1
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Luo Y, Liu Z, Hu X. ceRNA Network and WGCNA Analyses of Differentially Expressed Genes in Cervical Cancer Tissues for Association with Survival of Patients. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:2523-2533. [PMID: 38467964 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The study aims to search and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in cervical cancer tissues as novel biomarkers to predict cervical cancer prognosis. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data on gene expression profiles in cervical cancer were downloaded and analyzed using R software to identify DEGs in cervical cancer tissues. miRNAs targeted by differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs targeted by microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified using the online miRcode, miRTarBase, TargetScan, and miRDB tools. The ceRNA network and lncRNA expression modules in cervical cancer tissues were constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and analyzed bioinformatically. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to confirm these DEGs as prognostic markers. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was used to verify expression of the hub genes in 10 paired cervical cancer and normal tissues. A total of 1914 DEmRNAs, 210 DElncRNAs, and 67 DEmiRNAs were identified in cervical cancer samples. There were 39 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs, and 87 mRNAs involved in the ceRNA network and 25 DElncRNAs, three DEmiRNAs, and four mRNAs involved in the ceRNA sub-network. CACNA1C-AS1 was associated with the yellow and blue modules in the ceRNA sub-network, and LIFR-AS1 was associated with the blue module. The DEmRNAs were involved in cancer-related pathways, and three hub genes (i.e., E2F1, CCNB1, and CCNE1) were highly expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with the prognosis of patients. The ceRNA network and WGCNA analyses are useful to identify novel DEGs that can serve as prognostic markers in cervical cancer. The DEGs will be validated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjin Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Nanning Second People's Hospital, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hu
- Department of Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Kang J, Jung H, Kim H. Prognostic value of cyclin B1 and cyclin B2 expression in breast cancer: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37016. [PMID: 38241547 PMCID: PMC10798710 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin B1 and cyclin B2 are key regulators of cell cycle progression and have been implicated in the prognostic significance of various cancers. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of cyclin B1 and B2 expression in breast cancer. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Pubmed, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane library. Studies with survival data and clinicopathological parameters associated with cyclin B1 and B2 or CCNB1 and CCNB2 genes were included. Survival data and clinicopathological parameters associated with cyclin B1 and B2 expression were extracted. Pooled hazard ratios and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Subgroup analysis was conducted to assess heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated. RESULTS A total of 23 studies were included in the analysis. High expression of cyclin B1 was significantly associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.69, P < .01), disease-specific survival (HR = 1.71, P < .01), and disease-free survival (HR = 2.01, P = .01). High expression of cyclin B2 was associated with worse disease-specific survival (HR = 2.46, P = .02). Clinicopathological parameters did not show significant associations with cyclin B1 and B2 expressions. When data on cyclin B1 and B2 were combined, a significant age-related difference was found (odds ratio = 0.62, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides evidence supporting the prognostic significance of cyclin B1 and B2 expression in breast cancer. High expression of cyclin B1 and B2 is associated with worse survival, indicating their potential as prognostic markers in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongwan Kang
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hera Jung
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Xiao B, Xiang Q, Deng Z, Chen D, Wu S, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Wei S, Luo G, Li L. KCNN1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer via ERLIN2-mediated stabilization and K63-dependent ubiquitination of Cyclin B1. Carcinogenesis 2023; 44:809-823. [PMID: 37831636 PMCID: PMC10818095 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N1 (KCNN1), an integral membrane protein, is thought to regulate neuronal excitability by contributing to the slow component of synaptic after hyperpolarization. However, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis has been rarely reported, and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that KCNN1 functions as an oncogene in promoting breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. KCNN1 was overexpressed in breast cancer tissues and cells. The pro-proliferative and pro-metastatic effects of KCNN1 were demonstrated by CCK8, clone formation, Edu assay, wound healing assay and transwell experiments. Transcriptomic analysis using KCNN1 overexpressing cells revealed that KCNN1 could regulate key signaling pathways affecting the survival of breast cancer cells. KCNN1 interacts with ERLIN2 and enhances the effect of ERLIN2 on Cyclin B1 stability. Overexpression of KCNN1 promoted the protein expression of Cyclin B1, enhanced its stability and promoted its K63 dependent ubiquitination, while knockdown of KCNN1 had the opposite effects on Cyclin B1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLNI2 partially restored Cyclin B1 stability and K63 dependent ubiquitination induced by overexpression (or knockdown) of KCNN1. Knockdown (or overexpression) ERLIN2 also partially neutralizes the effects of overexpression (or knockdown) KCNN1-induced breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In paired breast cancer clinical samples, we found a positive expression correlations between KCNN1 and ERLIN2, KCNN1 and Cyclin B1, as well as ERLIN2 and Cyclin B1. In conclusion, this study reveals, for the first time, the role of KCNN1 in tumorigenesis and emphasizes the importance of KCNN1/ERLIN2/Cyclin B1 axis in the development and metastasis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Zihua Deng
- Department of General Surgery Section 5, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Daxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Shunhong Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Yanxia Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Yaru Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
| | - Shi Wei
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Luo
- Department of General Surgery Section 5, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, China
| | - Linhai Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong 511518, China
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Zhou M, Ma Y, Chiang CC, Rock EC, Butler SC, Anne R, Yatsenko S, Gong Y, Chen YC. Single-cell morphological and transcriptome analysis unveil inhibitors of polyploid giant breast cancer cells in vitro. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1301. [PMID: 38129519 PMCID: PMC10739852 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05674-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that breast cancer therapeutic resistance and relapse can be driven by polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs). The number of PGCCs increases with the stages of disease and therapeutic stress. Given the importance of PGCCs, it remains challenging to eradicate them. To discover effective anti-PGCC compounds, there is an unmet need to rapidly distinguish compounds that kill non-PGCCs, PGCCs, or both. Here, we establish a single-cell morphological analysis pipeline with a high throughput and great precision to characterize dynamics of individual cells. In this manner, we screen a library to identify promising compounds that inhibit all cancer cells or only PGCCs (e.g., regulators of HDAC, proteasome, and ferroptosis). Additionally, we perform scRNA-Seq to reveal altered cell cycle, metabolism, and ferroptosis sensitivity in breast PGCCs. The combination of single-cell morphological and molecular investigation reveals promising anti-PGCC strategies for breast cancer treatment and other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Zhou
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yushu Ma
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Chun-Cheng Chiang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Edwin C Rock
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Samuel Charles Butler
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Rajiv Anne
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Svetlana Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Magee Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yinan Gong
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA.
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
- CMU-Pitt Ph.D. Program in Computational Biology, University of Pittsburgh, 3420 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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Lephatsi MM, Choene MS, Kappo AP, Madala NE, Tugizimana F. An Integrated Molecular Networking and Docking Approach to Characterize the Metabolome of Helichrysum splendidum and Its Pharmaceutical Potentials. Metabolites 2023; 13:1104. [PMID: 37887429 PMCID: PMC10609414 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13101104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
South Africa is rich in diverse medicinal plants, and it is reported to have over 35% of the global Helichrysum species, many of which are utilized in traditional medicine. Various phytochemical studies have offered valuable insights into the chemistry of Helichrysum plants, hinting at bioactive components that define the medicinal properties of the plant. However, there are still knowledge gaps regarding the size and diversity of the Helichrysum chemical space. As such, continuous efforts are needed to comprehensively characterize the phytochemistry of Helichrysum, which will subsequently contribute to the discovery and exploration of Helichrysum-derived natural products for drug discovery. Thus, reported herein is a computational metabolomics work to comprehensively characterize the metabolic landscape of the medicinal herb Helichrysum splendidum, which is less studied. Metabolites were methanol-extracted and analyzed on a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. Spectral data were mined using molecular networking (MN) strategies. The results revealed that the metabolic map of H. splendidum is chemically diverse, with chemical superclasses that include organic polymers, benzenoids, lipid and lipid-like molecules, alkaloids, and derivatives, phenylpropanoids and polyketides. These results point to a vastly rich chemistry with potential bioactivities, and the latter was demonstrated through computationally assessing the binding of selected metabolites with CDK-2 and CCNB1 anti-cancer targets. Molecular docking results showed that flavonoids (luteolin, dihydroquercetin, and isorhamnetin) and terpenoids (tiliroside and silybin) interact strongly with the CDK-2 and CCNB1 targets. Thus, this work suggests that these flavonoid and terpenoid compounds from H. splendidum are potentially anti-cancer agents through their ability to interact with these proteins involved in cancer pathways and progression. As such, these actionable insights are a necessary step for further exploration and translational studies for H. splendidum-derived compounds for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motseoa Mariam Lephatsi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (M.M.L.); (M.S.C.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Mpho Susan Choene
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (M.M.L.); (M.S.C.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (M.M.L.); (M.S.C.); (A.P.K.)
| | - Ntakadzeni Edwin Madala
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa;
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (M.M.L.); (M.S.C.); (A.P.K.)
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Bryanston, Johannesburg 2021, South Africa
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Zabihi M, Lotfi R, Yousefi AM, Bashash D. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases: from biology to tumorigenesis and therapeutic opportunities. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:1585-1606. [PMID: 35781526 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The discussion on cell proliferation cannot be continued without taking a look at the cell cycle regulatory machinery. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), cyclins, and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) are valuable members of this system and their equilibrium guarantees the proper progression of the cell cycle. As expected, any dysregulation in the expression or function of these components can provide a platform for excessive cell proliferation leading to tumorigenesis. The high frequency of CDK abnormalities in human cancers, together with their druggable structure has raised the possibility that perhaps designing a series of inhibitors targeting CDKs might be advantageous for restricting the survival of tumor cells; however, their application has faced a serious concern, since these groups of serine-threonine kinases possess non-canonical functions as well. In the present review, we aimed to take a look at the biology of CDKs and then magnify their contribution to tumorigenesis. Then, by arguing the bright and dark aspects of CDK inhibition in the treatment of human cancers, we intend to reach a consensus on the application of these inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Zabihi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Tohid Hospital, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amir-Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Bashash
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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7
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Tsai TH, Lieu AS, Huang TY, Kwan AL, Lin CL, Hsu YC. Induction of Mitosis Delay and Apoptosis by CDDO-TFEA in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:756228. [PMID: 34858180 PMCID: PMC8630575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.756228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the vicious malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite advances multi-disciplinary treatment, GBM constinues to have a poor overall survival. CDDO-trifluoroethyl-amide (CDDO-TEFA), a trifluoroethylamidederivative of CDDO, is an Nrf2/ARE pathway activator. CDDO-TEFEA is used to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in glioma cells. However, it not clear what effect it may have on tumorigenesis in GBM. Methods: This in vitro study evaluated the effects of CDDO-TFEA on GBM cells. To do this, we treated GBM8401 cell lines with CDDO-TFEA and assessed apoptosis, cell cycle. DNA content and induction of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and protein expression by Western blot analysis. Results: CDDO-TFEA significantly inhibited the cell viability and induced cell apoptosis on GBM 8401 cell line. The annexin-FITC/PI assay revealed significant changes in the percentage of apoptotic cells. Treatment with CDDO-TFEA led to a significant reduction in the GBM8401 cells' mitochondrial membrane potential. A significant rise in the percentage of caspase-3 activity was detected in the treated cells. In addition, treatment with CDDO-TFEA led to an accumulation of G2/M-phase cells. In addition, these results suggest that regarding increased protein synthesis during mitosis in the MPM-2 staining, indicative of a delay in the G2 checkpoint. An analysis of Cyclin B1, CDK1, Cyclin B1/CDK1 complex and CHK1 and CHK2 expression suggested that cell cycle progression seems also to be regulated by CDDO-TFEA. Therefore, CDDO-TFEA may not only induce cell cycle G2/M arrest, it may also exert apoptosis in established GBM cells. Conclusion: CDDO-TFEA can inhibit proliferation, cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis in GBM cells in vitro, possibly though its inhibition of Cyclin B1, CDK1 expression, and Cyclin B1/CDK1 association and the promotion of CHK1 and CHK2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hsin Tsai
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institutes of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Shung Lieu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institutes of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzuu-Yuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institutes of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lung Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institutes of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiang Hsu
- School of Medicine, I‐Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Qiang R, Zhao Z, Tang L, Wang Q, Wang Y, Huang Q. Identification of 5 Hub Genes Related to the Early Diagnosis, Tumour Stage, and Poor Outcomes of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9991255. [PMID: 34603487 PMCID: PMC8483908 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9991255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of primary liver cancers in adults worldwide are hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs, or hepatomas). Thus, a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms for the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of HCC at the molecular level could facilitate the development of novel early diagnostic and therapeutic treatments to improve the approaches and prognosis for HCC patients. Our study elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms of HBV-HCC development and progression and identifies important genes related to the early diagnosis, tumour stage, and poor outcomes of HCC. METHODS GSE55092 and GSE121248 gene expression profiling data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. There were 119 HCC samples and 128 nontumour tissue samples. GEO2R was used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Volcano plots and Venn diagrams were drawn by using the ggplot2 package in R. A heat map was generated by using Heatmapper. By using the clusterProfiler R package, KEGG and GO enrichment analyses of DEGs were conducted. Through PPI network construction using the STRING database, key hub genes were identified by cytoHubba. Finally, KM survival curves and ROC curves were generated to validate hub gene expression. RESULTS By GO enrichment analysis, 694 DEGs were enriched in the following GO terms: organic acid catabolic process, carboxylic acid catabolic process, carboxylic acid biosynthetic process, collagen-containing extracellular matrix, blood microparticle, condensed chromosome kinetochore, arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity, arachidonic acid monooxygenase activity, and monooxygenase activity. In the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, DEGs were enriched in arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity, arachidonic acid monooxygenase activity, and monooxygenase activity. By PPI network construction and analysis of hub genes, we selected the top 10 genes, including CDK1, CCNB2, CDC20, BUB1, BUB1B, CCNB1, NDC80, CENPF, MAD2L1, and NUF2. By using TCGA and THPA databases, we found five genes, CDK1, CDC20, CCNB1, CENPF, and MAD2L1, that were related to the early diagnosis, tumour stage, and poor outcomes of HBV-HCC. CONCLUSIONS Five abnormally expressed hub genes of HBV-HCC are informative for early diagnosis, tumour stage determination, and poor outcome prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Second People's Hospital, Kunming, 650000 Yunnan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Business Management, Kunming, 650000 Yunnan, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Department of Second Internal Medicine, Chongming Branch of Yueyang Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongming, 202150 Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Xinhua Hospital Chongming Branch Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 25 Nanmen Road, Chengqiao Town, Chongming District, 200000 Shanghai, China
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9
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Song JL, Zhang GL. Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone: Different Mycotoxins with Different Toxic Effects in the Sertoli Cells of Equus asinus. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081898. [PMID: 34440667 PMCID: PMC8394322 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA) are type B trichothecene mycotoxins that exert serious toxic effects on the reproduction of domestic animals. However, there is little information about the toxicity of mycotoxins on testis development in Equus asinus. This study investigated the biological effects of DON and ZEA exposure on Sertoli cells (SCs) of Equus asinus; (2) Methods: We administered 10 μM and 30 μM DON and ZEA to cells cultured in vitro; (3) Results: The results showed that 10 μM DON exposure remarkably changed pyroptosis-associated genes and that 30 μM ZEA exposure changed inflammation-associated genes in SCs. The mRNA expression of cancer-promoting genes was remarkably upregulated in the cells exposed to DON or 30 μM ZEA; in particular, DON and ZEA remarkably disturbed the expression of androgen and oestrogen secretion-related genes. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses verified the different expression patterns of related genes in DON- and ZEA-exposed SCs; (4) Conclusions: Collectively, these results illustrated the impact of exposure to different toxins and concrete toxicity on the mRNA expression of SCs from Equus asinus in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Lin Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
- Central Laboratory, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
- Correspondence:
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10
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Suski JM, Braun M, Strmiska V, Sicinski P. Targeting cell-cycle machinery in cancer. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:759-778. [PMID: 33891890 PMCID: PMC8206013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal activity of the core cell-cycle machinery is seen in essentially all tumor types and represents a driving force of tumorigenesis. Recent studies revealed that cell-cycle proteins regulate a wide range of cellular functions, in addition to promoting cell division. With the clinical success of CDK4/6 inhibitors, it is becoming increasingly clear that targeting individual cell-cycle components may represent an effective anti-cancer strategy. Here, we discuss the potential of inhibiting different cell-cycle proteins for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Suski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcin Braun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Chair of Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Vladislav Strmiska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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Yang M, Hu C, Cao Y, Liang W, Yang X, Xiao T. Ursolic Acid Regulates Cell Cycle and Proliferation in Colon Adenocarcinoma by Suppressing Cyclin B1. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:622212. [PMID: 33628185 PMCID: PMC7898669 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.622212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The biological functions of cyclin B1 (CCNB1) in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) will be explored in this study. Furthermore, the therapeutic effects and potential molecular mechanisms of ursolic acid (UA) in COAD cells will also be investigated in vitro. Methods: COAD data were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined with differential analysis. The biological functions of CCNB1 were analyzed through the GeneCards, the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING), and the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) databases. Therapeutic effects of UA on COAD cell lines HCT-116 and SW-480 were analyzed by CCK-8 and high-content screening (HCS) imaging assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect cell cycle changes of SW-480 and HCT-116 cells. Levels of mRNA and expression proteins of HCT-116, SW-480, and normal colon epithelial cells NCM-460 were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. Results: CCNB1 was highly expressed and acted as an oncogene in COAD patients. CCNB1 and its interacting genes were significantly enriched in the cell cycle pathway. UA effectively inhibited the proliferation and injured COAD cells. In addition, UA arrested cell cycle of COAD cells in S phase. With regard to the molecular mechanisms of UA, we demonstrated that UA can significantly downregulate CCNB1 and its interacting genes and proteins, including CDK1, CDC20, CCND1, and CCNA2, which contributed to cell cycle blocking and COAD treatment. Conclusion: Results from this study revealed that UA possesses therapeutic effects on COAD. The anti-COAD activities of UA are tightly related to suppression of CCNB1 and its interacting targets, which is crucial in abnormal cell cycle process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhui Yang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Changxiao Hu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.,Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanling Liang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianbao Xiao
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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12
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Liu S, Liu X, Wu J, Zhou W, Ni M, Meng Z, Jia S, Zhang J, Guo S, Lu S, Li Y. Identification of candidate biomarkers correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23153. [PMID: 33285689 PMCID: PMC7717725 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was carried out to identify potential key genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of breast cancer (BC). METHODS Seven GEO datasets (GSE24124, GSE32641, GSE36295, GSE42568, GSE53752, GSE70947, GSE109169) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BC and normal breast tissue samples were screened by an integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profile datasets. Hub genes related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of BC were verified by employing protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. RESULTS Ten hub genes with high degree were identified, including CDK1, CDC20, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCNB2, BUB1, BUB1B, CDCA8, KIF11, and TOP2A. Lastly, the Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) online database demonstrated that higher expression levels of these genes were related to lower overall survival. Experimental validation showed that all 10 hub genes had the same expression trend as predicted. CONCLUSION The findings of this research would provide some directive significance for further investigating the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to facilitate the molecular targeting therapy of BC, which could be used as a new biomarker for diagnosis and to guide the combination medicine of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Mengwei Ni
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Shanshan Jia
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Jingyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Siyu Guo
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Shan Lu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang District
| | - Yingfei Li
- Center for Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Research of Herbal Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimen, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
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13
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Wang Y, Zhou Z, Chen L, Li Y, Zhou Z, Chu X. Identification of key genes and biological pathways in lung adenocarcinoma via bioinformatics analysis. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:931-939. [PMID: 33130972 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03959-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Our study identified key LUAD genes and their potential mechanism via bioinformatics analysis of public datasets. GSE10799, GSE40791, and GSE27262 microarray datasets were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The RobustRankAggreg package was used to perform a meta-analysis, and 50 upregulated genes and 87 downregulated genes overlapped in three datasets. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Furthermore, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were built by the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and 22 core genes were identified by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) and visualized with Cytoscape. Subsequently, these core genes were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier Plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). The results showed that all 22 genes were significantly associated with reduced survival rates. For GEPIA, the expression of only one gene was not significantly different between LUAD tissues and normal tissues. A KEGG pathway enrichment reanalysis of the 21 genes identified five key genes (CCNB1, BUB1B, CDC20, TTK, and MAD2L1) in the cell cycle pathway. Finally, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) website was used to explore the relationship between these key genes and certain drugs. Based on the bioinformatics analysis, five key genes were identified in LUAD, and drugs closely associated these genes can provide clues for the treatment and prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Yuzheng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Zengyuan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China
| | - Xia Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Hei Longjiang Province, 150081, P. R. China.
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14
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14-3-3 σ: A potential biomolecule for cancer therapy. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 511:50-58. [PMID: 32950519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As more studies have focused on the function of 14-3-3 proteins, their role in tumor progression has gradually improved. In the 14-3-3 protein family, 14-3-3σ is the protein that is most associated with tumor occurrence and development. In some malignancies, 14-3-3σ acts as a tumor suppressor via p53 and tumor suppressor genes. In most tumors, 14-3-3σ overexpression increases resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and mediates the G2-M checkpoint after DNA damage. Although 14-3-3σ overexpression has been closely associated with poorer prognosis in pancreatic, gastric and colorectal cancer, its role in gallbladder and nasopharyngeal cancer remains less clear. As such, the function of 14-3-3σ in specific cancer types needs to be further clarified. It has been hypothesized that a role may be related to its molecular chaperone function combined with various protein ligands. In this review, we examine the role of 14-3-3σ in tumor development and drug resistance. We discuss the potential of targeting 14-3-3σ regulators in cancer therapy and treatment.
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15
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Repo H, Löyttyniemi E, Kurki S, Kallio L, Kuopio T, Talvinen K, Kronqvist P. A prognostic model based on cell-cycle control predicts outcome of breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:558. [PMID: 32546141 PMCID: PMC7296704 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A prognostic model combining biomarkers of metaphase-anaphase transition of the cell cycle was developed for invasive breast cancer. The prognostic value and clinical applicability of the model was evaluated in comparison with the routine prognosticators of invasive breast carcinoma. Methods The study comprised 1135 breast cancer patients with complete clinical data and up to 22-year follow-up. Regulators of metaphase-anaphase transition were detected immunohistochemically and the biomarkers with the strongest prognostic impacts were combined into a prognostic model. The prognostic value of the model was tested and evaluated in separate patient materials originating from two Finnish breast cancer centers. Results The designed model comprising immunoexpressions of Securin, Separase and Cdk1 identified 8.4-fold increased risk of breast cancer mortality (p < 0.0001). A survival difference exceeding 15 years was observed between the majority (> 75%) of patients resulting with favorable as opposed to unfavorable outcome of the model. Along with nodal status, the model showed independent prognostic impact for all breast carcinomas and for subgroups of luminal, N+ and N- disease. Conclusions The impact of the proposed prognostic model in predicting breast cancer survival was comparable to nodal status. However, the model provided additional information in N- breast carcinoma in identifying patients with aggressive course of disease, potentially in need of adjuvant treatments. Concerning N+, in turn, the model could provide evidence for withholding chemotherapy from patients with favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heli Repo
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Samu Kurki
- Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Teijo Kuopio
- Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Kati Talvinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pauliina Kronqvist
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Pathology, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10/MedD5A, 20500, Turku, Finland.
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16
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Piao L, Li H, Feng Y, Li X, Cui Y, Xuan Y. Leucine Zipper-EF-Hand Containing Transmembrane Protein 1 Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Promotes Cell Progression in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1649-1660. [PMID: 32184668 PMCID: PMC7064284 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s236482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The leucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) is a mitochondrial protein that has been associated with the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Previous studies have shown that LETM1 expression is increased in several types of human cancer and is associated with a poor clinical outcome. However, the role of LETM1 in prostate cancer (PCa) has not yet been determined. In this study, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of LETM1 expression and its role in PCa progression. Methods We assessed the expression of LETM1 and genes related to cancer stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell cycle, and PI3K/Akt signaling in 133 paraffin-embedded PCa tissue samples and cancer cells by using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting. Results LETM1 expression was significantly increased in PCa, and it was positively correlated with Gleason score, pathologic tumor (pT) stage, clinical stage, and high microvessel density. Survival analysis showed that patients with PCa with a high level of LETM1 expression exhibited a low overall survival. Cox regression analysis indicated that LETM1 is an independent poor prognostic PCa factor. Additionally, the expression of LETM1 was correlated with cancer cell stemness-associated genes, EMT-related genes, cell cycle regulatory genes, and PI3K/Akt signaling gene expression in PCa. Furthermore, knocking down LETM1 expression down-regulated the expression of stemness-related proteins, while inhibiting tumor spheroid formation, EMT-like changes, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PCa cells. Importantly, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 strongly inhibited the expression of LETM1, pPI3K-p85, and pAkt (Thr308, Ser473) in PCa cells. Conclusion These results indicate that LETM1 expression is associated with cancer cell stemness, promotes EMT-like changes and cell proliferation and is a potential prognostic biomarker for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Piao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyue Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Feng
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Urology, Yanbian University Affiliated Hospital, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Oncology, Yanbian University Affiliated Hospital, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Xuan
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
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17
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Moon SJ, Kim JH, Kong SH, Shin CS. Protein Expression of Cyclin B1, Transferrin Receptor, and Fibronectin Is Correlated with the Prognosis of Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:132-141. [PMID: 32207273 PMCID: PMC7090291 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.1.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare cancer with a variable prognosis. Several prognostic factors of ACC have been previously reported, but a proteomic analysis has not yet been performed. This study aimed to investigate prognostic biomarkers for ACC using a proteomic approach. METHODS We used reverse-phase protein array data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas, and identified differentially expressed proteins in metastatic ACCs. Multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted by age and staging was used for survival analysis, and the C-index and category-free net reclassification improvement (cfNRI) were utilized to evaluate additive prognostic value. RESULTS In 46 patients with ACC, cyclin B1, transferrin receptor (TfR1), and fibronectin were significantly overexpressed in patients with distant metastasis. In multivariate models, high expression of cyclin B1 and TfR1 was significantly associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 6.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02 to 36.7; and HR, 6.59; 95% CI, 1.14 to 38.2; respectively), whereas high fibronectin expression was not (HR, 3.92; 95% CI, 0.75 to 20.4). Combinations of high cyclin B1/high TfR1, high cyclin B1/high fibronectin, and high TfR1/high fibronectin were strongly associated with mortality ([HR, 13.72; 95% CI, 1.89 to 99.66], [HR, 9.22; 95% CI, 1.34 to 63.55], and [HR, 18.59; 95% CI, 2.54 to 135.88], respectively). In reclassification analyses, cyclin B1, TfR1, fibronectin, and combinations thereof improved the prognostic performance (C-index, 0.78 to 0.82-0.86; cfNRI, all P values <0.05). CONCLUSION In ACC patients, the overexpression of cyclin B1, TfR1, and fibronectin and combinations thereof were associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Joon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sung Hye Kong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Soo Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Carmona S, Brunel JM, Bonier R, Sbarra V, Robert S, Borentain P, Lombardo D, Mas E, Gerolami R. A squalamine derivative, NV669, as a novel PTP1B inhibitor: in vitro and in vivo effects on pancreatic and hepatic tumor growth. Oncotarget 2019; 10:6651-6667. [PMID: 31803360 PMCID: PMC6877102 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NV669 is an aminosterol derived from squalamine found to possess strong anticancer effects. The aim of this study was to investigate NV669’s beneficial effects on human pancreatic and hepatic cancer models and to decipher the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in tumor growth decrease upon treatment with NV669. Pancreatic (BxPC3, MiaPaCa-2) and hepatic (HepG2, Huh7) cancer cells were treated with NV669, and the effects recorded on proliferation, cell cycle and death. Results showed that NV669 inhibited the viability of cancer cells, induced cell cycle arrest and subsequently promoted apoptosis. This was accompanied by a decrease in the expression of cyclin B1 and phosphorylated Cdk1 and by a cleavage of pro-apoptotic caspase-8 and PARP-1. Taken together, our studies showed that NV669 inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic and hepatic cancer cells through the regulation of G2/M phase transition via the cyclin B1-Cdk1 complex. In vitro NV669 inhibits PTP1B activity and FAK expression. NV669 impacts on the expression of adhesion molecules CDH-1, -2 and -3 in BxPC3 and Huh7 lines that form cell monolayers. Consecutively NV669 induces cell detachment. This suggests that NV669 by inhibiting PTP1B induces cell detachment and apoptosis.
Subsequently, our in vivo results showed that NV669 inhibited the growth of pancreatic and hepatic tumor xenografts with a significant cell cycle arrest in pre-mitotic phase and an increase of tumor cell apoptosis. Therefore, NV669 may serve as an alternative anticancer agent, used alone or in association with other medications, for the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Carmona
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INP, Institut de Neuro-Physiopathologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | | | - Rénaté Bonier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Sbarra
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Robert
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN AMUTICYT Core facility, Faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Borentain
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, AP-HM, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Lombardo
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Mas
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - René Gerolami
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, CRO2, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de médecine, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, AP-HM, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, Marseille, France
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19
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Brcic L, Heidinger M, Sever AZ, Zacharias M, Jakopovic M, Fediuk M, Maier A, Quehenberger F, Seiwerth S, Popper H. Prognostic value of cyclin A2 and B1 expression in lung carcinoids. Pathology 2019; 51:481-486. [PMID: 31230818 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoid classification in the lung is still based on morphological criteria. Although there are many studies investigating the role of Ki-67 proliferation index in the classification of lung neuroendocrine tumours, it is still not used in routine diagnostics. Interestingly, cyclins, which have a crucial role in controlling the cell cycle, have not been thoroughly studied in lung neuroendocrine tumours. The aim of our study was to investigate the correlation of cyclin A2 and B1 expression with prognosis, Ki-67 proliferation index, and carcinoid morphology. A cohort of 134 resected typical and atypical carcinoids was stained with antibodies against Ki-67, cyclin A2 and B1. The positive nuclear reaction was assessed in hot spot areas and expressed as the percentage of tumour cells. Univariate analyses found the highest relative hazard between low and high cyclin A2 expression both with respect to overall survival [hazard ratio (HR)=16; 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.8-51; p=0.0000054], and relapse (HR=8; 95% CI 3.1-21; p=0.00002). In multivariate analysis for overall survival cyclin A2 (HR=10; 95% CI 2.5->100; p=0.0082) and B1 (HR=6.5; 95% CI 1.5-35; p=0.02) remained significant when adjusted for other risk factors, whereas Ki-67 was no longer significant (HR=0.64; 95% CI 0.003-5.5; p=0.65). This suggests that Ki-67 is closer to conventional risk factors for survival than cyclin A2 and B1. Furthermore, the analysis revealed 4 mitoses per 2 mm2 as a more powerful prognostic cut-off than currently accepted 2 mitoses. We have clearly demonstrated that application of cyclin A2 and cyclin B1 might bring additional value regarding the overall and progression-free survival of patients with carcinoids of the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Brcic
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Martin Heidinger
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Graz, Austria
| | - Anita Zenko Sever
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Graz, Austria
| | - Marko Jakopovic
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Department for Respiratory Diseases Jordanovac, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Melanie Fediuk
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Graz, Austria
| | - Alfred Maier
- Medical University of Graz, Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Hyperbaric Surgery, Graz, Austria
| | - Franz Quehenberger
- Medical University of Graz, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Graz, Austria
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Helmut Popper
- Medical University of Graz, Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Graz, Austria
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20
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Fei F, Qu J, Liu K, Li C, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang S. The subcellular location of cyclin B1 and CDC25 associated with the formation of polyploid giant cancer cells and their clinicopathological significance. J Transl Med 2019; 99:483-498. [PMID: 30487595 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0157-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) are key contributors to cancer heterogeneity, and the formation of PGCCs is associated with changes in the expression of cell-cycle-related proteins. This study investigated the intracellular localization and expression level of multiple cell-cycle-related proteins in PGCCs derived from BT-549 and HEY cells. In addition, the formation of PGCCs and the clinicopathological significance of cell-cycle-related proteins in human breast and ovarian cancer were examined. The expression levels of cell-cycle-related proteins, including cyclin B1, CDC25B, CDC25C, and other cell cycle phosphoproteins, including Chk2, and Aurora-A kinase, were determined using immunostaining and western blotting both in vitro and in vivo. Migration, invasion, and proliferation in control cells, cyclin B1 knockdown cells and their PGCCs following CoCl2 treatment were compared. In addition, human breast and ovarian cancer samples were collected to determine the correlation of number of PGCCs, expression of cell-cycle-related proteins, and tumor pathologic grade and metastasis. Our results confirm that cyclin B1 was localized in the cytoplasm of PGCCs and in the nuclei of their budding daughter cells. The phosphorylated proteins Chk2 and Aurora-A kinase regulated the expression and subcellular localization of cyclin B1, CDC25B, and CDC25C. The rate of positive cytoplasmic staining of cyclin B1 and positive nuclear staining of both CDC25B and CDC25C increased with increase in tumor grade and lymph node metastasis. Cell-cycle-related proteins, including cyclin B1, CDC25B, and CDC25C play an important role in regulating the formation of PGCCs. The inhibition of cyclinB1 and CoCl2 treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities. The subcellular localization of these cell-cycle-related proteins was regulated by other cell cycle phosphoproteins, and was associated with pathologic grade and metastasis of tumors in cases of human breast and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fei
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Jie Qu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.,Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Departments of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China.
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21
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García-Díez I, Hernández-Muñoz I, Hernández-Ruiz E, Nonell L, Puigdecanet E, Bódalo-Torruella M, Andrades E, Pujol RM, Toll A. Transcriptome and cytogenetic profiling analysis of matched in situ/invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas from immunocompetent patients. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:164-174. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Irene García-Díez
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Inmaculada Hernández-Muñoz
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Eugenia Hernández-Ruiz
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
| | - Lara Nonell
- Microarray Analysis Service, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Eulàlia Puigdecanet
- Microarray Analysis Service, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta Bódalo-Torruella
- Microarray Analysis Service, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Evelyn Andrades
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Ramon M. Pujol
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
| | - Agustí Toll
- Department of Dermatology; Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB); Barcelona Spain
- Group of Inflammatory and Neoplastic Dermatological Diseases, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute); Barcelona Spain
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22
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Tanaka H, Yoshida S, Koga F, Toda K, Yoshimura R, Nakajima Y, Sugawara E, Akashi T, Waseda Y, Inoue M, Kijima T, Yokoyama M, Ishioka J, Matsuoka Y, Saito K, Kihara K, Fujii Y. Impact of Immunohistochemistry-Based Subtypes in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer on Response to Chemoradiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018; 102:1408-1416. [PMID: 29960059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A bladder-sparing strategy is a useful option for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), in which the response to chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is primarily important in achieving favorable oncologic outcomes. Our objective is to evaluate the impact of immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based subtyping in MIBC on prediction of CRT response. METHODS AND MATERIALS Treatment protocol consisted of induction CRT followed by partial or radical cystectomy as consolidative surgery; 118 eligible patients with nonmetastatic MIBC were retrospectively analyzed. Of these patients, 92 eventually underwent partial or radical cystectomy after CRT. We applied the IHC-based subtyping model developed by Lund University, which classifies patients into urobasal (Uro), genomically unstable (GU), and squamous cell cancer-like (SCCL) subtypes. GU and SCCL cancers are supposed to be highly aggressive and to have worse prognoses than Uro. Correlations of subtypes with CRT response were analyzed clinically in all patients and pathologically in 92 cystectomized patients. The impact of each subtype on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) was also analyzed. RESULTS Of all patients, 26 (22%), 61 (52%), and 31 (26%) were classified into Uro, GU, and SCCL subtypes, respectively. Clinical complete response (CR) was achieved in 42% of patients overall after CRT, with a significantly higher proportion in GU patients (52%) and SCCL patients (45%) than in Uro patients (15%; P < .001 and P = .01, respectively). On multivariate analysis, the GU/SCCL subtype was a significant predictor of clinical CR, as was absence of hydronephrosis or concomitant carcinoma in situ. Analyses for pathologic CR in the cystectomized patients revealed analogous findings. Five-year CSM of Uro, GU, and SCCL patients was 16%, 23%, and 28% overall, respectively, and 19%, 22%, and 23% in cystectomized patients, respectively, with no significant difference among the subtypes. CR status after CRT was significantly and independently correlated with low CSM in both clinical and pathologic evaluations. CONCLUSIONS GU and SCCL cancers showed significantly more favorable CRT response than did Uro cancers. IHC-based subtyping may improve clinical decisions about the indication of CRT for MIBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshida
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Fumitaka Koga
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Toda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Yoshimura
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakajima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emiko Sugawara
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Akashi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuma Waseda
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kijima
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minato Yokoyama
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichiro Ishioka
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoh Matsuoka
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Saito
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kihara
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujii
- Department of Urology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Liu D, You P, Luo Y, Yang M, Liu Y. Galangin Induces Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells Through Mitochondrial Pathway and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Inhibition. Pharmacology 2018; 102:58-66. [PMID: 29879712 DOI: 10.1159/000489564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis induction by galangin against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. METHODS Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to assess cell viability and flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. The expression level of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-caspase-8, cleaved-caspase-3, Bad, cleaved-Bid, Bcl-2, Bax, p-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase [PI3K], and p-Akt) and cell cycle-related proteins (cyclin D3, cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinases CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, p21, p27, p53) were evaluated by Western blotting. RESULTS Galangin increased the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 in a concentration-dependent manner, inhibited cell viability, and induced apoptosis. Meanwhile, the expression of cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-8, caspase-3, Bid, and Bad increased significantly while the expression of p-PI3K and p-Akt proteins decreased. In addition, the protein levels of cyclin D3, cyclin B1, CDK1, CDK2, and CDK4 were downregulated while the expression levels of p21, p27, and p53 were upregulated significantly. CONCLUSION Galangin could suppress the viability of MCF-7 cells and induce cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and PI3K/Akt inhibition as well as cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengtao You
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Key Laboratory of Resource Science and Chemistry in Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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24
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Kim GJ, Jo HJ, Lee KJ, Choi JW, An JH. Oleanolic acid induces p53-dependent apoptosis via the ERK/JNK/AKT pathway in cancer cell lines in prostatic cancer xenografts in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26370-26386. [PMID: 29899865 PMCID: PMC5995180 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated oleanolic acid (OA)-induced anti-cancer activity, apoptotic mechanism, cell cycle status, and MAPK kinase signaling in DU145 (prostate cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer), U87 (human glioblastoma), normal murine liver cell (BNL CL.2) and human foreskin fibroblast cell lines (Hs 68). The IC50 values for OA-induced cytotoxicity were 112.57 in DU145, 132.29 in MCF-7, and 163.60 in U87 cells, respectively. OA did not exhibit toxicity in BNL CL. 2 and Hs 68 cell lines in our experiments. OA, at 100 µg/mL, increased the number of apoptotic cells to 27.0% in DU145, 27.0% in MCF-7, and 15.7% in U87, when compared to control cells. This enhanced apoptosis was due to increases in p53, cytochrome c, Bax, PARP-1 and caspase-3 expression in DU145, MCF-7 and U87 cell lines. OA-treated DU145 cells were arrested in G2 because of the activation of p-AKT, p-JNK, p21 and p27, and the decrease in p-ERK, cyclin B1 and CDK2 expression; OA-treated MCF-7 cells were arrested in G1 owing to the activation of p-JNK, p-ERK, p21, and p27, and the decrease in p-AKT, cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, and CDK2; and OA-treated U87 cells also exhibited G1 phase arrest caused by the increase in p-ERK, p-JNK, p-AKT, p21, and p27, and the decrease in cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E and CDK2. Thus, OA arrested the cell cycle at different phases and induced apoptosis in cancer cells. These results suggested that OA possibly altered the expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins differently in varying types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-Ji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ju Jo
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Jai Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Hee An
- Division of Food Bioscience, Konkuk University, Chunju, Korea
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25
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Zhang LL, Feng ZL, Su MX, Jiang XM, Chen X, Wang Y, Li A, Lin LG, Lu JJ. Downregulation of Cyclin B1 mediates nagilactone E-induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 830:17-25. [PMID: 29680228 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common forms and leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and discovery of new effective drugs still remains imperative to improve the survival rate. Nagilactone E (NLE) is a natural product isolated from Podocarpus nagi seeds, which has been used as raw materials for edible oil and industrial oil extraction. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer potential of NLE against NSCLC A549 and NCI-H1975 cells. MTT assay revealed that NLE inhibited the proliferation of A549 and NCI-H1975 cells with IC50s of 5.18 ± 0.49 and 3.57 ± 0.29 μM, respectively. NLE treatment inhibited clone formation in both cancer cell lines. Cell cycle analysis indicated that NLE treatment effectively induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest in A549 and NCI-H1975 cells. NLE downregulated the phosphorylation of cdc2 (Tyr15) and cdc25C (Ser216) as well as the expression level of the protein kinase Wee1 in concentration- and time-dependent manners. In addition, NLE treatment decreased the protein level of Cyclin B1 as well as its nuclear localization, which might decrease the activity of the Cyclin B1/cdc2 complex and induce G2 phase arrest. Long-term NLE treatment also induced caspase-dependent cell apoptosis, as evidenced by increase in Annexin V positive cells and the cleavage of PARP. To sum, NLE inhibited proliferation, induced G2 phase arrest, and triggered caspase-dependent apoptosis in NSCLC cells, suggesting it to be a potential leading compound for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhe-Ling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Min-Xia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ao Li
- College of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Gen Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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26
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Ye C, Wang J, Wu P, Li X, Chai Y. Prognostic role of cyclin B1 in solid tumors: a meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2224-2232. [PMID: 27903976 PMCID: PMC5356794 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1 is a key mitotic cyclin in the G2-M phase transition of the cell cycle and is overexpressed in various malignant tumors. Numerous studies have reported contradictory evidences of the correlation between cyclin B1 expression and prognosis in human solid tumors. To address this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis with 17 published studies searched from PubMed and Medline. Cyclin B1 overexpression was significantly associated with poor 3-year overall survival (OS) (OR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.20 to 3.50, P = 0.009) and 5-year OS (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.33 to 3.36, P = 0.002) of solid tumors. Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated cyclin B1 expression was associated with worse prognosis of lung cancer and esophageal cancer but better prognosis of colorectal cancer. In summary, overexpression of cyclin B1 is correlated with poor survival in most solid tumors, which suggests that the expression status of cyclin B1 is a significant prognostic parameter in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ye
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Pin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaofen Li
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education, Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ying Chai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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27
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Priftis A, Goutzourelas N, Halabalaki M, Ntasi G, Stagos D, Amoutzias GD, Skaltsounis LA, Kouretas D. Effect of polyphenols from coffee and grape on gene expression in myoblasts. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 172:115-122. [PMID: 29174054 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Coffee and grape contain various bioactive compounds like polyphenols that may exert beneficial effects, especially antioxidant activity, on human health upon consumption. However, the molecular mechanisms through which these effects are achieved are not fully elucidated. Thus, in the present study in order to investigate these mechanisms, a whole genome expression DNA microarray analysis was carried out in myoblasts treated with polyphenols of coffee and grape pomace at concentrations that improved the redox status. Grape was composed of catechin, epicatechin, cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin, petunidin, myrtillin, kuromanin, oenin, peonidin, quercetin, gallic acid and caftaric acid as LC-MS revealed, with a total polyphenolic content (TPC) of 648 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g of dry matter. Coffee had a TPC of 42.61 mg GAE/g coffee and was composed of 3-chlorogenic acid (16.61 mg/g), 4- and 5-chlorogenic acids (13.62 mg/g), as UHPLC-HRMS revealed. According to the results, grape polyphenols altered mainly the expression of cytoskeleton and differentiation-associated genes, while coffee compounds had a more profound effect, on the expression levels of many metabolic and antioxidant genes possibly through the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) like-2 (Nrf2) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Priftis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Goutzourelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Ntasi
- PharmaGnose S.A., Papathanasiou 24, 34100, Chalkida, Euboea, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Stagos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Grigorios D Amoutzias
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece
| | - Leandros A Skaltsounis
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, 41221, Greece.
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28
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Li P, Shi JX, Xing MT, Dai LP, Li JT, Zhang JY. Evaluation of serum autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens as biomarkers in lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317711662. [DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Li
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Xiang Shi
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng-Tao Xing
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Li-Ping Dai
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ji-Tian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- The Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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29
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Separase is a marker for prognosis and mitotic activity in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1383-1391. [PMID: 28859055 PMCID: PMC5672940 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer cell proliferation is a critical feature in classifying and predicting the outcome of breast carcinoma. Separase has a central role in cell cycle progression in unleashing sister-chromatids at anaphase onset. Abnormally functioning separase is known to lead to chromosomal instability. Methods: The study comprises 349 breast carcinoma patients treated in Central Hospital of Central Finland. The prognostic value, role as a proliferation marker and regulatory interactions of separase are evaluated by immunohistochemical and double- and triple-immunofluorescence (IF) detections based on complete clinical data and >22-year follow-up of the patient material. Results: In our material, abnormal separase expression predicted doubled risk of breast cancer death (P<0.001). Up to 11.3-year survival difference was observed when comparing patients with and without separase expressing cancer cell mitoses. Particularly, abnormal separase expression predicted impaired survival for luminal breast carcinoma (P<0.001, respectively). In multivariate analyses, abnormal separase expression showed independent prognostic value. The complex inhibitory interactions involving securin and cyclin B1 were investigated in double- and triple-IFs and revealed patient subgroups with aberrant regulation and expression patterns of separase. Conclusions: In our experience, separase is a promising and clinically applicable proliferation marker. Separase expression shows strong and independent prognostic value and could be developed into a biomarker for treatment decisions in breast carcinoma, particularly defining prognostic subgroups among luminal carcinomas.
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30
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Qi J, Ma L, Wang X, Li Y, Wang K. Observation of significant biomarkers in osteosarcoma via integrating module- identification method with attract. Cancer Biomark 2017; 20:87-93. [PMID: 28759958 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent type of bone malignancy, and this disease has a poor prognosis. We aimed to identify the significant genes related with OS by integrating module-identification method and attract approach. METHODS OS-related microarray data E-GEOD-36001 were obtained from ArrayExpress database, and then protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of normal and OS were re-weighted by means of spearman correlation coefficient (SCC). Next, maximal cliques were detected from the re-weighted PPI networks using clusteringbased on maximal cliques approach. Afterwards, highly overlapped cliques were merged according to the interconnectivity, following by candidate modules and seed modules identification. Attract proposed by Mar et al. who have suggested that this approach can extract and annotate the gene-sets which can distinguish between disease and control samples, and obtained differences of these gene-sets among the expression profile of samples were defined as attractors. Thus, we applied attract method to extract differential modules from the seed modules, and these obtained differential modules were defined as attractors. The genes in attractors were determined as attractor genes. RESULTS After eliminating the maximal cliques with nodes less than 4, there were 1,884 and 528 maximal cliques in normal and OS PPI networks, which were used to conduct module analysis. A total of 60 and 19 candidate modules were obtained in control and OS PPI networks, respectively. By comparing with normal group, 2 seed module pairs with similar gene composition were found. Significantly, based on attract method, we found that these 2 modules were differential. These 2 modules had the same gene size with 4 genes. Of note, genes CCNB1 and KIF11 simultaneously appeared in these two attractors. CONCLUSIONS We successfully identified two attractors via integrating module-identification method and attract approach, and attractor genes, for example, CCNB1 and KIF11 might play pathophysiological roles in OS development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaanxi Provicial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Out-patient Department, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Wuluumuqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Spirallink Medical Research Institute, Beijing 100054, China
| | - Kejun Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei, China
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Sun X, Zhangyuan G, Shi L, Wang Y, Sun B, Ding Q. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of cyclin B expression in patients with breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6860. [PMID: 28489780 PMCID: PMC5428614 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin B plays a crucial role in cancer cell cycle progression and is overexpressed in many human cancers, including breast cancer. However, the prognostic value of cyclin B expression in breast cancer is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of cyclin B expression in breast cancer. METHODS We searched PubMed, web of science, and Embase databases to retrieve the publications investigating the association between cyclin B expression and clinicopathological/prognostic significance in breast cancer patients. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) or odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects. RESULTS Ten studies with 2366 breast cancer patients were included to evaluate the association between cyclin B expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and clinicopathological parameters. The results showed that cyclin B overexpression in breast cancer patients was significantly associated with both poor OS (univariate analysis: HR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.72-3.30, P < .001), DFS (univariate analysis: HR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.50-2.32, P < .001; multivariate analysis: HR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.22-2.52, P = .003), and DSS (multivariate analysis: HR = 5.42, 95% CI = 2.15-13.66, P < .001). Additionally, cyclin B overexpression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion (OR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.03-6.46, P = .017). CONCLUSION Cyclin B overexpression appears to be an independent potential prognostic marker to DSS and DFS for breast cancer. Further studies with large sample size are needed to dissect the relationship between cyclin B and clinicopathological features or prognosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Sun
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Guangyan Zhangyuan
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Liver Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Jiangsu Breast Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University
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Jin X, Fang Y, Hu Y, Chen J, Liu W, Chen G, Gong M, Wu P, Zhu T, Wang S, Zhou J, Wang H, Ma D, Li K. Synergistic activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A and the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 against taxane-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4619-4626. [PMID: 28588720 PMCID: PMC5452869 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a combination of platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy is recommended for at least 70% patients with ovarian cancer as treatment subsequent to surgery, the initial response to the chemotherapy is not durable and tumors become resistant. Histone deacetylase and proteasome inhibitors are novel therapeutic agents. However, the moderate antitumoral effect of the inhibitors has restricted their clinical use when used as single agents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the synergistic activity of trichostatin A (TSA) and PS-341 in ovarian cancer cells, along with the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of taxane resistance. The taxane-sensitive ovarian cancer A2780 cell line and its resistant variant, A2780T, were treated with taxane, TSA and PS-341 at various concentrations. An Annexin V assay was performed to determine the levels of cell viability and apoptosis, while flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining for the mitotic phase-specific protein phosphorylated-histone H3 (Ser10) were used for cell cycle detection. The effects of combined TSA and PS-341 on cell cycle-associated proteins were tested by western blot analysis. Furthermore, the present study examined the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest induced by the 3 agents subsequent to overexpression or downregulation of cyclin B1 in A2780 and A2780T cells, respectively. It was found that TSA interacted synergistically with PS-341, resulting in a marked increase in apoptosis and the rate of G2/M arrest in A2780T cells. A lower basal level of cyclin B1 expression and the incompetence of the upregulation of the cyclin may explain the taxane resistance found in A2780T cells. Collectively, the combination of TSA and PS-341 increased cyclin B1 expression level regardless of the basal expression level, resulting in the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in A2780 and A2780T cells, which raised the possibility that a combination of the two drugs may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of ovarian cancer, particularly in taxane-resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yong Fang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Mei Gong
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Ding Ma
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Kezhen Li
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Key Laboratory of The Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Liu X, Wang Y, Ji H, Aihara K, Chen L. Personalized characterization of diseases using sample-specific networks. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:e164. [PMID: 27596597 PMCID: PMC5159538 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
A complex disease generally results not from malfunction of individual molecules but from dysfunction of the relevant system or network, which dynamically changes with time and conditions. Thus, estimating a condition-specific network from a single sample is crucial to elucidating the molecular mechanisms of complex diseases at the system level. However, there is currently no effective way to construct such an individual-specific network by expression profiling of a single sample because of the requirement of multiple samples for computing correlations. We developed here with a statistical method, i.e. a sample-specific network (SSN) method, which allows us to construct individual-specific networks based on molecular expressions of a single sample. Using this method, we can characterize various human diseases at a network level. In particular, such SSNs can lead to the identification of individual-specific disease modules as well as driver genes, even without gene sequencing information. Extensive analysis by using the Cancer Genome Atlas data not only demonstrated the effectiveness of the method, but also found new individual-specific driver genes and network patterns for various types of cancer. Biological experiments on drug resistance further validated one important advantage of our method over the traditional methods, i.e. we can even identify such drug resistance genes that actually have no clear differential expression between samples with and without the resistance, due to the additional network information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yuetong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 200031, China
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Resveratrol enhances the efficacy of sorafenib mediated apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF7 cells through ROS, cell cycle inhibition, caspase 3 and PARP cleavage. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1906-1914. [PMID: 27863838 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment options, breast cancer is one of the main causes of cancer related death among women worldwide. Present study is aimed to preliminarily evaluate our hypothesis that the combination of resveratrol (RSV), a natural antioxidant, and lower dose of sorafenib (SF), a multi-kinase inhibitor and a component of ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2) pathway, would augment apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF7 cells. MCF7 cellexpressions s were treated with RSV, SF and their combination. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay, DNA fragmentation assay, Hoechst33342, H2DCFDA (2', 7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate), Rhodamine123 staining, and Western Blot to detect different signaling protein expressions, were conducted to test the hypothesis. Combination of RSV and SF showed higher cytotoxicity on MCF7 cells than their individual treatment. Results from morphology change, Hoechst33342 staining, and DNA fragmentation suggested higher apoptosis data in the combinational treatment. Intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) levels, p53 and Bax/Bcl2 expressions, and decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential were also higher in the combinational treatment. Up-regulation of apaf-1, cl. caspase 9, cl. caspase 3 and cl. PARP (poly (ADP-Ribose) polymerase) were also noticed, while the expressions of cyclinD1 and cyclinB1 were decreased in the combinational group. The increase in apoptosis and signaling protein expressions with RSV and SF combinational treatment were increased over time. The combination of RSV and lower dose of SF at 6μM showed enhanced apoptotic activity than SF alone. Therefore, RSV can be considered as a neo-adjuvant to improve SF efficacy in breast cancer treatment.
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Liu Y, Huang L, Guan X, Li H, Zhang QQ, Han C, Wang YJ, Wang C, Zhang Y, Qu C, Liu J, Zou W. ER-α36, a novel variant of ERα, is involved in the regulation of Tamoxifen-sensitivity of glioblastoma cells. Steroids 2016; 111:127-133. [PMID: 26898538 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although accumulating evidence has confirmed that adjuvant Tamoxifen (TAM) treatment is able to sensitize glioblastoma cells to radiotherapy and inhibit their proliferation, TAM is not a suitable treatment for all types of glioblastoma cells; furthermore, long-term TAM usage may lead to TAM resistance. Therefore, understanding the underlying molecular mechanism of TAM resistance is necessary in order to improve TAM clinical therapy and the quality of life of patients suffering from glioblastomas. In this study, the significance of ER-α36 to TAM resistance in glioblastoma cells was examined. First, an analysis of ER-α36 expression in two glioblastoma cell lines U87-MG and U251, showed that ER-α36 was anchored to the cytoplasmic membrane of these cells via Caveolin-1. Subsequent experiments investigating the mechanism of TAM-induced inhibition of U87-MG cell growth showed that TAM exerts its effect by inducing apoptosis via a down-regulation of Survivin expression and an up-regulation of Caspase-3 expression. Furthermore, TAM also arrested the cell cycle at S-phase. However, when U87-MG cells were preconditioned with an ER-α36-specific agonist, IC162, this neutralized TAM-induced inhibition of cell growth. This contrasted with the effect of ER-α36 depletion by RNAi, which enhanced TAM-induced inhibition of cell growth. These findings suggest that resistance to TAM involves ER-α36, which probably acts as a negative regulator of TAM-induced inhibition of glioblastoma cell growth. These findings provide a novel insight into the basis of TAM resistance during glioblastoma therapy and a further study is underway to reveal more about the specific molecular mechanisms associated with ER-α36-mediated TAM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liang Huang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Xin Guan
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Hongyan Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Qi-Qi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Chao Han
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Chao Qu
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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Roskoski R. Cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitors including palbociclib as anticancer drugs. Pharmacol Res 2016; 107:249-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Xue J, Yang G, Ding H, Wang P, Wang C. Role of NSC319726 in ovarian cancer based on the bioinformatics analyses. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 8:3757-65. [PMID: 26719703 PMCID: PMC4689271 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s86343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of NSC319726 in ovarian cancer by bioinformatics analyses. Methods Gene expression profile GSE35972 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The data set contains six samples, including three samples of TOV112D cells untreated and three samples of TOV112D cells treated with NSC319726. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between untreated and treated samples were analyzed using the limma package. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was performed using the signaling pathway impact analysis package, followed by the functional annotation of DEGs and protein–protein interaction network construction. Finally, the subnetwork was identified, and Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis was performed on the DEGs enriched in the subnetwork. Results A total of 120 upregulated and 126 downregulated DEGs were identified. Six Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were significantly perturbed by DEGs, and the pathway of oocyte meiosis was identified as the most perturbed one. Oocyte meiosis was enriched by eight downregulated DEGs, such as ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90 kDa, and polypeptide 6 (RPS6KA6). After functional annotation, eight transcription factors were upregulated (such as B-cell CLL/lymphoma 6 [BCL6]), and three transcription factors were downregulated. Seven tumor suppressor genes, such as forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), were upregulated. Additionally, in the protein–protein interaction network and subnetwork, cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) were hub genes, which were also involved in the functions related to mitotic cell cycle. Conclusion NSC319726 may play an efficient role against ovarian cancer via targeting genes, such as RPS6KA6, BCL6, FOXO3, CCNB1, and CDC20, which are involved in oocyte meiosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Xue
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ding
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- The Clinical Medical College of Jilin University (Grade 2013), People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun City, People's Republic of China
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Long J, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Xu Y, Ge C. Identification of genes and pathways associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by bioinformatics analyses. Oncol Lett 2015; 11:1391-1397. [PMID: 26893748 PMCID: PMC4734321 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.4042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the underlying genes and pathways associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by bioinformatics analyses. Gene expression profile GSE43795 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between six PDAC and five non-neoplastic pancreatic tissue samples were analyzed using the limma package. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were performed, followed by functional annotation and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. Finally, the sub-network was identified and pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the contained DEGs. A total of 374 downregulated and 559 upregulated DEGs were identified. The downregulated DEGs were enriched in GO terms associated with digestion and transport and pathways related to metabolism, while the upregulated DEGs were enriched in GO terms associated with the cell cycle and mitosis and pathways associated with the occurrence of cancer including the cell cycle pathway. Following functional annotation, the oncogene pituitary tumor-transforming 1 (PTTG1) was upregulated. In the PPI network and sub-network, cell division cycle 20 (CDC20) and BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B) were hub genes with high connectivity degrees. Additionally, DEGs in the sub-network including cyclin B1 (CCNB1) were mainly enriched in the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways. In conclusion, the cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways may play significant roles in PDAC, and DEGs including CDC20, BUB1B, CCNB1 and PTTG1 may be potential targets for PDAC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Long
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Ge
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Cai J, Zheng Z, Polin L, Lin Z, Dandekar A, Li L, Sun F, Finley RL, Fang D, Yang ZQ, Zhang K. A novel ER-microtubule-binding protein, ERLIN2, stabilizes Cyclin B1 and regulates cell cycle progression. Cell Discov 2015; 1:15024. [PMID: 27462423 PMCID: PMC4860859 DOI: 10.1038/celldisc.2015.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lipid raft-associated protein 2 (ERLIN2) is amplified in human breast cancers. ERLIN2 gene mutations were also found to be associated with human childhood progressive motor neuron diseases. Yet, an understanding of the physiological function and mechanism for ERLIN2 remains elusive. In this study, we reveal that ERLIN2 is a spatially and temporally regulated ER–microtubule-binding protein that has an important role in cell cycle progression by interacting with and stabilizing the mitosis-promoting factors. Whereas ERLIN2 is highly expressed in aggressive human breast cancers, during normal development ERLIN2 is expressed at the postnatal stage and becomes undetectable in adulthood. ERLIN2 interacts with the microtubule component α-tubulin, and this interaction is maximal during the cell cycle G2/M phase where ERLIN2 simultaneously interacts with the mitosis-promoting complex Cyclin B1/Cdk1. ERLIN2 facilitates K63-linked ubiquitination and stabilization of Cyclin B1 protein in G2/M phase. Downregulation of ERLIN2 results in cell cycle arrest, represses breast cancer proliferation and malignancy and increases sensitivity of breast cancer cells to anticancer drugs. In summary, our study revealed a novel ER–microtubule-binding protein, ERLIN2, which interacts with and stabilizes mitosis-promoting factors to regulate cell cycle progression associated with human breast cancer malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebao Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Juan Cai
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ze Zheng
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa Polin
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aditya Dandekar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Li Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Russell L Finley
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Deyu Fang
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeng-Quan Yang
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Large-scale RNA-Seq Transcriptome Analysis of 4043 Cancers and 548 Normal Tissue Controls across 12 TCGA Cancer Types. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13413. [PMID: 26292924 PMCID: PMC4544034 DOI: 10.1038/srep13413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has accrued RNA-Seq-based transcriptome data for more than 4000 cancer tissue samples across 12 cancer types, translating these data into biological insights remains a major challenge. We analyzed and compared the transcriptomes of 4043 cancer and 548 normal tissue samples from 21 TCGA cancer types, and created a comprehensive catalog of gene expression alterations for each cancer type. By clustering genes into co-regulated gene sets, we identified seven cross-cancer gene signatures altered across a diverse panel of primary human cancer samples. A 14-gene signature extracted from these seven cross-cancer gene signatures precisely differentiated between cancerous and normal samples, the predictive accuracy of leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) were 92.04%, 96.23%, 91.76%, 90.05%, 88.17%, 94.29%, and 99.10% for BLCA, BRCA, COAD, HNSC, LIHC, LUAD, and LUSC, respectively. A lung cancer-specific gene signature, containing SFTPA1 and SFTPA2 genes, accurately distinguished lung cancer from other cancer samples, the predictive accuracy of LOOCV for TCGA and GSE5364 data were 95.68% and 100%, respectively. These gene signatures provide rich insights into the transcriptional programs that trigger tumorigenesis and metastasis, and many genes in the signature gene panels may be of significant value to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Expression of CDK1(Tyr15), pCDK1(Thr161), Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1(Ser126) in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma and their relations with clinicopatological features and prognosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121398. [PMID: 25849598 PMCID: PMC4388712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin B1-CDK1 complex plays an important role in the regulation of cell cycle. Activation of Cyclin B1 and CDK1 and the formation of the complex in G2/M are under multiple regulations involving many regulators such as isoforms of 14-3-3 and CDC25 and Wee1. Abnormal expression of Cyclin B1 and CDK1 has been detected in various tumors. However, to our knowledge no previous study has investigated Cyclin B1 and CDK1 in vulvar cancer. Therefore, we evaluated the statuses of CDK1Tyr15, pCDK1Thr161, Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1Ser126 in 297 cases of vulvar squamous cell carcinomas by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were performed to explore their clinicopathological and prognostic values. In at least 25% of tumor cases high expression of CDK1Tyr15, pCDK1Thr161, Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1Ser126 was observed, compared to the low levels in normal vulvar squamous epithelium. Elevated levels of CDK1Tyr15, pCDK1Thr161, Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1Ser126 were correlated with advanced tumor behaviors and aggressive features. Although CDK1Tyr15, pCDK1Thr161, Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1Ser126 could not be identified as prognostic factors, combinations of (pCDK1Thr161 C+N + 14-3-3σN), (pCDK1Thr161 C+N + 14-3-3ηC), (pCDK1Thr161 C+N + Wee1C) and (pCDK1Thr161 C+N + 14-3-3σN + 14-3-3ηC + Wee1C) were correlated with disease-specific survival (p = 0.036, p = 0.029, p = 0.042 and p = 0.007, respectively) in univariate analysis. The independent prognostic significance of (pCDK1Thr161 C+N + 14-3-3σN + 14-3-3ηC + Wee1C) was confirmed by multivariate analysis. In conclusion, CDK1Tyr15, pCDK1Thr161, Cyclin B1 (total) and pCyclin B1Ser126 may be involved in progression of vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. The combination of pCDK1Thr161, 14-3-3σ, 14-3-3η and Wee1 was a statistically independent prognostic factor.
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Peyressatre M, Prével C, Pellerano M, Morris MC. Targeting cyclin-dependent kinases in human cancers: from small molecules to Peptide inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2015; 7:179-237. [PMID: 25625291 PMCID: PMC4381256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers7010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK/Cyclins) form a family of heterodimeric kinases that play central roles in regulation of cell cycle progression, transcription and other major biological processes including neuronal differentiation and metabolism. Constitutive or deregulated hyperactivity of these kinases due to amplification, overexpression or mutation of cyclins or CDK, contributes to proliferation of cancer cells, and aberrant activity of these kinases has been reported in a wide variety of human cancers. These kinases therefore constitute biomarkers of proliferation and attractive pharmacological targets for development of anticancer therapeutics. The structural features of several of these kinases have been elucidated and their molecular mechanisms of regulation characterized in depth, providing clues for development of drugs and inhibitors to disrupt their function. However, like most other kinases, they constitute a challenging class of therapeutic targets due to their highly conserved structural features and ATP-binding pocket. Notwithstanding, several classes of inhibitors have been discovered from natural sources, and small molecule derivatives have been synthesized through rational, structure-guided approaches or identified in high throughput screens. The larger part of these inhibitors target ATP pockets, but a growing number of peptides targeting protein/protein interfaces are being proposed, and a small number of compounds targeting allosteric sites have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Peyressatre
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Camille Prével
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - Morgan Pellerano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
| | - May C Morris
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, IBMM-CNRS-UMR5247, 15 Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier, France.
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Kubo H, Suzuki T, Matsushima T, Ishihara H, Uchino K, Suzuki S, Tada S, Yoshimura M, Kondo T. Cyclin-dependent kinase-specific activity predicts the prognosis of stage I and stage II non-small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:755. [PMID: 25301183 PMCID: PMC4198674 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Even with complete resection, the prognosis of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer is poor due to local and distant recurrence, and it remains unclear which biomarkers are clinically useful for predicting recurrence or for determining the efficacy of chemotherapy. Recently, several lines of evidence have indicated that the enzymatic activity of cyclin-dependent kinases could be a clinically relevant prognostic marker for some cancers. We investigated whether the specific activity of cyclin-dependent kinases 1 and 2 could predict recurrence or death in early non-small cell lung cancer patients. METHODS Patients with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer were entered into this blinded cohort study. The activity of cyclin-dependent kinases was determined in 171 samples by the C2P® assay, and the results were subjected to statistical analysis with recurrence or death as a clinical outcome. RESULTS The Cox proportional hazards model revealed that the activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 1, but not 2, was a predictor of recurrence, independent of sex, age, and stage. By contrast, cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity was a predictor of death, independent of sex and stage. CONCLUSION This study suggested the possible clinical use of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 as a predictor of recurrence and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 as a predictor of overall survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Thus, a combination of activity of cyclin-dependent kinases 1 and 2 is useful in decision-making regarding treatment strategies for non-small cell lung cancer after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kubo
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Fluorescent biosensors for drug discovery new tools for old targets--screening for inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 88:74-88. [PMID: 25314935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases play central roles in regulation of cell cycle progression, transcriptional regulation and other major biological processes such as neuronal differentiation and metabolism. These kinases are hyperactivated in most human cancers and constitute attractive pharmacological targets. A large number of ATP-competitive inhibitors of CDKs have been identified from natural substances, in high throughput screening assays, or through structure-guided approaches. Alternative strategies have been explored to target essential protein/protein interfaces and screen for allosteric inhibitors that trap inactive intermediates or prevent conformational activation. However this remains a major challenge given the highly conserved structural features of these kinases, and calls for new and alternative screening technologies. Fluorescent biosensors constitute powerful tools for the detection of biomolecules in complex biological samples, and are well suited to study dynamic processes and highlight molecular alterations associated with pathological disorders. They further constitute sensitive and selective tools which can be readily implemented to high throughput and high content screens in drug discovery programmes. Our group has developed fluorescent biosensors to probe cyclin-dependent kinases and gain insight into their molecular behaviour in vitro and in living cells. These tools provide a means of monitoring subtle alterations in the abundance and activity of CDK/Cyclins and can respond to compounds that interfere with the conformational dynamics of these kinases. In this review we discuss the different strategies which have been devised to target CDK/Cyclins, and describe the implementation of our CDK/Cyclin biosensors to develop HTS/HCS assays in view of identifying new classes of inhibitors for cancer therapeutics.
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Coradini D, Boracchi P, Oriana S, Biganzoli E, Ambrogi F. Differential expression of genes involved in the epigenetic regulation of cell identity in normal human mammary cell commitment and differentiation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2014; 33:501-10. [PMID: 25223915 PMCID: PMC4198753 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.014.10066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The establishment and maintenance of mammary epithelial cell identity depends on the activity of a group of proteins, collectively called maintenance proteins, that act as epigenetic regulators of gene transcription through DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. Increasing evidence indicates that dysregulation of these crucial proteins may disrupt epithelial cell integrity and trigger breast tumor initiation. Therefore, we explored in silico the expression pattern of a panel of 369 genes known to be involved in the establishment and maintenance of epithelial cell identity and mammary gland remodeling in cell subpopulations isolated from normal human mammary tissue and selectively enriched in their content of bipotent progenitors, committed luminal progenitors, and differentiated myoepithelial or differentiated luminal cells. The results indicated that, compared to bipotent cells, differentiated myoepithelial and luminal subpopulations were both characterized by the differential expression of 4 genes involved in cell identity maintenance: CBX6 and PCGF2, encoding proteins belonging to the Polycomb group, and SMARCD3 and SMARCE1, encoding proteins belonging to the Trithorax group. In addition to these common genes, the myoepithelial phenotype was associated with the differential expression of HDAC1, which encodes histone deacetylase 1, whereas the luminal phenotype was associated with the differential expression of SMARCA4 and HAT1, which encode a Trithorax protein and histone acetylase 1, respectively. The luminal compartment was further characterized by the overexpression of ALDH1A3 and GATA3, and the down-regulation of NOTCH4 and CCNB1, with the latter suggesting a block in cell cycle progression at the G2 phase. In contrast, myoepithelial differentiation was associated with the overexpression of MYC and the down-regulation of CCNE1, with the latter suggesting a block in cell cycle progression at the G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danila Coradini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics, University of Milan, Via Vanzetti 5, Milan 20133, Italy;
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Onodera Y, Motohashi H, Takagi K, Miki Y, Shibahara Y, Watanabe M, Ishida T, Hirakawa H, Sasano H, Yamamoto M, Suzuki T. NRF2 immunolocalization in human breast cancer patients as a prognostic factor. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:241-52. [PMID: 24302665 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2 (NFE2L2)) is an important transcriptional activator involved in the cellular defense mechanisms against electrophilic and oxidative stress. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of NRF2 protein is upregulated in several human malignancies and is associated with worse prognosis in these patients. However, the pathological and clinical significance of NRF2 has remained largely unknown in breast cancer patients. Therefore, in this study, we immunolocalized NRF2 in 106 breast carcinoma cases. NRF2 immunoreactivity was mainly detected in the nucleus of the breast carcinoma cells and it was positive in 44% of the cases. NRF2 status was significantly associated with histological grade, Ki-67 labeling index, p62 immunoreactivity, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) immunoreactivity, and the results of multivariate analyses revealed that NRF2 status was an independent adverse prognostic factor for both recurrence and disease-free survival of the patients. Subsequent in vitro studies demonstrated that the expression of NRF2 significantly increased the proliferation activity of MCF7 and SK-BR-3 breast carcinoma cells. These results indicate that nuclear NRF2 protein plays important roles in the proliferation and/or progression of breast carcinoma, and nuclear NRF2 immunoreactivity is therefore considered a potent prognostic factor in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Onodera
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Department of Gene Expression Regulation, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi-ken 980-8575, Japan Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan Department of Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan Department of Surgery, Tohoku Kosai Hospital, Sendai, Japan Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Klintman M, Strand C, Ahlin C, Beglerbegovic S, Fjällskog ML, Grabau D, Gudlaugsson E, Janssen EAM, Lövgren K, Skaland I, Bendahl PO, Malmström P, Baak JPA, Fernö M. The prognostic value of mitotic activity index (MAI), phosphohistone H3 (PPH3), cyclin B1, cyclin A, and Ki67, alone and in combinations, in node-negative premenopausal breast cancer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81902. [PMID: 24324728 PMCID: PMC3852976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation, either as the main common denominator in genetic profiles, or in the form of single factors such as Ki67, is recommended for clinical use especially in estrogen receptor-positive (ER) patients. However, due to high costs of genetic profiles and lack of reproducibility for Ki67, studies on other proliferation factors are warranted. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the proliferation factors mitotic activity index (MAI), phosphohistone H3 (PPH3), cyclin B1, cyclin A and Ki67, alone and in combinations. In 222 consecutive premenopausal node-negative breast cancer patients (87% without adjuvant medical treatment), MAI was assessed on whole tissue sections (predefined cut-off ≥10 mitoses), and PPH3, cyclin B1, cyclin A, and Ki67 on tissue microarray (predefined cut-offs 7th decile). In univariable analysis (high versus low) the strongest prognostic proliferation factor for 10-year distant disease-free survival was MAI (Hazard Ratio (HR)=3.3, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.8-6.1), followed by PPH3, cyclin A, Ki67, and cyclin B1. A combination variable, with patients with MAI and/or cyclin A high defined as high-risk, had even stronger prognostic value (HR=4.2, 95%CI: 2.2-7). When stratifying for ER-status, MAI was a significant prognostic factor in ER-positive patients only (HR=7.0, 95%CI: 3.1-16). Stratified for histological grade, MAI added prognostic value in grade 2 (HR=7.2, 95%CI: 3.1-38) and grade 1 patients. In multivariable analysis including HER2, age, adjuvant medical treatment, ER, and one proliferation factor at a time, only MAI (HR=2.7, 95%CI: 1.1-6.7), and cyclin A (HR=2.7, 95%CI: 1.2-6.0) remained independently prognostic. In conclusion this study confirms the strong prognostic value of all proliferation factors, especially MAI and cyclin A, in all patients, and more specifically in ER-positive patients, and patients with histological grade 2 and 1. Additionally, by combining two proliferation factors, an even stronger prognostic value may be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Klintman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Carina Strand
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Ahlin
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Marie-Louise Fjällskog
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Radiology, and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dorthe Grabau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Pathology, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Einar Gudlaugsson
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Kristina Lövgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ivar Skaland
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Pär-Ola Bendahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Malmström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Skåne Department of Oncology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jan P. A. Baak
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mårten Fernö
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Prediction of Oncotype DX and TAILORx risk categories using histopathological and immunohistochemical markers by classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. Breast 2013; 22:879-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Sato-Tadano A, Suzuki T, Amari M, Takagi K, Miki Y, Tamaki K, Watanabe M, Ishida T, Sasano H, Ohuchi N. Hexokinase II in breast carcinoma: a potent prognostic factor associated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and Ki-67. Cancer Sci 2013; 104:1380-8. [PMID: 23869589 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mediates adaptive responses to changes under tissue hypoxia in carcinoma cells by controlling the expression of various target genes. Previous studies have demonstrated that HIF-1α is associated with adverse clinical outcome in breast carcinoma patients, but details of HIF-1α's role have remained largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, we examined the expression profiles of HIF-1α-induced genes in 10 breast carcinoma cases using microarray data. As a result, we demonstrated that the status of hexokinase II (HKII) was associated with carcinoma recurrence in patients with these genes. The enzyme HKII is involved in the first, and rate-limiting, step of glycolysis, but its clinical significance has not yet been examined in breast carcinoma. Therefore, we immunolocalized HKII in 118 breast carcinomas, and HKII immunoreactivity was detected in 44% of the cases. It is significantly associated with histological grade, Ki-67 labeling index and HIF-1α immunoreactivity. Also, HKII status is significantly associated with increased risk of recurrence and adverse clinical outcome in breast cancer patients. Subsequent multivariate analysis demonstrated that HKII status was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival of patients. These results all suggest that HKII is induced by HIF-1α and plays important roles in the proliferation and/or progression of breast carcinoma possibly through increased glycolytic activity. The status of HKII is therefore considered a potent prognostic factor in human breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sato-Tadano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Casimiro MC, Crosariol M, Loro E, Li Z, Pestell RG. Cyclins and cell cycle control in cancer and disease. Genes Cancer 2013; 3:649-57. [PMID: 23634253 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913479022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 overexpression is found in more than 50% of human breast cancers and causes mammary cancer in transgenic mice. Dysregulation of cyclin D1 gene expression or function contributes to the loss of normal cell cycle control during tumorigenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that cyclin D1 conducts additional specific functions to regulate gene expression in the context of local chromatin, promote cellular migration, and promote chromosomal instability. It is anticipated that these additional functions contribute to the pathology associated with dysregulated cyclin D1 abundance. This article discusses evidence that examines the functional roles that cyclin D1 may play in cancer with an emphasis on other cyclin family members that also may contribute to cancer and disease in a similar fashion.
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