MUC2 mRNA (transcript of intestinal type mucin) and MUC5AC mRNA (transcript of gastric type mucin) by in situ hybridization in the tumors of the pancreas and intrahepatic bile duct found that the non-invasive type tumors (IPMT and BDCC) synthesize MUC2 mRNA and MUC5AC mRNA, whereas most of the invasive carcinomas (IDC and ICC) do not. Furthermore, patients positive for MUC2 mRNA or MUC5AC mRNA expression in the tumors showed significantly better survival than the patients with no expression. The production of MUC2 or MUC5AC, an abundant extracellular intestinal or gastric type secretory mucin with high viscosity may be correlated, by a majority of the non-invasive type tumors, with the expansive growth of the tumors that display lower levels of invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yonezawa
- Second Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Maeshima A, Miyagi A, Hirai T, Nakajima T. Mucin-producing adenocarcinoma of the lung, with special reference to goblet cell type adenocarcinoma: immunohistochemical observation and Ki-ras gene mutation. Pathol Int 1997; 47:454-60. [PMID: 9234384 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1997.tb04524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To clarify its biological nature, 10 samples of goblet cell-type adenocarcinoma of the lung were collected and compared with 10 other pulmonary mucin-producing adenocarcinomas with respect to immunohistochemical features and the presence of Ki-ras gene mutation in codons 12 and 13. Goblet cell-type adenocarcinomas lacked immunoreactivity for surfactant apoprotein and S-100 protein-positive Langerhans cells, which was in marked contrast to other mucin-producing adenocarcinomas. In addition, the mucin gene products, MUC-1 and MUC-2 glycoproteins were immunohistochemically stained. The results showed that MUC-1 glycoprotein is frequently expressed by mucin-producing adenocarcinomas except the goblet cell-type. Ki-ras gene mutation was detected in 12 of 20 (60%) mucin-producing adenocarcinomas. These mutations were exclusively found in codon 12 and G to A transitions were the most frequent type of alteration in the Ki-ras gene. In goblet cell-type adenocarcinomas, the frequency of Ki-ras gene mutation was 80% consisting of G to A transitions and G to T transversions in six and two tumors, respectively. Therefore, goblet cell-type adenocarcinomas differed from other mucin-producing adenocarcinomas in terms of immunohistochemical and molecular biological features, suggesting that goblet cell-type adenocarcinomas are distinctly different from other subtypes of adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maeshima
- Second Department of Pathology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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