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Masuda M, Horinaka M, Yasuda S, Morita M, Nishimoto E, Ishikawa H, Mutoh M, Sakai T. Discovery of cancer-preventive juices reactivating RB functions. Environ Health Prev Med 2023; 28:54. [PMID: 37743524 PMCID: PMC10519803 DOI: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances have been achieved in the genetic diagnosis and therapies against malignancies due to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis. Since active preventive methods are currently insufficient, the further development of appropriate preventive strategies is desired. METHODS We searched for drinks that reactivate the functions of tumor-suppressor retinoblastoma gene (RB) products and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. We also examined whether lactic acid bacteria increased the production of the cancer-specific anti-tumor cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), in human, and examined whether the RB-reactivating drinks with lactic acid bacteria decreased azoxymethane-induced rat colon aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and aberrant crypts (ACs) in vivo. RESULTS Kakadu plum juice and pomegranate juice reactivated RB functions, which inhibited the growth of human colon cancer LIM1215 cells by G1 phase arrest. These juices also exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Lactiplantibacillus (L.) pentosus S-PT84 was administered to human volunteers and increased the production of TRAIL. In an in vivo study, Kakadu plum juice with or without pomegranate juice and S-PT84 significantly decreased azoxymethane-induced rat colon ACF and ACs. CONCLUSIONS RB is one of the most important molecules suppressing carcinogenesis, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that natural drinks reactivated the functions of RB. As expected, Kakadu plum juice and pomegranate juice suppressed the growth of LIM1215 cells by reactivating the functions of RB, and Kakadu plum juice with or without pomegranate juice and S-PT84 inhibited rat colon ACF and ACs. Therefore, this mixed juice has potential as a novel candidate for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuharu Masuda
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Mano Horinaka
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Shusuke Yasuda
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Mie Morita
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Emi Nishimoto
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Hideki Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Michihiro Mutoh
- Department of Molecular-Targeting Prevention, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
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Zhou H, Yang Y, Wang L, Ye S, Liu J, Gong P, Qian Y, Zeng H, Chen X. Integrated multi-omic data reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of the nutrition and flavor in Liancheng white duck meat. Front Genet 2022; 13:939585. [PMID: 36046229 PMCID: PMC9421069 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.939585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The Liancheng white (LW) duck is one of the most valued Chinese indigenous poultry breeds. Its meat is rich in nutrients and has distinct flavors, but the molecular mechanisms behind them are unknown. To address this issue, we measured and compared multi-omic data (genome, transcriptome, and metabolome) of breast meat from LW ducks and the Mianyang Shelduck (MS) ducks. We found that the LW duck has distinct breed-specific genetic features, including numerous mutant genes with differential expressions associated with amino acid metabolism and transport activities. The metabolome driven by genetic materials was also seen to differ between the two breeds. For example, several amino acids that are beneficial for human health, such as L-Arginine, L-Ornithine, and L-lysine, were found in considerably higher concentrations in LW muscle than in MS duck muscle (p < 0.05). SLC7A6, a mutant gene, was substantially upregulated in the LW group (p < 0.05), which may lead to excessive L-arginine and L-ornithine accumulation in LW duck meat through transport regulation. Further, guanosine monophosphate (GMP), an umami-tasting molecule, was considerably higher in LW muscle (p < 0.05), while L-Aspartic acid was significantly abundant in MS duck meat (p < 0.05), showing that the LW duck has a different umami formation. Overall, this study contributed to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving the enriched nutrients and distinct umami of LW duck meat, which will provide a useful reference for duck breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengqiang Ye
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunguo Qian
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Huijun Zeng
- Wuhan Institute for Food and Cosmetic Control, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Edible Oil Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Huijun Zeng, ; Xing Chen,
| | - Xing Chen
- Insitute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Huijun Zeng, ; Xing Chen,
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“RB-reactivator screening” as a novel cell-based assay for discoveries of molecular targeting agents including the first-in-class MEK inhibitor trametinib (trade name: Mekinist). Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Vynnytska-Myronovska B, Bobak Y, Garbe Y, Dittfeld C, Stasyk O, Kunz-Schughart LA. Single amino acid arginine starvation efficiently sensitizes cancer cells to canavanine treatment and irradiation. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:2164-75. [PMID: 21647872 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Single amino acid arginine deprivation is a promising strategy in modern metabolic anticancer therapy. Its potency to inhibit tumor growth warrants the search for rational chemo- and radio-therapeutic approaches to be co-applied. In this report, we evaluated, for the first time, the efficacy of arginine deprivation as anticancer therapy in three-dimensional (3D) cultures of human tumor cells, and propose a new combinatorial metabolic-chemo-radio-treatment regime based on arginine starvation, low doses of arginine natural analog canavanine and irradiation. A sophisticated experimental setup was designed to evaluate the impact of arginine starvation on four human epithelial cancer cell lines in 2D monolayer and 3D spheroid culture. Radioresponse was assessed in colony formation assays and by monitoring spheroid regrowth probability following single dose irradiation using a standardized spheroid-based test platform. Surviving fraction at 2 Gy (SF(2Gy)) and spheroid control dose(50) (SCD(50) ) were calculated as analytical endpoints. Cancer cells in spheroids are much more resistant to arginine starvation than in 2D culture. Spheroid volume stagnated during arginine deprivation, but even after 10 days of starvation, 100% of the spheroids regrew. Combination treatment, however, was remarkably efficient. In particular, pretreatment of cancer cells with the arginine-degrading enzyme arginase combined with or without low concentration of canavanine substantially enhanced cell radioresponse reflected by a loss in spheroid regrowth probability and SCD(50) values reduced by a factor of 1.5-3. Our data strongly suggest that arginine withdrawal alone or in combination with canavanine is a promising antitumor strategy with potential to enhance cancer cure by irradiation.
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Bence AK, Crooks PA. The Mechanism of l-Canavanine Cytotoxicity: Arginyl tRNA Synthetase as a Novel Target for Anticancer Drug Discovery. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 18:383-94. [PMID: 14692504 DOI: 10.1080/1475636031000152277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a clear need for agents with novel mechanisms of action to provide new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Owing to its structural similarity to L-arginine, L-canavanine, the beta-oxa-analog of L-arginine, is a substrate for arginyl tRNA synthetase and is incorporated into nascent proteins in place of L-arginine. Although L-arginine and L-canavanine are structurally similar, the oxyguanidino group of L-canavanine is significantly less basic than the guanidino group of L-arginine. Consequently, L-canavanyl proteins lack the capacity to form crucial ionic interactions, resulting in altered protein structure and function, which leads to cellular death. Since L-canavanine is selectively sequestered by the pancreas, it may be especially useful as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. This novel mechanism of cytotoxicity forms the basis for the anticancer activity of L-canavanine and thus, arginyl tRNA synthetase may represent a novel target for the development of such therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee K Bence
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 800 Rose Street, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0082, USA
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Jun DY, Rue SW, Han KH, Taub D, Lee YS, Bae YS, Kim YH. Mechanism underlying cytotoxicity of thialysine, lysine analog, toward human acute leukemia Jurkat T cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 66:2291-300. [PMID: 14637187 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2003.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We first report the mechanism for the inhibitory effect of the lysine analog, thialysine on human acute leukemia Jurkat T cells. When Jurkat T cells were treated with thialysine (0.32-2.5 mM), apoptotic cell death along with several biochemical events such as mitochondrial cytochrome c release, caspase-9 activation, caspase-3 activation, degradation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and DNA fragmentation was induced in a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, these thialysine-induced apoptotic events were significantly abrogated by an ectopic expression of Bcl-xL, which is known to block mitochondrial cytochrome c release. Decylubiquinone, a mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor, also suppressed thialysine-induced apoptotic events. Comparison of the thialysine-induced alterations in the cell cycle distribution between Jurkat T cells transfected with Bcl-xL gene (J/Bcl-xL) and Jurkat T cells transfected with vector (J/Neo) revealed that the apoptotic cells were mainly derived from the cells accumulated in S and G2/M phases following thialysine treatment. The interruption of cell cycle progression in the presence of thialysine was accompanied by a significant decline in the protein level of cdk4, cdk6, cdc2, cyclin A, cyclin B1, and cyclin E. These results demonstrate that the cytotoxic activity of thialysine toward Jurkat T cells is attributable to not only apoptotic cell death mediated by a mitochondria-dependent death signaling pathway, but also interruption of cell cycle progression by a massive down-regulation in the level of cdks and cyclins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Youn Jun
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, 702-701 Taegu, South Korea
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Bence AK, Adams VR, Crooks PA. L-Canavanine as a radiosensitization agent for human pancreatic cancer cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2003; 244:37-43. [PMID: 12701807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the in vitro effect of L-canavanine on cell cycle progression in the two human pancreatic cancer cells lines PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2. After 72 h of exposure to L-canavanine, the percentage of cells in the radiosensitive G2/M phase of the cell cycle increased 6-fold in PANC-1 cells and 4-fold in MIA PaCa-2 cells, when compared to untreated cells. The capacity of L-canavanine to redistribute cells into the G2/M phase of the cell cycle was both concentration- and time-dependent. Since many drugs that cause cells to accumulate in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle are effective radiosensitization agents, the potential of L-canavanine to synergistically enhance the effects of ionizing radiation also was evaluated. The interaction between these treatment modalities was quantified using the median-effect equation and combination index analysis. L-Canavanine was found to be synergistic with radiation when either PANC-1 or MIA PaCa-2 cells were exposed to L-canavanine for 72 h prior to irradiation. These results suggest that L-canavanine in combination with radiation may have clinical potential in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee K Bence
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Jang MH, Jun DY, Rue SW, Han KH, Park W, Kim YH. Arginine antimetabolite L-canavanine induces apoptotic cell death in human Jurkat T cells via caspase-3 activation regulated by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 295:283-8. [PMID: 12150944 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00650-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
L-Canavanine, a natural L-arginine analog, is known to possess cytotoxicity to tumor cells in culture and experimental tumors in vivo. In this study, we first show that apoptotic cell death is associated with antitumor activity of L-canavanine against human acute leukemia Jurkat T cells. When Jurkat T cells were treated with 1.25-5.0mM L-canavanine for 36 h, apoptotic cell death accompanying several biochemical events such as caspase-3 activation, degradation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and apoptotic DNA fragmentation was induced in a dose-dependent manner; however, cytochrome c release from mitochondria was not detected. Under these conditions, the expression of Bcl-2 and its functional homolog Bcl-xL was markedly upregulated. The L-canavanine-induced caspase-3 activation, degradation of PARP, and apoptotic DNA fragmentation were suppressed by ectopic expression of Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL, both of which are known to play roles as anti-apoptotic regulators. These results demonstrate that the cytotoxic effect of L-canavanine on Jurkat T cells is attributable to the induced apoptosis and that L-canavanine-induced apoptosis is mediated by a cytochrome c-independent caspase-3 activation pathway that can be interrupted by Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Ho Jang
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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